EMERGENT EVOLUTION- THE GIFFORD LECTURES DELIVERED IN THE UNIVERSITY OF ST. ANDREWS IN THE YEAR 1922 by C. LLOYD MORGAN. Originally published in 1923. PREFACE: HALF a century ago, as years run, a student was called on to take the chair at a dinner in connection with the Royal School of Mines. Members of the staff were present. And the fortunate youth was honoured by the support of Professor Huxley. Which of the lines of science you have followed has chiefly engaged your interest Following up the thread of my reply, he drew from me the confession that an interest in philosophy, and in the general scheme of things, lay deeper than my interest in the practical applications of science to what then purported to be my bread-and butter training. With sympathetic kindliness that soon dispelled my fear of him he led me to speak more freely, to tell him how this came about, what J had read, and so on. That such a man should care to know what Berkeley and Hume had done for me what I had got from Descartes Discourse how I was just then embrangled in difficulties over Spinoza filled me with glad surprise. His comments were so ripe and they were made to help me Whatever else you may do, he said, keep that light burning. But remember that biology has supplied a new and powerful illuminant. Then speeches began. His parting words were When you have reached the goal of your course, why not come and spend a year with us at South Kensington So when I had gained the diploma of which so little direct use was to be made, and when my need of the illuminant, and my lack of intimate acquaintance with the facts on which the new lamp shed light, had been duly impressed on me during a visit to North America andBrazil, I followed his advice, attended his lectures, and worked in his laboratory. On one of the memorable occasions when he beckoned me to come to his private room he spoke of St. George Mivart s Genesis of Species. I had asked him some questions thereon a few days before to which he was then too busy to reply and he gave me this opportunity of repeating them. Mivart had said If then such innate powers must be attributed to chemical atoms, to mineral species, to gemmules, and to physiological units, it is only reasonable to attribute such to each individual organism p. 260, I asked on what grounds this line of approach was unreasonable for even then there was lurking within me some touch of Pelagian heresy in matters evolutionary. Far from snub bing a youthful heretic he dealt kindly with him. The question, he said, was open to discussion but he thought Mivarts position was based on considerations other than scientific. Any analogy between the growth of a crystal and the development of an organism was of very doubtful validity. Yes, Sir 1 I said, save in this that both invite us to distinguish between an internal factor and the incidence of external conditions He then asked what I under stood by innate powers, saying that for Mivart they were the substantial forms of scholastic tradition. I ventured to suggest that the School men and their modern disciples were trying to explain what men of science must perhaps just accept on the evidence. And I asked whether for an innate power in the organism one might substitute what he had taught us to call an internal metamorphic tendency which must be as distinctly recognised as that of an internal conservative tendency H. E. ii. p. 116. Ofcourse you may so long as you regard this merely as an ex pression of certain facts at present unexplained. n I then asked whether it was in this sense one should accept his statement that nature does make leaps ii. pp. 77, 97 and, if this were so, whether the difference on which Mivart laid so much stress that between the mental capacities of animals and of men might not be regarded as a natural leap in evolutionary progress. This was the point to which I was leading up...

The need for a scientifically literate citizenry, one that is able to think critically and engage productively in the engineering design process, has never been greater. By raising engineering design to the same level as scientific inquiry the Next Generation Science Standards' (NGSS) have signaled their commitment to the integration of engineering design into the fabric of science education. This call has raised many critical questions...How well do these new standards represent what actually engineers do? Where do the deep connections among science and engineering practices lie? To what extent can (or even should) science and engineering practices co-exist in formal and informal educational spaces? Which of the core science concepts are best to leverage in the pursuit of coherent and compelling integration of engineering practices? What science important content may be pushed aside? This book, tackles many of these tough questions head on. All of the contributing authors consider the same core question: Given the rapidly changing landscape of science education, including the elevated status of engineering design, what are the best approaches to the effective integration of the science and engineering practices? They answered with rich descriptions of pioneering approaches, critical insights, and useful practical examples of how embodying a culture of interdisciplinarity and innovation can fuel the development of a scientifically literate citizenry . This collection of work builds traversable bridges across diverse research communities and begins to break down long standing disciplinary silos that have historically often hamstrung well-meaning efforts to bring research and practice from science and engineering together in meaningful and lasting ways.

"A Handbook of Tricuspid And Pulmonary Valve Disease" contains a detailed description of the diseases of these two valves. A detailed description of Ebstein's Anomaly Of Tricuspid vale is highlight of this book. Etiology, pathogenesis and hemodynamics of diseases of both valves have been dealt in simple and comprehensible manner. Special effort has been made to explain the clinical features (Symptoms and signs) of disease. Probably the clinical features is the forgotten art in the newer text books. However, the author has taken a special interest to include a detailed description of clinical features. The treatment section includes description about the various interventions (catheter based as well as surgical) and it also includes the ACC / AHA guidelines. Like his previous two handbooks (A handbook of Rheumatic Fever and A Handbook of Aortic valve Disease), this book also has extensive description of all aspects of the disease. A small chapter about 'Straight Back Syndrome' has also been included in this book. All in all, the book promises to be a great reference book for Aortic Valve disease and is worth having it on shelf for easy reading. The point wise and concise writing has made this book specially useful for students and exam going students

This edited volume brings forth intriguing, novel and innovative research in the field of science education. The chapters in the book deal with a wide variety of topics and research approaches, conducted in various contexts and settings, all adding a strong contribution to knowledge on science teaching and learning. The book is comprised of selected high-quality studies that were presented at the 11th European Science Education Research Association (ESERA) Conference, held in Helsinki, Finland from 31 August to 4 September, 2015. The ESERA science education research community consists of professionals with diverse disciplinary backgrounds from natural sciences to social sciences. This diversity provides a rich understanding of cognitive and affective aspects of science teaching and learning in this volume. The studies in this book will invoke discussion and ignite further interest in finding new ways of doing and researching science education for the future and looking fo r international partners for both science education and science education research. The twenty-five chapters showcase current orientations of research in science education and are of interest to science teachers, teacher educators and science education researchers around the world with a commitment to evidence-based and forward-looking science teaching and learning.

Israel is not just another nation. The history of Israel is not merely a collection of coincidences. God is not finished with the Jews. This tiny nation that is perpetually ensnared in conflict and persecution still holds a key place in God's purpose for mankind and has not been replaced by the Christian Church. The Tapestry of Israel explores a number of trends or "threads" that make up the history of this ancient nation. These threads prove Israel's modern relevance and demand a response to the Jews' increasing need for support as the pressure mounts to exchange the Holy Land for the illusion of peace. Christians will learn that the Jews are still God's chosen people, even today, and that heavenly intervention and miracles are common occurrences in modern-day Israel. Corrupt theology and deceptive theories are exposed Discover how Satan seeks to rob Israel of her covenant with God and bring the destruction of Israel through anti-Zionism and anti-Semitism. Learn what the Christian Church's responsibility is in its support of Israel and what the supportive Christian should pray on behalf of Israel.

There have been hair-splitting debates and discussions as to the exact nature of truths and untruths, justice and injustice. History books are replete with events that are accepted to be true as no better alternative(s) is/are available. But to an impartial and incisive mind, the contradictions and incongruities are inescapable. We are witness to raging arguments over the existence of God, the best forms of governance, efficacy of religion, so on and so forth. Squabbles abound. Which should be the guiding principles in life-scientific reasoning or superstitious faith? The dictatorship or democracy based on universal suffrage? Gender freedom or internment of women in domesticity? The violent demonstration to wrest a demand or peaceful resistance? Continence or hedonistic way of life? Universal brotherhood or to be confined within the "narrow domestic walls"? Serious thinkers worked hard to guide man in this whirlwind of queries and postulated various theories that have faced insurmountable obstacles to being implemented. In a series of discourses comprised in three parts, it has been asserted that the theories to emancipate men from the intricate problems that beset them, though not fool-proof, cannot altogether be ignored. All the ideas will be converged toward a unified theory.

This is a collection of vitualis' writings, some which have been published previously, and some hitherto unpublished. Included are blog commentaries and rants, medical articles written for the public, medical education articles written for doctors, as well as a few more scholar essays, literature reviews and research articles.

Originally published in 1878 as part of the Natural Philosophy Series. A detailed and well illustrated book dealing with every aspect of Optics and Optical Instruments plus the analysis and theories of light. Contents include: Luminous and Non-luminous Bodies - Light - Reflection of Light - Refraction from Varied Surfaces - Properties of Lenses - Analysis of Light and Chromatic Aberration - Theories of Light - Polarisation - The Eye - Optical Instruments - Spectacles - Microscopes - Telescopes - Cameras - Stereoscopes - Kaleidoscopes - Magnifying Glasses etc. Many of the earliest scientific books, particularly those dating back to the 1900s and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. Home Farm Books are republishing many of these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.

The book chronicles exchanges between the author and bloggers on the NCR (National Catholic Reporter) blog site (now discontinued.) Exchanges are over upfront religious/ social issues. While strong and varied views are aired they are respectful-perhaps something of model how to reduce heat and increase light. Traditional religions define faith/ belief doctrinally, dogmatically, and exercise control over belief and behavior. As history shows, faith and politics intertwine and agitate differences hurtful to people and nature. Modern calamities can be redeemed only from within. Our times confront traditions more radically than ever before, namely, to awaken to sustainable perspectives of quantum physical/ psychical evolution. Remembrances from the past advance in genetic codes and are "prospective," open to hope. Leaves are genetic lexicons on the Tree of Life. We need to learn nature's economies of building on patterns of sustainable energy use. Evolution's learning lets us anticipate the future and avoid imprisonment of thought fixation. Evolution is symbiotic intelligence, nature's pattern, God's design. Evolution opens to symbiotic solutions only if culture, religion and politics are open to evolution. Evolution's outcome of processing interdependent life and consciousness doesn't have to be terminally wasteful rather it can uplift, enlighten and expose wrongdoing; and importantly, help end bad habits, choose right thinking and keep hope alive. In regards to thought-processing, latest thinking is a recapitulation (reformulation) of prior thinking. Thought-updating includes reformulations of faith, which is how faith remains vital and religion is redeemed. If one is of a mind to move beyond fixations of faith/ religion, one must admit the inadequacy of belief constrained by fixations and recognize the need for moving on to evolutionary consciousness. The important next step is to take action, not alone, but collaboratively by group study and action-the point of the Evolution Trilogies.

Throughout my life I have been always on the go, always looking for the next level. I ve never felt settled and comfortable, always setting the next goal as soon as the current one nears completion and pushing myself all the time. With this attitude, I felt myself under pressure most of the time, and with pressure comes stress, loads of stress, and the feeling that I never had enough time. I was burning the candle at both ends, but I concluded that this was what life required. For those of us who want to thrive and lead a healthy lifestyle in this high-pressure world of instability, confusion, constant change, and stress, we couldn t stand a chance if we were physically or mentally sluggish. So when I got to know about flotation therapy, I quickly realised that this could be the natural answer to the stresses of this ever-changing world of ours. Regular floating can be the way to relax your tired body while engaging your subconscious mind as you control your thoughts. I discovered that regular floating made me a healthier and happier person. I said goodbye to a stressful lifestyle as I exercised and reinforced my body s capacity for happy thoughts, healing, good sleep, creativity, and imagination. I had lower blood pressure, easier concentration, and more energy. I discovered how regular floating positively changed my life and helped me focus on the things I want out of life. The powerful technique of floating can help people, especially go-getters, to achieve their goals, to become much more centred, and to tackle the issues and problems that life throws at them easily and calmly. Isn t true that if we approach our problems in a relaxed state, we stand a better chance of solving them? So when I was called up to run one of the very first flotation centres in England, I was completely blown away by the difference this form of therapy made in my life. The experience of lying in a tank, a gravity-free environment, experiencing weightlessness and proper blood circulation, sold me on the idea of floating regularly. I thought of the millions of people out there with busy lifestyles like me who could find the results from floating regularly very helpful. I thought of people who may be magnesium deficient, who may be at risk of developing or already suffer from poor blood circulation, diabetes, arthritis, obesity, stroke, cancer, heart disease, fatigue, and those who may be so stressed out that they cannot even sleep at night. At the flotation centre, I started researching flotation and the difference it made in people s lives. My position at the time facilitated this research, as I always found the time to chat with all my clients about their experiences on the day to see what changes regular floating was making for them. What I found was that there was not enough information out there about how this fantastic therapy can be beneficial in the long term. I was so involved with the floating business that even my spare time was eaten up by research on the topic, and I promised myself that as soon as the opportunity arose, I would put pen to paper to let the world know in depth the benefits of being present within, switching off, and being in solitude and seclusion while spending some time in a gravity-free, sensory deprivation isolation tank for just an hour or a lunchtime holiday. Some of the long-term benefits described in this book will just blow you away. Read and digest this information and keep the book close at hand for reference. This is not just intellectual entertainment, so please do act on this book s contents for the well-being of yourself, your friends, and your family.

What really helps your students learn science: Labs? Group work? Certain types of problems or test questions? Something you never even thought about? Find out with data that go way beyond what standardized test scores tell you. The Feedback Loop describes a process by which you design formative assessments of what you do and collect a variety of forms of data. Then, the book shows you ways to actually use the information to improve your teaching. Drawing on research-based findings and the experiences of both new and veteran classroom teachers, the guide offers practical ideas for middle and high school teachers, regardless of discipline. The first chapters introduce the Feedback Loop framework; highlight the four elements of goals, tools, data, and inferences; and explore how to close the loop by connecting inferences and goals through feedback. Later chapters show how to use the full loop to inform your instruction. The book supports the Next Generation Science Standards and includes classroom vignettes that ground the ideas in real-life situations. Meant to illuminate without overwhelming you, The Feedback Loop's data-driven approach will support student learning and help strengthen your teaching practice in your very next lesson or unit.

This excellent book represents one of the first and best presentations of Eastern wisdom in the English language. It concerns ancient Hindu traditions and the Yogic practice of observing and regulating the breath. We begin with an admission that Western students are often confused by what exactly Yoga is, and what it is meant to accomplish. Stereotypes of the yogi as spindly, dirty and disheveled men commonly seen sitting in fixed posture at a roadside or marketplace abound. Yet these dismissive images serve only to neglect the spiritual substance and ancient wisdom of yogi science. Seeking to dispel the negative stereotypes and present the vivid truth, Atkinson discusses the multiple schools of yoga and their general purpose. Some emphasize control over the body's motions, while others favor inner development of the spirit. Several however emphasize the control of the breath; and it a practical explanation of this that Atkinson relays in the remaining fifteen chapters of this book.

In this entertaining account of the origins of modern molecular biology, the lives of pioneering scientists in the field of nucleic acid research, and the discovery of DNA, Ulf Lagerkvist speaks not only to scientists but to all students and general readers with an interest in science. The author, whose career in the nucleic acid field began in the late 1940s, recreates historical episodes from the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and introduces for a modern audience the scientists whose discoveries revolutionized the field of biology. Knowledge of these pioneers as professionals and as human beings, Lagerkvist believes, may help us see modern problems in a new light and appreciate the greatness of the researchers who contributed to the foundations of molecular biology and biochemistry. Among these scientific pioneers was nineteenth-century biochemist Friedrich Miescher, discoverer of nuclein, the material now known as DNA. The book also explores early research into general problems of the chemistry of biological materials. Lagerkvist vividly describes the research of such influential scientists as Albrecht Kossel, another early leading figure; Emil Fischer, who received the Nobel Prize in 1902 for his work on carbohydrates and purines and was regarded as the foremost chemist of his time; P. A. Levene, known for his discoveries concerning the structure of nucleotides and the way these nucleic acid building blocks are linked to one another; and Oswald T. Avery, often considered the grandfather of molecular genetics.

Why are candle flames yellow? Why does ultraviolet light supposedly kill vampires? What about the monocle? Why was the monocle-a corrective lens that only corrects vision in a single eye-so popular among businessmen and politicians for so many years? Stephen R. Wilk answers all this and so much more in Sandbows and Black Lights. This book is a collection of original essays on weird and unusual topics surrounding optics. Wilk uses the BBC's formula of "Education by Stealth" to explain unusual facets of science and technology through the matrix of interesting and cultural paths, all the while weaving in math equations in an accessible way. The first part of the book focuses on the history, the second moves to odd scientific approaches to visual phenomena, and the third part explains the unique use of optics in fiction, movies, and comic books over time. Chapters cover everything from endless corridors to the beam of light over treasure chests in movies. Whether he is explaining a rare discovery or answering a seemingly unapproachable question, Wilk is able to lure readers in on every page. He has a unique ability to turn complex science into an engaging story, and this book is full of narratives on esoteric topics anyone will find intriguing. Sandbows and Black Lights provides an enticing and entertaining look at physical illusions in a whole new way.