The chapters in this book are those presented at the Second International Symposium on Fundamental Problems in Breast Cancer held at Banff, Alberta, April 26-29, 1986. This is, therefore, the second volume in the series of symposia held in the Canadian Rockies. The aim of these symposia is to provide a supportive atmosphere for the development of new concepts as well as for the presentation of high quality scientific data. This is reflected in the chapters presented here. Many of the chapters put forward new hypotheses which will be tested in the clinic or laboratory in the next few years. In choosing the subjects for discourse, we preferred to tackle areas where controversy existed, and in this book we have grouped the chapters around discussion themes. The relative merits of mammography and physical examination in the detection of small lesions within the breast and the natural history of these lesions were important topics at the symposium, and the results of early detection studies will have a major effect on health care costs. We have devoted a large section of this book to this subject. The mechanism of growth and response of endocrine sensitive tumors and current concepts of the statistics and cost-benefit assessment of adjuvant chemotherapy trials comprise two other sections of the book where original and stimulating ideas were presented.

Breast Care: A Clinical Guidebook for Women's Primary Health Care Providers presents the expertise and protocols of the renowned Breast Diagnostic Center at USC School of Medicine's Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology. A user-friendly reference for the primary care physician, this book details the management of both benign and malignant breast diseases. Topics include: * the clinical examination and instruction for self-exam * mammography for both screening and diagnosis, management of the abnormal mammogram * lactation and breast feeding * diagnosis and treatment of lumps, cysts, fibroadenomas * fine-needle aspiration and ultrasound guided tissue core needle biopsy * evaluation and management of mastalgia * menstrual and hormonal therapy effects on the breast * the cosmetically treated breast * guidelines for follow-up and surveillance An important section on consultation and referrals reviews the roles of the radiologist, oncologist, and surgeon and provides the primary care physician with the information necessary to counsel the patient on the myriad aspects of multidisciplinary treatment planning. The text includes more than 100 illustrations and algorithms -- with 16 in color -- as well as "Practice Guides" which organize the key practice points, signs, and symptoms. This is a must-have handbook for all providers of health care to women.

The Diploma of the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (DRCOG) is a well-regarded post-graduate qualification in women's health. The DRCOG is particularly respected among primary care and community sexual and reproductive health clinicians. Studying towards this qualification is rewarding and fun, and as such the exam has become extremely popular over recent years. In addition, holding the DRCOG has proved to be a useful indicator by which employers can differentiate excellent clinicians from the average ones. It certainly is the cherry on the cake of General Practice training, and complements the RCGP curriculum. Mastering the DRCOG is organised to directly reflect and fulfil the DRCOG syllabus set by the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists in April 2007, and chapters are laid out precisely following the DRCOG syllabus format. Starting with an overall introduction to the exam, the book then covers the seven core modules of the syllabus: Basic Clinical Skills, Basic Surgical Skills, Antenatal Care, Management of Labour and Delivery, Postpartum and Neonatal Problems, Gynaecological Problems and Subfertility & Contraception. This is followed by a section of 'hot topics' not specifically mentioned in the syllabus but of real interest for all those working in the area of women's health. Hot topics include the menopause and its management, abuse of women (rape, female genital mutilation, prostitution, pornography), and ethical issues such as fetal sex selection & eugenics, egg donation, breast augmentation surgery, and surrogate motherhood. Mastering the DRCOG is written in a clear and straight-forward style and is illustrated throughout. Written by a newly qualified General Practitioner fresh from the exam hall, and edited by two highly experienced Consultants, one in Obstetrics & Gynaecology, the other in Community Sexual & Reproductive Health, "Mastering the DRCOG" is a fantastic resource for anyone preparing f

Von der Hippokratischen Glatze zum 'Gen-Shampoo': Fortschritte der Trichologie im Jahrtausendwechsel.- Psychologie der Haare.- Haarbiologische Grundlagen und pathobiologische Erwagungen.- Rationale Diagnostik von Haarkrankheiten: Anamnese und klinische Untersuchung.Mikroskopische Haarschaftuntersuchung.Mikroskopische Haarwurzeluntersuchung (Trichogramm).Kopfhautbiopsie.Weiterfuhrende Laboruntersuchungen bei speziellen Indikationen.Klinisch-wissenschaftliche Untersuchungstechniken.Irrationale Untersuchungstechniken.- Haarkrankheiten: Hereditare und kongenitale Hypotrichosen und Atrichien.Hereditare und kongenitale Hypotrichosen und Atrichien als Teilsymptom einer generalisierten Stoerung.Strukturanomalien des Haarschafts.Traumatische und physikalisch bedingte Alopezien.Haarausfall als Stoerung des Haarwachstumszyklus.Permanente Alopezie: Anhaltende Stoerungen des zyklischen Haarwachstums.Permanente Alopezie: Atrophisierende Alopezien.Erkrankungen der Kopfhaut.Der gereizte Haarboden.Psychodermatologie des Haarbodens.Pigmentstoerungen der Haare.Vermehrte Behaarung.Haarerkrankungen in bestimmten Patientengruppen.Seltene Erkrankungen mit charakteristischem Kopfhautbefall.- Therapie von Haarkrankheiten: Fakten und Fiktion: Haarpflege.Spezifische Therapien zur Foerderung des Haarwachstums.Therapien zur Behandlung spezifischer Zustande des Haarbodens.Haarentfernung.Camouflage und Haararbeiten.Operative Behandlungsmethoden.Irrationale Therapien.- Ausblick: Wechselbeziehung zwischen Arzt, Friseur und Informationsangebote der Medien.Trichologie: Quo vadis?

At the Mie International Symposium held in Japan in April 1994, leading scientists reviewed recent advances in the understanding of the contractile mechanism in smooth muscle. The present volume collects the papers presented at the symposium, summarizing the latest advances in smooth muscle function and emphasizing important components of the contraction-relaxation cycle. Topics include a discussion of the smooth muscle cell membrane, with emphasis on its ion channels; the regulation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels and the relationship to force in smooth muscle; aspects of the two key regulatory enzymes involved with myosin phosphorylation-dephosphorylation; the molecular basis for pharmacomechanical coupling in smooth muscle; developments in the basic contractile mechanisms involving the crossbridge cycle of tonic and phasic muscle; the role of myosin light chains; and many others. The approach is broad and presents contemporary opinions in pharmacology, physiology, and biochemistry as they relate to smooth muscle function. The book will appeal not only to those working in these disciplines, but to vascular clinicians, obstetric-gynecological physicians, and gastroenterologists as well.

The Project on Reproductive Laws for the 1990s began in 1985 with the realization that reports of scientific developments and new technologies were stimulating debates and discussions among bioethicists and policymakers, and that women had little part in those discussions either as participants or as a group with interests to be considered. With the help of a planning grant from the Rutgers University Institute for Research on Women, the Women's Rights Litigation Clinic at Rutgers University Law School-Newark held a planning meeting that June attended by approximately 20 theorists and activists in the area of reproductive rights. Project purposes, methods, and general shape took form at the meeting. Two goals have characterized the Project's work since then: first, to generate discussion, debate, and, where possible, consensus among those committed to reproductive autonomy and gender equality as to how best to respond to the questions raised by re ported advances in reproductive and neonatal technology and new modes of reproduction; and second, to ensure that those shaping reproductive law and policy appreciate the ramifications of these developments for gender equality. In meeting this twofold agenda, the Project focused on six areas: time limits on abortion; prenatal screening; fetus as patient; reproductive hazards in the workplace; interference with reproductive choice; and alternative modes of reproduction. The Project identified individuals to take respon sibility for drafting model legislation and position papers in the six areas (for the drafters, see the Appendix)."

This book grew out ofmy interest in what is often called "the immunological paradox ofpregnancy." How is it possible that the fetus-halfofwhosegenetic apparatuscomesfrom thefather and is foreign to the mother-can survive to term? This is a question that intrigues all immunologists. For me, it has been of interest ever since I heard a lecture on the subject in medical school, long before I thought ofbecoming a "professional immunologist." Indeed, the question ofthe immunological aspect of fetal survival (or demise) should be of interest to any biologist or physician. The question becomes broader ifone considers the immunologic relations between motherand fetus, because they represent a unique symbiotic union. Whatimmunologic problemsinthemothermayaffecttheoffspring, and isitpossiblethatfetal immunology willaffectthe mother? Finally, there is the question ofwhether immunology is important in recur- rent spontaneous abortion. Every authorowes the reader a general oversightofthe book in hand, indicating the terrain to be covered, and, by inference, the territory that will not be explored. 1. This is primarily a book for clinicians. I will only men- tion animal experiments and data in passing, and as they may illuminate a clinical problem or observation. 2. The interest here is the immunology ofmaterno--fetal re- lations, once a pregnancy has begun. Therefore, I will notcover immunological aspects ofsterility, nor touch on the immunological approaches to controlling fer- tility, i.e., "contraceptive vaccines." 3. This is a book mainly concerned with pathogenesis.

Endometriosis is one of the most common gynecological diseases, causing pelvic pain, infertility, and cancer. The condition reduces the quality of life for the estimated 10% of menstruating women who are affected by it. This book provides a clear insight into the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of endometriosis-essential information for clinicians intending to successfully treat the condition. The first part covers a range of topics including stem cells, NK cells, macrophages, inflammation, cytokines, epigenetics, prostaglandin, sex steroids, aromatase, apoptosis, nerve fibers, and malignant transformation to aid in understanding the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of the disease. The second part provides useful tools for therapy, specifically, notable recent techniques in prevention, imaging, biomarkers, medical treatments, surgical treatments, prevention of recurrence, and infertility treatments. Each chapter was written by an expert in the field, with nearly 40 researchers and clinicians contributing to the work. This book will be highly useful to clinicians as well as to research scientists who are interested in this enigmatic disease.

This book deals with the management of labour, guiding the readers to recognize problems by keen monitoring, based on anatomical and physiological understanding of labour. In this era of technology, this book revives the fading art of identification of clinical signs and symptoms. The chapters are well-structured, covering different aspects from suspicion to identification of the problems by recognizing subtle warning signals by the fetus and the uterus. Operative deliveries and common obstetric emergencies with their appropriate management are also covered. It provides practical points to prevent, anticipate, recognize, and manage problems during labour. Key Features Helps to identify clinical signs and symptoms that infuses the reader with confidence to identify and manage abnormal situations during labour and childbirth through the feel of their fingers and awakened understanding. A must have book for all postgraduate trainees and practitioners of obstetrics, eager to learn the fundamentals of labour management. Features illustrated cases helpful in learning management of normal labour and pick abnormal labour, at the earliest possible deviation from normalcy.

Complications of Female Incontinence and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery reviews the prevention, evaluation and management of complications arising from female pelvic surgery. Potential complications of both routine and specialized female pelvic procedures such as transvaginal slings, cystocele and rectocele repairs, urethral diverticulectomy, and transvaginal mesh repairs are reviewed. The chapters are divided by procedure allowing the reader to easily find what they are looking for. Images and figures of methods of evaluation and repair of these complications are included throughout. The volume is organized based on the specific types of surgeries performed and the user is able to look up the type of surgery performed and immediately find all of the potential complications and their treatments. This text will serve as a comprehensive guide and reference allowing the surgeon quick and ready access to information about the complications of female pelvic surgery.

Targeted intraoperative radiotherapy is a major advance in the management of cancer patients and has been attracting massive interest worldwide following publication of the results of an important randomized controlled trial in The Lancet. This textbook is designed to introduce this innovative technology in a comprehensive manner to clinicians dealing with cancer patients. Throughout, the emphasis is on practical aspects, and the text is supported by many excellent illustrations. The editors of the book have extensive experience in targeted intraoperative radiotherapy and include co-directors of the TARGIT Academy, which runs international training courses on the technology in the United Kingdom and Germany. They have brought together multidisciplinary contributors from different centers across the world who have wide experience in the field and whose work has been recognized internationally. It is the editors' hope that this book will succeed in ensuring that targeted intraoperative radiotherapy is used effectively worldwide.

Providing clinicians with a comprehensive, evidence-based summary of musculoskeletal health in pregnancy and postpartum, this is the first book of its kind to describe the physiologic changes, prevalence, etiology, diagnostic strategies, and effective treatments for the most common musculoskeletal clinical conditions encountered during this phase of life. Lumbopelvic pain, upper and lower extremity diagnoses, labor and delivery considerations, including the impact on the pelvic floor, and medical therapeutics will be discussed. Additionally, the importance and influence of exercise in pregnancy, the long-term implications of musculoskeletal health in pregnancy and current and future directions for research will be addressed. The childbearing period is a time of remarkable reproductive and musculoskeletal change, predisposing women to potential injury, pain, and resultant disability. Musculoskeletal Health in Pregnancy and Postpartum offers musculoskeletal medicine specialists, obstetricians and any clinicians involved in the care of pregnant or postpartum women the tools necessary to prepare for, treat and prevent these concurrent injuries during an already challenging time.

Breast Imaging presents a comprehensive review of the subject matter commonly encountered by practicing radiologists and radiology residents in training. This volume includes succinct overviews of breast cancer epidemiology, screening, staging, and treatment; overviews of all imaging modalities including mammography, tomosynthesis, ultrasound, and MRI; step-by-step approaches for image-guided breast interventions; and high-yield chapters organized by specific imaging finding seen on mammography, tomosynthesis, ultrasound, and MRI. Part of the Rotations in Radiology series, this book offers a guided approach to breast imaging interpretation and techniques, highlighting the nuances necessary to arrive at the best diagnosis and management. Each chapter contains a targeted discussion of an imaging finding which reviews the anatomy and physiology, distinguishing features, imaging techniques, differential diagnosis, clinical issues, key points, and further reading. Breast Imaging is a must-read for residents and practicing radiologists seeking a foundation for the essential knowledge base in breast imaging.

This book reveals how giving birth is an inherently safe, relatively painless process that is best performed without the assistance of doctors or midwives, and how confidence and a positive attitude reduces fear-and therefore the pain-of labor. According to Laura Kaplan Shanley, a renowned leader in the natural-birth movement, human birth is inherently safe and relatively painless-provided we refrain from physical or psychological interference. The problems often associated with birth can be traced to three main factors: poverty, unnecessary medical intervention, and fear. When these causes are eliminated, most women can give birth either alone or with the help of a partner, friends, or family. This second edition of Unassisted Childbirth leads with a history of childbirth and then describes how most deliveries occur today, detailing why these processes don't serve mothers or babies. The information in this unique book gives women yet another legitimate choice in childbirth that doesn't rely on doctors and technology, and allows parents, birth professionals, and general readers to reexamine their most basic ideas about birth and learn to think in new ways. A bibliography of unassisted childbirth resources

Just a few decades ago, children born with significant congenital anomalies or genetic and metabolic diseases perished at an early age and very few survived into their teens and even less into adulthood. Congenital heart disease, major errors in metabolism, cancer, cystic fibrosis and many other major diseases were fatal. Because of that many physicians in adult primary care did not have the opportunity to see patients with these problems and thus unable to learn how to care for them. In this book, we have recruited highly qualified and experienced physicians to compile what is to the best of our knowledge, the first book dealing entirely with the issue of children's diseases in adults. Our goal is to provide a resource for all health care providers in order to help with caring for such adult patients. We believe that it will be valuable to all health care providers who provide care to adults with children's diseases. To our knowledge, there is no such resource available for practitioners which will make this book desirable.

For more than a decade, there has been no resource to guide the practitioner, trainee or allied health professional in this important field of pediatrics. These disorders are addressed every day with children admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit, pediatric intensive care unit, inpatient units, day hospitals, surgical units (inpatient and ambulatory), emergency rooms or in the outpatient setting.

Fluid and Electrolytes in Pediatrics: A Comprehensive Handbook is a complete compendium of ready access information for pediatricians, family practitioners, residents, students and allied health professionals. The manual will be a "go to" source for tables or information on any aspect of fluid, electrolyte and acid-base metabolism for general pediatrics/ family practitioners/residents/medical students/nurses or the medical or surgical specialties.

In order to achieve the goal as the "THE" textbook in this discipline, each chapter of the book will be divided into the following areas: Definition and Pathophysiology, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Causes, Treatment and Representative Scenarios. Case presentations/problems (6-10) to illustrate the key points within the chapter. The scenarios will attempt to cover the most common problems that present in pediatrics.

This book will have unique information with extensive tables, lists, and algorithms that detail clinical features of the entire spectrum of water metabolism, disorders of electrolytes, and disturbances in acid-base homeostasis by age (infants/newborns, children and adolescents) that is not available in any other textbook.

Reproductive tract infections (RTis) have become a silent epidemic that is devastating women's lives. Each year, thousands of women die needlessly from the consequences of these infections, including cervical cancer, ectopic pregnancy, acute and chronic infections of the uterus and the fallopian tubes, and puerperal infections. For many women, this happens because they receive medical attention too late, if at all. The terrible irony of this tragedy is that early diagnosis of and treatment for many RTis do not require high-technology health care. For the hundreds of millions of women with chronic RTis acquired from their sexual partners, life can become a living hell. Infection is a major cause of infertility, and it leads to scorn and rejection in many countries. These women may experience constant pain, have festering lesions of the genital tract, be at enhanced risk of second ary diseases, and endure social ostracism. The problems associated with RT s have grown even greater in the past decade with the emergence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and AIDS. Preexisting sexually transmitted disease, particularly when associated with genital tract ulcers, raises women's vulnerability to the transmission of HIV 3-5 fold."

The Essential Reference for Professionals Working with Breastfeeding Mothers - Now Published by Springer Publishing Company Medications & Mothers' Milk is the worldwide-bestselling drug reference on the use of medications in breastfeeding mothers, providing you with the most current, complete, and evidence-based information. Extensively updated throughout, the 17th Edition includes hundreds of new drugs, diseases, vaccines, and syndromes. The appendices provide information on radioactive drugs and tests, and over-the-counter drugs. Written by world-renowned Clinical Pharmacologist, Dr. Thomas Hale, and assisted by Dr. Hilary Rowe, this drug reference provides everything that is known about the transfer of various medications into human milk, the use of radiopharmaceuticals, the use of chemotherapeutic agents, and vaccines in breastfeeding mothers. Features: Updated throughout with new data on 1,115 drugs, syndromes, vaccines, and herbals. Contains new tables to compare the suitability of psychiatric medications and pain medication. Includes many new radiocontrast agents and other diagnostic procedures.