MAGNETOCHEMISIRY by PIERCE W. SELWOOD Associate Professor of Lhemistry Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois INTERSCIENCE PUBLISHERS, INC., NEW YORK 1943 Copyright, 1943, by INTERSCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 215 Fourth Avenue, New Printed in the United States of America by the Lancaster Press, Lancaster, Pa. PREFACE People who write books in wartime should have compelling reasons for doing so. This book was started before the full impact of the war effort reached the shores of Lake Michigan. It was finished in the hope that it might contribute, however infinitesimally, to the labors of that army of scientists who seek through natures secrets to parry the blows of an ingenious and pitiless enemy. Magnetochemistry began with Michael Faraday more than one hundred years ago. It enjoyed a vigorous growth under the guidance of Pierre Curie and A. Pascal at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries, but it did not reach its prime until Gilbert N. Lewis pointed out the relationship between atomic magnetic moment and chem ical valence. The past few years have seen magnetic susceptibility take its place along with dielectric constant, electron diffraction, x-ray diffrac tion, and molecular and atomic spectra, as one of the most powerful tools at the disposal of the chemist. In order to keep the book within reasonable bounds, it has been neces sary to define magnetochemistry rather severely. The following defini tion has been adopted Magnetochemistry is the application of magnetic susceptibilities and of closely related quantities to the solution of chemical problems. No more than mention will be found of several important branches of magnetism, particularly of magnetooptical phenomena, of the gyromagnetic effect, and of adiabatic demagnetization. The field of atomic magnetism has been slighted, so far as the theoretical side is con cerned, and little has been said of technologically important magnetic properties of the ferrous alloys. But these are topics which have received more than adequate treatment elsewhere. On the other hand, I have tried to omit no major branch of magneto chemistry, so defined. It is especially hoped that no important applica tion of magnetism to structural chemistry has been overlooked. The literature up to about 1934 has been covered in the excellent works of Van Vleck, Stoner, Klemm, and others. I have, therefore, omitted extensive reference to original publications before that date. But from 1934 to the end of 1942 over one thousand papers on magnetochemistry have appeared. A few very recent papers may have been overlooked be of the difficulty in obtaining some periodicals during the war, but in VI PREFACE some miraculous fashion the editor of Chemical Abstracts continues to receive abstracts of journals published in occupied and enemy countries. Reference has only occasionally been made to papers reporting mag netic susceptibility measurements for their own sake, and no effort has been made to include tables of susceptibilities. Such data will be found in the International Critical Tables and in the forthcoming Annual Tables of Physical Constants and Numerical Data to be published under the auspices of the National Research Council. I gratefully acknowledge the granting of permission by the American Chemical Society, the American Physical Society, the American Institute of Physics, the American Society for Metals, the American Instituteof Mining and Metallurgical Engineers, the Williams and Wilkins Company, and the Editors of the Journal of Physical Chemistry and the Journal of Chemical Education for permission to reproduce diagrams from their respective publications. I am also indebted to the Fisher Scientific Com pany, and to Mr. S. E. Q. Ashley and the General Electric Company for information and diagrams. To Professor J. H. Van Vleck I am grateful for permission to reproduce diagrams from his works...

PLANTS AND BEEKEEPING an account of those plants, wild and cultivated, of value to the hive bee, and for honey production in the British Isles by F. N. HOWES, D. Sc. PREFACE: There has been a marked increase of interest in beekeeping and the production of honey throughout the country in recent years. This may have been initiated by the Second World War, with the consequent shortage of sweetening materials, and partly by other considerations, such as the better understand ing of some of the major bee diseases that now prevails. The num ber of beekeepers has been doubled or trebled in many localities according to the statistics of Beekeepers Associations and doubtless the total production of home-produced Honey ka MDeen stepped up considerably. It is to be hoped this increase in the Nations annual honey crop will continue, and, what is of even greater importance, that this increase in the nations bee population will also be main tained, for it has been proved that the main value of the honey bee in the national economy is as a pollinator for fruit, clovers, and other seed and farm crops. Its value in this respect far outweighs its value as a producer of honey. Plant nectar has been described as the raw material of the honey industry and those plants that produce it, in a manner available to the honey bee, constitute the very foundations of apiculture. They are obviously of first importance to the beekeeper, whether he or she is a large or small scale beekeeper or belongs to the hobbyist class. A knowledge of these plants and their relative values, for nectar or for pollen, is likely to add much to the pleasure and the profit of beekeeping. An attempt has here been made to deal with themore important bee plants in the British Isles as well as many others that are only of minor importance. Among the latter are to be found both wild and garden plants. Although not sufficiently prevalent in most cases to affect honey yields to any extent such plants have been purposely included in the knowledge that their presence is always beneficial, especially as they so often help to maintain or support bees between the major nectar flows. Much of the pollen collected by bees, so vital for the sustenance of their young, comes from such plants. Furthermore, beekeepers are often keen gardeners and nature lovers and interested in any plant that proves attractive to bees. This no doubt accounts for the present popularity of bee gardens or gardens devoted exclusively to the cultivation of good bee plants, to which a chapter has been given. From the earliest times gardening has been closely associ ated or connected with beekeeping and the two arc obviously complementary and well suited for being carried on together. Many owners of gardens and flower lovers with no special interest in beekeeping derive great pleasure from observing bees industriously at work on flowers and are fond of growing some of those plants which they know will prove a special attraction, even though they may not always be in the front rank as garden plants. Indications are given as to what plants are likely to be most suit able in this connection and special emphasis laid on some of the newer plant introductions. Among the minor bcc plants will be found quite a number of introduced trees and shrubs that are grown to a greater or less extent for ornament. Some of these are important for honey in their native land andwhere this is known the fact is mentioned. As some of these plants, especially among those from the Orient, are of comparatively recent introduction, they may become more generally grown and therefore more useful as bee fodder at some future time. It is for this reason they have been included. The more serious-minded beekeeper and honey producer may be interested only in those plants tluit fill or help to fill his hives. These will be found described at much greater length in Section 2...

This study originates in the observation that improv comedy or improvised theater has such a vast majority of white people practicing it, while other improvisational or comedic art forms (jazz, freestyle rap, stand up) are historically grounded in and marked as Black cultural production. What it is about improv that makes it such a white space? Can an absence be an object of study? If so, what is there to study? Where should one look?

by A. M. Benis, Sc.D., M.D. This book brings together 179 evocative images that illustrate the essential elements of the NPA model of personality. Particular attention is given to gestures, poses and behaviorisms. Personality types are illustrated with the use of caricatures of well-known individuals and images of historical figures, where you will meet individuals as diverse as Mary Lincoln, Angela Merkel and Rasputin. Topics include narcissism, perfectionism, aggression, dominance and submissiveness, inversions, as well as conditions such as the autistic savant, Down's syndrome and panic disorder. A chapter of images is devoted to the evolutionary origins of personality traits and to their geographic distribution. For readers not acquainted with the NPA model, a synopsis of the basic theory is included in the Appendix. For those interested in a novel theory of personality based on genetic traits, this book would serve as a fine introduction. Hardcover, 244 pp., synopsis, maps, glossary.

A Dangerous World informs the reader of the need for disaster preparedness. Topics covered include overpopulation, the economy, environmental pollution and global warming. Other topics include terrorism, Islamic fundamentalism, NBC Warfare and epidemics including the current H1N1 influenza outbreak. Natural disasters including famines, floods, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis are also discussed. The second part of the book informs the reader how to access and interpret his personal vulnerability to disaster situations using the Raven Vulnerability Index. Once assessed, the reader can determine those areas that need improvement and follow the corrective measures outlined in the book. He can also choose his desired preparedness level using the Preparedness Level Scale and outline a long term program to reach that goal.

An Introduction to the CHEMISTRY of the SILICONES By EUGENE G. ROCHOW. PREFACE: The organic compounds of silicon, which have been the subject of many scholarly researches during the past 80 years, at last show promise of emerging from the laboratory and finding a place in industry. An understanding of the behavior of organosilicon materials is necessary to their intelligent use and, inasmuch as the chemistry of these substances ordinarily is not treated in our textbooks, it is possible that a compact yet comprehensive survey of our present knowledge in this field would be of service to chemists, engineers, and industrial designers. This volume has just such a purpose. The first few chapters review the silanes and their derivatives in some detail, in order to provide an understanding of the fundamental chemistry of the nonsilicate com pounds of silicon. The later chapters emphasize the silicone polymers which have achieved commercial importance and deal with the methods for their preparation, their chemical and physical properties, and their possible usas. The processes available for large-scale production are treated separately, and a review of methods of analysis is included. In order not to burden the text with definitions and explanations of nomenclature which might already be familiar to some readers, an extensive glossary of terms is appended. An exhaustive review of the literature on organic compounds of sili con cannot very well be included in a volume intended for the non specialist. However, many references are provided, and tables of most of the known compounds and their properties are included in the appropriate chapters. The reader will find comprehensive reviews ofpublications in Friends Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry, Volume 11, Part 2 Krause and von Grossed Chemie der Metallorgamschen Ver bindungen, Dolgows Chemistry of the Silica-Organic Compounds, and Bygdens Silizium als Vertreter des Kohlenstoffs organischen Verbindun gen. A more recent and more complete compilation of the literature on organic compounds of silicon would be welcomed by every investigator in the field. Since this work presents a point of view rather than an uncritical compilation of published fact, the author must assume entire responsi bility for the opinions expressed. However, he is greatly indebted to his coworkers iu the research laboratory of the General Electriq Company for helpful advice and criticisms. In a larger sense this work is the result of many years of common endeavor in a most interesting field of research. Contents include: 1. THE SIMPLE COVALENT COMPOUNDS OF SILICON 1 Introduction 1 Chemical Behavior of the Element 3 The Hydrides 4 The Halides 9 The Esters or Ethers 12 Index of Representative Compounds 16 2. THE ORGANOSILICON MONOMERS 18 Methods for Carbon-Silicon Bonds 19 The Alkyls 30 The Alkylsilanes 32 The Alkylhalosilanes 33 The Alkylalkoxysilanes 37 Index of Representative Compounds 39 3. TYPES OF ORGANOSI LICON POLYMERS 45 Silicon Chains 45 Silicon-Carbon Chains 46 Siloxane Chains 49 Siloxane Networks 53 Index of Representative Compounds 58 4. PROPERTIES OF THE SPECIFIC SILICONS POLYMERS 60 Alkyl Silicones 62 Methyl Silicone Oil 64 Methyl Silicone Resins 70 Silicone Rubber 72 Ethyl Silicone Resins 73 Other Alkyl Silicone Resins 74 Aryl Silicones 77 Alkyl-Aryl Silicones 80 5. WATER-REPELLENT FILMS FROM ORGANOSILICON MATERIALS 83 Reaction ofMethylchlorosilanes 83 Uses 85 6. TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF SILICONES 89 The Intermediates 90 The Grignard Method 91 The Direct Method 96 Processing 101 Toxicity 103 Future Expansion 104 ix

This book (hardcover) is part of the TREDITION CLASSICS. It contains classical literature works from over two thousand years. Most of these titles have been out of print and off the bookstore shelves for decades. The book series is intended to preserve the cultural legacy and to promote the timeless works of classical literature. Readers of a TREDITION CLASSICS book support the mission to save many of the amazing works of world literature from oblivion. With this series, tredition intends to make thousands of international literature classics available in printed format again - worldwide.

Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. Hesperides Press are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.

You don't hear people arguing that there can be such a thing as "non-intelligent" design-and yet even though people generally recognize design when they see it, many won't acknowledge the intelligence behind that design. Intelligent people believing in non-intelligent design leads to an obvious question: How can anything be designed with no intelligence guiding its design and construction?

Author Keith Ericson doesn't focus on religion in this study, but instead maintains that

a "powerful intelligence" must be behind the design of the human body;

many doctors have a hard time accepting evolution as fact instead of theory;

families want their children to get both sides of the story; and

common sense and logic must be used when examining science.

Ericson also provides a test at the end of the book that you can take to see how much you know before reading and once more when you're done, to see how much you've learned.

By learning about the human body, its microscopic makeup, and the ways that everything works, you can discover insights that may leave you questioning your assumptions about humanity and existence.

The Handbook of Anglophone World Literatures is the first globally comprehensive attempt to chart the rich field of world literatures in English. Part I navigates different usages of the term 'world literature' from an historical point of view. Part II discusses a range of theoretical and methodological approaches to world literature. This is also where the handbook's conceptualisation of 'Anglophone world literatures' - in the plural - is developed and interrogated in juxtaposition with proximate fields of inquiry such as postcolonialism, translation studies, memory studies and environmental humanities. Part III charts sociological approaches to Anglophone world literatures, considering their commodification, distribution, translation and canonisation on the international book market. Part IV, finally, is dedicated to the geographies of Anglophone world literatures and provides sample interpretations of literary texts written in English.

METHODS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH PHILIP M. MORSE IKOFRShOU OK Im SHS MASSAC in M, rrs ivsrrii LI OF ri, c iiNOLO FOHMKHLl IMH1 TOR OK m.-K Hril WE PONS SlHlM-M A H AFION SHIM 1 OKKICK OK rilK SKCHhrVKk OK DKKKNSh GEORGE E. KIV1HAIJ IKOKI-SSOK OF III MlSlU OLlMHI IMVMiSlI FOKMI HI 1 1. IM l i D1UKCTOK orhii noNs IA IA rioN CHOI I MTK1 hTAri-Ji NAN FIRST EDITION REVISED Publinhod jointly by THE TECHNOLOGY PRESS OF MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY and JOHN WILEY SONS, INC. - NEW YORK CHAPMAN HALL, LTD. - LONDON Chapters I and VIII copyrighted 1951 by The Technology Press Chapters II through VII appear herein through the courtesy of the Office of Scientific Research and De velopment and the United States Navy SECOND PRINTING JULY, 1 95 1 PREFACE IN A sfcNSE, this book should have no authors names or else several pages of names Parts of the book were written by various persons during and at the end of World War II. What the undersigned have done is to collect the material, rewrite some in the light of later kno ledge, expand some to make it more generally intelligible, add chapters on organization and general procedures, and cement the mosaic into hat is hoped to be a fairly logical structure Since the undersigned were members of the Operations Research Gtuup, U. S, Navy, it is perhaps not surprising that the examples given are draun chiefly from the work of this group, though an effort has been made to include examples from the work of other groups Many persons have helped by discussions and editorial criticism, including members of other operations jf ear I roujis in this country and in Kngland To mention a few ould slight many others, so none l l c named. During the war the scope, methods, and triumphs of operations research ere not appreciated by most scientists or by most military men because no information was freely available If e are not to lose this valuable experience and background, some of it must be made available to the scientists and engineer as well ax to the artried services This is particularly important if the methods of operations research have important peacetime applications as it is believed they do. The first publication of this woik as in classified form, just after World War II. To further the purposes mentioned in the preceding paragraph, hem ever, the 1 volume has now been declassified, after suitable modification of a feu examples. The first and last chapters have been entirely rewritten, to bring the discussion up to date, in particular with respect to nonmihtury applications There has been growing interest in the application of the techniques of operations research in industry and other nonmihtary operations. This is evidenced by the formation of a committee on operations research of the U. S. National Research Council and of an Operations Research dub in London, and by the institution of classes in operations research in several American Universities. It is hoped that the present, unclassified edition of MKTHODB OF OPERATIONS HUBKARCH vill be equally of interest and of use to industrial, merchandising, and nonmihtary govern mental executives as the earlier, classified edition seems to have been in military circles. PHILIP M. MOIIHK GEORGK K KIM BALL Wa hington, D. C., April 1950 CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE 1 Introduction . .... 1 2 Probability . . . . . . . .... 11 3 The Use of Measures of Effectiveness . . 38 4 Strategical Kinematics . . .. ... .61 5 Tactical Analysis . . . . 81 6 Gunnery and Bombardment Problems . . . 110 7 Operational Experiments Auth Equipment and Tactics . . . 129 8 Organizational and Procedural Problems . . 137 Tables . . . .146 Bibliography . . . 154 Index . . . . ...

Addressing the encompassing concepts that are behind the rationalization to totally legalize the Cannabis plant and it's products for personal use. Through a series of brief essays on the way the author sees things, to personal stories of people using this ancient plant to save their own, or a loved one's life, a unique perspective is shared.