This book covers classical and modern aerodynamics, theories and related numerical methods, for senior and first-year graduate engineering students, including: -The classical potential (incompressible) flow theories for low speed aerodynamics of thin airfoils and high and low aspect ratio wings. - The linearized theories for compressible subsonic and supersonic aerodynamics. - The nonlinear transonic small disturbance potential flow theory, including supercritical wing sections, the extended transonic area rule with lift effect, transonic lifting line and swept or oblique wings to minimize wave drag. Unsteady flow is also briefly discussed. Numerical simulations based on relaxation mixed-finite difference methods are presented and explained. - Boundary layer theory for all Mach number regimes and viscous/inviscid interaction procedures used in practical aerodynamics calculations. There are also four chapters covering special topics, including wind turbines and propellers, airplane design, flow analogies and hypersonic (rotational) flows. A unique feature of the book is its ten self-tests and their solutions as well as an appendix on special techniques of functions of complex variables, method of characteristics and conservation laws and shock waves. The book is the culmination of two courses taught every year by the two authors for the last two decades to seniors and first-year graduate students of aerospace engineering at UC Davis.

The lecture notes in this book are based on the TCC (Taught Course Centre for graduates) course given by the author in Trinity Terms of 2009-2011 at the Mathematical Institute of Oxford University. It contains more or less an elementary introduction to the mathematical theory of the Navier-Stokes equations as well as the modern regularity theory for them. The latter is developed by means of the classical PDE's theory in the style that is quite typical for St Petersburg's mathematical school of the Navier-Stokes equations.The global unique solvability (well-posedness) of initial boundary value problems for the Navier-Stokes equations is in fact one of the seven Millennium problems stated by the Clay Mathematical Institute in 2000. It has not been solved yet. However, a deep connection between regularity and well-posedness is known and can be used to attack the above challenging problem. This type of approach is not very well presented in the modern books on the mathematical theory of the Navier-Stokes equations. Together with introduction chapters, the lecture notes will be a self-contained account on the topic from the very basic stuff to the state-of-art in the field.

This book discusses the recent advances in aircraft design methodologies. It provides an overview of topics such as shape optimization, robust design and aeroelasticity, focusing on fluid-structure numerical methodologies to address static and dynamic aeroelastic problems. It demonstrates that the capability to evaluate the interaction between aerodynamics, inertia and elastic forces is important to avoid drag penalties, control system efficiency loss and generation of potentially dangerous phenomena, such as divergence, control reversal and flutter. The book particularly highlights the advances in "high fidelity" CFD-CSM coupling, describing the latest experimental research to validate the numerical fluid-structure interaction analysis methodologies resulting from the EU-funded RBF4AERO and RIBES projects.

This two-volume monograph is a comprehensive and up-to-date presentation of the theory and applications of kinetic equations. The first volume covers many-particle dynamics, Maxwell models of the Boltzmann equation (including their exact and self-similar solutions), and hydrodynamic limits beyond the Navier-Stokes level.

"Hydrothermal and Supercritical Water Processes" presents an overview on the properties and applications of water at elevated temperatures and pressures. It combines fundamentals with production process aspects. Water is an extraordinary substance. At elevated temperatures (and pressures)its properties change dramatically due to the modifications of the molecular structure of bulk water that varies from a stable three-dimensional network, formed by hydrogen bonds at low and moderate temperatures, to an assembly of separated polar water molecules at high and supercritical temperatures. With varying pressure and temperature, water is turned from a solvent for ionic species to a solvent for polar and non-polar substances. This variability and an enhanced reactivity of water have led to many practical applications and to even more research activities, related to such areas as energy transfer, extraction of functional molecules, unique chemical reactions, biomass conversion and fuel materials processing, destruction of dangerous compounds and recycling of useful ones, growth of monolithic crystals, and preparation of metallic nanoparticles.

This book provides an introduction into the wide range of activities that are possible in aqueous mixtures. It is organized to facilitate understanding of the main features, outlines the main applications, and gives access to further information
Summarizes fundamental properties of water for engineering applicationsCompares process and reactor designs Evaluates processes from thermodynamic, economic, and social impact viewpoints"

This monograph presents a synopsis of fluid dynamics based on the personal scientific experience of the author who has contributed immensely to the field. The interested reader will also benefit from the general historical context in which the material is presented in the book. The book covers a wide range of relevant topics of the field, and the main tool being rational asymptotic modelling (RAM) approach. The target audience primarily comprises experts in the field of fluid dynamics, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students.

Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is a relatively new simulation technique for the modeling of complex fluid systems and has attracted interest from researchers in computational physics. Unlike the traditional CFD methods, which solve the conservation equations of macroscopic properties (i.e., mass, momentum, and energy) numerically, LBM models the fluid consisting of fictive particles, and such particles perform consecutive propagation and collision processes over a discrete lattice mesh. This book will cover the fundamental and practical application of LBM. The first part of the book consists of three chapters starting form the theory of LBM, basic models, initial and boundary conditions, theoretical analysis, to improved models. The second part of the book consists of six chapters, address applications of LBM in various aspects of computational fluid dynamic engineering, covering areas, such as thermo-hydrodynamics, compressible flows, multicomponent/multiphase flows, microscale flows, flows in porous media, turbulent flows, and suspensions. With these coverage LBM, the book intended to promote its applications, instead of the traditional computational fluid dynamic method.

This book offers a compact primer on advanced numerical flux functions in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It comprehensively introduces readers to methods used at the forefront of compressible flow simulation research. Further, it provides a comparative evaluation of the methods discussed, helping readers select the best numerical flux function for their specific needs. The first two chapters of the book reviews finite volume methods and numerical functions, before discussing issues commonly encountered in connection with each. The third and fourth chapter, respectively, address numerical flux functions for ideal gases and more complex fluid flow cases- multiphase flows, supercritical fluids and magnetohydrodynamics. In closing, the book highlights methods that provide high levels of accuracy. The concise content provides an overview of recent advances in CFD methods for shockwaves. Further, it presents the author's insights into the advantages and disadvantages of each method, helping readers implement the numerical methods in their own research.

Based on the author's many years of lectures and tutorials at Novosibirsk State University and the University of Manchester, Physics of Continuous Media: Problems and Solutions in Electromagnetism, Fluid Mechanics and MHD, Second Edition takes a problems-based approach to teaching continuous media. The book's problems and detailed solutions make it an ideal companion text for advanced physics and engineering courses. Suitable for any core physics program, this revised and expanded edition includes a new chapter on magnetohydrodynamics as well as additional problems and more detailed solutions. Each chapter begins with a summary of the definitions and equations that are necessary to understand and tackle the problems that follow. The text also provides numerous references throughout, including Landau and Lifshitz's famous course of theoretical physics and original journal publications.

Elements of Fluid Dynamics is intended to be a basic textbook, useful for undergraduate and graduate students in different fields of engineering, as well as in physics and applied mathematics. The main objective of the book is to provide an introduction to fluid dynamics in a simultaneously rigorous and accessible way, and its approach follows the idea that both the generation mechanisms and the main features of the fluid dynamic loads can be satisfactorily understood only after the equations of fluid motion and all their physical and mathematical implications have been thoroughly assimilated. Therefore, the complete equations of motion of a compressible viscous fluid are first derived and their physical and mathematical aspects are thoroughly discussed. Subsequently, the necessity of simplified treatments is highlighted, and a detailed analysis is made of the assumptions and range of applicability of the incompressible flow model, which is then adopted for most of the rest of the book. Furthermore, the role of the generation and dynamics of vorticity on the development of different flows is emphasized, as well as its influence on the characteristics, magnitude and predictability of the fluid dynamic loads acting on moving bodies.The book is divided into two parts which differ in target and method of utilization. The first part contains the fundamentals of fluid dynamics that are essential for any student new to the subject. This part of the book is organized in a strictly sequential way, i.e. each chapter is assumed to be carefully read and studied before the next one is tackled, and its aim is to lead the reader in understanding the origin of the fluid dynamic forces on different types of bodies. The second part of the book is devoted to selected topics that may be of more specific interest to different students. In particular, some theoretical aspects of incompressible flows are first analysed and classical applications of fluid dynamics such as the aerodynamics of airfoils, wings and bluff bodies are then described. The one-dimensional treatment of compressible flows is finally considered, together with its application to the study of the motion in ducts.

The advancements in micro- and nano-fabrication techniques, especially in the last couple of decades, have led research communities, over the world, to invest unprecedented levels of attention on the science and technology of micro- and nano-scale devices and the concerned applications. With an intense focus on micro- and nanotechnology from a fluidic perspective, Microfluidics and Microscale Transport Processes provides a broad review of advances in this field. A comprehensive compendium of key indicators to recent developments in some very active research topics in microscale transport processes, it supplies an optimal balance between discussions of concrete applications and development of fundamental understanding. The chapters discuss a wide range of issues in the sub-domains of capillary transport, fluidic resistance, electrokinetics, substrate modification, rotational microfluidics, and the applications of the phenomena of these sub-domains in diverse situations ranging from non-biological to biological ones like DNA hybridization and cellular biomicrofluidics. The book also addresses a generic problem of particle transport in nanoscale colloidal suspensions and includes a chapter on Lattice-Boltzmann methods for phase-changing problems which represents a generic particle based approach that may be useful to address many microfluidic problems of interdisciplinary relevance.

Elements of Fluid Dynamics is intended to be a basic textbook, useful for undergraduate and graduate students in different fields of engineering, as well as in physics and applied mathematics. The main objective of the book is to provide an introduction to fluid dynamics in a simultaneously rigorous and accessible way, and its approach follows the idea that both the generation mechanisms and the main features of the fluid dynamic loads can be satisfactorily understood only after the equations of fluid motion and all their physical and mathematical implications have been thoroughly assimilated. Therefore, the complete equations of motion of a compressible viscous fluid are first derived and their physical and mathematical aspects are thoroughly discussed. Subsequently, the necessity of simplified treatments is highlighted, and a detailed analysis is made of the assumptions and range of applicability of the incompressible flow model, which is then adopted for most of the rest of the book. Furthermore, the role of the generation and dynamics of vorticity on the development of different flows is emphasized, as well as its influence on the characteristics, magnitude and predictability of the fluid dynamic loads acting on moving bodies.The book is divided into two parts which differ in target and method of utilization. The first part contains the fundamentals of fluid dynamics that are essential for any student new to the subject. This part of the book is organized in a strictly sequential way, i.e. each chapter is assumed to be carefully read and studied before the next one is tackled, and its aim is to lead the reader in understanding the origin of the fluid dynamic forces on different types of bodies. The second part of the book is devoted to selected topics that may be of more specific interest to different students. In particular, some theoretical aspects of incompressible flows are first analysed and classical applications of fluid dynamics such as the aerodynamics of airfoils, wings and bluff bodies are then described. The one-dimensional treatment of compressible flows is finally considered, together with its application to the study of the motion in ducts.

Knowledge of added body masses that interact with fluid is necessary in various research and applied tasks of hydro- and aeromechanics: steady and unsteady motion of rigid bodies, total vibration of bodies in fluid, local vibration of the external plating of different structures. This reference book contains data on added masses of ships and various ship and marine engineering structures. Also theoretical and experimental methods for determining added masses of these objects are described. A major part of the material is presented in the format of final formulas and plots which are ready for practical use.

The book summarises all key material that was published in both Russian and English-language literature.

This volume is intended for technical specialists of shipbuilding and related industries.

The author is one of the leading Russian experts in the area of ship hydrodynamics.

Dynamical Problems for Geometrically Exact Theories of Nonlinearly Viscoelastic Rods.- The Limits of Hamiltonian Structures in Three-Dimensional Elasticity, Shells, and Rods.- The Membrane Shell Model in Nonlinear Elasticity: A Variational Asymptotic Derivation.- Gravity Waves on the Surface of the Sphere.- A Nonlinear Extensible 4-Node Shell Element Based on Continuum Theory and Assumed Strain Interpolations.- Multilayer Beams: A Geometrically Exact Formulation.- Obstructions to Quantization.- An Impetus-Striction Simulation of the Dynamics of an Elastica.- A Symplectic Integrator for Riemannian Manifolds.- Time Integration and Discrete Hamiltonian Systems.- Problems and Progress in Microswimming.- Symmetry Methods in Collisionless Many-Body Problems.- Mathematical Analysis of Sideband Instabilities with Application to Rayleigh-Benard Convection.- KAM Theory Near Multiplicity One Resonant Surfaces in Perturbations of A-Priori Stable Hamiltonian Systems.- Constrained Euler Buckling.- Continuity Properties and Global Attractors of Generalized Semiflows and the Navier-Stokes Equations.- Stacked Lagrange Tops.- On the Bifurcation and Stability of Rigidly Rotating Inviscid Liquid Bridges.

Since the publication of "Spectral Methods in Fluid Dynamics" 1988, spectral methods have become firmly established as a mainstream tool for scientific and engineering computation. The authors of that book have incorporated into this new edition the many improvements in the algorithms and the theory of spectral methods that have been made since then. This latest book retains the tight integration between the theoretical and practical aspects of spectral methods, and the chapters are enhanced with material on the Galerkin with numerical integration version of spectral methods. The discussion of direct and iterative solution methods is also greatly expanded.

This book consists of important contributions by world-renowned experts on adaptive high-order methods in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It covers several widely used, and still intensively researched methods, including the discontinuous Galerkin, residual distribution, finite volume, differential quadrature, spectral volume, spectral difference, PNPM, and correction procedure via reconstruction methods. The main focus is applications in aerospace engineering, but the book should also be useful in many other engineering disciplines including mechanical, chemical and electrical engineering. Since many of these methods are still evolving, the book will be an excellent reference for researchers and graduate students to gain an understanding of the state of the art and remaining challenges in high-order CFD methods.

This book is a collection of research papers selected for presentation at the International Conference on Smart Computational Methods in Continuum Mechanics 2021, organized by Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology and the Institute for Computer Aided Design of Russian Academy of Sciences. The work is presented in two volumes. The primary objective of the book is to report the state-of-the-art on smart computational paradigms in continuum mechanics and explore the use of artificial intelligence paradigms such as neural nets, and machine learning for improving the performance of the designed engineering systems. The book includes up-to-date smart computational methods which are used to solve problems in continuum mechanics, engineering, seismic prospecting, non-destructive testing, and so on. The main features of the book are the research papers on the application of novel smart methods including neural nets and machine learning, computational algorithms, smart software systems, and high-performance computer systems for solving complex engineering problems. The case studies pertaining to the real-world applications in the above fields are included. The book presents a collection of best research papers in English language from some of the world leaders in the field of smart system modelling and design of engineering systems.

This volume contains 25 review articles by experts which provide up-to-date information about the recent progress in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Due to the multidisciplinary nature of CFD, it is difficult to keep up with all the important developments in related areas. CFD Review 2010 would therefore be useful to researchers by covering the state-of-the-art in this fast-developing field.

The standard textbooks on aerodynamics usually omit any discussion of un steady aerodynamics or, at most, consider it only in a single chapter, based on two justifications. The first is that unsteady aerodynamics should be regarded as a specialized subject required "only" in connection with understanding and an alyzing aeroelastic phenomena such as flutter and gust response, and therefore should be dealt with in related specialist books. The second reason appears to be reluctance to discuss aerodynamics with the inclusion of the time-dependent terms in the conservation equations and the boundary conditions for fear that added complications may discourage the reader. We take the opposite view in this book and argue that a full understanding of the physics of lift generation is possible only by considering the unsteady aerody namics of the starting vortex generation process. Furthermore, certain "steady" flows are inherently unsteady in the presence of flow separation, as for example the unsteady flow caused by the Karman vortex shedding downstream of a cylin der and "static" airfoil stall which is an inherently unsteady flow phenomenon. Therefore, it stands to reason that a unified treatment of aerodynamics that yields steady-state aerodynamics as a special case offers advantages. This rea soning is strengthened by the developments in computational fluid dynamics over the past forty years, which showed that accurate steady-state solutions can be obtained efficiently by solving the unsteady flow equations.

This book is devoted to analysis of Monte Carlo methods developed in rarefied gas dynamics. Presented is the short history of the development of such methods, described are their main properties, their advantages and deficiencies. It is shown that the contemporary stage in the progress of computational methods cannot be regarded without a complex approach to the preparation of algorithms taking into account all the peculiarities of the problem under consideration, that is, of the physical nature of a process, the mathematical model and the theoretical aspects of computational mathematics and stochastic processes. Thoroughly investigated is the possibility of application of Monte Carlo methods in some kindred areas of science which are non-traditional for the use of statistical modeling (continuous media, turbulence). Considered are the possible directions of development of statistical modeling.

The interaction of a fluid with a solid body is a widespread phenomenon in nature, occurring at different scales and different applied disciplines. Interestingly enough, even though the mathematical theory of the motion of bodies in a liquid is one of the oldest and most classical problems in fluid mechanics, mathematicians have, only very recently, become interested in a systematic study of the basic problems related to fluid-structure interaction, from both analytical and numerical viewpoints.

Fundamental Trends in Fluid-Structure Interaction is a unique collection of important papers written by world-renowned experts aimed at furnishing the highest level of development in several significant areas of fluid-structure interactions. The contributions cover several aspects of this discipline, from mathematical analysis, numerical simulation and modeling viewpoints, including motion of rigid and elastic bodies in a viscous liquid, particulate flow and hemodynamic.

Environmental fluid mechanics (EFM) is the scientific study of transport, dispersion and transformation processes in natural fluid flows on our planet Earth, from the microscale to the planetary scale. This book brings together scientists and engineers working in research institutions, universities and academia, who engage in the study of theoretical, modeling, measuring and software aspects in environmental fluid mechanics. It provides a forum for the participants, and exchanges new ideas and expertise through the presentations of up-to-date and recent overall achievements in this field.

This is an introductory textbook on the geometrical theory of dynamical systems, fluid flows and certain integrable systems. The topics are interdisciplinary and extend from mathematics, mechanics and physics to mechanical engineering, and the approach is very fundamental. The main theme of this book is a unified formulation to understand dynamical evolutions of physical systems within mathematical ideas of Riemannian geometry and Lie groups by using well-known examples. Underlying mathematical concepts include transformation invariance, covariant derivative, geodesic equation and curvature tensors on the basis of differential geometry, theory of Lie groups and integrability. These mathematical theories are applied to physical systems such as free rotation of a top, surface wave of shallow water, action principle in mechanics, diffeomorphic flow of fluids, vortex motions and some integrable systems.In the latest edition, a new formulation of fluid flows is also presented in a unified fashion on the basis of the gauge principle of theoretical physics and principle of least action along with new type of Lagrangians. A great deal of effort has been directed toward making the description elementary, clear and concise, to provide beginners easy access to the topics.

Many chemical and biological processes take place in fluid environments in constant motion -- chemical reactions in the atmosphere, biological population dynamics in the ocean, chemical reactors, combustion, and microfluidic devices. Applications of concepts from the field of nonlinear dynamical systems have led to significant progress over the last decade in the theoretical understanding of complex phenomena observed in such systems. This book introduces the theoretical approaches for describing mixing and transport in fluid flows. It reviews the basic concepts of dynamical phenomena arising from the nonlinear interactions in chemical and biological systems. The coverage includes a comprehensive overview of recent results on the effect of mixing on spatial structure and the dynamics of chemically and biologically active components in fluid flows, in particular oceanic plankton dynamics.

Data-driven methods have become an essential part of the methodological portfolio of fluid dynamicists, motivating students and practitioners to gather practical knowledge from a diverse range of disciplines. These fields include computer science, statistics, optimization, signal processing, pattern recognition, nonlinear dynamics, and control. Fluid mechanics is historically a big data field and offers a fertile ground for developing and applying data-driven methods, while also providing valuable shortcuts, constraints, and interpretations based on its powerful connections to basic physics. Thus, hybrid approaches that leverage both methods based on data as well as fundamental principles are the focus of active and exciting research. Originating from a one-week lecture series course by the von Karman Institute for Fluid Dynamics, this book presents an overview and a pedagogical treatment of some of the data-driven and machine learning tools that are leading research advancements in model-order reduction, system identification, flow control, and data-driven turbulence closures.