The advent of tropical medicine was a direct consequence of European and American imperialism, when military personnel, colonial administrators, businessmen, and settlers encountered a new set of diseases endemic to the tropics. Professor Farley describes how governments and organizations in Britain, the British colonies, the United States, Central and South America, South Africa, China, and the World Health Organization faced one particular tropical disease, bilharzia or schistosomiasis. Bilharzia is caused by a species of blood vessel-inhabiting parasitic worms and today afflicts over 200 million people in seventy-four countries. John Farley demonstrates that British and American imperial policies and attitudes largely determined the nature of tropical medicine. Western medical practitioners defined the type of medical system that was imposed on the indigenous populations; they dictated which diseases were important and worthy of study, which diseases were to be controlled, and which control methods were to be used.

A practical book for professionals who rely on water quality data for decision making, this book is based on three decades experience of three highly published water and watershed resource professionals. It focuses on the analysis of air pollution sensitive waters and the consequent effects associated with soil and water acidification, nutrient-N enrichment, or the effects of atmospherically deposited toxic substances. It also covers lake zooplankton and/or stream macroinvertebrate biomonitors. Explanations of the reasons behind various recommendations provide readers with the tools needed to alter recommended protocols to match particular study needs and budget.

The role of the Colonial Medical Service - the organisation responsible for healthcare in British overseas territories - goes to the heart of the British Colonial project. "Practising Colonial Medicine" is a unique study based on original sources and research into the work of doctors who served in East Africa. It shows the formulation of a distinct colonial identity based on factors of race, class, background, training and Colonial Service traditions, buttressed by professional skills and practice. Anna Crozier analyses all aspects of recruitment, qualifications, training as well as the vital personal factors that shaped the Service's character - religion, a sense of adventure, professional interest, ideas of imperial service, family traditions, professional ties, perceptions of service to humanity and the building up of a common service mentality among colonial medical staff. This is the first comprehensive history of the Colonial Medical Service and makes an important contribution to our understanding of the social and cultural aspects of medical history.

Presents an overview of current and developing treatment technologies for water polluted with emerging pollutants Gives in-depth account and analysis of advanced materials and methods for separation and treatment Reviews analytical techniques applied to detect emerging pollutants Discusses overall effect of policies on current chemicals/plastics/APIs in the market Includes pertinent case studies and regulations

Nanotechnology has the potential to play an important role in increasing the sustainability of a wide range of industrial sectors. Nanomaterials could contribute to more sustainable manufacturing through cleaner, less wasteful production processes and can substitute conventional materials, leading to savings in raw materials and energy. Nanotechnology for Sustainable Manufacturing discusses recent progress in the areas of energy and materials efficiency related to resource savings and conservation of raw materials, which are drivers for the application of nanotechnology in the industrial setting. Written by leading experts from Europe, North America, Asia, and Australia, the book provides an innovative perspective by establishing connections between the subject areas associated with nanotechnology and by bridging the academic and industrial research gap. The topics covered include electronics, agrifood, aerospace, pulp and paper manufacturing, batteries, catalysts, solar energy, fuel cells, drinking water, and construction materials. The chapters offer insights into the diverse industries that are currently or likely to be impacted by developments in nanotechnology and nanomaterials. They cover applications such as nanotechnology for alternative energy generation, improving water quality, and novel uses in agriculture and forest products. The book also addresses the use of life-cycle analysis for assessing the sustainability of nanotechnology-based products and processes.

This contributed volume motivates and educates across fields about the major challenges in global health and the interdisciplinary strategies for solving them. Once the purview of public health, medicine, and nursing, global health is now an interdisciplinary endeavor that relies on expertise from anthropology to urban planning, economics to political science, geography to engineering. Scholars and practitioners in the health sciences are seeking knowledge from a wider array of fields while, simultaneously, students across majors have a growing interest in humanitarian issues and are pursuing knowledge and skills for impacting well-being across geographic and disciplinary borders. Using a highly practical approach and illustrative case studies, each chapter of this edited volume frames a particular problem and illustrates how interdisciplinary problem-solving can address the greatest challenges in global health today. In doing so, each chapter spurs critical and creative thinking about emergent and future problems. Topics explored among the chapters include: Transforming health and well-being for refugees and their communities Governing to deliver safe and affordable water The global crisis of antimicrobial resistance Low-tech, high-impact interventions to prevent neonatal mortality Communicating taboo health subjects Alternative housing delivery for slum upgrades Transforming Global Health: Interdisciplinary Challenges, Perspectives, and Strategies is a vital and timely compendium for any reader invested in improving global health equity. It will find an audience with researchers, practitioners, policymakers, and program implementers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students and faculty in the fields of global health, public health, and the health sciences.

Designed to demystify chemistry for the non-chemist, Rapid Review of Chemistry for the Life Sciences and Engineering is a useful reference manual for life scientists and engineers, who may have forgotten a formula, principle, or concept in the college chemistry taken a few years ago. With over 100 solved examples, from balancing chemical reactions, doing stoichiometry, and understanding nomenclature rules in both organic and inorganic chemistry, to calculating half-lives in kinetics or radioactive decay schemes, understanding colligative properties of solutions, and interpreting toxicities of hazardous materials, this book is intended to make reviewing and understanding chemistry much clearer and easier. Relevant diagrams are in color and solved examples are organized by subject/topic and cross-referenced by page and chapter number. It may also serve as a concise go-to sidekick for students, who are not chemistry majors, taking chemistry at the college level and having difficulty understanding the scope, focus, language, or equations in their chemistry textbook. Armed with select, contemporary applications, it is written in the hope to bridge a gap between chemists and non-chemists, so that they may communicate with and understand each other. Chapters 1-10 are designed to contain the standard material in an introductory college chemistry course. Chapters 11-15 present applications of chemistry that should interest and appeal to scientists and engineers engaged in a variety of fields. Additional features More than 100 solved examples clearly illustrated and explained with SI units and conversion to other units using conversion tables included Assists the reader to understand organic and inorganic compounds along with their structures, including isomers, enantiomers, and congeners of organic compounds Provides a quick and easy access to basic chemical concepts and specific examples of solved problems Ideal sidekick for students who are non-chemistry majors taking intro. college chemistry, needing clear, concise explanations This concise, user-friendly review of general and organic chemistry with environmental applications will be of interest to all disciplines and backgrounds.

Extensive revision of the discussion questions at the end of each chapter to require more critical thinking skills Updates to the environmental data Includes a glossary of important terms An excellent, user friendly and thought-provoking presentation which will appeal to students with little or no science background A qualitative approach to the chemistry behind many of our environmental issues today

Every person on our home planet is affected by a worldwide deluge of man-made chemicals and pollutants - most of which have never been tested for safety. Our chemical emissions are six times larger than our total greenhouse gas emissions. They are in our food, our water, the air we breathe, our homes and workplaces, the things we use each day. This universal poisoning affects our minds, our bodies, our genes, our grandkids, and all life on Earth. Julian Cribb describes the full scale of the chemical catastrophe we have unleashed. He proposes a new Human Right - not to be poisoned. He maps an empowering and hopeful way forward: to rid our planet of these toxins and return Earth to the clean, healthy condition which our forebears enjoyed, and our grandchildren should too.

Most investigations of foreign-born migrants emphasize the successful adjustment and settlement of newcomers. Yet suicide, heavy drinking, violence, family separations, and domestic disharmony were but a few of the possible struggles experienced by those who relocated abroad in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, and were among the chief reasons for committal to an asylum. Significant analysis of this problem, addressing the interconnected issues of migration, ethnicity, and insanity, has to date received little attention from the scholarly community. This international collection examines the difficulties that migrants faced in adjustment abroad, through a focus on migrants and mobile peoples, issues of ethnicity, and the impact of migration on the mental health of refugees. It further extends the migration paradigm beyond patients to incorporate the international exchange of medical ideas and institutional practices, and the recruitment of a medical workforce. These issues are explored through case studies which utilize different social and cultural historical methods, but with a shared twin purpose: to uncover the related histories of migration, ethnicity, and mental health, and to extend existing scholarly frameworks and findings in this under-developed field of inquiry.

Volume 5 of the 5-volume Quantum Nanochemistry focuses on modeling and predicting of the enzyme kinetics and quantitative structure-activity relationships. It reveals the quantum implications to bio-organic and bio-inorganic systems, to enzyme kinetics, and to pharmacophore binding sites of chemical-biological interaction of molecules through cell membranes in targeting specific bindings modeled by celebrated QSARs (Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships) here reshaped as Qu-SAR (Quantum Structure-Activity Relationships).

Fundamentals of Frontline Surgery is an easy to read text, written by world class faculty, that provides clinicians with succinct and didactic information about what to do in high intensity, resource limited situations.With global conflicts and humanitarian emergencies on the rise, there has been a dramatic uptake in the number of volunteers for both military and humanitarian operations. This manual aids best practice and fast decision making in the field.

This book aims to fill a gap in the current construction health and safety research and discover new knowledge about work stress induced chronic diseases among construction industry professionals. In achieving these aims, the book investigates: the nature and extent of psychosocial stressors experienced by construction professionals, stress management tactics applied and the impact on mental health the prevalence and occurrence patterns of serious chronic conditions such as insomnia, obesity, musculoskeletal disorders and vision impairment aetiological pathways from job stressors through chronic diseases to job performance. While there are many studies, policies and regulations aiming to look after the health of construction workers, little attention is paid to construction professionals. By applying advanced analytical methods to data collected in a national survey of construction professionals in Australia, the author presents new scientific evidence which can be used to help establish equitable workers' compensation treatments and outcomes for construction professionals in line with other professions. Moreover, the research and analysis are underpinned by theories and literature from public health and epidemiological disciplines in addition to literature from construction, and work health, safety and wellbeing domains. It is essential reading for any health policy makers and researchers in the fields of health and safety and construction management.

Renewable fuel research and process development requires interdisciplinary approaches involving chemists and physicists from both scientific and engineering backgrounds. Here is an important volume that emphasizes green chemistry and green engineering principles for sustainable process development from an interdisciplinary point of view. It creates an enriching knowledge base on green chemistry of biofuel production, sustainable process development, and green engineering principles for renewable fuel production. This book includes chapters contributed by both research scientists and research engineers with significant experience in biofuel chemistry and processes. The book offers an abundance of scientific experimental methods and analytical procedures and interpretation of the results that capture the state-of-the-art knowledge in this field. The wide range of topics make this book a valuable resource for academicians, researchers, industrial practitioners and scientists, and engineers in various renewable energy fields. Key features: * Emphasizes green chemistry and green engineering principles for sustainable process development for biofuel production * Discusses a wide array of biofuels from algal biomass to waste-to-energy technologies and wastewater treatment and activated sludge processes * Presents advances and developments in biofuel green chemistry and green engineering, including process intensification (microwaves/ultrasound), ionic liquids, and green catalysis * Looks at environmental assessment and economic impact of biofuel production

This book gathers 22 papers which were presented at the 6th International Symposium of the ICA Commission on the History of Cartography in Dubrovnik, Croatia on 13-15 October 2016. The overall conference theme was 'The Dissemination of Cartographic Knowledge: Production - Trade - Consumption - Preservation'. The book presents original research by internationally respected authors in the field of historical cartography, offering a significant contribution to the development of this field of study, but also of geography, history and the GIS sciences. The primary target audience includes researchers, educators, postgraduate students, map librarians and archivists.

We live in unprecedented times - the Anthropocene - defined by far-reaching human impacts on the natural systems that underpin civilisation. Planetary Health explores the many environmental changes that threaten to undermine progress in human health, and explains how these changes affect health outcomes, from pandemics to infectious diseases to mental health, from chronic diseases to injuries. It shows how people can adapt to those changes that are now unavoidable, through actions that both improve health and safeguard the environment. But humanity must do more than just adapt: we need transformative changes across many sectors - energy, housing, transport, food, and health care. The book discusses specific policies, technologies, and interventions to achieve the change required, and explains how these can be implemented. It presents the evidence, builds hope in our common future, and aims to motivate action by everyone, from the general public to policymakers to health practitioners.

This study demonstrates the emergence and development of the identity of the 'military medical officer' and places their work within the broader context of changes to British medicine during the first half of the nineteenth century.

Tropical Infectious Diseases: Principles, Pathogens and Practice, by Drs. Richard L. Guerrant, David H. Walker, and Peter F. Weller, delivers the expert, encyclopedic guidance you need to overcome the toughest clinical challenges in diagnosing and treating diseases caused by infectious agents from tropical regions. Sweeping updates to this 3rd edition include vaccines, SARS, hepatitis A-E, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis and Omsk hemorrhagic fever, human papilloma virus, and mucormycosis. New full-color images throughout allow you to more accurately view the clinical manifestations of each disease and better visualize the life cycles of infectious agents. And, full-text online access at www.expertconsult.com enables you to perform quick searches and rapidly locate and download images. Definitive, state-of-the-art coverage of pathophysiology as well as clinical management makes this the reference you'll want to consult - online and in print - whenever you are confronted with tropical infections, whether familiar or unfamiliar! Obtain complete and trustworthy advice from hundreds of the leading experts on tropical diseases worldwide, including cutting-edge summaries of pathophysiology and epidemiology as well as clinical management. Get the latest answers on vaccines, SARS, hepatitis A-E, Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis and Omsk hemorrhagic fever, human papilloma virus, mucormycosis, and much more. Implement best practices from all over the world with guidance from almost twice as many international authors - over 100 representing more than 35 countries. Accurately view the clinical manifestations of each disease and visualize the life cycles of infectious agents with new full-color images throughout. Access the complete contents online at www.expertconsult.com, rapidly searchable; rapidly locate and download all of the images in either PowerPoint or JPEG format; and follow links to PubMed abstracts for most references. Reference the book more easily thanks to a new streamlined, single-volume format, with all of the references online. Be fully prepared to treat both the expected and the unfamiliar with Guerrant, Walker and Weller's ultimate encyclopedic guide to tropical medicine.

Military Injury Biomechanics: The Cause and Prevention of Impact Injuries is a reference manual where information and data from a large number of sources, focussing on injuries related to military events, has been critically reviewed and discussed. The book covers the cause and prevention of impact injuries to all the major body regions, while topics such as the historical background of military impact biomechanics, the history and use of anthropomorphic test devices for military applications and the medical management of injuries are also discussed. An international team of experts have been brought together to examine and review the topics. The book is intended for researchers, postgraduate students and others working or studying defence and impact injuries.

Analytical pyrolysis allows scientists to use routine laboratory instrumentation for analyzing complex, opaque, or insoluble samples more effectively than other analytical techniques alone. Analytical Pyrolysis Handbook, Third Edition is a practical guide to the application of pyrolysis techniques to various samples and sample types for a diversity of fields including microbiology, forensic science, industrial research, and environmental analysis. The much-anticipated third edition incorporates recent technological advances that increase the technique's sensitivity to trace elements, improve its reproducibility, and expand its applicability. The book reviews the types of instrumentation available to perform pyrolysis and offers guidance for interfacing instruments and integrating other analytical techniques, including gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Fully updated with new sample pyrograms, figures, references, and real-world examples, this edition also highlights new areas of application including cultural materials, forensic analysis, and environmental studies. This book illustrates how the latest advances make pyrolysis a practical, cost-effective, reliable, and flexible alternative for increasingly complex sample analyses. Analytical Pyrolysis Handbook, Third Edition is an essential, one-stop guide for determining if pyrolysis meets application-specific needs as well as performing pyrolysis and handling the data obtained.

This book presents an integrated discussion on ecotoxicology, containing both general concepts and specific ecotoxicological issues of major biological groups, extending beyond conventional systems. It explores worldwide, regional, and biocompartmentalized topics, bringing forth new points of view on global issues and addressing the increasing diversity and complexity of the ecotoxicological field. It also contains novel information on emerging contaminants, presents bioaccumulation effects on different levels of ecological organization and risk analyses, and discusses novel fields of methodological applications, including key aspects in ecotoxicological and environmental monitoring studies.

Tropical Dermatology is reviewed in this issue of Dermatologic Clinics, guest edited by Drs. Scott Norton and Aisha Sethi. Drs. Norton and Sethi have gathered a panel of experts to pen articles on topics including Buruli ulcer, Outbreaks of atypical mycobacterial disease, Streptococcal pyoderma and acute rheumatic fever, Treating MRSA in the tropics, Mosquito-borne hemorrhagic fevers, Dermatologic cases at the National Zoo, Arsenical keratoses, Chagas disease, The AAD's Botswana elective, Gentian violet and similar products used to treat pyodermas, Dermatology in Mali: Leishmaniasis, Albinism in Africa, Female genital mutilation, Use of toxic skin lightening compounds, AIDS and leprosy, and Innate immunity and anti-parasitic vaccine strategies.

A thorough and timely update, this new edition presents principles, techniques, and applications in this sub-discipline of analytical chemistry for quantifying traces of potentially toxic organic and inorganic chemical substances found in air, soil, fish, and water, as well as serum, plasma, urine, and other body fluids. The author addresses regulatory aspects, calibration, verification, and the statistical treatment of analytical data including instrument detection limits; quality assurance/quality control; sampling and sample preparation; and techniques that are used to quantify trace concentrations of organic and inorganic chemical substances. Key Features: Fundamental principles are introduced for the more significant experimental approaches to sample preparation Principles of instrumental analysis (determinative techniques) for trace organics and trace inorganics analysis An introduction to the statistical treatment of trace analytical data How to calculate instrument detection limits based on weighted least squares confidence band calibration statistics Includes an updated series of student-tested experiments

Sustainable Catalysis in Ionic Liquids provides an up-to-date overview of the relatively underexplored area of the use of room temperature ionic liquids as organocatalysts for a range of organic reactions, including polymerizations. Using organic molecules to promote reactions is an attractive option as these organic molecules can be safer than metal-based options. However, it is still important to be able to recycle and reuse these organic promoters. Ionic liquids provide this opportunity.

Most textbooks of physiology deal with idealized young adult physiology in temperate climates at sea level. Other stages of life and other environments are often covered cursorily, if at all. These more stressful circumstances and conditions are not only important in their own right, but can also help us to understand normal mechanisms more fully. Therefore, this text is complementary to the major teaching texts in physiology while still containing information essential to a thorough understanding of the subject. This book is an attempt to meet the need for a different approach. It presumes a basic knowledge of 'standard' physiology such as one acquires in a preclinical course in medicine or dentistry, or during the early years of a science course in physiology. The book will be welcomed by students and teachers of physiology.