This timely book provides the first systematic analysis of global public procurement regulation and policy during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Through both thematic chapters and national case studies, this book: - explores the adequacy of traditional legal frameworks for emergency procurement; - examines how governments and international organisations have responded specifically to the pandemic; and - considers how the experience of the pandemic and the political impetus for reform might be leveraged to improve public procurement more broadly. Public procurement has been critical in delivering vital frontline public services both in the health sector and elsewhere, with procurement of ventilators, protective equipment and new hospitals all hitting the headlines. At the same time, procurers have faced the challenge of adjusting existing contracts to a new reality where, for example, some contracted services can no longer operate. Further, efficient and effective procurement will be an essential, and not a luxury, in the economic recovery. With case studies on Italy, the UK, the USA, India, Singapore, Africa, Latin America and China, the book brings together the world's leading academics and practitioners from across Europe, the Americas, Asia and Africa to examine these issues, providing an essential resource for policy makers, legislators, international organisations and academics.

No single-volume publication brings together as many diverse and stimulating perspectives on secured financing law as does this EE Research Handbook. Its great strengths are asking hard questions and recognizing how difficult reform is. Contributors report on what works (and what doesn't), drawing on evidence from legal systems less often studied in this context (e.g., Brazil, Morocco). I cannot imagine a researcher in the field who would not be intrigued by analysis of such issues as access of women to secured financing, constraints Shari ah places on use of security devices, and reasons for Russia's meandering path to modernization.' - Peter Winship, SMU Dedman School of Law, USThis cutting-edge Handbook presents an overview of research and thinking in the field of secured financing, examining international standards and best practices of secured transactions law reform and its economic impact. Expert contributors explore the breadth and depth of the subject matter across diverse sectors, and illustrate the choices and trade-offs that policy makers face via a number of illuminating case studies. The book explores groundbreaking research across a comprehensive range of sectors and countries, including new, original analysis of Shari'ah compliant collateral regimes and improved access to finance for women. A diverse group of experts offer cutting-edge points of view as well as case studies from England and Wales, Morocco, Russia and Romania. The result is a unique and wide-ranging examination of secured transactions reform across the world and a valuable resource for researchers, government and development agencies, banks, and law firms. Contributors: J. Armour, S. Bazinas, N. Budd, A. Burtoiu, R. Calnan, F. Dahan, M. Dubovec, L. Gullifer, I. Istuk, T. Johnson, O. Lemseffer, C. de Lima Ramos, J. Lymar, C. Manuel, M.J.T. McMillen, A.P. Menezes, M. Mourahib, E. Murray, N. Nikitina, V. Padurari, J.-H. Roever, M. Uttamchandani, K. van Zwieten, P.R. Wood

Principles of English Commercial Law provides students with a high-quality overview of this key area of English law. Drawing together updated chapters from the third edition of English Private Law, the subjects covered include the law on agency, sale of goods, carriage of goods by sea, carriage of goods by air and land, insurance, banking, bailment, security, and insolvency. Written by a team of acknowledged experts, the chapters give a clear, simple, and accurate overview of the guiding principles and rules of English commercial law, a vital topic in law degrees and on professional courses. Whether looking for an accessible, conceptual introduction to the area or a handy revision reference, students will find this book invaluable.

The Rome I Regulation applies to all EU Member States (except Denmark) in relation to 'contractual obligations in civil and commercial matters' in 'situations involving a conflict of laws' that arise out of contracts concluded from 17 December 2009. The Rome I Regulation has been described by the European Commission as 'a central element of the Community acquis in the area of civil justice'. This book is the most comprehensive work on the development of the Rome I Regulation that studies in detail the historical background, the legislative development and the teleological purpose of the Regulation. Beginning with the work that led up to the 1972 Draft Convention and the much neglected original French rapporteur's commentary, the author traces developments in the text through the 1980 Convention, highlights the legislative developments that began with the 2003 Green Paper, the Commission's 2005 Proposal and the subsequent negotiations that took place in the European Council and European Parliament that led to the final text of the Rome I Regulation itself. Particular emphasis is placed on highlighting the legislative intent reflected in the changes to the text of the draft Regulation that were made by the Civil Law Committee (Rome I) of the Council. The book marks out the borderline between the Rome I and Rome II Regulations, and considers in detail the application of the conflict-of-law rules in the Rome I Regulation to the specifically protected contracts such as consumer, insurance, carriage of passengers and individual employment contracts. It provides a primary source of reference for all readers involved in the practical interpretation of the Rome I Regulation, or who are interested in choice of law issues arising in international commercial contractual disputes.

This edited volume presents fresh empirical research on the emerging outcomes of China's law reforms. The chapters examine China's 'going out' policy by addressing the ways in which the underpinning legal reforms enable China to pursue its core interests and broad international responsibilities as a rising power. The contributors consider China's civil and commercial law reforms against the economic backdrop of an outflow of Chinese capital into strategic assets outside her own borders. This movement of capital has become an intriguing phenomenon for both ongoing economic reform and its largely unheralded underpinning law reforms. The contributors ask probing questions about doing business with China and highlight the astonishing escalation of China's outbound foreign direct investment (OFDI). Law and Policy for China's Market Socialism includes contributions from leading China-law scholars and specialist practitioners from the People's Republic of China, Hong Kong, the United States, the United Kingdom and other countries who all extend the examination of powerful influences on China's law reforms into new areas. Given the forecast for the growth of China's domestic market, those wishing to gain a better understanding and seeking success in the world's most dynamic marketplace will benefit greatly from reading this book. This book is essential reading for anyone interested in Chinese economics and business, Chinese Law, Chinese politics and commercial law.

In this new textbook, Alan Devlin explains law-and-economics theory in an accessible and straightforward manner. The book explores the relationship between law, economics and legal theory in an international context. Drawing on the neoclassical tradition of economic analysis of law, and showcasing cutting-edge behavioural economic theories relative to law, "Principles of Law and Economics "provides a comprehensive summary of the subject and demonstrates that this influential movement can transform a student s understanding of the law and how it relates to public policy.

Key features of the book include:

• Case law, directives, regulations and statistics from EU, UK and US jurisdictions, providing an international contextualisation of law and economics
• Succinct end-of-chapter summaries highlighting the essential points in each chapter to focus student learning
• Further-reading information at the end of each chapter to guide independent research
• an accessible writing style and attractive text design, which includes frequent tables and diagrams, to facilitate understanding through the clear presentation of facts and discussion

This book is ideal for introductory and intermediate courses in law and economics, as well as for advanced classes both in competition law and in intellectual property. "

In the summer of 1900, a zeppelin stayed aloft for a full eighteen minutes above Lake Constance and mankind found itself at the edge of a new world. Where many saw hope and the dawn of another era, one man saw a legal conundrum. Charles C. Moore, an obscure New York lawyer, began an inquiry that Stuart Banner returns to over a century later: in the age of airplanes, who can lay claim to the heavens?

The debate that ensued in the early twentieth century among lawyers, aviators, and the general public acknowledged the crucial challenge new technologies posed to traditional concepts of property. It hinged on the resolution of a host of broader legal issues being vigorously debated that pertained to the fine line between private and public property. To what extent did the Constitution allow the property rights of the nation s landowners to be abridged? Where did the common law of property originate and how applicable was it to new technologies? Where in the skies could the boundaries between the power of the federal government and the authority of the states be traced?

"Who Owns the Sky" is the first book to tell this forgotten story of elusive property. A collection of curious tales questioning the ownership of airspace and a reconstruction of a truly novel moment in the history of American law, Banner s book reminds us of the powerful and reciprocal relationship between technological innovation and the law in the past as well as in the present.

This book provides a systematic analysis of the law of sale of goods with reference to UK and Commonwealth authorities and relevant UK and EU legislation. With particular clarity of expression the work covers fully content, interpretation, and performance issues relating to sale of goods agreements. Aspects of consumer law are dealt with where relevant as are issues such as recoverability of damages, currency and interest. Since the last edition there has been a substantial flow of new case law which include the following selected group: Yearworth (on body fluids); Gammasonics (software); VFS Financial Services and Welcome Financial Services (on Part III of the Hire Purchase Act); Great Elephant (on a seller's s 12 liability); Force India Formula One (s.12 and recovery of money on a failure of consideration); The Mercini Lady (on risk and durability); damages decisions in the wake of The Achilleas; Kulkarni and Wincanton (on the passing of property); Samarenko (on making time of the essence); Brewer (description); McDonald (on examination and satisfactory quality); Lowe (Part 5A of the Sale of Goods Act); case law under the Consumer Protection from Unfair Trading Regulations 2008. All of these, and others, are given full treatment in this new edition. There is also a full treatment of the 2008 regulations on cancellation of contracts. The second edition also includes extended analysis of proprietary rights in bulk goods, and of fitness and quality of goods in relation to compliance with public standards. The material on consumer protection measures has been expanded in relation to liabilities of the seller and third parties. Additional material also deals with changes to the Consumer Credit Act 1974, the definition of exclusion clauses, Part III of the Hire Purchase Act 1964, time of the essence, concurrent contractual duties and suspension, waiver and election, description and general contract law, and misrepresentation and insolvency. This book provides detailed and clear treatment of problem areas and offers new lines of argument and ideas to those interpreting the law and presenting a case. This is a leading work of scholarship and an invaluable reference for all lawyers and scholars working in the field.

This book presents a thoughtful inquiry into the nature and rationale of corporate governance. The authors address fundamental questions including; What is the balance between ownership and control?; For whose interests should the company be run?; What is the institutional balance between shareholders, directors and other potential stakeholders, including the economy?Professor Dine and Dr Koutsias consider how these issues are dealt with by the jurisprudence of three major and greatly influential jurisdictions; the USA, the UK, and Germany, and also reflect on why and how the current corporate governance context in some states is defined by social, political and historical developments. The authors argue that corporate governance is crucial for the identity of each country. What is revealed in the work is that when national corporate governance is thriving it allows space for democracy to flourish. Corporate governance scholars, policy makers, LLM and LLB students of company law and corporate governance, NGOs involving issues of inequality, poverty and democracy will find this important book an insightful resource. Contents: Preface 1. Corporate Governance Global Economics: The Neo-liberalism Paradigm 2. The Reasons for Convergence and Divergence 3. The United States of America 4. The United Kingdom 5. Germany 6. Conclusion: The Importance of the Existence of National Systems of Corporate Governance References Index

European Contract Law unification projects have recently advanced from the Draft Common Frame of Reference (2009) to a European Commission proposal for an optional Common European Sales Law (2011) which is to facilitate cross-border marketing. This book investigates for the first time how CESL and DCFR rules would interact with various aspects of domestic law, represented by English and German law. Nineteen chapters, co-authored by British and German scholars, examine such interface issues for eg pre-contractual relationships, notions of contract, formation, interpretation, and remedies, extending to non-discrimination, third parties, transfers or rights, aspects of property law, and collective proceedings. They go beyond a critical analysis of CESL and DCFR rules by demonstrating where and how CESL rules would interact with neighbouring areas of English and German law before English and German courts, how domestic traditions might influence the application, which aspects might motivate sellers and buyers to choose or reject CESL, and which might serve as model for national legislators. The findings are summarized in the final two chapters.

This concise and accessible guide to reinsurance law is an easy-to-read specialist reference focusing solely on reinsurance. The second edition builds on the success of the first which filled a gap in the market for an easy to use and pithy explanation of the law in this field avoiding the need to recount the whole of general insurance law. With usability and practicality in mind a number of features have been further developed in this edition. The authors have provided more guidance on areas which are undecided by the courts such as Follow the Settlements, incorporation, non-disclosure, and misrepresentation. Areas of complexity such as the role of good faith in reinsurance contracts have also been given greater coverage in this second edition. Also new to this edition is a glossary of reinsurance terms which helps to make the volume even more accessible. This book is both practical and authoritative, and is successful in isolating the key issues in reinsurance law to provide an easy and reliable reference source. It is a must-have work for all reinsurance practitioners.

This comprehensive book begins with a consideration of the nature of the general banker-customer relationship, the obligations it poses and the issues relating to the commencement of the banking relationship. It provides individuals and companies with valuable guidance when assessing the risks in their relationship with banks, and vice versa. The following chapters allow all parties to consider carefully the central issues and underlying general principles that might arise by addressing the various activities undertaken by a lender. The duty of confidentiality, lenders as fiduciaries, the lender's duty to advise borrowers on the imprudence of transactions as well as fraud, and banks as constructive trustees and damages for breach of contract by a lender are all considered. The final chapters explore the duties of security holders and mortgagees of land, the liability of lenders for receivers they appoint, environmental liability and lender liability as shadow directors concerning wrongful trading. The book outlines liability in negligence and contract, with specific reference to existing case law concerning banks in this field from an English law perspective, and also Scottish and Commonwealth law, thus providing valuable applicability to the banking context for practitioners in other fields.

As scientists and technologists discover how to engineer matter at the nanoscale in increasingly sophisticated ways, conventional approaches to ensuring safe use are being brought into question. Nanotechnologies are challenging traditional regulatory regimes; but they are also prompting new thinking on developing and using emerging technologies safely. In this Handbook, leading international authors from industry, government, non-governmental organisations and academia examine the complex and often controversial regulatory challenges presented by nanotechnologies. Across several disciplinary boundaries, they explore how the future regulatory landscape may evolve. From the Europe Union to the United States, workplaces to personal products, and statutory instruments through to softer approaches, it is clear that considerable vigilance will be needed in governing these powerful and novel technologies. To succeed, society will need new thinking, new partnerships and new mechanisms to balance the benefits of these technologies against their possible downsides. Anything less will prompt cries of illegitimacy and potentially compromise a promising new realm of technology innovation.

Multi-Sided Music Platforms and the Law explores the legal and regulatory frameworks surrounding copyright protection, competition and privacy concerns arising from the way multi-sided platforms use copyright-protected content in digital advertising. This book suggests how stakeholders in Africa, and their advisors, may ingenuously reform and apply various legal and regulatory frameworks to address these issues which arise from the manner in which multi-sided platforms use copyright-protected content in digital advertising. The book critically engages with the regulatory efforts in other jurisdictions, particularly the EU, with a view to bringing an African perspective to the debate and practice. It undertakes a consideration of this issue by asking how multi-sided platforms may be deployed in a manner that continues innovative uses of copyright content while protecting the economic freedom of African copyright owners as small businesses. Providing the first pro-Africa approach to the regulation of multi-sided platforms, particularly with reference to music, this book focuses on key aspects of digital commercial activity and highlights the main challenges and opportunities for its regulation. It will be of interest to lawyers, policymakers and students across Nigeria, South Africa, and internationally among the African Union, European Union and beyond. .

By providing a private international law analysis of a field in which international conventions coexist with national law and regional law, this book offers different theoretical and methodological insights into the conflict of laws and the conflict of jurisdictions, aiming ultimately at the juridical continuity of legal relations across national borders. Central to the book is the jurisdictional function of arrest of ships. Forum arresti-the paradigmatic forum selection criterion in English and Scots law-has survived so far as a specific jurisdictional basis for maritime claims in the process of Europeanization of private international law. One of the main purposes of this book is to provide a theoretical framework within which forum arresti in the case of the arrest of ships gains legitimacy. It proposes a positive approach to jurisdictional issues through the lenses of international judicial co-operation and provides a theoretical justification for the triumph of forum arresti in the international maritime context where traditionally this has been justified by historical and practical reasons. Considering the the topic in the context of the Europeanization of private international law and the Brussels I Regulation, this book includes valuable insight into theories of characterisation as applied to uniform provisions such as the International Arrest Conventions, and challenges the indistinctive characterisation of the arrest of ships as an inherent part of the action in rem in English law. This is a scholarly analysis offering an expert perspective on the arrest of ships in the international commercial sphere to draw conclusions on the advancement of further harmonisation in this field. Through its focus on English and Scots law in the light of international conventions, this book provides a framework which will give practical answers to the many complex private international law issues that arise in relation to the arrest of ships.

The Independence Principle of Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees offers a comprehensive and authoritative analysis of the principle of independence, a fundamental element of Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees. It examines the key issues involved in the practical application of this principle and the increasing exceptions to it, including a detailed account of the rules in this area. Beginning with an elementary account of the law of Letters of Credit and Demand Guarantees, the following chapters guide practitioners on the parameters of the Independence Principle. It will discuss the limitations of the principle, and assess whether new exceptions should be introduced. With English law and practice as the main focus of the work, comparisons to other major common law jurisdictions (including Australia, Canada, USA and Singapore) will be made where relevant and instructive. The landscape of the law in this area has changed markedly as a result of judicial decisions within the last five years,and revisions of the ICC Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (2007) and ICC Uniform Rules for Demand Guarantees (2010). The fully updated analysis takes into account all the important developments that have taken place in this field in recent years and will prove a valuable reference tool to practitioners and academics alike.

Contract Formation and Parties presents a collection of current thinking on the central themes of contract formation and parties. The eighth volume in the Oxford-Norton Rose Law series the chapters originate from papers presented at the colloquium held in September 2009. The Oxford-Norton Rose Law colloquia bring together practitioners and academics to examine and discuss an area of commercial law central to both communities.
The book begins with an introduction by the editors which draws out the central features of the discussions at the colloquium and includes a foreword by Lord Justice Longmore. It is then structured around these two primary themes of the colloquium and includes contributions from eminent academics.

This pack includesThe Rome II Regulation and a brand new updating supplement which brings the main work up to date and incorporates substantive developments since publication of the book in December 2008.
The main work, The Rome II Regulation: The Law Applicable to Non-Contractual Obligations has become a major reference work to practitioners as it provides the first user-friendly article-by-article commentary to the Regulation. It considers related issues, such as the vires of the "Rome II Regulation" and its relationship to other EC instruments creating or affecting rules of private international law.
The brand new updating supplement updates the main work and draws attention to legislation implementing the Regulation in the United Kingdom, incorporates recent ECJ cases concerning other EC private international law instruments and new decisions of the English courts concerning the pre-Regulation rules of applicable law, and to recent books and journal articles providing further colour to the picture surrounding the Regulation since its adoption in January 2009. It maintains the currency of the main work and is an essential purchase for commercial law practitioners, academics and students with a special interest in cross-border issues.

This book is the first to provide an extensive analysis of the range of defences to payment under letters of credit and demand guarantees.
It considers the extent to which different defences undermine the abstraction of these instruments. This is a fundamental issue, since letters of credit and demand guarantees are designed to be abstract, or autonomous, from the underlying contract that called for their use. The purpose of that abstraction is to provide certainty of payment, but the various defences diminish that certainty. The book examines the spectrum of defences that are frequently litigated and debated in international practice: fraud in the documents, nullity, fraud affecting deferred payment letters of credit, fraud as no honest belief, unconscionable conduct and illegality. Vitally, the book provides analysis of the relevant judicial decisions and offers clear practical guidance on which defences are most suitable for each instrument.
As the instruments are heavily used in international trade, this work is particularly suited to financial and commercial law practitioners who draft agreements, as well as those who advise on disputes concerning these instruments. Accessible and engaging, the book is also relevant for academics and students.

This work gives a practical overview of the legal aspects of the Free Movement of Goods and the working of the Customs Union within the European Union and their interpretation and application by the Court of Justice of the European Communities. The essential purpose of the free movement of goods and customs provisions of the EC Treaty is to contribute to the establishment of a common market that will ensure, among other things, free trade in goods between member states. The free movement of goods is the primary pillar on which the internal market within the European Community - the heart of the EU - is based.
This book analyzes the operation of the customs union, with detailed treatment of the Community Customs Code and its implementing and associated measures. It also discusses the elimination of customs duties and charges having equivalent effect, and the elimination of quantitative restrictions and measures having equivalent effect in trade between Member States. It concludes with coverage of state monopolies of a commercial character, and the nuclear common market.
It derives from a section in the looseleaf Law of the EU (Vaughan & Robertson, eds), and is made available here for the benefit of those who do not subscribe to the looseleaf.