This new volume focuses on a new, exciting field of research: Spintronics, the area also known as spin-based electronics. The ultimate aim of researchers in this area is to develop new devices that exploit the spin of an electron instead of, or in addition to, its electronic charge.
In recent years many groups worldwide have devoted huge efforts to research of spintronic materials, from their technology through characterization to modeling. The resultant explosion of papers in this field and the solid scientific results achieved justify the publication of this volume. Its goal is to summarize the current level of understanding and to highlight some key results and milestones that have been achieved to date.
Semiconductor spintronics is expected to lead to a new generation of transistors, lasers and integrated magnetic sensors that can be used to create ultra-low power, high-speed memory, logic and photonic devices. In addition, development of novel devices such as spin-polarized light emitters, spin field effect transistors, integrated sensors and high-temperature electronics is anticipated.
* Spintronics has emerged as one of the fastest growing areas of research
* This text presents an in-depth examination of the most recent technological spintronic developments
* Includes contributions from leading scholars and industry experts

The Newnes Know It All Series takes the best of what our authors have written to create hard-working desk references that will be an engineer's first port of call for key information, design techniques and rules of thumb. Guaranteed not to gather dust on a shelf
Communications engineers need to master a wide area of topics to excel. The "Wireless Security Know It All" covers every angle including Emerging Wireless Technologies and Security Issues, Wireless LAN and MAN Security, as well as Wireless Personal Area Networks.
A 360-degree view from our best-selling authors
Topics include Today s Wireless Technology, Security Definitions and Concepts, and Wireless Handheld devices
The ultimate hard-working desk reference; all the essential information, techniques and tricks of the trade in one volume"

With vastly increased complexity and functionality in the "nanometer era" (i.e. hundreds of millions of transistors on one chip), increasing the performance of integrated circuits has become a challenging task. This is due primarily to the inevitable increase in the distance among circuit elements and interconnect design solutions have become the greatest determining factor in overall performance.
Three-dimensional (3D) integrated circuits (ICs), which contain multiple layers of active devices, have the potential to enhance dramatically chip performance and functionality, while reducing the distance among devices on a chip. They promise solutions to the current "interconnect bottleneck" challenges faced by IC designers. They also may facilitate the integration of heterogeneous materials, devices, and signals. However, before these advantages can be realized, key technology challenges of 3D ICs must be addressed.
This is the first book on 3-D integrated circuit design, covering all of the technological and design aspects of this emerging design paradigm, while proposing effective solutions to specific challenging problems concerning the design of three-dimensional integrated circuits. A handy, comprehensive reference or a practical design guide, this book provides a sound foundation for the design of three-dimensional integrated circuits.
* Demonstrates how to overcome "Interconnect Bottleneck" with 3D Integrated Circuit Design...leading edge design techniques offer solutions to problems (performance/power consumption/price) faced by all circuit designers.
* The FIRST book on 3D Integrated Circuit Design...provides up-to-date information that is otherwise difficult tofind;
* Focuses on design issues key to the product development cyle...good design plays a major role in exploiting the implementation flexibilities offered in the third dimension;
* Provides broad coverage of 3D IC Design, including Interconnect Prediction Models, Thermal Management Techniques, and Timing Optimization...offers practical view of designing 3D circuits.

As mobile technologies become ever more pervasive in modern society, users find increasingly innovative methods to take advantage of the newest developments and mobile devices. Data mining, in particular, has seen a vast shift as a result of wireless technologies. Mobile Technologies for Active-Travel Data Collection and Analysis concentrates on one particular and fast-growing application of mobile technologies: data acquisition for the tourism industry. This critical reference source will provide travel agents, visitors, and hosts with the most advanced data mining methods, empirical research findings, and computational analysis techniques necessary to compete effectively in the global tourism industry.

Digital video is everywhere! The engineers creating HDTV, mp3 players, and smart phones and their components are in need of essential information at a moment's notice. The Instant Access Series provides all the critical content that a digital video engineer needs in his or her daily work.
This book provides an introduction to video as well as succinct overviews of analog and digital interfaces along with signal processing. This book is filled with images, figures, tables, and easy to find tips and tricks for the engineer that needs material fast to complete projects to deadline.
*Tips and tricks feature that will help engineers get up and running fast and move on to the next issue
*Easily searchable content complete with tabs, chapter table of contents, bulleted lists, and boxed features
*Just the essentials, no need to page through material not needed for the current project

"Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics" merges two long-running serials--"Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics" and "Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy." This series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.
* Updated with contributions from leading international scholars and industry experts
* Discusses hot topic areas and presents current and future research trends
* Invaluable reference and guide for physicists, engineers and mathematicians

The inadequate use of wireless spectrum resources has recently motivated researchers and practitioners to look for new ways to improve resource efficiency. As a result, new cognitive radio technologies have been proposed as an effective solution. Sensing Techniques for Next Generation Cognitive Radio Networks is a pivotal reference source that provides vital research on the application of spectrum sensing techniques. While highlighting topics such as radio identification, compressive sensing, and wavelet transform, this publication explores the standards and the methods of cognitive radio network architecture. This book is ideally designed for IT and network engineers, practitioners, and researchers seeking current research on radio scene analysis for cognitive radios and networks.

Network processors are the basic building blocks of today's high-speed, high-demand, quality-oriented communication networks. Designing and implementing network processors requires a new programming paradigm and an in-depth understanding of network processing requirements. This book leads the reader through the requirements and the underlying theory of networks, network processing, and network processors. It covers implementation of network processors and intergrates EZchip Microcode Development Environment so that you can gain hands-on experience in writing high-speed networking applications. By the end of the book, the reader will be able to write and test applications on a simulated network processor.
Comprehensive, theoretical, and pracitical coverage of networks and high-speed networking applicationsDescirbes contemporary core, metro, and access networks and their processing algorithmsCovers network processor architectures and programming models, enabling readers to assess the optimal network processor typer and configuration for their applicationFree download from http: //www.cse.bgu.ac.il/npbook includes microcode development tools that provide hands-on experience with programming a network processor

Uniquely explains in detail how small antennas work and ways to improve their performance

This book addresses the recent significant theoretical and practical developments in the electrically small antenna (ESA) area. Examining antenna designs that work as well as those that have limitations, it offers the latest information on electromagnetically coupled structures and improving bandwidth using spherical helix dipoles, the exact derivation of Q for electrically small antennas for both TE and TM modes, a new simplified Q formula developed by the authors, and discussions of metamaterials and computer model accuracy for ESA.

The book begins with detailed electromagnetic derivations of Chu and Thal Q formulations, formulas for Q when U or E cores are used, and effects of loss on Q. It also includes a treatise on bandwidth and matching, and Foster's reactance theorem, as well as up-to-date coverage of canonical antennas: dipoles, loops, self-resonant ESA, PIFA, and dielectric resonator antennas.

Just as this book offers the concrete facts on relevant developments in the field, it also clears up confusion regarding findings that have not turned out to be useful. Presented here are antenna ideas that are clever but with performance numbers that are poor, as well as eighteen more antenna ideas that are simply not to be believed. The book concludes with recent data on the use of self-resonant elements in superdirective antennas and new delay line data on superconducting antennas.

Each chapter features extensive references and an author list. In addition, helpful appendices cover a world history of ESA, antenna terms important to ESA, a paper on NIM shells enclosing an ESA dipole, and analytical errors associated with perfect lenses and sub-wavelength focusing. Small Antenna Handbook is ideal for practicing engineers in the telecommunications and national defense areas, as well as for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students.

Robust Control Robust Control Youla Parameterization Approach Discover efficient methods for designing robust control systems In Robust Control: Youla Parameterization Approach, accomplished engineers Dr. Farhad Assadian and Kevin R. Mallon deliver an insightful treatment of robust control system design that does not require a theoretical background in controls. The authors connect classical control theory to modern control concepts using the Youla method and offer practical examples from the automotive industry for designing control systems with the Youla method. The book demonstrates that feedback control can be elegantly designed in the frequency domain using the Youla parameterization approach. It offers deep insights into the many practical applications from utilizing this technique in both Single Input Single Output (SISO) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) design. Finally, the book provides an estimation technique using Youla parameterization and controller output observer for the first time. Robust Control offers readers: A thorough introduction to a review of the Laplace Transform, including singularity functions and transfer functions Comprehensive explorations of the response of linear, time-invariant, and dynamic systems, as well as feedback principles and feedback design for SISO Practical discussions of norms and feedback systems, feedback design by the optimization of closed-loop norms, and estimation design for SISO using the parameterization approach In-depth examinations of MIMO control and multivariable transfer function properties Perfect for industrial researchers and engineers working with control systems, Robust Control: Youla Parameterization Approach is also an indispensable resource for graduate students in mechanical, aerospace, electrical, and chemical engineering.

Microwave dielectric materials play a key role in our global society with a wide range of applications, from terrestrial and satellite communication including software radio, GPS, and DBS TV to environmental monitoring via satellite.
A small ceramic component made from a dielectric material is fundamental to the operation of filters and oscillators in several microwave systems. In microwave communications, dielectric resonator filters are used to discriminate between wanted and unwanted signal frequencies in the transmitted and received signal. When the wanted frequency is extracted and detected, it is necessary to maintain a strong signal. For clarity it is also critical that the wanted signal frequencies are not affected by seasonal temperature changes. In order to meet the specifications of current and future systems, improved or new microwave components based on dedicated dielectric materials and new designs are required. The recent progress in microwave telecommunication, satellite broadcasting and intelligent transport systems (ITS) has resulted in an increased demand for Dielectric Resonators (DRs). With the recent revolution in mobile phone and satellite communication systems using microwaves as the propagation media, the research and development in the field of device miniaturization has been a major challenge in contemporary Materials Science. In a mobile phone communication, the message is sent from a phone to the nearest base station, and then on via a series of base stations to the other phone. At the heart of each base station is the combiner/filter unit which has the job of receiving the messages, keeping them separate, amplifying the signals and sending then onto the next base station. For such a microwave circuit to work, part of it needs to resonate at the specific working frequency. The frequency determining component (resonator) used in such a high frequency device must satisfy certain criteria. The three important characteristics required for a dielectric resonator are (a) a high dielectric constant which facilitates miniaturization (b) a high quality factor (Qxf) which improves the signal-to-noise ratio, (c) a low temperature coefficient of the resonant frequency which determines the stability of the transmitted frequency.
During the past 25 years scientists the world over have developed a large number of new materials (about 3000) or improved the properties of known materials. About 5000 papers have been published and more than 1000 patents filed in the area of dielectric resonators and related technologies. This book brings the data and science of these several useful materials together, which will be of immense benefit to researchers and engineers the world over.
The topics covered in the book includes factors affecting the dielectric properties, measurement of dielectric properties, important low loss dielectric material systems such as perovskites, tungsten bronze type materials, materials in BaO-TiO2 system, (Zr, Sn)TiO4, alumina, rutile, AnBn-1O3n type materials, LTCC, ceramic-polymer composites etc. The book also has a data table listing all reported low loss dielectric materials with properties and references arranged in the order of increasing dielectric constant.
Key Features:
- collects together in one source data on all new materials used in wireless communication
- includes tabulated properties of all reported low loss dielectric materials
- in-depth treatment of dielectric resonator materials

Over the past decade, system-on-chip (SoC) designs have evolved to address the ever increasing complexity of applications, fueled by the era of digital convergence. Improvements in process technology have effectively shrunk board-level components so they can be integrated on a single chip. New on-chip communication architectures have been designed to support all inter-component communication in a SoC design. These communication architecture fabrics have a critical impact on the power consumption, performance, cost and design cycle time of modern SoC designs. As application complexity strains the communication backbone of SoC designs, academic and industrial R&D efforts and dollars are increasingly focused on communication architecture design.
This book is a comprehensive reference on concepts, research and trends in on-chip communication architecture design. It will provide readers with a comprehensive survey, not available elsewhere, of all current standards for on-chip communication architectures.
KEY FEATURES
* A definitive guide to on-chip communication architectures, explaining key concepts, surveying research efforts and predicting future trends
* Detailed analysis of all popular standards for on-chip communication architectures
* Comprehensive survey of all research on communication architectures, covering a wide range of topics relevant to this area, spanning the past several years, and up to date with the most current research efforts
* Future trends that with have a significant impact on research and design of communication architectures over the next several years

Microwave tubes are vacuum electron devices used for the generation and amplification of radio frequencies in the microwave range. An established technology area, the use of tubes remains essential in the field today for high-power applications. The culmination of the author's 50 years of industry experience, this authoritative resource offers you a thorough understanding of the operations and major classes of microwave tubes. Minimizing the use of advanced mathematics, the book places emphasis on clear qualitative explanations of phenomena. This practical reference serves as an excellent introduction for newcomers to the field and offers established tube engineers a comprehensive refresher. Professionals find coverage of all major tube classifications, including klystrons, traveling wave tubes (TWTs), magnetrons, cross field amplifiers, and gyrotrons.

This textbook explains how to design and develop digital electronic systems using programmable logic devices (PLDs). Totally practical in nature, the book features numerous (quantify when known) case study designs using a variety of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) and Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLD), for a range of applications from control and instrumentation to semiconductor automatic test equipment.
Key features include:
* Case studies that provide a walk through of the design process, highlighting the trade-offs involved.
* Discussion of real world issues such as choice of device, pin-out, power supply, power supply decoupling, signal integrity- for embedding FPGAs within a PCB based design.
With this book engineers will be able to:
* Use PLD technology to develop digital and mixed signal electronic systems
* Develop PLD based designs using both schematic capture and VHDL synthesis techniques
* Interface a PLD to digital and mixed-signal systems
* Undertake complete design exercises from design concept through to the build and test of PLD based electronic hardware
This book will be ideal for electronic and computer engineering students taking a practical or Lab based course on digital systems development using PLDs and for engineers in industry looking for concrete advice on developing a digital system using a FPGA or CPLD as its core.
*Case studies that provide a walk through of the design process, highlighting the trade-offs involved.
*Discussion of real world issues such as choice of device, pin-out, power supply, power supply decoupling, signal integrity- for embedding FPGAs within a PCB based design.

Intra-system EMC problems are becoming increasingly common in mobile devices, ranging from notebook PCs to cell phones, with RF/wireless capbilities. These issues range from minor annoyances to serious glitches which impede the functioning of the device. This book gives a thourough review of electromagnetic theory (including Maxwell's equations), discusses possible sources and causes of intra-system interference, shows to use models and analysis to discover potential sources of intra-system EMC in a design, how to use appropriate tests and measurements to detect intra-system EMC problems, and finally extensively discusses measures to mitigate or totally eliminate intra-system EMC problems. With more and more mobile devices incorporating wirless capability (often with multiple wireless systems, such as Bluetooth and WiFi), this book should be part of the reference shelf of every RF/wireless engineer and mobile device designer.
*Throughouly describes sources of intra-system interference in RF/wireless devices and how to minimize them for maximum device performance
*Gives proven techniques for interference mitigation, ranging from the simple (component placement and cable routing) to the advanced (such as the use of shielding and signal absorption materials)
*Discusses modeling and analysis methods to predict likely sources of intras-system EMC
*Explains test and measurement techniques to detect intra-system EMC problems.

"Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics" merges two long-running serials-Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy. This series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.
An important feature of these Advances is that the subjects are written in such a way that they can be understood by readers from other specialities.

Over the past decade, the world has witnessed an explosion in the development and deployment of new wireless network technologies. From cellular mobile telephony to the ubiquitous "WiFi" networks in coffee-shops and airports, to the emerging WiMAX wireless broadband access networks, the menu of wireless access systems has become so comprehensive that wireline access to user devices may soon become a relic of the past. Wireless Networking serves as a one-stop view of cellular, WiFi, and WiMAX networks, as well as the emerging wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. Rather than provide descriptive accounts of these technologies and standards, the book emphasizes conceptual perspectives on the modeling, analysis, design and optimization of such networks. Furthermore, the authors present wireless networking within the unifying framework of resource allocation, using simple abstractions of the underlying physical wireless communication. In short, Wireless Networking is an in-depth, exhaustive, and invaluable asset to anyone working in this rapidly evolving field.
*Goes beyond descriptive and qualitative treatments, by presenting the foundations underlying the various wireless networking technologies
*Provides abstractions, models and analyses of established and emerging wireless networks, thereby supplying the reader with a conceptual and quantitative treatment, thus ensuring longevity of the learning from this material
*Aids comprehension by including over 120 figures, four appendices on the mathematics of the various models, several inline exercises, and extensive problem sets at the end of each chapter

This book offers an intuitive approach to random processes and educates the reader on how to interpret and predict their behavior. Premised on the idea that new techniques are best introduced by specific, low-dimensional examples, the mathematical exposition is easier to comprehend and more enjoyable, and it motivates the subsequent generalizations. It distinguishes between the science of extracting statistical information from raw data--e.g., a time series about which nothing is known a priori--and that of analyzing specific statistical models, such as Bernoulli trials, Poisson queues, ARMA, and Markov processes. The former motivates the concepts of statistical spectral analysis (such as the Wiener-Khintchine theory), and the latter applies and interprets them in specific physical contexts. The formidable Kalman filter is introduced in a simple scalar context, where its basic strategy is transparent, and gradually extended to the full-blown iterative matrix form.

The subject of Discrete Signals and Systems is broad and deserves a single book devoted to it. The objective of this textbook is to present all the required material that an undergraduate student will need to master this subject matter and the use of MATLAB. This book is primarily intended for electrical and computer engineering students, and especially for use by juniors or seniors in these undergraduate engineering disciplines. It can also be very useful to practicing engineers. It is detailed, broad, based on mathematical basic principles, focused, and it also contains many solved problems using analytical tools as well as MATLAB. The book is ideal for a one-semester course in the area of discrete linear systems or digital signal processing, where the instructor can cover all chapters with ease. Numerous examples are presented within each chapter to illustrate each concept when and where it is presented. Most of the worked-out examples are first solved analytically and then solved using MATLAB in a clear and understandable fashion.

This book provides an overview of radar waveform synthesis obtained as the result of computational optimization processes and covers the most challenging application fields. The book balances a practical point of view with a rigorous mathematical approach corroborated with a wealth of numerical study cases and some real experiments. Additionally, the book has a cross-disciplinary approach because it exploits cross-fertilization with the recent research and discoveries in optimization theory. The material of the book is organized into ten chapters, each one completed with a comprehensive list of references. The following topics are covered: recent advances of binary sequence designs and their applications; quadratic optimization for unimodular sequence synthesis and applications; a computational design of phase-only (possibly binary) sequences for radar systems; constrained radar code design for spectrally congested environments via quadratic optimization; robust transmit code and receive filter design for extended targets detection in clutter; optimizing radar transceiver for Doppler processing via non-convex programming; radar waveform design via the majorization-minimization framework; Lagrange programming neural network for radar waveform design; cognitive local ambiguity function shaping with spectral coexistence and experiments; and relative entropy based waveform design for MIMO radar. Targeted at an audience of radar engineers and researchers, this book provides thorough and up-to-date coverage of optimisation theory for radar waveform design.