Control Applications for Biomedical Engineering Systems presents different control engineering and modeling applications in the biomedical field. It is intended for senior undergraduate or graduate students in both control engineering and biomedical engineering programs. For control engineering students, it presents the application of various techniques already learned in theoretical lectures in the biomedical arena. For biomedical engineering students, it presents solutions to various problems in the field using methods commonly used by control engineers.

This book provides a single-source reference to routing algorithms for Networks-on-Chip (NoCs), as well as in-depth discussions of advanced solutions applied to current and next generation, many core NoC-based Systems-on-Chip (SoCs). After a basic introduction to the NoC design paradigm and architectures, routing algorithms for NoC architectures are presented and discussed at all abstraction levels, from the algorithmic level to actual implementation. Coverage emphasizes the role played by the routing algorithm and is organized around key problems affecting current and next generation, many-core SoCs. A selection of routing algorithms is included, specifically designed to address key issues faced by designers in the ultra-deep sub-micron (UDSM) era, including performance improvement, power, energy, and thermal issues, fault tolerance and reliability.

Sealed Lead Acid...Nickel Cadmium...Lithium Ion...
How do you balance battery life with performance and cost?
This book shows you how!
Now that "mobile" has become the standard, the consumer not only expects mobility but demands power longevity in wireless devices. As more and more features, computing power, and memory are packed into mobile devices such as iPods, cell phones, and cameras, there is a large and growing gap between what devices can do and the amount of energy engineers can deliver. In fact, the main limiting factor in many portable designs is not hardware or software, but instead how much power can be delivered to the device. This book describes various design approaches to reduce the amount of power a circuit consumes and techniques to effectively manage the available power.
Power Management Advice On:
-Low Power Packaging Techniques
-Power and Clock Gating
-Energy Efficient Compilers
-Various Display Technologies
-Linear vs. Switched Regulators
-Software Techniques and Intelligent Algorithms
* Addresses power versus performance that each newly developed mobile device faces
* Robust case studies drawn from the author's 30 plus years of extensive real world experience are included
* Both hardware and software are discussed concerning their roles in power

The hidden costs of artificial intelligence—from natural resources and labor to privacy, equality, and freedom.

What happens when artificial intelligence saturates political life and depletes the planet? How is AI shaping our understanding of ourselves and our societies? Drawing on more than a decade of research, award‑winning scholar Kate Crawford reveals how AI is a technology of extraction: from the minerals drawn from the earth to the labor pulled from low-wage information workers to the data taken from every action and expression.

Crawford reveals how this planetary network is fueling a shift toward undemocratic governance and increased inequity. Rather than taking a narrow focus on code and algorithms, Crawford offers us a material and political perspective on what it takes to make AI and how it centralizes power. This is an urgent account of what is at stake as technology companies use artificial intelligence to reshape the world.

The Newnes Know It All Series takes the best of what our authors have written to create hard-working desk references that will be an engineer's first port of call for key information, design techniques and rules of thumb. Guaranteed not to gather dust on a shelf!
RF (radio frequency) and wireless technologies drive communication today. This technology and its applications enable wireless phones, portable device roaming, and short-range industrial and commercial application communication such as the supply chain management wonder, RFID. Up-to-date information regarding software defined RF, using frequencies smarter, and, using more of the spectrum, with ultrawideband technology is detailed.
Chapter 1: Survey of RF and Wireless Technology
Chapter 2: Communications Protocols and Modulation
Chapter 3: Transmitters
Chapter 4: Receivers
Chapter 5: Radio Propagation
Chapter 6: Antenna Fundamentals I
Chapter 7: Antenna Fundamentals II.
Chapter 8: Basics of Wireless Local Area Networks
Chapter 9: Outdoor Networks.
Chapter 10: Voice Over Wi-Fi and Other Wireless Technologies
Chapter 11: Security in Wireless Local Area Networks
Chapter 12: System Planning
Chapter 13: System Implementation, Testing, and Optimization
Chapter 14: Next Generation Wireless Networks
Chapter 15: Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
Chapter 16: Wireless Sensor Networks
Chapter 17: Reliable Wireless Networks for Industrial Networks
Chapter 18: Software-Defined Radio
Chapter 19: The Basics of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) Technology
Chapter 20: UWB Spectrum and Regulation
Chapter 21: Interference and Coexistence
Chapter 22: Direct Sequence UWB
Chapter 23: "Multiband Approach to UWB
Chapter 24: History and Background of Cognitive Radio
Chapter 25: The Software Defined Radio as a Platform for Cognitive Radio
Chapter 26: Cognitive Radio: The Technologies
Chapter 27: Spectrum Awareness
Chapter 28: Direct Sequence and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum
Chapter 29: RF Power Amplifiers
Chapter 30: Phase Locked Loop Techniques in Modern Communications Systems
Chapter 31 Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)
*A 360 degree view from best-selling authors including Roberto Aiello, Bruce Fette, and Praphul Chandra
*Hot topics covered including ultrawideband and cognitive radio technologies
*The ultimate hard-working desk reference: all the essential information, techniques, and tricks of the trade in one volume

This book provides a comprehensive survey of the technology of flash lamp annealing (FLA) for thermal processing of semiconductors. It gives a detailed introduction to the FLA technology and its physical background. Advantages, drawbacks and process issues are addressed in detail and allow the reader to properly plan and perform their own thermal processing. Moreover, this books gives a broad overview of the applications of flash lamp annealing, including a comprehensive literature survey. Several case studies of simulated temperature profiles in real material systems give the reader the necessary insight into the underlying physics and simulations. This book is a valuable reference work for both novice and advanced users.

RFID is a method of remotely storing and receiving data using devices called RFID tags. RFID tags can be small adhesive stickers containing antennas that receive and respond to transmissions from RFID transmitters. RFID tags are used to identify and track everything from Exxon EZ pass to dogs to beer kegs to library books.
Major companies and countries around the world are adopting or considering whether to adopt RFID technologies. Visa and Wells Fargo are currently running tests with RFID, airports around the world are using RFID to track cargo and run customs departments, universities such as Slippery Rock are providing RFID-enabled cell phones for students to use for campus charges. According to the July 9 CNET article, RFID Tags: Big Brother in Small Packages?, "You should become familiar with RFID technology because you'll be hearing much more about it soon. Retailers adore the concept, and CNET News.com's own Alorie Gilbert wrote last week about how Wal-Mart and the U.K.-based grocery chain Tesco are starting to install "smart shelves" with networked RFID readers. In what will become the largest test of the technology, consumer goods giant Gillette recently said it would purchase 500 million RFID tags from Alien Technology of Morgan Hill, CA."
For security professionals needing to get up and running fast with the topic of RFID, this How to Cheat approach to the topic is the perfect "just what you need to know" book
* For most business organizations, adopting RFID is a matter of when
* The RFID services market is expected to reach $4 billion by 2008
* Covers vulnerabilities and personal privacy--topics identified by major companies as key RFID issues

Various systems science and engineering disciplines are covered and challenging new research issues in these disciplines are revealed. They will be extremely valuable for the readers to search for some new research directions and problems. * Chapters are contributed by world-renowned systems engineers * Chapters include discussions and conclusions * Readers can grasp each event holistically without having professional expertise in the field

This book will explain how to verify SoC logic designs using "formal" and "semi-formal" verification techniques. The critical issue to be addressed is whether the functionality of the design is the one that the designers intended. Simulation has been used for checking the correctness of SoC designs (as in "functional" verification), but many subtle design errors cannot be caught by simulation. Recently, formal verification, giving mathematical proof of the correctness of designs, has been getting much more attention. So far, most of the books on formal verification target the register transfer level (RTL) or lower levels of design. For higher design productivity, it is essential to debug designs as early as possible. That is, designs should be completely verified at very abstracted design levels (higher than RTL). This book covers all aspects of high-level formal and semi-formal verification techniques for system level designs.
- First book that covers all aspects of formal and semi-formal, high-level (higher than RTL) design verification targeting SoC designs.
- Formal verification of high-level designs (RTL or higher).
- Verification techniques are discussed with associated system-level design methodology.

Famed author Jack Ganssle has selected the very best embedded systems design material from the Newnes portfolio and compiled into this volume. The result is a book covering the gamut of embedded design-from hardware to software to integrated embedded systems-with a strong pragmatic emphasis. In addition to specific design techniques and practices, this book also discusses various approaches to solving embedded design problems and how to successfully apply theory to actual design tasks. The material has been selected for its timelessness as well as for its relevance to contemporary embedded design issues. This book will be an essential working reference for anyone involved in embedded system design!
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1. Motors - Stuart Ball
Chapter 2. Testing - Arnold S. Berger
Chapter 3. System-Level Design - Keith E. Curtis
Chapter 4. Some Example Sensor, Actuator and Control Applications and Circuits (Hard Tasks) - Lewin ARW Edwards
Chapter 5. Installing and Using a Version Control System - Chris Keydel and Olaf Meding
Chapter 6. Embedded State Machine Implementation - Martin Gomez
Chapter 7. Firmware Musings - Jack Ganssle
Chapter 8. Hardware Musings - Jack Ganssle
Chapter 9. Closed Loop Controls, Rabbits, and Hounds - John M. Holland
Chapter 10. Application Examples David J. Katz and Rick Gentile
Chapter 11. Analog I/Os - Jean LaBrosse
Chapter 12. Optimizing DSP Software - Robert Oshana
Chapter 13. Embedded Processors - Peter Wilson
*Hand-picked content selected by embedded systems luminary Jack Ganssle
*Real-world best design practices including chapters on FPGAs, DSPs, and microcontrollers
*Covers both hardware andsoftware aspects of embedded systems

This 6 volume set presents a groundbreaking resource in this branch of natural organic compounds and demonstrates how proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be manipulated in structures of natural organic compounds. The authors provide the most comprehensive data of 17 kinds amounting to over 10,000 natural organic compounds. The 2nd volume mainly illustrates the molecular formula and structures of saponins.

The effects of digital technology on the security industry require constant vigilance by security distributors, sales staff, and installation professionals. Today and for the foreseeable future, all security professionals must have at least a basic understanding of digital technology. "Digital CCTV" addresses this new challenge.
Topics convered include compression variables such as Lossless and Lossy, which are explained by reviewing Huffman and Run Length Encoding (RLE), and by relating these forms of compression to ZIP and Stuffit, which are commonly used in personal computers. A review of JPEG, motion JPEG, MPEG and wavelet compression schemes among others, with a comparison of the merits of each, is also provided. As "Digital CCTV" traces the stream of digital video flow from the computer industry through compression, transmission, display and storage, and explains how analog video signal is converted into a digital signal, the reader will learn and understand the mysteries of digital science.
* Explains industry concepts, acronyms and buzzwords acurately and clearly
* Covers history, current complexities, and the future effects of digital science
*Provides practical information about how digital video works, how digital video is stored and transmitted, what digital systems can and cannot accomplish, and what to expect from digital video equipment in modern CCTV systems

Control Loops are the feedback mechanisms that work between a sensor or site control and a set of system or component settings-such as temperature or pressure. Understanding the various dynamics that come in to play when trying to control any active system can be complex and difficult, but this book seeks to make that effort much easier and more applicable to the day-to-day job site. The new edition will have greater coverage of on new software-driven control loop systems and control loop analytics. Readers will find: Review of control loop fundamentals, including PID controllers, loop dynamics and common tuning methods Coverage of the effects of various kinds of dynamics, including process, controller, measurement, valve and nonlinear dynamics New chapters on computer-aided control loop tuning methods and smart systems Summaries with useful control loop equations and algorithms

Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics merges two long-running serials-Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics and Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy. This series features extended articles on the physics of electron devices (especially semiconductor devices), particle optics at high and low energies, microlithography, image science and digital image processing, electromagnetic wave propagation, electron microscopy, and the computing methods used in all these domains.

A GUIDE TO NOISE IN MICROWAVE CIRCUITS A fulsome exploration of critical considerations in microwave circuit noise In A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits: Devices, Circuits, and Measurement, a team of distinguished researchers deliver a comprehensive introduction to noise in microwave circuits, with a strong focus on noise characterization of devices and circuits. The book describes fluctuations beginning with their physical origin and touches on the general description of noise in linear and non-linear circuits. Several chapters are devoted to the description of noise measurement -techniques and the interpretation of measured data. A full chapter is dedicated to noise sources as well, including thermal, shot, plasma, and current. A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits offers examples of measurement problems--like low noise block (LNB) of satellite television - and explores equipment and measurement methods, like the Y, cold source, and 7-state method. This book also includes: A thorough introduction to foundational terms in microwave circuit noise, including average values, amplitude distribution, autocorrelation, cross-correlation, and noise spectra Comprehensive explorations of common noise sources, including thermal noise, the Nyquist formula and thermal radiation, shot noise, plasma noise, and more Practical discussions of noise and linear networks, including narrowband noise In-depth examinations of calculation methods for noise quantities, including noise voltages, currents, and spectra, the noise correlation matrix, and the noise of simple passive networks Perfect for graduate students specializing in microwave and wireless electronics, A Guide to Noise in Microwave Circuits: Devices, Circuits, and Measurement will also earn a place in the libraries of professional engineers working in microwave or wireless circuits and system design.

Cluster or co-cluster analyses are important tools in a variety of scientific areas. The introduction of this book presents a state of the art of already well-established, as well as more recent methods of co-clustering. The authors mainly deal with the two-mode partitioning under different approaches, but pay particular attention to a probabilistic approach. Chapter 1 concerns clustering in general and the model-based clustering in particular. The authors briefly review the classical clustering methods and focus on the mixture model. They present and discuss the use of different mixtures adapted to different types of data. The algorithms used are described and related works with different classical methods are presented and commented upon. This chapter is useful in tackling the problem of co-clustering under the mixture approach. Chapter 2 is devoted to the latent block model proposed in the mixture approach context. The authors discuss this model in detail and present its interest regarding co-clustering. Various algorithms are presented in a general context. Chapter 3 focuses on binary and categorical data. It presents, in detail, the appropriated latent block mixture models. Variants of these models and algorithms are presented and illustrated using examples. Chapter 4 focuses on contingency data. Mutual information, phi-squared and model-based co-clustering are studied. Models, algorithms and connections among different approaches are described and illustrated. Chapter 5 presents the case of continuous data. In the same way, the different approaches used in the previous chapters are extended to this situation. Contents 1. Cluster Analysis. 2. Model-Based Co-Clustering. 3. Co-Clustering of Binary and Categorical Data. 4. Co-Clustering of Contingency Tables. 5. Co-Clustering of Continuous Data. About the Authors Gerard Govaert is Professor at the University of Technology of Compiegne, France. He is also a member of the CNRS Laboratory Heudiasyc (Heuristic and diagnostic of complex systems). His research interests include latent structure modeling, model selection, model-based cluster analysis, block clustering and statistical pattern recognition. He is one of the authors of the MIXMOD (MIXtureMODelling) software. Mohamed Nadif is Professor at the University of Paris-Descartes, France, where he is a member of LIPADE (Paris Descartes computer science laboratory) in the Mathematics and Computer Science department. His research interests include machine learning, data mining, model-based cluster analysis, co-clustering, factorization and data analysis. Cluster Analysis is an important tool in a variety of scientific areas. Chapter 1 briefly presents a state of the art of already well-established as well more recent methods. The hierarchical, partitioning and fuzzy approaches will be discussed amongst others. The authors review the difficulty of these classical methods in tackling the high dimensionality, sparsity and scalability. Chapter 2 discusses the interests of coclustering, presenting different approaches and defining a co-cluster. The authors focus on co-clustering as a simultaneous clustering and discuss the cases of binary, continuous and co-occurrence data. The criteria and algorithms are described and illustrated on simulated and real data. Chapter 3 considers co-clustering as a model-based co-clustering. A latent block model is defined for different kinds of data. The estimation of parameters and co-clustering is tackled under two approaches: maximum likelihood and classification maximum likelihood. Hard and soft algorithms are described and applied on simulated and real data. Chapter 4 considers co-clustering as a matrix approximation. The trifactorization approach is considered and algorithms based on update rules are described. Links with numerical and probabilistic approaches are established. A combination of algorithms are proposed and evaluated on simulated and real data. Chapter 5 considers a co-clustering or bi-clustering as the search for coherent co-clusters in biological terms or the extraction of co-clusters under conditions. Classical algorithms will be described and evaluated on simulated and real data. Different indices to evaluate the quality of coclusters are noted and used in numerical experiments.

The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.

Get a firm handle on the engineering reliability process with this insightful and complete resource Named one of the Best Industrial Management eBooks of All Time by BookAuthority As featured on CNN, Forbes and Inc - BookAuthority identifies and rates the best books in the world, based on recommendations by thought leaders and experts The newly and thoroughly revised 3rd Edition of Reliability Engineering delivers a comprehensive and insightful analysis of this crucial field. Accomplished author, professor, and engineer, Elsayed. A. Elsayed includes new examples and end-of-chapter problems to illustrate concepts, new chapters on resilience and the physics of failure, revised chapters on reliability and hazard functions, and more case studies illustrating the approaches and methodologies described within. The book combines analyses of system reliability estimation for time independent and time dependent models with the construction of the likelihood function and its use in estimating the parameters of failure time distribution. It concludes by addressing the physics of failures, mechanical reliability, and system resilience, along with an explanation of how to ensure reliability objectives by providing preventive and scheduled maintenance and warranty policies. This new edition of Reliability Engineering covers a wide range of topics, including: Reliability and hazard functions, like the Weibull Model, the Exponential Model, the Gamma Model, and the Log-Logistic Model, among others System reliability evaluations, including parallel-series, series-parallel, and mixed parallel systems The concepts of time- and failure-dependent reliability within both repairable and non-repairable systems Parametric reliability models, including types of censoring, and the Exponential, Weibull, Lognormal, Gamma, Extreme Value, Half-Logistic, and Rayleigh Distributions Perfect for first-year graduate students in industrial and systems engineering, Reliability Engineering, 3rd Edition also belongs on the bookshelves of practicing professionals in research laboratories and defense industries. The book offers a practical and approachable treatment of a complex area, combining the most crucial foundational knowledge with necessary and advanced topics.

The book highlights three types of technologies being developed for autonomous solution of navigation problems. These technologies are based on the polarization structure, ultra-broadband and the fluctuation characteristics (slow and fast) of the radiolocation signals. The book presents the problems of intrinsic thermal radio emission polarization and change in radio waves polarization when they are reflected from objects with non-linear properties. The purpose of this book is to develop the foundations for creating autonomous radionavigation systems to provide aviation with navigation systems that will substantially increase its capabilities, specifically acting where satellite technologies do not work. The book is intended for specialists involved in the development and operation of aviation-technical complexes, as well as for specialists of national aviation regulators and ICAO experts dealing with the problems of improving flight safety.

"Digital Design of Signal Processing Systems" discusses a spectrum of architectures and methods for effective implementation of algorithms in hardware (HW). Encompassing all facets of the subject this book includes conversion of algorithms from floating-point to fixed-point format, parallel architectures for basic computational blocks, Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL), SystemVerilog and coding guidelines for synthesis.

The book also covers system level design of Multi Processor System on Chip (MPSoC); a consideration of different design methodologies including Network on Chip (NoC) and Kahn Process Network (KPN) based connectivity among processing elements. A special emphasis is placed on implementing streaming applications like a digital communication system in HW. Several novel architectures for implementing commonly used algorithms in signal processing are also revealed. With a comprehensive coverage of topics the book provides an appropriate mix of examples to illustrate the design methodology.

Key Features: A practical guide to designing efficient digital systems, covering the complete spectrum of digital design from a digital signal processing perspectiveProvides a full account of HW building blocks and their architectures, while also elaborating effective use of embedded computational resources such as multipliers, adders and memories in FPGAsCovers a system level architecture using NoC and KPN for streaming applications, giving examples of structuring MATLAB code and its easy mapping in HW for these applicationsExplains state machine based and Micro-Program architectures with comprehensive case studies for mapping complex applications

The techniques and examples discussed in this book are used in the award winning products from the Center for Advanced Research in Engineering (CARE). Software Defined Radio, 10 Gigabit VoIP monitoring system and Digital Surveillance equipment has respectively won APICTA (Asia Pacific Information and Communication Alliance) awards in 2010 for their unique and effective designs.