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Books > Social sciences > Sociology, social studies > Social research & statistics > General
Written for social science scholars who want to learn more about
the qualitative way of thinking, this book addresses the full
continuum of issues about the qualitative methodologies. At one end
of that continuum are the deeply philosophical concerns of ontology
and epistemology. At the other -- concrete -- end of that continuum
are the practical issues of what is considered evidence: How does
one go about gathering evidence? Where, when, and how does one
analyze evidence? What are the alternative ways of dealing with
tone and voice in writing qualitative research? The attention to
practical, concrete issues makes this book useful as a handbook
providing a great deal of vital information to scholars who want a
guide to making decisions as they navigate their research questions
through the qualitative realm.
By focusing primarily on the application of structural equation
modeling (SEM) techniques in example cases and situations, this
book provides an understanding and working knowledge of advanced
SEM techniques with a minimum of mathematical derivations. The book
was written for a broad audience crossing many disciplines, assumes
an understanding of graduate level multivariate statistics,
including an introduction to SEM.
Thirty-three of the top scholars in this fast moving domain present
a picture of work at the cusp in social psychology -- work that
deals with cognition and affect in close relationships. The present
volume contains a wealth of research findings and influential
theoretical accounts that spring as much from indigenous work in
the close relationship field as from purebred social cognition. The
chapters introduce theories and research programs concerned with
the role of individual and couple differences in close relationship
knowledge structures. They deal with the role of emotion and affect
in close relationships. And they discuss the function of cognition
and knowledge structures in relation to the developmental course of
close relationships. Each section is accompanied by a critical
review written by an expert in the field.
This is the first edited volume in the communication field to
examine parent-child interaction. It creates a framework for future
research in this growing area -- family communication, and more
specifically, parent-child communication -- and also suggests new
areas of communication research among parents and children --
cultural, work-related, taboo topics, family sex discussions,
conflict, and abuse. Chapter authors provide thorough coverage of
theoretical approaches, new methods, and emerging contexts
including lesbian/gay parent-child relationships. In so doing, they
bring a communication perspective to enduring problems of
discipline, adolescent conflict, and physical child abuse.
With cross-cultural perspectives from contributors in nine countries, this book showcases much-needed research on current issues around migration and social work in Europe. Focusing on the reception, experiences and integration of refugees and asylum seekers, the chapters also consider the impact of recent EU policies on borders and integration. With racism on the rise in some European societies, the book foregrounds international social work values as a common framework to face discriminatory practice at macro and micro levels. Featuring recommendations for inclusive practice that 'opens doors', this book features the voices of migrants and the practitioners aiding their inclusion in new societies.
The "Advances in Personality Assessment Series" began in the early
1980s to facilitate the rapid dissemination of important new
developments in theory and research on all aspects of personality
assessment. Impressed with the extensive research on test
development and validation that was going on at that time, the
editors were concerned with the limited publication resources
devoted to personality assessment. With this series, they hoped to
provide a publication opportunity and resource for reports of
personality assessment research and/or clinical practice that might
not conveniently fit in journal format because of length, focus, or
content.
The authors of "Research as Social Change" argue in clear and
accessible language that teaching, learning and research are
essentially social and deeply personal activities. This is not a
conventional text, for although it is about ways in which research
can be used by those in various areas of professional practice, it
does not simply catalog or describe conventional research methods.
The book's main concerns are qualitative research, research in
action (rather than in abstraction) and case study methods. Rob
Walker and Michael Schratz give examples of research that are
concerned with the nature of personal memories and discuss what is
worth doing in reviewing research literature. Other topics covered
include the social nature of perception, the uses that research can
make of drawings and photographs, the emotional relationships
implicit in research and research in the context of the
contemporary workplace.
With an emphasis on social science applications, Event History Analysis with R, Second Edition, presents an introduction to survival and event history analysis using real-life examples. Since publication of the first edition, focus in the field has gradually shifted towards the analysis of large and complex datasets. This has led to new ways of tabulating and analysing tabulated data with the same precision and power as that of an analysis of the full data set. Tabulation also makes it possible to share sensitive data with others without violating integrity. The new edition extends on the content of the first by both improving on already given methods and introducing new methods. There are two new chapters, Explanatory Variables and Regression, and Register- Based Survival Data Models. The book has been restructured to improve the flow, and there are significant updates to the computing in the supporting R package. Features * Introduction to survival and event history analysis and how to solve problems with incomplete data using Cox regression. * Parametric proportional hazards models, including the Weibull, Exponential, Extreme Value, and Gompertz distributions. * Parametric accelerated failure time models with the Lognormal, Loglogistic, Gompertz, Exponential, Extreme Value, and Weibull distributions. * Proportional hazards models for occurrence/exposure data, useful with tabular and register based data, often with a huge amount of observed events. * Special treatments of external communal covariates, selections from the Lexis diagram, and creating period as well as cohort statistics. * "Weird bootstrap" sampling suitable for Cox regression with small to medium-sized data sets. * Supported by an R package (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=eha), including code and data for most examples in the book. * A dedicated home page for the book at http://ehar.se/r/ehar2 This substantial update to this popular book remains an excellent resource for researchers and practitioners of applied event history analysis and survival analysis. It can be used as a text for a course for graduate students or for self-study.
Designed for professionals and graduate students in the
personality/social, military, and educational psychology, and
assessment/evaluation communities, this volume explores the state
of the art in motivational research for individuals and teams from
multiple theoretical viewpoints as well as their effects in both
schools and training environments.
Social research plays an important part in the social sciences and in the planning and implementation of personal social services. Whilst considerable attention has been paid to the methods used to undertake social research, little has been done to explore the processes under which it is carried out. This volume explores the process of social research from an anti-discriminatory perspective. Contributors address themes connected to every aspect of social research from its design, through fieldwork to implementation of findings. Papers adopt critical perspectives to explore issues to do with many aspects of power and 'difference' in research including the power of black feminist research, issues in collaborative research, anti-discriminatory methodologies, quality of life in people with learning difficulties and participatory research. The book addresses many key issues which have been at the centre of current social debate and offers a unique contribution to the literature on research methodology. As such, it is likely to have a wide readership with both academic audiences and practice based welfare professions.
Quantification methodology of categorical data is a popular topic
in many branches of science. Most books, however, are either too
advanced for those who need it, or too elementary to gain insight
into its potential. This book fills the gap between these extremes,
and provides specialists with an easy and comprehensive reference,
and others with a complete treatment of dual scaling methodology --
starting with motivating examples, followed by an introductory
discussion of necessary quantitative skills, and ending with
different perpsectives on dual scaling with examples, advanced
topics, and future possibilities.
Why is it hard to know if you are making a difference in public services? What can you do about it? Public services throughout the world face the challenge of tackling complex issues where multiple factors influence change. This book sets out practical and theoretically robust, tried and tested approaches to understanding and tracking change that any organisation can use to ensure it makes a difference to the people it cares about. With case studies from health, community, research, international development and social care, this book shows that with the right tools and techniques, public services can track their contribution to social change and become more efficient and effective.
This volume draws together the work of a diverse range of thinkers and researchers to address the question of happiness critically, using a wide variety of theoretical and empirical methodologies. Broadening the discussion beyond what might be considered highly individual and insular conceptualizations of happiness, often based on purely positivist approaches to the subject, authors raise questions about the nature of individual and collective anxieties that might underpin the current emphasis on happiness and the ideological or governmental ends that may be served by the framing of happiness in psychology and economics. With attention to how individuals understand and pursue happiness in their daily lives, Critical Happiness Studies highlights different theoretical paradigms that demonstrate the role of power in producing specific conceptualizations of happiness and, consequently, how they frame individual self-understanding or subjectivities and (re)shape political problems. The collection makes available critical, theoretical, and methodological resources for addressing a powerful set of cultural, political, and scientific discourses that have loomed large since the closing decade of the 20th century. A call for the establishment of a body of work in critical happiness studies, this book will appeal to scholars across the social sciences and humanities interested in the age-old problem of happiness.
This volume aims to review some of the recent developments and trends that seem especially relevant to any attempt to understand near-term-future possibilities; to consider what a variety of knowledgeable people are saying about changes and developments that could occur; and to relate the possibilities to needs and opportunities for human factors research. Human factors, in this case, includes not only the implications of human capabilities and limitations for the design of equipment and machines intended for human use, but also applied psychology in a more general sense. In particular, it is taken to involve social systems as well as physical ones, the interaction of people with the environment as well as with machines, the facilitation of communication between people as well as between people and computers, and the design of policies and procedures as well as the design of equipment. The author's intention is to focus on anticipated problems -- including opportunities as well as difficulties -- and ask how human factors research might contribute to solutions. It is assumed that there are ways in which such research could be useful in addressing societal problems that the profession has not yet realized and that these are more likely to be recognized in the future if the community is actively seeking to identify them.
Written to reveal statistical deceptions often thrust upon
unsuspecting journalists, this book views the use of numbers from a
public perspective. Illustrating how the statistical naivete of
journalists often nourishes quantitative misinformation, the
author's intent is to make journalists more critical appraisers of
numerical data so that in reporting them they do not deceive the
public. The book frequently uses actual reported examples of
misused statistical data reported by mass media and describes how
journalists can avoid being taken in by them. Because reports of
survey findings seldom give sufficient detail of methods on the
actual questions asked, this book elaborates on questions reporters
should ask about methodology and how to detect biased questions
before reporting the findings to the public. As such, it may be
looked upon as an elements of style for reporting statistics.
This book's purpose is to enable educational researchers to make
better use of the huge longitudinal and cross-sectional data files
that are now readily available. Of value to experienced researchers
and undergraduates alike, the book focuses primarily on the
planning and design of research rather than implementation of data
base information. Its chapters address a variety of vital questions
including:
The publication of this unique three-volume set represents the culmination of years of work by a large number of scholars, researchers, and professionals in the field of moral development. The literature on moral behavior and development has grown to the point where it is no longer possible to capture the "state of the art" in a single volume. This comprehensive multi-volume Handbook marks an important transition because it provides evidence that the field has emerged as an area of scholarly activity in its own right. Spanning many professional domains, there is a striking variety of issues and topics surveyed: anthropology, biology, economics, education, philosophy, psychology, psychiatry, sociology, social work, and more. By bringing together work on diverse topics, the editors have fostered a mutually-beneficial exchange not only between alternative approaches and perspectives, but also between "applied" and "pure" research interests. The Theory volume presents current and ongoing theoretical advances focusing on new developments or substantive refinements and revisions to existing theoretical frameworks. The Research volume summarizes and interprets the findings of specific, theory-driven, research programs; reviews research in areas that have generated substantial empirical findings; describes recent developments in research methodology/techniques; and reports research on new and emerging issues. The Application volume describes a diverse array of intervention projects - educational, clinical, organizational, and the like. Each chapter includes a summary report of results and findings, conceptual developments, and emerging issues or topics. Since the contributors to this publication are active theorists, researchers, and practitioners, it may serve to define directions that will shape the emerging literature in the field.
This text presents the basic concepts of modern cognitive psychology in a succinct and accessible manner. Empirical results, theoretical developments, and current issues are woven around basic concepts to produce coherent accounts of research areas. Barsalou's primary goal is to equip readers with a conceptual vocabulary that acquaints them with the general approach of cognitive psychology and allows them to follow more technical discussions elsewhere. In meeting this goal, he discusses the traditional work central to modern thinking and reviews current work relevant to cognitive science. Besides focusing on research and theory in cognitive psychology, Barsalou also addresses its fundamental assumptions. Because the cognitive approach to psychology is somewhat subtle, often misunderstood, and sometimes controversial, it is essential for a text on cognitive psychology to address the assumptions that underlie it. Therefore, three of the eleven chapters address the "meta- assumptions" that govern research and theory in cognitive psychology. These meta-chapters provide a deeper understanding of the content areas and a clearer vision of what cognitive psychologists are trying to accomplish. The remaining eight "content" chapters cover the central topics in cognitive psychology. This book will be of value to a variety of audiences. Ideal for researchers in computer science, linguistics, philosophy, anthropology, and neuroscience who wish to acquaint themselves with cognitive psychology, it may also be used as a text for courses in cognitive science and cognitive psychology. Lay readers who wish to learn about the cognitive approach to scientific psychology will also find the volume useful.
"Sociology Projects: A Students' Guide" is a practical guide to project work for sociology students. It includes advice on how to choose a manageable topic, checklists, where to look for useful documents, how not to get overwhelmed by data, when to prepare and how to evaluate a questionnaire, ways of presenting your material to best effect and how to anticipate both the possibilities and the pitfalls of a sociological project.
This volume celebrates Lee J. Cronbach's considerable contributions
to the methodology of social and behavioral science. Comprised of
chapters written by colleagues and contemporaries of the highly
influential scholar, it offers a range of ideas, perspectives, and
new approaches to improving social science inquiry.
This volume narrates and shares the often-unheard voices of students, parents, and educators during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through close analysis of their lived experiences, the book identifies key patterns, pitfalls, and lessons learnt from pandemic education. Drawing on contributions from all levels of the US education system, the book situates these myriad voices and perspectives within a prismatic theory framework in order to recognise how these views and experiences interconnect. Detailed narrative and phenomenological analysis also call attention to patterns of inequality, reduced social and emotional well-being, pressures on parents, and the role of communication, flexibility, and teacher-led innovation. Chapters are interchanged with interludes that showcase a lyrical and authentic approach to understanding the multiplicity of experience in the text. Providing a valuable contribution to the contemporary field of pandemic education research, this volume will be of interest to researchers, academics, and educators with an interest in the sociology of education, online teaching and eLearning, and those involved with the digitalization of education at all levels. Those more broadly interested in educational research methods and the effects of home-schooling will also benefit.
Labouring to Learn examines academic mobility pathways among ethnic minority Tamil youths in public secondary schools and vocational institutions in Singapore. This book qualitatively examines the interactive effects of race and class on the educational performance of these youths through the lens of social capital. Despite their numerical majoritarian position within the Indian population in Singapore, the foreclosed access for Tamils to diverse class networks within the ethnic community as well as limited inter-ethnic interactions has historically truncated the means to resources and opportunities for social mobility. In schools, the narratives shared by Tamil boys and girls from the lower academic streams and economically disadvantaged backgrounds reveal that they typically experience exclusion on account of racial, economic and academic marginalisation in their everyday lives. Turning to bonding ties among peers and family members provides social support resources that offer some respite from marginalisation. On the flipside, articulations of resistance ensue among Tamil youths that tangibly take time away from learning, and run the danger of strengthening the cultural deficit rhetoric for mainstream society to explain the poor academic performance among ethnic minorities. This account of educational marginalisation amongst Singaporean Tamil youths contributes towards understanding social inequality in a non-liberal multicultural context where marginalisation is differentially experienced across ethnic minority groups and traced to broader socio-historical contexts of migration, assimilation and minority-majority relations. Furthermore, it also articulates the utility of a social capital framework in historically revealing how educational inequality emerged and continues to be sustained in a postcolonial context.
This book offers examples of programs designed for analysis of variance and related statistical tests of significance that can be run with SPSS. The reader may copy these programs directly, changing only the names or numbers of levels of factors according to individual needs. Ways of altering command specifications to fit situations with larger numbers of factors are discussed and illustrated, as are ways of combining program statements to request a variety of analyses in the same program. The first two chapters provide an introduction to the use of SPSS, Versions 3 and 4. General rules concerning the use of commands, subcommands, and keywords are discussed, providing a specific introduction to the use of SPSS for analysis of variance. They provide detailed programs for obtaining omnibus F tests in completely randomized designs and for designs that include repeated measures factors. The remaining chapters may be read independently and in any order. |
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