Everyday Bioethics suggests a new perspective on the relationships between science, ethics and society. It is based upon the distinction and integration of two fields: the frontier bioethics, which examines the new development of biomedicine; and the bioethics of everyday life, which concerns all people around the world. Everyday Bioethics will be read with great gain by everyone involved in bioethics, whether as academics, students or the interested public. The question of what developments in biotechnology mean for the everyday lives of people in very different social and cultural contexts will be of particular interest for professionals working in public and international health. Although the book is certainly not limited to a specifically Italian background, it gives interesting insights into the peculiarities of national discussions. Its bibliographical references are up to date and go beyond publications in English, thus giving useful hints to important work that will usually not be cited in English-language publications.

This book analyses an increasingly important phenomenon in contemporary regional development, namely 'traveling expertise' and policy ideas. Drawing on the fields of urban and regional development, and informed by the emerging school of governmentality studies, it offers a theoretically and empirically original exploration of this subject, and of the linkages between local and global contexts and their interplay more broadly. Symbolically denoting the traveling expertise as 'hired guns', the book explores different segments of the political sphere, from policy consultants and the creative class, to the polity apparatuses in which policies are recalibrated. The book presents a unique assessment of how this external expertise impacts on regional development in terms of power, politics and governance. Traveling Expertise and Regional Development will be a valuable resource for scholars, policymakers and advanced students interested in regional development, public management and public policy.

Shadows of Power examines public policy and in particular, the communicative processes of policy and decision-making. It explore the important who, how and why issues of policy decisions. Who really takes the decisions? How are they arrived at and why were such processes used? What relations of power may be revealed between the various participants?

Using stories from planning practices, this book shows that local planning decisions, particularly those which involve consideration of issues of 'public space' cannot be understood separately from the socially constructed, subjective territorial identities, meanings and values of the local people and the planners concerned. Nor can it be fully represented as a linear planning process concentrating on traditional planning policy-making and decision-making ideas of survey analysis-plan or officer recommendation-council decision-implementation.

Such notions assume that policy-and decision-making proceed in a relatively technocratic and value neutral, unidirectional, step-wise process towards a finite end point. In this book Jean Hiller explores ways in which different values and mind-sets may affect planning outcomes and relate to systemic power structures. By unpacking these and bring them together as influences on participants' communication, she reveals influences at work in decision-making processes that were previously invisible.

If planning theory is to be of real use to practitioners, it needs to address practice as it is actually encountered in the worlds of planning officers and elected representatives. Hillier shed light on the shadows so that practitioners may be better able to understand the circumstances in which they find themselves and act more effectively in what is in reality a messy, highly politicised decision-making process.

Contents:
Chapter 1. Introduction. Preface. Dynamics. Forces. Elements. Themes. Chapter 2. Location and Politics. Politics. The Retailer. The Planner. Riding the Hierarchy. The Search for Consensus. The Coming of the Third Wave. Chapter 3. The Importnace of Technology. The Impact of Technology. The Car and its Effect on Behaviour. The Car and the Environment. The Revolution in Distribution. Chapter 4. The Importance of Value. A World of Extremes. How Valuation Works. Residual Value. Patterns of Rent. Rent Mountains. The Move West. Areas of Growth. Pigs and Pythons. Yields and Investment. Chapter 5. A Little Theory. Forces in Conflict. Central Place Theory. Gravite Models. Retail Location Models. Chapter 6. Hierarchy. Hierarchy and Ranking. The Traditional Retail Hierarchy. A Retail Hierarchy for 2000. Typology of Shopping Centres. Chapter 7. The Desire to Cluster. Minimising the Search. The Ice Cream Man. Maximising the Benefit. Tenant Mix. Retail Economics and Shop Rents. Chapter 8. The Desire to Dispense. Minimising the Trip. The Effect of Branding. The Three Waves of Decentralisation. Retailing and Leisure. Chapter 9. Office Location. Ways of Work. Types of Office User. Why Pay More in Central London. The Seed Pod Model. The Skyscraper Puzzle. Rent Contours. Chapter 10. Industrial Location. Manufacturing Location. Warehouse Location. The Toyota Story. Science Parks and Hi-tech. Rent Contours. Chapter 11. People and Houses. Demographics. Density. Residential Location. Location Theory. Evidence. Chapter 12. Home Shopping and the Internet. Introduction. Home Shopping. The Advantages of the Internet. The Problems of Delivery. Clicks and Mortar.

Metropolitan Governance and Spatial Planning explores the relationship between metropolitan decision-making and strategies to co-ordinate spatial policy. This relationship is examined across 20 cities of Europe and the similarities and differences analysed.
Cities are having to formulate their urban policies in a very complex and turbulent environment. They are faced with numerous new pressures and problems and these often create contradictory conditions. The book provides a theoretical framework for exploring these issues and links this to a detailed investigation of each city.

In the context of globalisation, cities in the last twenty years have experienced new patterns of activity and these usually transcend political boundaries. The management of these changes therefore requires an effort of co-ordination and different cities have found different approaches.
However the institutional setting itself has not remained static. The nation states in Europe have handed over many responsibilities to the European Union while also increasing devolution to regions and cities. Government has therefore become a more complex multi-level activity.
There has also been the move from government to governance. Many different public, quasi-public and private bodies are now involved in making decisions that affect urban development. Metropolitan governance is therefore also a complex multi-actor process.
In these conditions of fragmented governance and the widening spatial networking of urban development, the issue of policy co-ordination become ever more important. The exploration of the 20 cities shows that many face similar difficulties while some also provide interesting examples of innovative practice. The book concludes that the way forward is to find strategies to link the different spheres of metropolitan action through 'organising connectivity'.

Cities covered: London, Birmingham, Cardiff, Stockholm, Berlin, Frankfurt, Hannover, Stuttgart, Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Budapest, Prague, Vienna, Venice, Milan, Paris, Brussels, Aix/Marseille, Barcelona, Madrid.

Planning is not a technical and value free activity. Planning is an overt political system that creates both winners and losers. The Planning Polity is a book that considers the politics of development and decision-making, and political conflicts between agencies and institutions within British town and country planning. The focus of assessment is how British planning has been formulated since the early 1990s, and provides an in-depth and revealing assessment of both the Major and Blair governments' terms of office. The book will prove to be an invaluable guide to the British planning system today and the political demands on it. Students and activists within urban and regional studies, planning, political science and government, environmental studies, urban and rural geography, development, surveying and planning, will all find the book to be an essential companion to their work.

Shadows of Power examines public policy and in particular, the communicative processes of policy and decision-making. It explore the important who, how and why issues of policy decisions. Who really takes the decisions? How are they arrived at and why were such processes used? What relations of power may be revealed between the various participants?

Using stories from planning practices, this book shows that local planning decisions, particularly those which involve consideration of issues of 'public space' cannot be understood separately from the socially constructed, subjective territorial identities, meanings and values of the local people and the planners concerned. Nor can it be fully represented as a linear planning process concentrating on traditional planning policy-making and decision-making ideas of survey analysis-plan or officer recommendation-council decision-implementation.

Such notions assume that policy-and decision-making proceed in a relatively technocratic and value neutral, unidirectional, step-wise process towards a finite end point. In this book Jean Hiller explores ways in which different values and mind-sets may affect planning outcomes and relate to systemic power structures. By unpacking these and bring them together as influences on participants' communication, she reveals influences at work in decision-making processes that were previously invisible.

If planning theory is to be of real use to practitioners, it needs to address practice as it is actually encountered in the worlds of planning officers and elected representatives. Hillier shed light on the shadows so that practitioners may be better able to understand the circumstances in which they find themselves and act more effectively in what is in reality a messy, highly politicised decision-making process.

The Routledge Companion to Modernity, Space and Gender reframes the discussion of modernity, space and gender by examining how "modernity" has been defined in various cultural contexts of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, how this definition has been expressed spatially and architecturally, and what effect this has had on women in their everyday lives. In doing so, this volume presents theories and methods for understanding space and gender as they relate to the development of cities, urban space and individual building types (such as housing, work spaces or commercial spaces) in both the creation of and resistance to social transformations and modern global capitalism. The book contains a diverse range of case studies from the US, Europe, the UK, and Asian countries such as China and India, which bring together a multiplicity of approaches to a continuing and common issue and reinforces the need for alternatives to the existing theoretical canon.

Regional Innovation Strategies
offers the first comprehensive analysis of the new wave of innovation-oriented regional policies. It draws conclusions from the European Regional Technology Plans and Regional Innovation Strategies, both in old industrialised areas and in regions where development is slow, and compares this with US and Canadian experiences.
Anticipating the enlargement of the EU, Regional Innovation Strategies also assesses the growing interest in the subject within policy, academic and practitioner circles in Central and Eastern European countries. This book aims to provide information on the new regional innovation polices and gives the first assessment of this promising pool of regional experiences.

This book provides a clear overview of the main issues in EC competition law and policy and an up to date text for students and practitioners with an interest in this subject. It is divided into three main parts, looking at the foundations of EC competition law, anti-competition agreements, abuse of dominant position, and the enforcement of EC competition law.

The book focuses on the two main Treaty Articles which are concerned with competition law. It aims to provide a structured analysis of the main stages in the application of the EC Treaty rules on competition, assesses the contribution made by the Commission and Community judicature to the evolution of EC competition law, and provides an in-depth analysis of recent developments, in particular the moves towards decentralisation in the field of vertical restraints and in enforcement.

This book provides an overview of the ecology of roads and describes the effects of roads and traffic. It discusses the methods for avoiding, remedying and mitigating the adverse effects of roads on the environment, habitats, and plants and animals.

Structured project management is very useful for the urban planner who must do more, faster, with less. Project Management for Planners offers the professional planner the tools and practical advice on how to be a successful project manager. The author uses familiar planning terms and actual planning case studies to adapt for planners the standards developed by the Project Management Institute. Offers proven techniques for completing important projects on time and within budget.

Critics of urban and regional planning argue that it is best suited to manage incremental change. Can a planner's skills and expertise be effective in handling a major crisis and large-scale change? The mass immigration from the former Soviet Union to Israel in the 1990s offers the opportunity to study one of the largest-scale (non-disaster) crisis situations in a democratic, advanced-economy country. This book recounts the fascinating saga of how policymakers and planners at both the national and local levels responded to the formidable demand for housing and massive urban growth. Planners forged new housing and land-use policies, and applied a streamlined (but controversial) planning law. The outputs were impressive. The outcomes and impacts changed the landscape and human-scape of Israel, heightening dilemmas of land use and urban policy in this high-density country.

Assessing the full scale of environmental impacts is essential for effective planning of transport and land use. This is an analysis of transport and land-use planning using strategic environmental assessment (SEA). It establishes the effectiveness of SEA through comparative studies of practice in three countries: Britain, the Netherlands and Germany. The author shows that use of SEA is widespread but far from systematic. He demonstrates the advantages of adopting a systematic application of a comprehensive form of SEA derived from all the major current approaches. Only once this approach is fully understood and systematically applied will all the full benefits be achieved and environmental impacts be minimalized.

With radical and innovative design solutions, everyone could be living in buildings and settlements that are more like gardens than cargo containers, and that purify air and water, generate energy, treat sewage and produce food - at lower cost. Birkeland introduces systems design thinking that cuts across academic and professional boundaries and the divide between social and physical sciences to move towards a transdiciplinary approach to environmental and social problem-solving. This sourcebook is useful for teaching, as each topic within the field of environmental management and social change has pairs of short readings providing diverse perspectives to compare, contrast and debate. Design for Sustainability presents examples of integrated systems design based on ecological principles and concepts and drawn from the foremost designers in the fields of industrial design, materials, housing design, urban planning and transport, landscape and permaculture, and energy and resource management.

In a new and critical analysis, this book explores the impact of an influential idea - sustainable development - on the institutions and practices governing use of land. It examines the paradox that in spite of increasing attention to sustainability, land use conflict is as ubiquitous and intense as ever.

Designers of the built environment can learn much from the mature field of industrial ecology as they focus increasingly on green or sustainable construction. Natural systems are the ideal model not only for human systems but also for the built environment in which they live and function. The principles of design, energy, the flow of materials, and closed loop behaviour can all be understood in this context. Industrial ecology provides a sound means of systematising the various ideas which come under the banner of sustainable construction and provides a model for the design, operation and ultimate disposal of buildings.
Professionals such as architects, materials suppliers, engineers, planners and construction managers, and students and academics in these disciplines, should find this book a valuable tool.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203166140

Planning theory is currently in a confused state as a consequence of a number of changes over the last ten years in planning practice and social and economic theory. Even prior to these events, planning theory was an uncertain discipline, reflecting planning's precarious position between and resting upon a range of professional subject areas and philosophical roots. Planning Futures is an attempt to pin down the constantly evolving landscape of planning theory and to chart a path through this fast changing field.
Planning Futures is an up-to-date reader on planning theory, but adds something more to the subject area than a mere textbook. The contributors have attempted to bridge theory and practice while putting forward new theoretical ideas. By drawing upon examples from planning practice and case study scenarios, the authors ensure that the work discusses planning theory within the context of present planning practice. Case studies are drawn from an international arena, from the UK, Europe, South Africa and Australia.

Discussions of the illicit and the illegal have tended to be somewhat restricted in their disciplinary range, to date, and have been largely confined to the literatures of anthropology, criminology, policing and, to an extent, political science. However, these debates have impinged little on cognate literatures, not least those of urban and regional studies which remain almost entirely undisturbed by such issues. This volume aims to open up debates across a range of cognate disciplines. The Illicit and Illegal in Regional and Urban Governance and Development is a multidisciplinary volume that aims to open up these debates, extending them empirically and questioning the dominant discussions of governance and development that have been rooted largely or entirely in the realm of licit and legal actors. The book investigates these issues with reference to a variety of different geographical contexts, including, but not limited to, places traditionally considered to be associated with illegal activities and extensive illicit markets, such as some regions in the so-called Global South. The chapters consider the ways in which these questions deeply affect the daily lives of several cities and regions in some advanced countries. Their comparative perspectives will demonstrate that the illicit and the illegal are an underappreciated structural aspect of current urban and regional governance and development across the globe. The book is an edited collection of research-informed essays, which will primarily be of interest to those taking advanced undergraduate and taught postgraduate courses in human geography, urban and regional planning and a range of social science disciplines that have an interest in urban and regional issues and issues related to crime and corruption.

Despite the non-territorialised strategic goals of the EU 2020 Strategy, the long-term aim of EU Cohesion Policy to promote harmonious development of the European territory - social, economic, and 'territorial cohesion' - remains a central goal of achieving a more cohesive EU territory. This book examines the 'territorial dimension' of EU Cohesion Policy, specifically assessing territorial impacts at the various spatial levels, engaging theoretically and empirically with the notion and role of the 'territorial dimension' within a strongly fragmented EU policymaking process, and examining more generally EU Cohesion Policy, as the main driver of the EU territorial development process. It provides an updated and fresh theoretical discussion on the precise meaning of the 'territorial dimension' of policies and the relatively recent EU policy evaluation technique, known as 'Territorial Impact Assessment' (TIA). Assessing the history, relevance, efficiency and effectiveness of these procedures, it presents several empirical findings on the implementation of specific territorial-focus and place-based financial instruments, as part of the Territorial Agendas and the EU goal of achieving a more integrated, territorial approach. This text will be of key interest to scholars, students and practitioners of spatial planning and cohesion policy, European sector policies and European spatial planning, and more broadly to European and EU studies/politics, regional economic geography and public policy.

Contents:
Chapter 1. The Project Implementation Process. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 The Project Culture. 1.3 Project Implementation. 1.4 The Project Strategy. Chapter 2. Clients of the Construction Industry. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 The Role of the Client and Third Parties. 2.3 The Clients Project Objectives and Needs. Chapter 3. The Concept and Evolution of the Procurement Systems. 3.1 Terminology. 3.2 The Evolution of Procurement Systems. 3.3 Categorisation of Procurement Systems. Chapter 4. Separated Procurement Systems. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 The Conventional Method. 4.3 Variants of the Conventional Method. Chapter 5. Integrated Procurement Systems. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Design and Build. 5.3 Variants of Design and Build. Chapter 6. Management-Orientated Procurement Systems. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Management Contracting. 6.3 Construction Management. 6.4 Design and Manage. Chapter 7. Discretionary Procurement Systems. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Partnering. 7.3 The British Property Federation System. Chapter 8. The Selection of Building Procurement Systems. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Theoretical Selection. 8.3 Selection in Practice. 8.4 Summary. Chapter 9. Successful Project Procurement. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Achieving Clients Project Objectives and Needs. 9.3 Dealing with Internal and External Environments. 9.4 Team Work. 9.5 Integrating and Co-ordinating Project Activities. 9.6 Summary. Chapter 10. Future Trends in Project Procurement.

The UK government of Tony Blair is committed to fostering a European dimension of planning practice. Significant developments in relation to planning within Europe are occurring. The creation of the European Spatial Development Perspective, the reform of the Structural Funds, and the implementation of programmes to foster trans-national co-operation between governments, will all impact on UK government, and on planning system in particular. Even within the UK, devolution and regionalisation will bring new pressures for overall co-ordination on the issue of European spatial planning. Issues concerning the revisions of the Structural Funds in 2000 and 2006, and funding opportunities for local authorities, are closely connected with the theme of this book. More importantly, it is expected that the link between funding and spatial policy within British planning will become more clearly defined during this period. The European dimension of British planning, as a consequence, may grow significantly over the next few years.
The authors tackle four key issues in their discussion of this topic: * British political attitudes to Europeanisation issues
* The changing relationships between different arms of the state
* The often complex interdependencies between tiers of governance
* The rapidly changing definition of British urban and regional planning

Architecture as Civil Commitment analyses the many ways in which Lucio Costa shaped the discourse of Brazilian modern architecture, tracing the roots, developments, and counter-marches of a singular form of engagement that programmatically chose to act by cultural means rather than by political ones. Split into five chapters, the book addresses specific case-studies of Costa's professional activity, pointing towards his multiple roles in the Brazilian federal government and focusing on passages of his work that are much less known outside of Brazil, such as his role inside Estado Novo bureaucracy, his leadership at SPHAN, and his participation in UNESCO's headquarters project, all the way to the design of Brasilia. Digging deep into the original documents, the book crafts a powerful historical reconstruction that gives the international readership a detailed picture of one of the most fascinating architects of the 20th century, in all his contradictory geniality. It is an ideal read for those interested in Brazilian modernism, students and scholars of architectural and urban planning history, socio-cultural and political history, and visual arts.

This title was first published in 2003. Bringing together the two fields of land reform and law, this volume examines the role the law and lawyers can, should, and do play in developing countries in the evolution of land policies, in land tenure reform, and in the reform of land use and urban planning. Providing both a theoretical and practical perspective it discusses the role of law in both urban land reform, concentrating on reforms in land use and town and country planning law and general national land reform, looking at specific case studies and at more general themes. It provides a coherent set of ideas and philosophies about land reform through the medium of law, which have been developed through reflection and action over a considerable period of time.

Why is property located where it is and how has this process changed in recent years? A number of factors such as social change and technological development, have affected location and these are considered. Value, the way changing patterns are measured, is examined and there is a discussion of rent contours. The book considers location in the retail industry, looking at the theory, hierarchy, clustering and dispersal. The move to out of town sites, with its three waves of decentralisation, is described. Central place theory, dating from the 1930's, is discounted as being obsolete and misleading. Finally the book covers offices, industrial and residential property.