This book brings together carefully selected, peer-reviewed works on mathematical biology presented at the BIOMAT International Symposium on Mathematical and Computational Biology, which was held at the Institute of Numerical Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, in October 2017, in Moscow. Topics covered include, but are not limited to, the evolution of spatial patterns on metapopulations, problems related to cardiovascular diseases and modeled by boundary control techniques in hemodynamics, algebraic modeling of the genetic code, and multi-step biochemical pathways. Also, new results are presented on topics like pattern recognition of probability distribution of amino acids, somitogenesis through reaction-diffusion models, mathematical modeling of infectious diseases, and many others. Experts, scientific practitioners, graduate students and professionals working in various interdisciplinary fields will find this book a rich resource for research and applications alike.

This is an indispensable reference for those mathematicians that conduct research activity in applications of fixed-point theory to boundary value problems for nonlinear functional equations. Coverage includes second-order finite difference equations and systems of difference equations subject to multi-point boundary conditions, various methods to study the existence of positive solutions for difference equations, and Green functions.

This is the second in a pair of works which study small disturbances to the plane, periodic 3D Couette flow in the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations at high Reynolds number Re. In this work, we show that there is constant 0 0 exist at least until t = c0???1 and in general evolve to be O(c0) due to the lift-up e?ect. Further, after times t Re1/3, the streamwise dependence of the solution is rapidly diminished by a mixing-enhanced dissipation e?ect and the solution is attracted back to the class of "2.5 dimensional" streamwise-independent solutions (sometimes referred to as "streaks"). The largest of these streaks are expected to eventually undergo a secondary instability at t ? ???1. Hence, our work strongly suggests, for all (sufficiently regular) initial data, the genericity of the "lift-up e?ect streak growth streak breakdown" scenario for turbulent transition of the 3D Couette flow near the threshold of stability forwarded in the applied mathematics and physics literature.

The articles collected in this volume are based on lectures given at the IMA Workshop, "Computational Radiology and Imaging: Therapy and Diagnostics," March 17-21, 1997. Introductory articles by the editors have been added. The focus is on inverse problems involving electromagnetic radiation and particle beams, with applications to X-ray tomography, nuclear medicine, near-infrared imaging, microwave imaging, electron microscopy, and radiation therapy planning. Mathematical and computational tools and models which play important roles in this volume include the X-ray transform and other integral transforms, the linear Boltzmann equation and, for near-infrared imaging, its diffusion approximation, iterative methods for large linear and non-linear least-squares problems, iterative methods for linear feasibility problems, and optimization methods. The volume is intended not only for mathematical scientists and engineers working on these and related problems, but also for non-specialists. It contains much introductory expository material, and a large number of references. Many unsolved computational and mathematical problems of substantial practical importance are pointed out.

This book presents contributions from two workshops in algebraic and analytic microlocal analysis that took place in 2012 and 2013 at Northwestern University. Featured papers expand on mini-courses and talks ranging from foundational material to advanced research-level papers, and new applications in symplectic geometry, mathematical physics, partial differential equations, and complex analysis are discussed in detail. Topics include Procesi bundles and symplectic reflection algebras, microlocal condition for non-displaceability, polarized complex manifolds, nodal sets of Laplace eigenfunctions, geodesics in the space of K hler metrics, and partial Bergman kernels. This volume is a valuable resource for graduate students and researchers in mathematics interested in understanding microlocal analysis and learning about recent research in the area.

This book presents 29 invited articles written by participants of the International Workshop on Operator Theory and its Applications held in Chemnitz in 2017. The contributions include both expository essays and original research papers illustrating the diversity and beauty of insights gained by applying operator theory to concrete problems. The topics range from control theory, frame theory, Toeplitz and singular integral operators, Schroedinger, Dirac, and Kortweg-de Vries operators, Fourier integral operator zeta-functions, C*-algebras and Hilbert C*-modules to questions from harmonic analysis, Monte Carlo integration, Fibonacci Hamiltonians, and many more. The book offers researchers in operator theory open problems from applications that might stimulate their work and shows those from various applied fields, such as physics, engineering, or numerical mathematics how to use the potential of operator theory to tackle interesting practical problems.

This book is a liber amicorum to Professor Sergei Konstantinovich Godunov and gathers contributions by renowned scientists in honor of his 90th birthday. The contributions address those fields that Professor Godunov is most famous for: differential and difference equations, partial differential equations, equations of mathematical physics, mathematical modeling, difference schemes, advanced computational methods for hyperbolic equations, computational methods for linear algebra, and mathematical problems in continuum mechanics.

Fundamentals of Differential Equations presents the basic theory of differential equations and offers a variety of modern applications in science and engineering. Available in two versions, these flexible texts offer the instructor many choices in syllabus design, course emphasis (theory, methodology, applications, and numerical methods), and in using commercially available computer software. Fundamentals of Differential Equations, Eighth Edition is suitable for a one-semester sophomore- or junior-level course. Fundamentals of Differential Equations with Boundary Value Problems, 'Sixth Edition, contains enough material for a two-semester course that covers and builds on boundary value problems. The Boundary Value Problems version consists of the main text plus three additional chapters (Eigenvalue Problems and Sturm-Liouville Equations; Stability of Autonomous Systems; and Existence and Uniqueness Theory)

For combined differential equations and linear algebra courses teaching students who have successfully completed three semesters of calculus. This complete introduction to both differential equations and linear algebra presents a carefully balanced and sound integration of the two topics. It promotes in-depth understanding rather than rote memorization, enabling students to fully comprehend abstract concepts and leave the course with a solid foundation in linear algebra. Flexible in format, it explains concepts clearly and logically with an abundance of examples and illustrations, without sacrificing level or rigor. A vast array of problems supports the material, with varying levels from which students/instructors can choose.

This book presents the optimal auxiliary functions method and applies it to various engineering problems and in particular in boundary layer problems. The cornerstone of the presented procedure is the concept of "optimal auxiliary functions" which are needed to obtain accurate results in an efficient way. Unlike other known analytic approaches, this procedure provides us with a simple but rigorous way to control and adjust the convergence of the solutions of nonlinear dynamical systems. The optimal auxiliary functions are depending on some convergence-control parameters whose optimal values are rigorously determined from mathematical point of view. The capital strength of our procedure is its fast convergence, since after only one iteration, we obtain very accurate analytical solutions which are very easy to be verified. Moreover, no simplifying hypothesis or assumptions are made. The book contains a large amount of practical models from various fields of engineering such as classical and fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, nonlinear oscillations, electrical machines, and many more. The book is a continuation of our previous books "Nonlinear Dynamical Systems in Engineering. Some Approximate Approaches", Springer-2011 and "The Optimal Homotopy Asymptotic Method. Engineering Applications", Springer-2015.

This book provides a comprehensive and systematic approach to the study of the qualitative theory of boundedness, periodicity, and stability of Volterra difference equations. The book bridges together the theoretical aspects of Volterra difference equations with its applications to population dynamics. Applications to real-world problems and open-ended problems are included throughout. This book will be of use as a primary reference to researchers and graduate students who are interested in the study of boundedness of solutions, the stability of the zero solution, or in the existence of periodic solutions using Lyapunov functionals and the notion of fixed point theory.

Brunello Terreni (1953-2000) was a researcher and teacher with vision and dedication. The present volume is dedicated to the memory of Brunello Terreni. His mathematical interests are reflected in 20 expository articles written by distinguished mathematicians. The unifying theme of the articles is "evolution equations and functional analysis," which is presented in various and diverse forms: parabolic equations, semigroups, stochastic evolution, optimal control, existence, uniqueness and regularity of solutions, inverse problems as well as applications. Contributors: P. Acquistapace, V. Barbu, A. Briani, L. Boccardo, P. Colli Franzone, G. Da Prato, D. Donatelli, A. Favini, M. Fuhrmann, M. Grasselli, R. Illner, H. Koch, R. Labbas, H. Lange, I. Lasiecka, A. Lorenzi, A. Lunardi, P. Marcati, R. Nagel, G. Nickel, V. Pata, M. M. Porzio, B. Ruf, G. Savare, R. Schnaubelt, E. Sinestrari, H. Tanabe, H. Teismann, E. Terraneo, R. Triggiani, A. Yagi

"Nonlinear Analysis and Applications" is dedicated to Professor V. Lakshmikantham on the occasion of his 80th birthday. The volumes consist of 45 research papers from distinguished experts from a variety of research areas. Topics include monotonicity and compact methods, blow up and global existence for hyperbolic problems, dynamic systems on time scales, maximum monotone mappings, fixed point theory, quasivalued elliptic problems including mixed BVP's, impulsive and evolution inclusions, iterative processes, Morse theory, hemivariational inequalities, Navier-Stokes equations, multivalued BVP's, various aspects of control theory, integral operators, semigroup theories, modelling of real world phenomena, higher order parabolic equations, invariant measures, superlinear problems, and operator equations.

This book is a self-contained account of the method based on Carleman estimates for inverse problems of determining spatially varying functions of differential equations of the hyperbolic type by non-overdetermining data of solutions. The formulation is different from that of Dirichlet-to-Neumann maps and can often prove the global uniqueness and Lipschitz stability even with a single measurement. These types of inverse problems include coefficient inverse problems of determining physical parameters in inhomogeneous media that appear in many applications related to electromagnetism, elasticity, and related phenomena. Although the methodology was created in 1981 by Bukhgeim and Klibanov, its comprehensive development has been accomplished only recently. In spite of the wide applicability of the method, there are few monographs focusing on combined accounts of Carleman estimates and applications to inverse problems. The aim in this book is to fill that gap. The basic tool is Carleman estimates, the theory of which has been established within a very general framework, so that the method using Carleman estimates for inverse problems is misunderstood as being very difficult. The main purpose of the book is to provide an accessible approach to the methodology. To accomplish that goal, the authors include a direct derivation of Carleman estimates, the derivation being based essentially on elementary calculus working flexibly for various equations. Because the inverse problem depends heavily on respective equations, too general and abstract an approach may not be balanced. Thus a direct and concrete means was chosen not only because it is friendly to readers but also is much more relevant. By practical necessity, there is surely a wide range of inverse problems and the method delineated here can solve them. The intention is for readers to learn that method and then apply it to solving new inverse problems.

This second extended edition of the classic reference on the extension problem of holomorphic functions in pluricomplex analysis contains a wealth of additional material, organized under the original chapter structure, and covers in a self-contained way all new and recent developments and theorems that appeared since the publication of the first edition about twenty years ago.

This volume contains papers based on presentations at the "Nagoya Winter Workshop 2015: Reality and Measurement in Algebraic Quantum Theory (NWW 2015)", held in Nagoya, Japan, in March 2015. The foundations of quantum theory have been a source of mysteries, puzzles, and confusions, and have encouraged innovations in mathematical languages to describe, analyze, and delineate this wonderland. Both ontological and epistemological questions about quantum reality and measurement have been placed in the center of the mysteries explored originally by Bohr, Heisenberg, Einstein, and Schroedinger. This volume describes how those traditional problems are nowadays explored from the most advanced perspectives. It includes new research results in quantum information theory, quantum measurement theory, information thermodynamics, operator algebraic and category theoretical foundations of quantum theory, and the interplay between experimental and theoretical investigations on the uncertainty principle. This book is suitable for a broad audience of mathematicians, theoretical and experimental physicists, and philosophers of science.

This is the second volume of the two-volume book on real and complex analysis. This volume is an introduction to the theory of holomorphic functions. Multivalued functions and branches have been dealt carefully with the application of the machinery of complex measures and power series. Intended for undergraduate students of mathematics and engineering, it covers the essential analysis that is needed for the study of functional analysis, developing the concepts rigorously with sufficient detail and with minimum prior knowledge of the fundamentals of advanced calculus required. Divided into four chapters, it discusses holomorphic functions and harmonic functions, Schwarz reflection principle, infinite product and the Riemann mapping theorem, analytic continuation, monodromy theorem, prime number theorem, and Picard's little theorem. Further, it includes extensive exercises and their solutions with each concept. The book examines several useful theorems in the realm of real and complex analysis, most of which are the work of great mathematicians of the 19th and 20th centuries.

This multi-volume handbook is the most up-to-date and comprehensive reference work in the field of fractional calculus and its numerous applications. This first volume collects authoritative chapters covering the mathematical theory of fractional calculus, including fractional-order operators, integral transforms and equations, special functions, calculus of variations, and probabilistic and other aspects.

This volume contains the proceedings of the Kovalevsky symposium held in Stockholm 2000. The first part is devoted to the life of S. Kovalevsky, the first female professor of mathematics, who influenced the development of European science during the last century. Historical notes by G. Mittag-Leffler and copies of official documents related to her life as well as several articles on her life and mathematics are presented. The main articles by J.-E. BjArk describe her life and professorship at Stockholm University. Part two of the volume contains 23 contributions in pure and applied mathematics, and in mathematical physics resulting from the lectures delivered within the program of the symposium.

"Difference Equations, Second Edition," presents a practical introduction to this important field of solutions for engineering and the physical sciences. Topic coverage includes numerical analysis, numerical methods, differential equations, combinatorics and discrete modeling. A hallmark of this revision is the diverse application to many subfields of mathematics.

* Phase plane analysis for systems of two linear equations
* Use of equations of variation to approximate solutions
* Fundamental matrices and Floquet theory for periodic systems
* LaSalle invariance theorem
* Additional applications: secant line method, Bison problem, juvenile-adult population model, probability theory
* Appendix on the use of "Mathematica" for analyzing difference equaitons
* Exponential generating functions
* Many new examples and exercises

This multi-volume handbook is the most up-to-date and comprehensive reference work in the field of fractional calculus and its numerous applications. This second volume collects authoritative chapters covering the mathematical theory of fractional calculus, including ordinary and partial differential equations of fractional order, inverse problems, and evolution equations.

The Handbook of Mathematical Fluid Dynamics is a compendium of essays that provides a survey of the major topics in the subject. Each article traces developments, surveys the results of the past decade, discusses the current state of knowledge and presents major future directions and open problems. Extensive bibliographic material is provided. The book is intended to be useful both to experts in the field and to mathematicians and other scientists who wish to learn about or begin research in mathematical fluid dynamics. The Handbook illuminates an exciting subject that involves rigorous mathematical theory applied to an important physical problem, namely the motion of fluids.

This book explains the essentials of fractional calculus and demonstrates its application in control system modeling, analysis and design. It presents original research to find high-precision solutions to fractional-order differentiations and differential equations. Numerical algorithms and their implementations are proposed to analyze multivariable fractional-order control systems. Through high-quality MATLAB programs, it provides engineers and applied mathematicians with theoretical and numerical tools to design control systems. Contents Introduction to fractional calculus and fractional-order control Mathematical prerequisites Definitions and computation algorithms of fractional-order derivatives and Integrals Solutions of linear fractional-order differential equations Approximation of fractional-order operators Modelling and analysis of multivariable fractional-order transfer function Matrices State space modelling and analysis of linear fractional-order Systems Numerical solutions of nonlinear fractional-order differential Equations Design of fractional-order PID controllers Frequency domain controller design for multivariable fractional-order Systems Inverse Laplace transforms involving fractional and irrational Operations FOTF Toolbox functions and models Benchmark problems for the assessment of fractional-order differential equation algorithms

The focus of this book is on the Schatten-von Neumann properties and the product formulas of localization operators defined in terms of infinite-dimensional and square-integrable representations of locally compact and Hausdorff groups. Wavelet transforms, which are the building blocks of localization operators, are also studied in their own right. Daubechies operators on the Weyl-Heisenberg group, localization operators on the affine group, and wavelet multipliers on the Euclidean space are investigated in detail. The study is carried out in the perspective of pseudo-differential operators, quantization and signal analysis. Although the emphasis is put on locally compact and Hausdorff groups, results in the context of homogeneous spaces are given in order to unify the various localization operators into a single theory. Several new spectral results on pseudo-differential operators in the setting of localization operators are presented for the first time. The book is accessible to graduate students and mathematicians who have a basic knowledge of measure theory and functional analysis and wish to have a fast track to the frontier of research at the interface of pseudo-differential operators, quantization and signal analysis.