Precise approach with definitions, theorems, proofs, examples and exercises. Topics include partial differentiation, vectors, differential geometry, Stieltjes integral, infinite series, gamma function, Fourier series, Laplace transform, much more. Numerous graded exercises with selected answers.

During the past three decades, the development of nonlinear analysis, dynamical systems and their applications to science and engineering has stimulated renewed enthusiasm for the theory of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODE).This useful book, which is based on the lecture notes of a well-received graduate course, emphasizes both theory and applications, taking numerous examples from physics and biology to illustrate the application of ODE theory and techniques.Written in a straightforward and easily accessible style, this volume presents dynamical systems in the spirit of nonlinear analysis to readers at a graduate level and serves both as a textbook and as a valuable resource for researchers.This new edition contains corrections and suggestions from the various readers and users. A new chapter on Monotone Dynamical Systems is added to take into account the new developments in ordinary differential equations and dynamical systems.

This monograph develops an innovative approach that utilizes the Birman-Schwinger principle from quantum mechanics to investigate stability properties of steady state solutions in galactic dynamics. The opening chapters lay the framework for the main result through detailed treatments of nonrelativistic galactic dynamics and the Vlasov-Poisson system, the Antonov stability estimate, and the period function $T_1$. Then, as the main application, the Birman-Schwinger type principle is used to characterize in which cases the "best constant" in the Antonov stability estimate is attained. The final two chapters consider the relation to the Guo-Lin operator and invariance properties for the Vlasov-Poisson system, respectively. Several appendices are also included that cover necessary background material, such as spherically symmetric models, action-angle variables, relevant function spaces and operators, and some aspects of Kato-Rellich perturbation theory. A Birman-Schwinger Principle in Galactic Dynamics will be of interest to researchers in galactic dynamics, kinetic theory, and various aspects of quantum mechanics, as well as those in related areas of mathematical physics and applied mathematics.

The main subject of this introductory book is simple random walk on the integer lattice, with special attention to the two-dimensional case. This fascinating mathematical object is the point of departure for an intuitive and richly illustrated tour of related topics at the active edge of research. It starts with three different proofs of the recurrence of the two-dimensional walk, via direct combinatorial arguments, electrical networks, and Lyapunov functions. After reviewing some relevant potential-theoretic tools, the reader is guided toward the relatively new topic of random interlacements - which can be viewed as a 'canonical soup' of nearest-neighbour loops through infinity - again with emphasis on two dimensions. On the way, readers will visit conditioned simple random walks - which are the 'noodles' in the soup - and also discover how Poisson processes of infinite objects are constructed and review the recently introduced method of soft local times. Each chapter ends with many exercises, making it suitable for courses and independent study.

Composites have been studied for more than 150 years, and interest in their properties has been growing. This classic volume provides the foundations for understanding a broad range of composite properties, including electrical, magnetic, electromagnetic, elastic and viscoelastic, piezoelectric, thermal, fluid flow through porous materials, thermoelectric, pyroelectric, magnetoelectric, and conduction in the presence of a magnetic field (Hall effect). Exact solutions of the PDEs in model geometries provide one avenue of understanding composites; other avenues include microstructure-independent exact relations satisfied by effective moduli, for which the general theory is reviewed; approximation formulae for effective moduli; and series expansions for the fields and effective moduli that are the basis of numerical methods for computing these fields and moduli. The range of properties that composites can exhibit can be explored either through the model geometries or through microstructure-independent bounds on the properties. These bounds are obtained through variational principles, analytic methods, and Hilbert space approaches. Most interesting is when the properties of the composite are unlike those of the constituent materials, and there has been an explosion of interest in such composites, now known as metamaterials. The Theory of Composites surveys these aspects, among others, and complements the new body of literature that has emerged since the book was written. It remains relevant today by providing historical background, a compendium of numerous results, and through elucidating many of the tools still used today in the analysis of composite properties. This book is intended for applied mathematicians, physicists, and electrical and mechanical engineers. It will also be of interest to graduate students.

Formal analysis is the study of formal power series, formal Laurent series, formal root series, and other formal series or formal functionals. This book is the first comprehensive presentation of the topic that systematically introduces formal analysis, including its algebraic, analytic, and topological structure, along with various applications.

This book provides a comprehensive examination of preconditioners for boundary element discretisations of first-kind integral equations. Focusing on domain-decomposition-type and multilevel methods, it allows readers to gain a good understanding of the mechanisms and necessary techniques in the analysis of the preconditioners. These techniques are unique for the discretisation of first-kind integral equations since the resulting systems of linear equations are not only large and ill-conditioned, but also dense. The book showcases state-of-the-art preconditioning techniques for boundary integral equations, presenting up-to-date research. It also includes a detailed discussion of Sobolev spaces of fractional orders to familiarise readers with important mathematical tools for the analysis. Furthermore, the concise overview of adaptive BEM, hp-version BEM, and coupling of FEM-BEM provides efficient computational tools for solving practical problems with applications in science and engineering.

This book consists of three volumes. The first volume contains introductory accounts of topological dynamical systems, fi nite-state symbolic dynamics, distance expanding maps, and ergodic theory of metric dynamical systems acting on probability measure spaces, including metric entropy theory of Kolmogorov and Sinai. More advanced topics comprise infi nite ergodic theory, general thermodynamic formalism, topological entropy and pressure. Thermodynamic formalism of distance expanding maps and countable-alphabet subshifts of fi nite type, graph directed Markov systems, conformal expanding repellers, and Lasota-Yorke maps are treated in the second volume, which also contains a chapter on fractal geometry and its applications to conformal systems. Multifractal analysis and real analyticity of pressure are also covered. The third volume is devoted to the study of dynamics, ergodic theory, thermodynamic formalism and fractal geometry of rational functions of the Riemann sphere.

This book provides a broad, interdisciplinary overview of non-Archimedean analysis and its applications. Featuring new techniques developed by leading experts in the field, it highlights the relevance and depth of this important area of mathematics, in particular its expanding reach into the physical, biological, social, and computational sciences as well as engineering and technology. In the last forty years the connections between non-Archimedean mathematics and disciplines such as physics, biology, economics and engineering, have received considerable attention. Ultrametric spaces appear naturally in models where hierarchy plays a central role - a phenomenon known as ultrametricity. In the 80s, the idea of using ultrametric spaces to describe the states of complex systems, with a natural hierarchical structure, emerged in the works of Fraunfelder, Parisi, Stein and others. A central paradigm in the physics of certain complex systems - for instance, proteins - asserts that the dynamics of such a system can be modeled as a random walk on the energy landscape of the system. To construct mathematical models, the energy landscape is approximated by an ultrametric space (a finite rooted tree), and then the dynamics of the system is modeled as a random walk on the leaves of a finite tree. In the same decade, Volovich proposed using ultrametric spaces in physical models dealing with very short distances. This conjecture has led to a large body of research in quantum field theory and string theory. In economics, the non-Archimedean utility theory uses probability measures with values in ordered non-Archimedean fields. Ultrametric spaces are also vital in classification and clustering techniques. Currently, researchers are actively investigating the following areas: p-adic dynamical systems, p-adic techniques in cryptography, p-adic reaction-diffusion equations and biological models, p-adic models in geophysics, stochastic processes in ultrametric spaces, applications of ultrametric spaces in data processing, and more. This contributed volume gathers the latest theoretical developments as well as state-of-the art applications of non-Archimedean analysis. It covers non-Archimedean and non-commutative geometry, renormalization, p-adic quantum field theory and p-adic quantum mechanics, as well as p-adic string theory and p-adic dynamics. Further topics include ultrametric bioinformation, cryptography and bioinformatics in p-adic settings, non-Archimedean spacetime, gravity and cosmology, p-adic methods in spin glasses, and non-Archimedean analysis of mental spaces. By doing so, it highlights new avenues of research in the mathematical sciences, biosciences and computational sciences.

This is a graduate text introducing the fundamentals of measure theory and integration theory, which is the foundation of modern real analysis. The text focuses first on the concrete setting of Lebesgue measure and the Lebesgue integral (which in turn is motivated by the more classical concepts of Jordan measure and the Riemann integral), before moving on to abstract measure and integration theory, including the standard convergence theorems, Fubini's theorem, and the Caratheodory extension theorem. Classical differentiation theorems, such as the Lebesgue and Rademacher differentiation theorems, are also covered, as are connections with probability theory. The material is intended to cover a quarter or semester's worth of material for a first graduate course in real analysis. There is an emphasis in the text on tying together the abstract and the concrete sides of the subject, using the latter to illustrate and motivate the former. The central role of key principles (such as Littlewood's three principles) as providing guiding intuition to the subject is also emphasized. There are a large number of exercises throughout that develop key aspects of the theory, and are thus an integral component of the text. As a supplementary section, a discussion of general problem-solving strategies in analysis is also given. The last three sections discuss optional topics related to the main matter of the book.

This proceedings volume gathers together selected works from the 2018 "Asymptotic, Algebraic and Geometric Aspects of Integrable Systems" workshop that was held at TSIMF Yau Mathematical Sciences Center in Sanya, China, honoring Nalini Joshi on her 60th birthday. The papers cover recent advances in asymptotic, algebraic and geometric methods in the study of discrete integrable systems. The workshop brought together experts from fields such as asymptotic analysis, representation theory and geometry, creating a platform to exchange current methods, results and novel ideas. This volume's articles reflect these exchanges and can be of special interest to a diverse group of researchers and graduate students interested in learning about current results, new approaches and trends in mathematical physics, in particular those relevant to discrete integrable systems.

This book is the second edition of the first complete study and monograph dedicated to singular traces. The text offers, due to the contributions of Albrecht Pietsch and Nigel Kalton, a complete theory of traces and their spectral properties on ideals of compact operators on a separable Hilbert space. The second edition has been updated on the fundamental approach provided by Albrecht Pietsch. For mathematical physicists and other users of Connes' noncommutative geometry the text offers a complete reference to traces on weak trace class operators, including Dixmier traces and associated formulas involving residues of spectral zeta functions and asymptotics of partition functions.

This proceedings volume collects select contributions presented at the International Conference in Operator Theory held at Hammamet, Tunisia, on April 30 May 3, 2018. Edited and refereed by well-known experts in the field, this wide-ranging collection of survey and research articles presents the state of the art in the field of operator theory, covering topics such as operator and spectral theory, fixed point theory, functional analysis etc.

The present volume contains the Proceedings of the Seventh Iberoamerican Workshop in Orthogonal Polynomials and Applications (EIBPOA, which stands for Encuentros Iberoamericanos de Polinomios Ortogonales y Aplicaciones, in Spanish), held at the Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Leganes, Spain, from July 3 to July 6, 2018.These meetings were mainly focused to encourage research in the fields of approximation theory, special functions, orthogonal polynomials and their applications among graduate students as well as young researchers from Latin America, Spain and Portugal. The presentation of the state of the art as well as some recent trends constitute the aim of the lectures delivered in the EIBPOA by worldwide recognized researchers in the above fields.In this volume, several topics on the theory of polynomials orthogonal with respect to different inner products are analyzed, both from an introductory point of view for a wide spectrum of readers without an expertise in the area, as well as the emphasis on their applications in topics as integrable systems, random matrices, numerical methods in differential and partial differential equations, coding theory, and signal theory, among others.

This edited volume presents state-of-the-art developments in various areas in which Harmonic Analysis is applied. Contributions cover a variety of different topics and problems treated such as structure and optimization in computational harmonic analysis, sampling and approximation in shift invariant subspaces of L2( ), optimal rank one matrix decomposition, the Riemann Hypothesis, large sets avoiding rough patterns, Hardy Littlewood series, Navier-Stokes equations, sleep dynamics exploration and automatic annotation by combining modern harmonic analysis tools, harmonic functions in slabs and half-spaces, Andoni -Krauthgamer -Razenshteyn characterization of sketchable norms fails for sketchable metrics, random matrix theory, multiplicative completion of redundant systems in Hilbert and Banach function spaces. Efforts have been made to ensure that the content of the book constitutes a valuable resource for graduate students as well as senior researchers working on Harmonic Analysis and its various interconnections with related areas.

This authoritative book presents recent research results on nonlinear problems with lack of compactness. The topics covered include several nonlinear problems in the Euclidean setting as well as variational problems on manifolds. The combination of deep techniques in nonlinear analysis with applications to a variety of problems make this work an essential source of information for researchers and graduate students working in analysis and PDE's.