This book is intended as a textbook for a first course in computational fluid dynamics and will be of interest to researchers and practitioners as well. It emphasizes fundamental concepts in developing, analyzing, and understanding numerical methods for the partial differential equations governing the physics of fluid flow. The linear convection and diffusion equations are used to illustrate concepts throughout. The chosen approach, in which the partial differential equations are reduced to ordinary differential equations, and finally to difference equations, gives the book its distinctiveness and provides a sound basis for a deep understanding of the fundamental concepts in computational fluid dynamics.

Moving Particle Semi-implicit Method: A Meshfree Particle Method for Fluid Dynamics begins by familiarizing the reader with basic theory that supports their journey through sections on advanced MPH methods. The unique insights that this method provides include fluid-structure interaction, non-Newtonian flow, and cavitation, making it relevant to a wide range of applications in the mechanical, structural, and nuclear industries, and in bioengineering. Co-authored by the originator of the MPS method, this book is the most authoritative guide available. It will be of great value to students, academics and researchers in industry.

Covers heat transfer techniques in utilization of base fluids application of phase change materials (PCMs) Describes preparation and characterization of nanofluids and nano based PCMs Explains how nanoscience can be utilized in heat transfer studies Reviews conventional heat transfer fluids

This is a comprehensive biography of Ludwig Prandtl (1875-1953), the father of modern aerodynamics. His name is associated most famously with the boundary layer concept, but also with several other topics in 20th century fluid mechanics, particularly turbulence (Prandtl's mixing length). Among his disciples are pioneers of modern fluid mechanics such as Heinrich Blasius, Theodore von Karman and Walter Tollmien. Furthermore, Prandtl founded the Aerodynamische Versuchsanstalt (AVA) and the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut fur Stroemungsforschung in Goettingen, both of them seeds for the growth of fluid mechanics in Germany. Yet Prandtl was also a representative of aeronautical research - from Imperial Germany via the Weimar Republic to the "Third Reich". Although not a party member, he assumed the role of a goodwill ambassador for Nazi Germany. This objective treatment of his career will be of interest to all scientists and historians wanting to learn more about Prandtl's influence and the early development of fluid- and aerodynamics.

Mass Transfer-Driven Evaporation from Capillary Porous Media offers a comprehensive review of mass transfer-driven drying processes in capillary porous media, including pore-scale and macro-scale experiments and models. It covers kinetics of drying of a single pore, pore-scale experiments and models, macro-scale experiments and models, and understanding of the continuum model from pore-scale studies. The book: Explains the detailed transport processes in porous media during drying. Introduces cutting-edge visualization experiments of drying in porous media. Describes the pore network models of drying in porous media. Discusses the continuum models of drying in porous media based on pore-scale studies. Points out future research opportunities. Aimed at researchers, students and practicing engineers, this work provides vital fundamental and applied information to those working in drying technology, food processes, applied energy, and mechanical and chemical engineering.

This new edition of Classical Mechanics in Geophysical Fluid Dynamics describes the motions of rigid bodies and shows how classical mechanics has important applications to geophysics, as in the precessions of the earth, oceanic tides, and the retreat of the moon from the earth owing to the tidal friction. Unlike the more general mechanics textbooks this gives a unique presentation of these applications. The coverage of geophysical fluid dynamics has been revised, with a new chapter on various kinds of gravity waves, a new section on geostrophic turbulence, and new material on the Euler angles, the precession and nutation of a Lagrange top, Rayleigh-Benard convection, and the Ekman flow. This textbook for senior undergraduate and graduate students outlines and provides links between classical mechanics and geophysical fluid dynamics. It is particularly suitable for geophysics, meteorology, and oceanography students on mechanics and fluid dynamics courses, as well as serving as a general textbook for a course on geophysical fluid dynamics.

Leading experts present a unique, invaluable introduction to the study of the geometry and typology of fluid flows. From basic motions on curves and surfaces to the recent developments in knots and links, the reader is gradually led to explore the fascinating world of geometric and topological fluid mechanics. Geodesics and chaotic orbits, magnetic knots and vortex links, continual flows and singularities become alive with more than 160 figures and examples. In the opening article, H. K. Moffatt sets the pace, proposing eight outstanding problems for the 21st century. The book goes on to provide concepts and techniques for tackling these and many other interesting open problems.

New-Technology Flowmeters describes the origin, principle of operation, development, advantages and disadvantages, applications, and frontiers of research for new-technology flowmeters, which include Coriolis, magnetic, ultrasonic, vortex, and thermal. Focusing on the newer, faster growing flowmeter markets, the book places them in the context of more traditional meters such as differential pressure, turbine, and positive displacement. Taking an objective look at the origins of each flowmeter type, the book discusses the early patents, for each type, and which companies deserve credit for initially commercializing each flowmeter type. This book is designed for personnel involved with flowmeters and instrumentation, including product and marketing managers, strategic planners, application engineers, and distributors.

The book introduces the fundamentals and applications of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for incompressible viscous flows. It is written clearly and easy to understand for graduate students and researchers.The book is organized as follows. In Chapter 1, the SRT- and MRT-LBM schemes are derived from the discrete Boltzmann equation for lattice gases and the relation between the LBM and the Navier-Stokes equation is explained by using the asymptotic expansion (not the Chapman-Enskog expansion). Chapter 2 presents the lattice kinetic scheme (LKS) which is an extension method of the LBM and can save memory because of needlessness for storing the velocity distribution functions. In addition, an improved LKS which can stably simulate high Reynolds number flows is presented. In Chapter 3, the LBM combined with the immersed boundary method (IB-LBM) is presented. The IB-LBM is well suitable for moving boundary flows. In Chapter 4, the two-phase LBM is explained from the point of view of the difficulty in computing two-phase flows with large density ratio. Then, a two-phase LBM for large density ratios is presented. In Appendix, sample codes (available for download) are given for users.

This is the first volume of a set of two devoted to the operator approach to linear problems in hydrodynamics. It presents functional analytical methods applied to the study of small movements and normal oscillations of hydromechanical systems having cavities filled with either ideal or viscous fluids. The work is a sequel to and at the same time substantially extends the volume "Operator Methods in Linear Hydrodynamics: Evolution and Spectral Problems" by N.D. Kopachevsky, S.G. Krein and Ngo Zuy Kan, published in 1989 by Nauka in Moscow. It includes several new problems on the oscillations of partially dissipative hydrosystems and the oscillations of visco-elastic or relaxing fluids. The work relies on the authors' and their students' works of the last 30-40 years. The readers are not supposed to be familiar with the methods of functional analysis. In the first part of the present volume, the main facts of linear operator theory relevant to linearized problems of hydrodynamics are summarized, including elements of the theories of distributions, self-adjoint operators in Hilbert spaces and in spaces with an indefinite metric, evolution equations and asymptotic methods for their solutions, the spectral theory of operator pencils. The book is particularly useful for researchers, engineers and students in fluid mechanics and mathematics interested in operator theoretical methods for the analysis of hydrodynamical problems.

This volume contains papers presented at the IUTAM Symposium on Bubble Dynamics and Interface Phenomena held at the University of Birmingham from 6-9 September 1993. In many respects it follows on a decade later from the very successful IUTAM Symposium held at CALTECH in June 1981 on the Mechanics and physics of bubbles in liquids which was organised by the late Milton Plesset and Leen van Wijngaarden. The intervening period has seen major development with both experiment and theory. On the experimental side there have been ad vances with very high speed photography and data recording that provide detailed information on fluid and interface motion. Major developments in both computer hardware and software have also led to extensive improvement in our understand ing of bubble and interface dynamics although development is still limited by the sheer complexity of the laminar and turbulent flow regimes often associated with bubbly flows. The symposium attracts wide and extensive interest from engineers, physical, chemical, biological and medical scientists and applied mathematicians. The sci entific committee sought to achieve a balance between theory and experiment over a range of fields in bubble dynamics and interface phenomena. It was our intention to emphasise both the breadth and recent developments in these various fields and to encourage cross-fertilisation of ideas on both experimental techniques and theo retical developments. The programme, and the proceedings recorded herein, cover bubble dynamics, sound and wave propagation, bubbles in flow, sonoluminescence, acoustic cavitation, underwater explosions, bursting bubbles and ESWL."

With easily accessible oil reserves dwindling, petroleum engineers must have a sound understanding of how to access technically challenging resources, especially in the deepwater environment. These technically challenging resources bring with them complexities around fluid flow not normally associated with conventional production systems, and engineers must be knowledgeable about navigating these complexities. Practical Aspects of Flow Assurance in the Petroleum Industry aims to provide practical guidance on all aspects of flow assurance to offer readers a ready reference on how to ensure uninterrupted transport of processed fluids throughout the flow infrastructure by covering all practical aspects of flow assurance, being written in such a way that any engineer dealing with the oil and gas industry will be able to understand the material, containing solved examples on most topics, placing equal emphasis on experimental techniques and modeling methods, and devoting an entire chapter to the analysis and interpretation of published case studies. With its balance of theory and practical applications, this work provides petroleum engineers from a variety of backgrounds with the information needed to maintain and enhance productivity.

A detailed look at some of the more modern issues of hydrodynamic stability, including transient growth, eigenvalue spectra, secondary instability. It presents analytical results and numerical simulations, linear and selected nonlinear stability methods. By including classical results as well as recent developments in the field of hydrodynamic stability and transition, the book can be used as a textbook for an introductory, graduate-level course in stability theory or for a special-topics fluids course. It is equally of value as a reference for researchers in the field of hydrodynamic stability theory or with an interest in recent developments in fluid dynamics. Stability theory has seen a rapid development over the past decade, this book includes such new developments as direct numerical simulations of transition to turbulence and linear analysis based on the initial-value problem.

Blade Element Rotor Theory This book presents an extension of the conventional blade element rotor theory to describe the dynamic properties of helicopter rotors. The presented theory focuses on the accurate mathematical determination of the forces and moments by which a rotor affects its rotorcraft at specified flight conditions and control positions. Analyzing the impact of a blade's non-uniform properties, the book covers blade twisting, the non-rectangular planform shape of a blade, and inhomogeneous airfoil along the blade. It discusses inhomogeneous induced airflow around a rotor disc in terms of the blade element rotor theory. This book also considers the impact of flapping hinge offset on the rotor's dynamic properties. Features * Focuses on a comprehensive description and accurate determination of the rotor's aerodynamic properties * Presents precise helicopter rotor properties with inhomogeneous aerodynamic properties of rotor blades * Considers inhomogeneous distribution of induced flow * Discusses a mathematical model of a main helicopter rotor for a helicopter flight simulator This book is intended for graduate students and researchers studying rotor dynamics and helicopter flight dynamics

Analytical Heat Transfer explains how to analyze and solve conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer problems. It enables students to tackle complex engineering heat transfer problems prevalent in practice. Covering heat transfer in high-speed flows and unsteady highly turbulent flows, the book also discusses enhanced heat transfer in channels, heat transfer in rotating channels, numerical modeling for turbulent flow heat transfer, and thermally developing heat transfer in a circular tube. The second edition features new content on Duhamel's superposition method, Green's function method for transient heat conduction, finite-difference method for steady state and transient heat conduction in cylindrical coordinates, and laminar mixed convection. It includes two new chapters on laminar-to-turbulent transitional heat transfer and turbulent flow heat transfer enhancement, in addition to end-of-chapter problems. The book bridges the gap between basic heat transfer undergraduate courses and advanced heat transfer graduate courses for a single semester of intermediate heat transfer, advanced conduction/radiation heat transfer, or convection heat transfer. Features: Focuses on analyzing and solving classic heat transfer problems in conduction, convection, and radiation Covers 2-D and 3-D view factor evaluation, combined radiation with conduction and/or convection, and gas radiation optically thin and optically thick limits Features updated content and new chapters on mass and heat transfer analogy, thermally developing heat transfer in a circular tube, laminar-turbulent transitional heat transfer, unsteady highly turbulent flows, enhanced heat transfer in channels, heat transfer in rotating channels, and numerical modeling for turbulent flow heat transfer Provides step-by-step mathematical formula derivations, analytical solution procedures, and demonstration examples Includes end-of-chapter problems with an accompanying Solutions Manual for instructors This book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students studying basic heat transfer and advanced heat transfer.

Gravity pervades the whole universe; hence buoyancy drives fluids everywhere including those in the atmospheres and interiors of planets and stars. Prime examples of such flows are mantle convection, atmospheric flows, solar convection, dynamo process, heat exchangers, airships and hot air balloons. In this book we present fundamentals and applications of thermal convection and stratified flows.Buoyancy brings in extremely rich phenomena including waves and instabilities, patterns, chaos, and turbulence. In this book we present these topics in a systematic manner. First we present a unified treatment of linear theory that yields waves and thermal instability for stably and unstably-stratified flows respectively. We extend this analysis to include rotation and magnetic field. We also describe nonlinear saturation and pattern formation in Rayleigh-Benard convection.The second half of the book is dedicated to buoyancy-driven turbulence, both in stably-stratified flow and in thermal convection. We describe the spectral theory including energy flux and show that the thermally-driven turbulence is similar to hydrodynamic turbulence. We also describe large-scale quantities like Reynolds and Nusselt numbers, flow anisotropy, and the dynamics of flow structures, namely flow reversals. Thus, this book presents all the major aspects of the buoyancy-driven flows in a coherent manner that would appeal to advanced graduate students and researchers.

Praise for Hemo-Dynamics: "This book provides an elegant and intuitive derivation of the fundamental mathematics underlying fluid flow, and then applies these in a straightforward way to pulsatile blood flow in all its complexity. One of the triumphs of the book is that Zamir succeeds in making essential concepts such as the Navier-Stokes equations completely accessible to any reader with a knowledge of basic calculus. The author succeeds in conveying both the beauty of his subject matter, and his passion for the elegance and intricacies of fluid flow more generally." Lindi Wahl, PhD, Professor of Applied Mathematics, The University of Western Ontario "Incredible, the figures alone are to die for... At first glance "Hemo-Dynamics" seems like a deep engineering and modeling dive into the mechanical properties of the cardiovascular system, blood, and how they interact to generate flow and pressure. However, the text is laid out in a stepwise manner and I was especially impressed in the way that the key conceptual figures illustrate the essential concepts. In keeping with the philosophical underpinnings of engineering, Professor Zamir has also constructed his book so that the format, text, equations and the figures are self-reinforcing. This isa book that will be of great use to those who seek to understand the cardiovascular system from a mechanical and m odeling perspective." Michael J. Joyner, MD, Professor of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN

Design of Hydrodynamic Machines provides a broad, yet concise, theoretical background on the relationship between fluid dynamics and geometry. It covers the most important types of turbomachinery used in power generation industrial processes, utilities, and the oil and gas industry. Offering guidance on the hydraulic design aspect of different parts of turbomachinery, such as impellers, diffusers, volute casing, inlet and outlets, the book discusses how to conduct performance characteristics testing and evaluate performance parameters of the designed parts. It also covers aspects of CFD of turbomachinery. Readers will be able to perform hydraulic design of important turbomachinery parts using commercially available software. Intended for final year undergraduates and postgraduates in mechanical, civil, and aeronautical engineering, the book will also be useful for those involved in the hydraulic design, analysis, and testing of turbomachinery.

This book serves as a preliminary reference for the principles of thermal radiation and its modelling in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. Radiation Heat Transfer Modelling with Computational Fluid Dynamics covers strategies and processes for synthesizing radiation with CFD setups, computational techniques for solving the radiative transfer equation, the strengths and weaknesses thereof, boundary and initial conditions and relevant guidelines. Describing the strategic planning of a typical project, the book includes the spectroscopic properties of gases, some particulates and porous media. FEATURES Fills a gap between existing CFD and thermal radiation textbooks and elaborates on some aspects of user manuals. Aims at (1) CFD practitioners who are newcomers to thermal radiation and are looking for a preliminary introduction thereon and (2) modellers familiar with thermal radiation looking for a precursory introduction to CFD. The book is tilted somewhat towards the first group. Provides guidelines for choosing the right model, the strategic planning of the modelling and its implementation. Outlines the pitfalls of some solution techniques. Describes how radiation is included in the variety of boundary condition types offered by CFD codes. Helps to develop the practical skills required to plan, implement and interpret thermal radiation within the typical CFD code. Addresses a wide variety of physical circumstances in which thermal radiation plays a role. Offers ample references for readers searching for additional details. Includes several examples of practical applications, including fire, a utility boiler and car headlights in cold environments. This book is intended for researchers and professionals who wish to simulate problems that involve fluid flow and heat transfer with thermal radiation.

This volume consists of five research articles, each dedicated to a significant topic in the mathematical theory of the Navier-Stokes equations, for compressible and incompressible fluids, and to related questions. All results given here are new and represent a noticeable contribution to the subject. One of the most famous predictions of the Kolmogorov theory of turbulence is the so-called Kolmogorov-obukhov five-thirds law. As is known, this law is heuristic and, to date, there is no rigorous justification. The article of A. Biryuk deals with the Cauchy problem for a multi-dimensional Burgers equation with periodic boundary conditions. Estimates in suitable norms for the corresponding solutions are derived for "large" Reynolds numbers, and their relation with the Kolmogorov-Obukhov law are discussed. Similar estimates are also obtained for the Navier-Stokes equation. In the late sixties J. L. Lions introduced a "perturbation" of the Navier Stokes equations in which he added in the linear momentum equation the hyper dissipative term (-Ll),Bu, f3 ~ 5/4, where Ll is the Laplace operator. This term is referred to as an "artificial" viscosity. Even though it is not physically moti vated, artificial viscosity has proved a useful device in numerical simulations of the Navier-Stokes equations at high Reynolds numbers. The paper of of D. Chae and J. Lee investigates the global well-posedness of a modification of the Navier Stokes equation similar to that introduced by Lions, but where now the original dissipative term -Llu is replaced by (-Ll)O:u, 0 S Ct < 5/4.

The subject of compressible flow or gas dynamics deals with the thermo-fluid dynamic problems of gases and vapours, hence it is now an important part of both undergraduate and postgraduate curricula. Compressible Flow covers this subject in fourteen well organised chapters in a lucid style. A large mass of theoretical material and equations has been supported by a number of figures and graphical depictions. Moreover, the revised edition has an additional chapter on miscellaneous problems in compressible flow (gas dynamics)which has been designed to support the turorials, practice exercises and examinations. Problems have been specially chosen for students and engineers in the areas of aerospace, chemical, gas and mechanical engineering. Also the author's broad teaching experience is reflected in the clarity, and systematic and logical presentation of the book.

This volume comprises the communications presented at the ETC 11, the EUROMECH European Turbulence conference held in 2007 in Porto.

The scientific committee has chosen the contributions out of the following topics: Acoustics of turbulent flows; Atmospheric turbulence; Control of turbulent flows; Geophysical and astrophysical turbulence; Instability and transition; Intermittency and scaling; Large eddy simulation and related techniques; MHD turbulence; Reacting and compressible turbulence; Transport and mixing; Turbulence in multiphase and non-Newtonian flows; Vortex dynamics and structure formation; Wall bounded flows.

Includes step-by-step screenshots for all the examples Shows the graphical user interface of COMSOL, which does not require any programming effort Provides chapter-end problems for extensive practice along with solutions Includes actual examples of chemical reactors, transport processes, fluid flow, and heat and mass transfer

Aircraft Design Concepts: An Introductory Course introduces the principles of aircraft design through a quantitative approach developed from the author's extensive experience in teaching aircraft design. Building on prerequisite courses, the text develops basic design skills and methodologies, while also explaining the underlying physics. The book uses a historical approach to examine a wide range of aircraft types and their design. Numerous charts, photos, and illustrations are provided for in-depth view of aeronautical engineering. It addresses conventional tail-aft monoplanes, "flying-wing", biplane, and canard configurations. Providing detailed analysis of propeller performance, the book starts with simple blade-element theory and builds to the Weick method. Written for senior undergraduate and graduate students taking a single-semester course on Aircraft Design or Aircraft Performance, the book imparts both the technical knowledge and creativity needed for aircraft design.

This volume collects various contributions from the 5th International Conference on Jets, Wakes and Separated Flows (ICJWSF2015) that took place in Stockholm during June 2015. Researchers from all around the world presented their latest results concerning fundamental and applied aspects of fluid dynamics. With its general character, the conference embraced many aspects of fluid dynamics, such as shear flows, multiphase flows and vortex flows, for instance. The structure of the present book reflects the variety of topics treated within the conference i.e. Jets, Wakes, Separated flows, Vehicle aerodynamics, Wall-bounded and confined flows, Noise, Turbomachinery flows, Multiphase and reacting flows, Vortex dynamics, Energy-related flows and a section dedicated to Numerical analyses.