This text provides techniques for use in determining electromagnetic fields in layered dielectric media. It contains problem sets and practical examples and solutions as well as a simplified method for approaching problems. This book is aimed at research engineers, scientists and graduate students specializing in printed circuits and antennas.

Wireless Sensor Network Technologies for Information Explosion Era The amount and value of information available due to rapid spread of information technology is exploding. Typically, large enterprises have approximately a petabyte of operational data stored in hundreds of data repositories supporting thousands of applications. Data storage volumes grow in excess of 50% annually. This growth is expected to continue due to vast proliferation of existing infor- tion systems and the introduction of new data sources. Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) represent one of the most notable examples of such new data sources. In recent few years, various types of WSNs have been deployed and the amount of information generated by wireless sensors increases rapidly. The information - plosion requires establishing novel data processing and communication techniques for WSNs. This volume aims to cover both theoretical and practical aspects - lated to this challenge, and it explores directions for future research to enable ef- cient utilization of WSNs in the information-explosion era. The book is organized in three main parts that consider (1) technical issues of WSNs, (2) the integration of multiple WSNs, and (3) the development of WSNs systems and testbeds for conducting practical experiments. Each part consists of three chapters.

This book collects selected papers from the 28th Conference of Spacecraft TT&C Technology in China held on November 8-10, 2016. The book features state-of-the-art studies on spacecraft TT&C in China with the theme of "Openness, Integration and Intelligent Interconnection". To meet requirements of new space endeavors, development of spacecraft instrumentation systems have to follow an open concept and approach in China. An open spacecraft instrumentation system encompasses integrated development of different types of services, integration of disciplines and specialties, intelligent links, and more scientific and intelligent information interface technology. Researchers and engineers in the field of aerospace engineering and communication engineering can benefit from the book.

Graph Embedding for Pattern Recognition covers theory methods, computation, and applications widely used in statistics, machine learning, image processing, and computer vision. This book presents the latest advances in graph embedding theories, such as nonlinear manifold graph, linearization method, graph based subspace analysis, L1 graph, hypergraph, undirected graph, and graph in vector spaces. Real-world applications of these theories are spanned broadly in dimensionality reduction, subspace learning, manifold learning, clustering, classification, and feature selection. A selective group of experts contribute to different chapters of this book which provides a comprehensive perspective of this field.

This text describes the design and theory of continuous-time sigma-delta modulators for analogue-to-digital conversion in radio receivers. The book's main focus is on dynamic range, linearity and power efficiency aspects of sigma-delta modulators, which are very important requirements for use in battery operated receivers.

This practical new resource gives you a comprehensive understanding of the design and deployment of transmission networks for wireless applications. From principles and design, to equipment procurement, project management, testing, and operation, it's a practical, hands-on engineering guide with numerous real-life examples of turn-key operations in the wireless networking industry. This book, written for both technical and non-technical professionals, helps you deal with the costs and difficulties involved in setting up the local access with technologies that are still in the evolutionary stage.

Optical networks have moved from laboratory settings and theoretical research to real-world deployment and service-oriented explorations. New technologies such as Ethernet PON, traffic grooming, regional and metropolitan network architectures and optical packet switching are being explored, and the landscape is continuously and rapidly evolving. Some of the important issues involving these new technologies involve the architectural, protocol, and performance related issues. This book addresses many of these issues and presents a birds eye view of some of the more promising technologies. Researchers and those pursuing advanced degrees in this field will be able to see where progress is being made and new technologies are emerging.

Emerging Optical Network Technologies: Architectures, Protocols and Performance provides state-of-the-art material written by the most prominent professionals in their respective areas.

Vehicle accidents on the roads and highways occur every minute of every day, most often resulting in a loss of life or property damage. With advancing technology, vehicle infrastructure integration can increase road safety and transport efficiency through wireless sensor communications and other systems. These recent developments can bring inestimable economic value and will play a role in the next generation of vehicle products and traffic safety. Global Advancements in Connected and Intelligent Mobility: Emerging Research and Opportunities is an essential reference source that discusses the recent advances, safety, and efficiency in connected vehicles, as well as the next generation of communication network development. Featuring research on topics such as vehicular networks, telematics, and context-aware intelligence, this book is ideally designed for policymakers, traffic safety specialists, traffic control technicians, auto technicians, planning agencies, environmental managers, standardization governors, academicians, students, researchers, and industry practitioners seeking coverage on intelligent transportation systems.

In this book the author examines 60 GHz and conventional UWB. The book introduces the fundamentals, architectures, and applications of unified ultra wideband devices. The material includes both theory and practice and introduces ultra wideband communication systems and their applications in a systematic manner. The material is written to enable readers to design, analyze, and evaluate UWB communication systems.

The Handbook of Antennas for EMC provides a thorough overview of both the practical and theoretical aspects of antennas in EMC systems and helps you improve your understanding of the nature and uses of antennas in these systems. The treatment throughout is sensitive to the needs of the practicing engineer, providing summaries of the underlying mathematics, while avoiding the theoretical emphasis that characterizes much of the existing literature.

Signal Recovery Techniques for Image and Video Compression and Transmission establishes a bridge between the fields of signal recovery and image and video compression. Traditionally these fields have developed separately because the problems they examined were regarded as very different, and the techniques used appear unrelated. Recently, though, there is growing consent among the research community that the two fields are quite closely related. Indeed, in both fields the objective is to reconstruct the best possible signal from limited information. The field of signal recovery, which is relatively mature, has long been associated with a wealth of powerful mathematical techniques such as Bayesian estimation and the theory of projects onto convex sets (to name just two). This book illustrates for the first time in a complete volume how these techniques can be brought to bear on the very important problems of image and video compression and transmission. Signal Recovery Techniques for Image and Video Compression and Transmission, which is written by leading practitioners in both fields, is one of the first references that addresses this approach and serves as an excellent information source for both researchers and practicing engineers.

Offers a well-rounded, mathematical approach to problems in signal interpretation using the latest time, frequency, and mixed-domain methods
* Equally useful as a reference, an up-to-date review, a learning tool, and a resource for signal analysis techniques
* Provides a gradual introduction to the mathematics so that the less mathematically adept reader will not be overwhelmed with instant hard analysis
* Covers Hilbert spaces, complex analysis, distributions, random signals, analog Fourier transforms, and more

This book contains a collection of selected works stemming from the 2013 International Conference on Sensing Technology (ICST), which was held in Wellington, New Zealand. The purpose of the book is to distill the highlights of the conference, and therefore track the latest developments in sensing technologies. The book contents are broad, since sensors can be applied in many different areas. Therefore the book gives a broad overview of the latest developments, in addition to discussing the process through which researchers go through in order to develop sensors, or related systems, which will become more widespread in the future. The book is written for academic and industry professionals working in the field of sensing, instrumentation and related fields, and is positioned to give a snapshot of the current state of the art in sensing technology, particularly from the applied perspective.

Comprehensively covers protein subcellular localization from single-label prediction to multi-label prediction, and includes prediction strategies for virus, plant, and eukaryote species. Three machine learning tools are introduced to improve classification refinement, feature extraction, and dimensionality reduction.

The quality of telecommunication voice services has become an important issue due to the evolving and liberalized market. With the advent of new technologies, however, a diversification takes place which makes it necessary to carefully plan and observe network quality. Speech communication quality - as it is perceived by the user or customer of a service - carries a multidimensional nature, a fact which must be reflected in its assessment and prediction with quality models. In this book a new schematic is developed which classifies different entities contributing to the quality of a service. It takes into account conversational user as well as service-related contributions. Starting from this concept, perceptively relevant constituents of speech communication quality are identified. A simulation model is developed and implemented, based on physical elements of the transmission configuration. It allows the perceptively most relevant parameters to be simulated, in real time and for the conversation situation. The book gives a valuable overview on assessment needed for reliably measuring the different quality dimensions. For the planning of telephone networks, quality models are presented which aim at predicting mouth-to-ear quality as it would be perceived by a user of the system. These models are an important tool for the planner of telecommunication networks, as they allow the expected quality to be estimated in advance, even before the network has been set up. Two well-known models (the SUBMOD and the E-model) are analyzed in more detail, with an emphasis on the psychoacoustic and psychophysical backgrounds. It turns out that model predictions are satisfactory for many types ofdegradations, but they can still be improved especially for new types of impairments. Proposals are made for quality model enhancement and combined approaches. Due to its handbook' character, this book is an invaluable source of background information for anyone working in the field of speech quality assessment as well as telephone network planning and operation.

Software Defined Radio makes wireless communications easier, more efficient, and more reliable. This book bridges the gap between academic research and practical implementation. When beginning a project, practicing engineers, technical managers, and graduate students can save countless hours by considering the concepts presented in these pages.The author covers the myriad options and trade-offs available when selecting an appropriate hardware architecture.As demonstrated here, the choice between hardware- and software-centric architecture can mean the difference between meeting an aggressive schedule and bogging down in endless design iterations.Because of the author's experience overseeing dozens of failed and successful developments, he is able to present many real-life examples.Some of the key concepts covered are: Choosing the right architecture for the market - laboratory, military, or commercial, Hardware platforms - FPGAs, GPPs, specialized and hybrid devices, Standardization efforts to ensure interoperability and portabilitym State-of-the-art components for radio frequency, mixed-signal, and baseband processing.

The text requires only minimal knowledge of wireless communications; whenever possible, qualitative arguments are used instead of equations.An appendix provides a quick overview of wireless communications and introduces most of the concepts the readers will need to take advantage of the material.An essential introduction to SDR, this book is sure to be an invaluable addition to any technical bookshelf."

Describes the technological solutions and standards which will enable the migration of voice and SMS services over to LTE/EPC networks Main drivers for the introduction of Long Term Evolution of UTRAN (LTE) is to provide far better end user experience for mobile broadband services. However, service providers also need to have a clear strategy of how to offer voice and messaging services for consumers and enterprises. The voice service over LTE is becoming increasingly important when the smartphone penetration is increasing rapidly. Smartphones require both good quality voice and high speed broadband data. This book provides the exhaustive view to industry-approved technologies and standards behind the Voice over LTE (VoLTE). Whether a decision maker or technology analyst, this book explains a topic of substantial global market interest. It provides a good introduction to the technology and is useful for operators who may be deploying VoLTE, product managers responsible for VoLTE products and those who work in implementation and standardization of related technologies. * Provides a comprehensive overview of industry-approved technologies and standards, providing vital information for decision makers and those working on the technology * Written by authors working at the cutting edge of mobile communications technology today, bringing a mix of standards and product background, guaranteeing in-depth practical and standards information * Covering the technical and practical elements of VoLTE, explaining the various approaches for providing voice services over LTE

There can be no doubt that mobile technologies are here to stay. Global mobile traffic grew 74 percent in 2015 alone, with 563 million devices and connections added -- most of them tablets and Smartphones. This growth has been 4000-fold in the past 10 years and 400 million-fold in the past 15 years (Cisco, 2016). Mobile technologies permeate the lives of 21st century citizens as mainstays of organizational and institutional day-to-day operations, commerce, and communication and as tools used to support individuals' personal, social, and career responsibilities. In both the corporate and educational worlds, e- and m-learning and marketing with mobile technologies are moving forward at breakneck speed with, in many cases, a blurring of traditional sector boundaries. As neither the technology nor the uses are static, exploring practices and policies that underpin this quickly shifting mobile technology context is crucial for ensuring its intelligent, purposeful, and equitable use. This edited book provides a venue for researchers to share their work on mobile learning with a focus on uses for mobiles in informal settings and PK-20 classrooms, language learning, mobile gaming, leadership and policy issues, and what mobile learning in the future may be. It assists researchers and educators to consider and answer questions such as: What is "mobilelearning" today? How can mobiles be used to enable learning? How is mobile learning crossing or connecting economic, social, and/or cultural sectors? How do specific cultural practices with media influence mobile learning (e.g., youth practices, educator practices, parent practices, community practices)? What are policy and leadership implications in supporting mobile learning? What policies, practices, and/or pedagogical approaches are necessary to move forward with mobiles in schools or universities? In what ways is mobile learning impacting education; including how students learn and teachers teach? What will/ should/might mobile learning look like in the future?

Telecommunications - central to our daily lives - continues to change dramatically. These changes are the result of technological advances, deregulation, the proliferation of broadband service offers, and the spectacular popularity of the Internet and wireless services. In such adynamic technological and economic environment, competition is increasing among service providers and among equipment manufacturers. Consequently, optimization of the planning process is becoming essential. Although telecommunications network planning has been tackled by the Operations Research community for some time, many fundamental problems remain challenging. Through its fourteen chapters, this book covers some new and some still challenging older problems which arise in the planning of telecommunication networks. Telecommunications Network Planning will benefit both telecommunications practitioners looking for efficient methods to solve their problems and operations researchers interested in telecommunications. The book examines network design and dimensioning problems; it explores Operation Research issues related to a new standard Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM); it overviews problems that arise when designing survivable SDH/SONET Networks; it considers some broadband network problems; and it concludes with three chapters on wireless and mobile networks. Leading area researchers have contributed their recent research on the telecommunications and network topics treated in the volume.

Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) is an automatic identification method, relying on storing and remotely retrieving data using devices called RFID tags or transponders. An RFID tag is a small object that can be attached to or incorporated into a product, animal or person. RFID tag contains antenna to enable it to receive and respond to Radio-Frequency (RF) queries from an RFID reader or interrogator. Passive tags require no internal power source, whereas active tags require a power source. As of today (2005), the ubiquitous computing and ambient intelligence ideas are making their way. In order for these to become a reality, a number of key technologies are required. Briey, these technologies need to be sensitive, responsive, interconnected, contextualised, transparent and intelligent. RFID is such a technology and more particularly passive RFID tags. But, in order to deliver the necessary characteristics that could trigger ambient intelligence, there are some challenges that need to be addressed. Remote powering of the tags is probably the most important. that allows the RF signal to be converted to Direct Current (DC) are in pole position. Secondly, the communication link and the reader should be optimized. The RF signal that contains the tag data suffers from a power of four decay with the distance between tag and reader. As a result, both the reader sensitivity and the tag backscattered power efficiency have to be maximized. Long-range powering, as well as sufficient communication quality, are the guidelines of this work. This research project proposes a linear two-port model for an N-stage modified-Greinacher full wave rectifier. It predicts the overall conversion efficiency at low power levels where the diodes are operating near their threshold voltage. The output electrical behavior of the rectifier is calculated as a function of the received power and the antenna parameters. Moreover, the two-port parameters values are computed for particular input voltages and output currents for the complete N-stage rectifier circuit using only the measured I-V and C-V characteristics of a single diode. impedance modulation at the tag side affects the signal at the reader. The method allows the tag designer to efficiently predict the effect of modulator design at system level and gives an useful instrument to choose the most appropriate impedances. Finally, the design of a fully integrated remotely powered and addressable RFID tag working at 2.45 GHz is described. The achieved operating range at 4 W Effective Isotropically Radiated Power (EIRP) reader transmit power is 12 m. The Integrated Circuit (IC) is implemented in a 0.5 silicon-on-sapphire technology. A state of the art rectifier design achieving 37 per cent of global efficiency is embedded to supply energy to the transponder. Inductive matching and a folded-dipole antenna are key elements to achieve these performances. Thenecessary input power to operate the transponder is about 2.7.

Advanced Wired and Wireless Networks brings the reader a sample of recent research efforts representative of advances in the areas of recognized importance for the future Internet, such as ad hoc networking, mobility support and performance improvements in advanced networks and protocols.

Advanced Wired and Wireless Networks is structured to meet the needs of a professional audience in industry, as well as graduate-level students in computer science and engineering.

This book presents the proceedings of the 2nd EAI International Conference on Technology, Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Education (TIE' 2018), which took place at Ravensbourne University London, London, UK, on September 4, 2018. The central theme of the conference is emerging technologies in relation to business, education, social and political needs that make modern society flourish. The proceedings feature papers from a cross-disciplinary audience that explore the process of creativity and innovation. The goal is that the various disciplines can learn from each other and see how they might benefit from the cross-fertilization of practices.

The broadband wireless communications field is growing at an explosive rate, stimulated by a host of important emerging applications ranging from 3G, 4G and wireless LAN. Wideband CDMA and CDMA2000 will be used for 3G. OFDM+CDMA might be a good choice for 4G, CDMA overlay will possibly be used for new-generation broadband wireless LAN. For system planners and designers, the projections of rapidly escalating demand for such wireless services present major challenges and meeting these challenges will require sustained technical innovation on many fronts. The text of this book has been developed through years of research by the author and his graduate students at the University of Hong Kong. The aim of this book is to provide a R&D perspective on the field of broadband wireless communications by describing the recent research developments in this area and also by identifying key directions in which further research is needed. As a background, I presume that the reader has a thorough understanding of digital communications and spread spectrum/CDMA. The book is arranged into 13 chapters. In chapter 1, some key specifications of 3G WCDMA are described and discussed. These techniques include channel coding, rate matching, modulation and spreading, power control, cell search, transmit diversity, soft-handoff, and so son. In Chapter 2, the coherent RAKE reception of Wideband CDMA signals with complex spreading is considered. A dedicated pilot channel, which is separate from data channels, is used for the purpose of channel estimation.