This book focuses on non-GNSS positioning systems and approaches. Although it addresses both theoretical and practical aspects, the primary focus is on engineering practice. This is achieved by providing in-depth studies on a number of major topics such as tracking system architecture, link budget, system design, implementation, testing, and performance evaluation. It studies four positioning application cases in detail: covert vehicle tracking, horse racing, rowing, and tracking for field sports. Its comprehensive and systematic treatment of practical issues in wireless positioning makes the book particularly suitable for readers who are interested in learning about practical wireless positioning solutions. It will also benefit researchers, engineers and graduate students in fields such as positioning and navigation, geospatial engineering and telecommunications.

Control of Power Electronic Converters, Volume Two gives the theory behind power electronic converter control and discusses the operation, modelling and control of basic converters. The main components of power electronics systems that produce a desired effect (energy conversion, robot motion, etc.) by controlling system variables (voltages and currents) are thoroughly covered. Both small (mobile phones, computer power supplies) and very large systems (trains, wind turbines, high voltage power lines) and their power ranges, from the Watt to the Gigawatt, are presented and explored. Users will find a focused resource on how to apply innovative control techniques for power converters and drives.

This book covers the state of the art in learning algorithms with an inclusion of semi-supervised methods to provide a broad scope of clustering and classification solutions for big data applications. Case studies and best practices are included along with theoretical models of learning for a comprehensive reference to the field. The book is organized into eight chapters that cover the following topics: discretization, feature extraction and selection, classification, clustering, topic modeling, graph analysis and applications. Practitioners and graduate students can use the volume as an important reference for their current and future research and faculty will find the volume useful for assignments in presenting current approaches to unsupervised and semi-supervised learning in graduate-level seminar courses. The book is based on selected, expanded papers from the Fourth International Conference on Soft Computing in Data Science (2018). Includes new advances in clustering and classification using semi-supervised and unsupervised learning; Address new challenges arising in feature extraction and selection using semi-supervised and unsupervised learning; Features applications from healthcare, engineering, and text/social media mining that exploit techniques from semi-supervised and unsupervised learning.

Build your knowledge of SAR/ISAR imaging with this comprehensive and insightful resource The newly revised Second Edition of Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging with MATLAB Algorithms covers in greater detail the fundamental and advanced topics necessary for a complete understanding of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging and its concepts. Distinguished author and academician, Caner OEzdemir, describes the practical aspects of ISAR imaging and presents illustrative examples of the radar signal processing algorithms used for ISAR imaging. The topics in each chapter are supplemented with MATLAB codes to assist readers in better understanding each of the principles discussed within the book. This new edition incudes discussions of the most up-to-date topics to arise in the field of ISAR imaging and ISAR hardware design. The book provides a comprehensive analysis of advanced techniques like Fourier-based radar imaging algorithms, and motion compensation techniques along with radar fundamentals for readers new to the subject. The author covers a wide variety of topics, including: Radar fundamentals, including concepts like radar cross section, maximum detectable range, frequency modulated continuous wave, and doppler frequency and pulsed radar The theoretical and practical aspects of signal processing algorithms used in ISAR imaging The numeric implementation of all necessary algorithms in MATLAB ISAR hardware, emerging topics on SAR/ISAR focusing algorithms such as bistatic ISAR imaging, polarimetric ISAR imaging, and near-field ISAR imaging, Applications of SAR/ISAR imaging techniques to other radar imaging problems such as thru-the-wall radar imaging and ground-penetrating radar imaging Perfect for graduate students in the fields of electrical and electronics engineering, electromagnetism, imaging radar, and physics, Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar Imaging With MATLAB Algorithms also belongs on the bookshelves of practicing researchers in the related areas looking for a useful resource to assist them in their day-to-day professional work.

This book presents a novel control method for power converters, referred to as m-mode control. It provides an overview of traditional control methods for inverters - e.g. PWM and SVPWM - and the theory of the m-mode control method, while also discussing and applying m-mode control on various types of converters (including three-phase, nine-switch, five-leg and multi-level inverters, PWM rectifiers and modular multi-level converters). The book provides readers with sufficient background and understanding to delve deeper into the topic of SVPWM control. It is also a valuable guide for engineers and researchers whose work involves power converter control.

Today, air-to-surface vessel (ASV) radars, or more generally airborne maritime surveillance radars, are installed on maritime reconnaissance aircraft for long-range detection, tracking and classification of surface ships (ASuW-anti-surface warfare) and for hunting submarines (ASW-anti-submarine warfare). Such radars were first developed in the UK during WWII as part of the response to the threat to shipping from German U-boats. This book describes the ASV radars developed in the UK and used by RAF Coastal Command during WWII for long-range maritime surveillance.

Today, air-to-surface vessel (ASV) radars, or more generally maritime surveillance radars, are installed on maritime reconnaissance aircraft for long-range detection, tracking and classification of surface ships (ASuW-anti-surface warfare) and for hunting submarines (ASW-anti-submarine warfare). Such radars were first developed in the UK during WWII as part of the response to the threat to shipping from German U-Boats. This book describes the ASV radars developed in the UK after WWII (1946-2000) and used by the RAF for long-range maritime surveillance.

CMOS Past, Present and Future provides insight from the basics, to the state-of-the-art of CMOS processing and electrical characterization, including the integration of Group IV semiconductors-based photonics. The book goes into the pitfalls and opportunities associated with the use of hetero-epitaxy on silicon with strain engineering and the integration of photonics and high-mobility channels on a silicon platform. It begins with the basic definitions and equations, but extends to present technologies and challenges, creating a roadmap on the origins of the technology and its evolution to the present, along with a vision for future trends. The book examines the challenges and opportunities that materials beyond silicon provide, including a close look at high-k materials and metal gate, strain engineering, channel material and mobility, and contacts. The book's key approach is on characterizations, device processing and electrical measurements.

These proceedings present selected research papers from CISC'18, held in Wenzhou, China. The topics include Multi-Agent Systems, Networked Control Systems, Intelligent Robots, Complex System Theory and Swarm Behavior, Event-Triggered Control and Data-Driven Control, Robust and Adaptive Control, Big Data and Brain Science, Process Control, Nonlinear and Variable Structure Control, Intelligent Sensor and Detection Technology, Deep learning and Learning Control Guidance, Navigation and Control of Flight Vehicles, and so on. Engineers and researchers from academia, industry, and government can get an insight view of the solutions combining ideas from multiple disciplines in the field of intelligent systems.

Tutorial for analytical and scientific approaches related to LEO satellites ground station performance, including math, experiments, and simulations. Ground Station Design and Analysis for LEO satellites provides complete instructions and steps for ground station performance evaluation, including stations dedicated for scientific or communication purposes, and offers the reader an enhanced learning experience by proposing 40 ideas related to ground station performance assessment. Each idea goes over the math analysis, experiment or simulation, the methodology applied, the results, and a conclusion. This approach provides the reader with the opportunity to compare theoretical results with on-site results, guiding the reader towards intelligent and practical performance evaluation and enhancement. The text also considers the future emerging developments of LEO satellites and their challenges and applications, including multimedia and other scientific applications. Stemming from the highly qualified author's research work of roughly 20 years, Ground Station Design and Analysis for LEO Satellites includes information on: Interference aspects, covering intermodulation interference modeling for LEO satellite ground stations and downlink adjacent interference for LEO search and rescue satellites Sun synchronization, covering nodal regression and Sun synchronization of low Earth orbits through inclination angle. Horizon plane and communication duration, covering communications duration with LEO satellites under ideal, practical and designed horizon plane for LEO satellite ground stations Figure of merit and system noise temperature, covering composite and antenna noise temperature, Sun noise experiment and desensibilization measurements at LEO satellite ground stations Ground Station Design and Analysis for LEO Satellites is an innovative and advanced tutorial-based resource that will appeal to satellite engineers (operators/vendors) working on the operation, maintenance, and performance evaluation of ground stations, as well as postgraduate students/early-stage researchers wishing to obtain knowledge on this state-of-the-art technology.

Wide bandgap semiconductors, made from such materials as GaN, SiC, diamond and ZnSe, are undergoing a strong resurgence in recent years, principally because of their direct bandgaps which give them a huge advantage over the indirect gap SiC. As an example, more than 10 million blue LEDs using this technology are sold each month, and new, high-brightness (15 lumens per watt), very-long-lifetime white LEDs are under development with the potential to replace incandescent bulbs in many situations.

WIDE BANDGAP SEMICONDUCTORS provides readers with a broad overview of this rapidly expanding technology, bringing them up to speed on new discoveries and commercial applications. It provides specific technical explanations of key processes such as laser diodes, LEDs and very high temperature electronic controls on engines, focusing on doping, etching, oxidation passivation, growth techniques, and more...

The volume also explores the potential use of these semiconductors in HDTV, power conditioning devices, and high power microwave applications. The contributors are all experts in the fields of growth, processing, and characterization of these semiconductors, including II-VI compounds, processing techniques for SiC, GaN and diamond, and materials analysis of all wide gap semiconductors.

Key Features:

- Explains the development and advantages of broadgap semiconductors, showing their increasing power and their increasingly broader use in commercial and military products

- Features step-by-step explanations of key processes in the fabrication of the semiconductors, including chemistry, testing, design, and more

- Explores the need for advanced electronics capable of operation at 6000C and how silicon-on-insulator technology will meet this need

- Provides an understanding of semiconductor chemistry, thermodynamics and etching, along with technical explanations of common devices, descriptions of processing equipment and techniques, impurity testing, implantation damage, and more

Doherty Power Amplifiers: From Fundamentals to Advanced Design Methods is a great resource for both RF and microwave engineers and graduate students who want to understand and implement the technology into future base station and mobile handset systems. The book introduces the very basic operational principles of the Doherty Amplifier and its non-ideal behaviors. The different transconductance requirements for carrier and peaking amplifiers, reactive element effect, and knee voltage effect are described. In addition, several methods to correct imperfections are introduced, such as uneven input drive, gate bias adaptation, dual input drive and the offset line technique. Advanced design methods of Doherty Amplifiers are also explained, including multistage/multiway Doherty power amplifiers which can enhance the efficiency of the amplification of a highly-modulated signal. Other covered topics include signal tracking operation which increases the dynamic range, highly efficient saturated amplifiers, and broadband amplifiers, amongst other comprehensive, related topics.

Here it is--a collection of Forrest Mims's classic work from the original Popular Electronics magazine Using commonly available components and remarkable ingenuity, Forrest shows you how to build and experiment with circuits like these:
analog computers
color organs
digital phase-locked loops
frequency-to-voltage and voltage-to-frequency converters
interval timers
LED oscilloscopes
light wave communicators
magnetic field sensors
optoelectronics
pseudorandom number generators
tone sequencers
and much, much, more

In the information age, telecommunications is the pillar of a strong economy. To developing countries, restructuring this industry is a necessary step toward integration into the world economy. Restructuring telecommunications, therefore, has been a pervasive issue in the economic reform programs of many countries in recent years. However, the nature of these changes has varied widely among these nations. "Unfinished Business" examines the process of reform in Mexico and contrasts it with that of the United States, Brazil, and New Zealand, examining both the economic and technological aspects of this highly complex situation.

Using interviews with key players in the policy process, Mariscal provides a detailed analysis of key elements and figures. Her multidisciplinary perspective allows for a full exploration of the international differences in telecommunications restructuring. Going beyond simply asking why privatization and deregulation policies were successfully implemented in Mexico, the work offers a comprehensive guide to the process and impact of policy choices on telecommunications development.

This book presents the outcomes of the workshop sponsored by the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China and the UK Newton Fund, British Council Researcher Links. The Workshop was held in Harbin, China, from 14 to 17 July 2017, and brought together some thirty young (postdoctoral) researchers from China and the UK specializing in geosciences, sensor signal networks and their applications to natural disaster recovery. The Workshop presentations covered the state of the art in the area of disaster recovery and blended wireless sensor systems that act as early warning systems to mitigate the consequences of disasters and function as post-disaster recovery vehicles. This book promotes knowledge transfer and helps readers explore and identify research opportunities by highlighting research outcomes in the internationally relevant area of disaster recovery and mitigation.

Micro-nanoelectronics Devices: Modeling of Diffusion and Operation Processes concentrates on the modeling of diffusion processes and the behavior of modern integrated components, from material, to architecture. It goes through the process, the device and the circuit regarding today's widely discussed nano-electronics, both from an industry perspective and that of public entities.

Handbook of Silicon Wafer Cleaning Technology, Third Edition, provides an in-depth discussion of cleaning, etching and surface conditioning for semiconductor applications. The fundamental physics and chemistry associated with wet and plasma processing are reviewed, including surface and colloidal aspects. This revised edition includes the developments of the last ten years to accommodate a continually involving industry, addressing new technologies and materials, such as germanium and III-V compound semiconductors, and reviewing the various techniques and methods for cleaning and surface conditioning. Chapters include numerous examples of cleaning technique and their results. The book helps the reader understand the process they are using for their cleaning application and why the selected process works. For example, discussion of the mechanism and physics of contamination, metal, particle and organic includes information on particle removal, metal passivation, hydrogen-terminated silicon and other processes that engineers experience in their working environment. In addition, the handbook assists the reader in understanding analytical methods for evaluating contamination. The book is arranged in an order that segments the various cleaning techniques, aqueous and dry processing. Sections include theory, chemistry and physics first, then go into detail for the various methods of cleaning, specifically particle removal and metal removal, amongst others.

Achieve first-time-success designing RF and microwave amplifiers and oscillators using the iterative synthesis techniques provided in this practical resource. The book introduces new approaches to help you estimate the 1dB compression point of class A and class B linear circuits, initialize the fundamental component voltages and currents in a harmonic balance simulator, and more easily generate load-pull contours for class A and class B transistors.

Considered as a generalization of the Cripps approach, this independently developed method can be applied easily to control or predict the output power in single- or multi-stage amplifiers. Changes in the transistor's configuration, as well as feedback and loading can also be handled smoothly.

This book helps you:
gain greater insight into the characteristics of single-layer parallel plate capacitors and provide accurate models for them
obtain a clear picture of the stability of each stage in the amplifier and control the output power and oscillation frequency of an oscillator based on linear principles
design class A high dynamic range amplifiers, multistage power amplifiers, amplifiers with an optimum noise match and a low input VSWR, and wideband impedance-matching networks

The book also includes all of the design principles, theory, and background from the well-received first edition. It is an excellent resource for amplifier and oscillator designers, RF and microwave engineers, and university students.

This book focuses on the design, implementation and applications of embedded systems and advanced industrial controls with microcontrollers. It combines classical and modern control theories as well as practical control programming codes to help readers learn control techniques easily and effectively. The book covers both linear and nonlinear control techniques to help readers understand modern control strategies. The author provides a detailed description of the practical considerations and applications in linear and nonlinear control systems. They concentrate on the ARM (R) Cortex (R)-M4 MCU system built by Texas Instruments (TM) called TM4C123GXL, in which two ARM (R) Cortex (R)-M4 MCUs, TM4C123GH6PM, are utilized. In order to help the reader develop and build application control software for a specified microcontroller unit. Readers can quickly develop and build their applications by using sample project codes provided in the book to access specified peripherals. The book enables readers to transfer from one interfacing protocol to another, even if they only have basic and fundamental understanding and basic knowledge of one interfacing function. Classical and Modern Controls with Microcontrollers is a powerful source of information for control and systems engineers looking to expand their programming knowledge of C, and of applications of embedded systems with microcontrollers. The book is a textbook for college students majored in CE, EE and ISE to learn and study classical and modern control technologies. The book can also be adopted as a reference book for professional programmers working in modern control fields or related to intelligent controls and embedded computing and applications. Advances in Industrial Control reports and encourages the transfer of technology in control engineering. The rapid development of control technology has an impact on all areas of the control discipline. The series offers an opportunity for researchers to present an extended exposition of new work in all aspects of industrial control.

This book presents the most important tools, techniques, strategy and diagnostic methods used in industrial engineering. The current widely accepted methods of diagnosis and their properties are discussed. Also, the possible fruitful areas for further research in the field are identified.

Spacecraft Dynamics and Control: The Embedded Model Control Approach provides a uniform and systematic way of approaching space engineering control problems from the standpoint of model-based control, using state-space equations as the key paradigm for simulation, design and implementation. The book introduces the Embedded Model Control methodology for the design and implementation of attitude and orbit control systems. The logic architecture is organized around the embedded model of the spacecraft and its surrounding environment. The model is compelled to include disturbance dynamics as a repository of the uncertainty that the control law must reject to meet attitude and orbit requirements within the uncertainty class. The source of the real-time uncertainty estimation/prediction is the model error signal, as it encodes the residual discrepancies between spacecraft measurements and model output. The embedded model and the uncertainty estimation feedback (noise estimator in the book) constitute the state predictor feeding the control law. Asymptotic pole placement (exploiting the asymptotes of closed-loop transfer functions) is the way to design and tune feedback loops around the embedded model (state predictor, control law, reference generator). The design versus the uncertainty class is driven by analytic stability and performance inequalities. The method is applied to several attitude and orbit control problems.