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Books > Social sciences > Warfare & defence > Defence strategy, planning & research
The Routledge Handbook on Israeli Security provides an
authoritative survey of both the historical roots of Israel's
national security concerns and their principal contemporary
expressions. Following an introduction setting out its central
themes, the Handbook comprises 27 independent chapters, all written
by experts in their fields, several of whom possess first-hand
diplomatic and/or military experience at senior levels. An
especially noteworthy feature of this volume is the space allotted
to analyses of the impact of security challenges not just on
Israel's diplomatic and military postures (nuclear as well as
conventional) but also on its cultural life and societal behavior.
Specifically, it aims to fulfill three principal needs. The first
is to illustrate the dynamic nature of Israel's security concerns
and the ways in which they have evolved in response to changes in
the country's diplomatic and geo-strategic environment, changes
that have been further fueled by technological, economic and
demographic transformations; Second, the book aims to examine how
the evolving character of Israel's security challenges has
generated multiple - and sometimes conflicting - interpretations of
the very concept of "security", resulting in a series of dialogues
both within Israeli society and between Israelis and their friends
and allies abroad; Finally, it also discusses how areas of private
and public life elsewhere considered inherently "civilian" and
unrelated to security, such as artistic and cultural institutions,
nevertheless do mirror the broader legal, economic and cultural
consequences of this Israeli preoccupation with national security.
This comprehensive and up-to-date collection of studies provides an
authoritative and interdisciplinary guide to both the dynamism of
Israel's security dilemmas and to their multiple impacts on Israeli
society. In addition to its insights and appeal for all people and
countries forced to address the security issue in today's world,
this Handbook is a valuable resource for upper-level undergraduates
and researchers with an interest in the Middle East and Israeli
politics, international relations and security studies.
Based primarily upon information from the UK Special Branch
Counterterrorism Unit, Policing Terrorism: Research Studies into
Police Counterterrorism Investigations takes you through the
mechanics of a counterterrorism investigation. A combination of
legal and empirical research, this entry in the Advances in Police
Theory and Practice book series examines subjects that include
surveillance, intelligence gathering, and informants. It also
addresses practical obstacles in counterterrorist investigations.
The first section of the book conducts a comparative study of laws
governing terrorist investigations in the UK, US, Canada, and
Australia. It compares the legal definition of terrorism in each
country and how it has been incorporated into the statutes
regarding terrorism-except in the case of the US, which has not
established a definition of terrorism. The book locates
similarities in the legal jurisdictions of cooperating countries
and discusses how legal gaps can create difficulties for
international cooperation. The second section contains empirical
studies on practical aspects of terrorist investigations and the
activities of terrorist organizations. It evaluates operational
officers' discretion in using the powers granted to them and
analyzes terrorist organizations' methods in radicalizing and
recruiting people to their causes. It also explores the critical
role of informants in gathering intelligence, covering a broad
range of issues including integrity, risk assessment, ethics of
handling informants, police interrogation of suspects, and the use
of informants at trial. With many governments currently at a high
threat level, increased international cooperation among
counterterrorism agencies is imperative. Policing Terrorism
presents several pathways to generating more effective cooperation.
It provides you with information on factors that help or hurt
cooperation while suggesting what can be done to improve current
counterterrorist laws and practices.
Systematically analyses the impact of external military crises on
Japanese security policy expansion in the post-Cold War period.
Focuses on the widening of Japan's security posture in external
security affairs and investigates the causes of this critical
change Identifies the external military crisis as a critical
determinant of change in Japanese security policy Unpacks the deep
structures within the Japanese decision-making processes,
especially during and after military crises Examines five key
military crises in detail: the 1990-1 Persian Gulf War; the 1994
North Korean Nuclear Crisis; the 1996 Taiwan Straits Crisis, the
1998 Taepodong Crisis; and 2001 September 11 attacks that led to
the US-led war against terrorism in Afghanistan and Iraq Draws on
over 70 interviews the author has conducted with officials, former
officials, and academics in universities and think tanks in Japan,
the United States, South Korea and Singapore, including officials
who were directly involved in the crisis decision-making process
This book is a detailed study of the role that external military
crises played in the development and growth of Japanese security
policies in the period following the end of the Cold War. This
evolution can be seen in the widened role of the Self-Defence Force
(SDF) in shaping Japan's security priorities, as well as its
proactive contribution to regional/ international security.
Focusing on four key case studies - international peacekeeping in
1992, regional defence in 1997-99, global missions in 2003-05, and
collective self-defence in 2014-15 - the author argues that the
Japanese security policymaking elite achieved security policy
expansion by utilizing external military crises as policy windows,
inflating and deflating threat elements to circumvent the
constraints and justify the implementation of security policy
initiatives.
In General Naval Tactics, Naval War College professor and renowned
tactical expert Milan Vego describes and explains those aspects of
naval tactics most closely related to the human factor.
Specifically, he explains in some detail the objectives and
methods/elements of tactical employment of naval forces, command
and control, combat support, tactical design, decision-making and
planning/execution, leadership, doctrine, and training. Vego
derives certain commonalities of naval tactics that occurred in
recent and distant wars at sea. Many parts of his theoretical
constructs are based on works of a number of well-known and
influential naval theoreticians such as Admirals Alfred T. Mahan,
Bradley A. Fiske, Raoul Castex, and Ren?® Daveluy and influential
naval theoreticians. Whenever possible, the author illustrates each
aspect of theory by carefully selected examples from naval
history--making the theory more understandable and interesting.
Vego aims to present theory that is general in nature and
therefore, more durable in its validity. The more general the
theory, the greater the possibility of accommodating changes based
on new interpretations of past events and as a result of gaining
fresh insight from the lessons learned.
This book examines the evolution of Russia s security policy
under Putin in the 21st century, using a critical security studies
approach.
Drawing on critical approaches to security the book investigates
the interrelationship between the internal-external nexus and the
politics of (in)security and regime-building in Putin s Russia. In
so doing, it evaluates the way that this evolving relationship
between state identities and security discourses framed the
construction of individual security policies, and how, in turn,
individual issues can impact on the meta-discourses of state and
security agendas. To this end, the (de)securitisation discourses
and practices towards the issue of Chechnya are examined as a case
study.
In so doing, this study has wider implications for how we read
Russia as a security actor through an approach that emphasises the
importance of taking into account its security culture, the
interconnection between internal/external security priorities and
the dramatic changes that have taken place in Russia s conceptions
of itself, national and security priorities and conceptualisation
of key security issues, in this case Chechnya. These aspects of
Russia s security agenda remain somewhat of a neglected area of
research, but, as argued in this book, offer structuring and
framing implications for how we understand Russia s position
towards security issues, and perhaps those of rising powers more
broadly.
This book will be of much interest to students of Russian
security, critical security studies and IR."
Japan's U.S.-imposed postwar constitution renounced the use of
offensive military force, but, as Sheila Smith shows, a nuclear
North Korea and an increasingly assertive China have the Japanese
rethinking that commitment, and their reliance on United States
security. Japan has one of Asia's most technologically advanced
militaries and yet struggles to use its hard power as an instrument
of national policy. The horrors of World War II continue to haunt
policymakers in Tokyo, while China and South Korea remain wary of
any military ambitions Japan may entertain. Yet a fundamental shift
in East Asian geopolitics has forced Japan to rethink the
commitment to pacifism it made during the U.S. occupation. It has
increasingly flexed its muscles-deploying troops under UN auspices,
participating in coercive sanctions, augmenting surveillance
capabilities, and raising defense budgets. Article Nine of Japan's
constitution, drafted by U.S. authorities in 1946, claims that the
Japanese people "forever renounce the use of force as a means of
settling international disputes." When Prime Minister Shinzo Abe
broke this taboo by advocating revision of Article Nine, public
outcry was surprisingly muted. The military, once feared as a
security liability, now appears to be an indispensable asset,
called upon with increasing frequency and given a seat at the
policymaking table. In Japan Rearmed Sheila Smith argues that Japan
is not only responding to increasing threats from North Korean
missiles and Chinese maritime activities but also reevaluating its
dependence on the United States. No longer convinced that they can
rely on Americans to defend Japan, Tokyo's political leaders are
now confronting the possibility that they may need to prepare the
nation's military for war.
This book examines US military bases across the globe including
those in Latin America, Europe, and Asia. It documents the massive
political, economic and environmental impacts that these outposts
have and studies the movements and campaigns against them.US
Military bases form a huge global system but are poorly understood
by those not directly involved in their operation. The Pentagon is
currently relocating many bases to fit with the strategies of
pre-emption and resource control and this has intensified existing
conflicts between the military and local people. The authors of
this volume show how these seemingly local disputes are crucial to
the success and failure of the American imperial project, and
attempt to bring together the geographically scattered opposition
movements to form a coherent campaign against the harmful effects
of bases.A key title for students of anthropology and politics,
this collection will also open the eyes of US citizens to the
damage the American empire causes in allied countries as well as in
its war zones.
This book undertakes an in-depth examination of the diversity in
international approaches to the navy-coastguard nexus. It considers
the evolving global maritime security landscape and the emergence
and proliferation of maritime law enforcement agencies-collectively
referred to here as "coastguards"-performing peacetime constabulary
duties alongside navies. Through a cross-regional study of various
countries worldwide, including those in Asia and Europe, this book
reveals that there is no one optimal, "one size fits all"
organizational structure. Instead, there is a wide array of drivers
that influence a nation-state's maritime security architecture and
its organizational approach to managing security at sea, or broadly
speaking, securing its national maritime interests.
Examining major terrorist acts and campaigns undertaken in the
decade following September 11, 2001, internationally recognized
scholars study the involvement of global terrorist leaders and
organizations in these incidents and the planning, organization,
execution, recruitment, and training that went into them. Their
work captures the changing character of al-Qaeda and its affiliates
since the invasions of Afghanistan and Iraq and the sophisticated
elements that, despite the West's best counterterrorism efforts,
continue to exert substantial direction over jihadist terrorist
operations. Through case studies of terrorist acts and offensives
occurring both in and outside the West, the volume's contributors
investigate al-Qaeda and other related entities as they adapted to
the strategies of Operation Enduring Freedom and subsequent
U.S.-led global counterterrorism programs. They explore whether
Osama bin Laden was indeed reduced to a mere figurehead before his
death or continued to influence al-Qaeda's global activities. Did
al-Qaeda become a loose collection of individuals and ideas
following its expulsion from Afghanistan, or was it reborn as a
transnational terrorist structure powered by a well-articulated
ideology? What is the preeminent terrorist threat we face today,
and what will it look like in the future? This anthology pinpoints
the critical patterns and strategies that will inform
counterterrorism in the coming decades.
'Wonderful ... among military historians, Roberts is Britain's
crown gem' Wall Street Journal Taking us from the French Revolution
to the Cold War and the Falklands, celebrated historian Andrew
Roberts presents us with a bracingly honest and insightful look at
nine major figures in modern history: Napoleon Bonaparte, Horatio
Nelson, Winston Churchill, Adolf Hitler, Joseph Stalin, George C.
Marshall, Charles de Gaulle, Dwight D. Eisenhower and Margaret
Thatcher. Each of these leaders fundamentally shaped the outcome of
the war their nation was embroiled in. How were they alike, and in
what ways did they differ? Was their war leadership unique, or did
these leaders have something in common, traits and techniques that
transcend time and place and can be applied to the fundamental
nature of conflict? Meticulously researched and compellingly
written, Leadership in War presents readers with fresh, complex
portraits of leaders who approached war with different tactics and
different weapons, but with the common goal of success in the face
of battle. Both inspiring and cautionary, these portraits offer
important lessons on leadership in times of struggle. With his
trademark verve and incisive observation, Roberts reveals the
qualities that doom even the most promising leaders to failure, and
the qualities that lead to victory.
This edited volume analyses siege warfare as a discrete type of
military engagement, in the face of which civilians are
particularly vulnerable. Siege warfare is a form of combat that has
usually had devastating effects on civilian populations. From the
near-contemporary Siege of Sarajevo to the real and mythical sieges
of the ancient Mediterranean, this has been a recurring type of
military engagement which, through bombardment, starvation, disease
and massacre, places non-combatants at the heart of battle. To
date, however, there has been little recognition of the effects of
siege warfare on civilians. This edited volume addresses this gap.
Using a distinctive regressive method, it begins with the present
and works backwards, avoiding teleological interpretations that
suggest the targeting of civilians in war is a modern phenomenon.
Its contributors interrogate civilians' roles during sieges, both
as victims and active participants; the laws and customs of siege
warfare; its place in historical memory, and the ways civilian
survivors have dealt with trauma. Its scope and content ensure that
the collection is essential reading for all those interested in the
place of civilians in war. Chapter 2 of this book is available open
access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com
The counterinsurgency (COIN) paradigm dominates military and
political conduct in contemporary Western strategic thought. It
assumes future wars will unfold as "low intensity" conflicts within
rather than between states, requiring specialized military training
and techniques. COIN is understood as a logical, effective, and
democratically palatable method for confronting insurgency-a
discrete set of practices that, through the actions of
knowledgeable soldiers and under the guidance of an expert elite,
creates lasting results. Through an extensive investigation into
COIN's theories, methods, and outcomes, this book undermines
enduring claims about COIN's success while revealing its hidden
meanings and effects. Interrogating the relationship between
counterinsurgency and war, the authors question the supposed
uniqueness of COIN's attributes and try to resolve the puzzle of
its intellectual identity. Is COIN a strategy, a doctrine, a
theory, a military practice, or something else? Their analysis
ultimately exposes a critical paradox within COIN: while it ignores
the vital political dimensions of war, it is nevertheless the
product of a misplaced ideological faith in modernization.
A fascinating anthology which sheds new light on the Bletchley Park
story and shows that there is still more to tell.' - Tony Comer
OBE, formerly Departmental Historian at GCHQ This important volume
tells the story of Bletchley Park through countless letters written
by key players to former colleagues and loved ones as the war
unfolded. Having intercepted millions of German communications, the
codebreakers had felt bound by the Official Secrets Act and said
little about their wartime activities. Some who had stayed on at
GCHQ after the war, were concerned that speaking out could
jeopardise their pensions.Over one hundred letters have been
included in this volume and have either been recovered from family
members or declassified by GCHQ. They reveal fresh information
about the clandestine operation and disclose the true feelings of
the participants at Bletchley.Park. In contrast to early accounts,
which lacked detail and were occasionally inaccurate, this book
thoroughly lays bare the day-to-day experiences at Bletchley Park
and uncovers the operational and technical reasons behind the
organisation's successes and failures. Simultaneously intimate and
comprehensive, it will interest historians, World War II
researchers, and anyone who wants to learn the secrets of Britain's
signal intelligence effort.
Located in the center of Asia with one of the largest land
frontiers in the world and 14 neighbors whose dispositions could
not easily be predicted, China has long been obsessed with
security. In this handbook, an internationally renowned team of
contributors provide a comprehensive and systematic analysis of
contemporary thinking about Chinese national security. Chapters
cover the PRC's historical, ideological and doctrinal heritage
related to security, its security arrangements and policies
targeting key regions and nations of the world, the security
aspects of the PRC's ground, air, sea, space and cyber forces, as
well as the changing and expanding definition and scope of China's
security theory and practice.
This book analyses the cooperation between the European Union and
the United States on internal security and counter-terrorism since
the 9/11 terrorist attacks. In particular, four areas of
cooperation are examined: customs and supply chain security;
judicial cooperation (the mutual legal assistance and extradition
agreements); law enforcement cooperation (the Europol-US
agreements); and the EU-US agreements for the sharing of air
passengers' data (PNR agreements). These cases are analysed through
a conceptual framework based on the theories of international
regimes, with the data being drawn from an extensive documentary
analysis of media sources collected through the 'Nexis' database,
official documents, and from 13 semi-structured elite interviews
with US and EU officials. The book argues that the EU and the US
have established a transatlantic internal security regime based on
shared principles, norms, rules, and interests. While at the
beginning of this process the EU had a more reactive and passive
stance at the later stages both the EU and the US were active in
shaping the transatlantic political agenda and negotiations. The
book demonstrates how the EU has had a much more proactive role in
its relations with the US than has often been assumed in the
current literature. This book will be of much interest to students
of EU policy, foreign policy, international security and IR in
general.
A concise introduction to Ancient Egyptian warfare from the
Neolithic period through to the Iron Age, covering everything from
battle tactics to weaponry and battle injuries. The excellent
preservation of Egyptian artefacts including bows, axes and
chariots, means that it is possible to track the changing nature of
Egyptian military technology, as well as the equipment and ideas
that were adopted from other civilisations of the Eastern
Mediterranean and Near East. As well as discussing such crucial
issues as military strategy, martial ideology, construction of
fortresses and waging of siege warfare, this book includes the
study of practical ques tions of life, death and survival of
individual soldiers on the battlefield.
The contradictory trends of the 'post-Arab Spring' landscape form
both the backdrop to, and the focus of, this volume on the changing
security dynamics of the Persian Gulf, defined as the six GCC
states plus Iraq and Iran. The political and economic upheaval
triggered by the uprisings of 2011, and the rapid emergence of the
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria in 2014, have underscored the
vulnerability of regional states to an intersection of domestic
pressures and external shocks. The initial phase of the uprisings
has given way to a series of messy and uncertain transitions that
have left societies deeply fractured and ignited violence both
within and across states. The bulk of the protests, with the
notable exception of Bahrain, occurred outside the Gulf region, but
Persian Gulf states were at the forefront of the political,
economic, and security response across the Middle East.This volume
provides a timely and comparative study of how security in the
Persian Gulf has evolved and adapted to the growing uncertainty of
the post-2011 regional landscape.
Water is not only a source of life and culture. It is also a source
of power, conflicting interests and identity battles. Rights to
materially access, culturally organize and politically control
water resources are poorly understood by mainstream scientific
approaches and hardly addressed by current normative frameworks.
These issues become even more challenging when law and
policy-makers and dominant power groups try to grasp, contain and
handle them in multicultural societies. The struggles over the
uses, meanings and appropriation of water are especially
well-illustrated in Andean communities and local water systems of
Peru, Chile, Ecuador, and Bolivia, as well as in Native American
communities in south-western USA. The problem is that throughout
history, these nation-states have attempted to 'civilize' and bring
into the mainstream the different cultures and peoples within their
borders instead of understanding 'context' and harnessing the
strengths and potentials of diversity. This book examines the
multi-scale struggles for cultural justice and socio-economic
re-distribution that arise as Latin American communities and user
federations seek access to water resources and decision-making
power regarding their control and management. It is set in the
dynamic context of unequal, globalizing power relations, politics
of scale and identity, environmental encroachment and the
increasing presence of extractive industries that are creating
additional pressures on local livelihoods. While much of the focus
of the book is on the Andean Region, a number of comparative
chapters are also included. These address issues such as water
rights and defence strategies in neighbouring countries and those
of Native American people in the southern USA, as well as state
reform and multi-culturalism across Latin and Native America and
the use of international standards in struggles for indigenous
water rights. This book shows that, against all odds, people are
actively contesting neoliberal globalization and water power plays.
In doing so, they construct new, hybrid water rights systems,
livelihoods, cultures and hydro-political networks, and dynamically
challenge the mainstream powers and politics.
Nominated for the Royal Historical Society Whitfield Book Prize
2013Nominated for the NYMAS Arthur Goodzeit Book Award
2013Nominated for the SAHR Templer Medal 2013This book provides the
first comprehensive study of the British Army s horse services
between 1875-1925, including the use of horses in the 1899-1902
Anglo-Boer and the 1914-18 wars. There is a particular focus on the
military procurement of horses in relation to the domestic horse
breeding industry, foreign supply in times of war, the debate about
mechanization versus the horse and an integrated military transport
system. During the 1899-1902 war the recently created Army
Veterinary and Remount Departments and Horse Registration Scheme
were severely tested and found wanting. Following the appalling
suffering and loss of horses during this War, the period 1902 to
1914 was critical for the development of the horse services. The
crucial elements in effectively horsing the Army were recognized -
supply, care, and organization. The Army depended on the creation
of a rapid and effective horse mobilization scheme and the ability
to sustain expansion in the field. The civilian horse market was
central to the supply of military horses in peace and war, and by
obtaining reliable information on the number and type of horses
available to them, the Army could guarantee a regular supply. There
was also a need to learn lessons from the 1899-1902 war for the
planning and expansion of auxiliary services, for example
blacksmiths, saddlers, remount depots and veterinary hospitals. On
the outbreak of war in 1914 the Army had an organized reserve and
mobilization scheme; a completely integrated transport system using
horses, mechanized vehicles and rail networks. As the war
progressed there were serious questions about the continuing supply
of horses from both home and world markets, shortages of transport
for moving them from the country of purchase and the growing
submarine menace. Developments by 1919 in mechanical vehicles were
acknowledged by many as signaling the end of the military reliance
upon the horse, even though it remained the main source of motive
power, and cavalry the main arm of exploitation. Many lessons from
the 1899-1902 War had been learnt, shown in the improved
performance of the horse services during 1914-18. The health of
animals was maintained at a higher standard than in any former war
and remounts were supplied to all theaters of war and to armies of
allied nations. At the end of hostilities nearly eight million
animals had to be quickly disposed of, as humanely as possible, to
bring the Army back to its peacetime requirementsREVIEWS ... a
fascinating read, where incredible amounts of research and
considerable knowledge have been engaged and employed. If you have
a passion for combat history and an interest in all things
equestrian, this should be your one-stop shop.History of War
Magazine"
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