Rhythmical Einreibungen are gentle, rhythmical forms of therapeutic massage used by nurses, carers and therapists working out of anthroposophy. (The word 'Einreibung' refers to the application of an oil or ointment to the body.) The methods - developed by Dr Ita Wegman and Dr Margarethe Hauschka at the beginning of the twentieth century - were first used exclusively in medicine and nursing, but have since been applied more widely in care and nursing homes, hospitals and clinics, as well as in curative education and social therapy. This clear and comprehensive manual - the first such to be published in English - is intended for anyone who: wishes to use Rhythmical Einreibungen in their professional work and to review, extend or deepen their knowledge; has attended introductory courses and would like to read up on specific subject areas or find suggestions for going deeper; teaches Rhythmical Einreibungen and is looking for suggestions or further ideas; and would like to learn about this effective healing discipline.It is divided into 4 chapters: describes aspects of the anthroposophical image of the human being that are relevant within the context - concepts which are important for the application and effectiveness of Rhythmical Einreibungen are introduced and explained; distinguishes between Rhythmical Massage and Rhythmical Einreibungen - details are given of how the rhythmical quality is created for the Einreibungen; gives a description of the techniques of the 'part' and 'organ Einreibungen' which are most important in nursing; and offers specific exercises which can be used to develop the special skills required for the procedure.

"Music Therapy for the Autistic Child" was first published in 1978, and was the first book of its kind to analyze the effect of music therapy on the whole development of the autistic child. It contained detailed accounts of the music therapy techniques found to be effective with different types of autistic children, and it illustrated these with case studies drawn from the author's original research. This second edition retains all the text of the first and adds three new chapters to it, reflecting the depth of research music therapy has received over the last 10 years and its important position within the whole therapy of autistic children. Written by Auriel Warwick, herself a music therapist and student of Juliette Alvin, these chapters describe how mothers can be involved with their autistic children in the therapeutic process, and illustrates the problems and rewards found in the musical and personal relationships which evolve.

Medical Ethnomusicology is a new field of integrative and holistic research and applied practice that approaches music, health, and healing anew, engaging the biological, psychological, emotional, social, and spiritual domains of human life that frame and inform our experiences of health and healing, illness and disease, life and death. The power of music to create health and healing at the individual, community, and societal levels is not only linked to these domains of human life, but is intimately interwoven with the ever present and multifaceted frame of culture, which is often where meaning lies, and is a key factor that creates or inhibits efficacy.
The Oxford Handbook of Medical Ethnomusicology appeals to all those interested in music, medicine, and culture, and represents a new stage of collaborative discourse among researchers and practitioners who embrace and incorporate knowledge from a diversity of fields. Importantly, such knowledge, by definition, spans the globe of traditional cultural practices of music, spirituality, and medicine, including biomedical, integrative, complementary, and alternative models; is rooted in new physics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, cognitive science, linguistics, medical anthropology, and of course, music, dance, and all the healing arts.
The book is more than the first collected volume to establish the discipline of medical ethnomusicology and express its broad potential; it is also an expression of a wider paradigm shift of innovative thinking and collaboration that fully embraces both the health sciences and the healing arts. The authors encourage the development of this new paradigm through an openness to and engagement of knowledge from diverse research areas and domains of human life conventionally viewed as disparate, yet laden with potential benefits for an improved or vibrant quality of life, prevention of illness and disease, even cure and healing.

Seeing older age as a time of loss and helplessness too often prevents therapists from providing treatments that can be of enormous benefit to older people.

Ken Laidlaw, Larry Thompson, Leah Dick-Siskin and Dolores Gallagher-Thompson draw upon their collective wealth of clinical experience to provide a comprehensive and practical guide to the applications of CBT to older adults.

Special features include:

• A new CBT model, effectively adapted from Beck's basic CBT model, for use with older adults.

• Numerous clinical examples of the usefulness of CBT to treat depression, anxiety, caregiver distress and sleep disturbances.

• Recommendations for treating depression co-morbid with common medical problems including stroke, Parkinson's disease, the dementias and arthritis.

• Specific recommendations for 'troubleshooting' frequent dilemmas, such as managing suicidality.

• Appendices containing blank examples of forms used within the text, and recommended self-help books and websites for further consultation.

Dr. Epstein provides a new vision of how the mind can heal the body through the use of "imaginal medicine". His techniques for tapping into the mind's latent energy enable readers to take charge of their health and lives with surprisingly fast, positive results. 20 illustrations.

This new paperback edition makes available John Harley Warner's highly influential, revisionary history of nineteenth-century American medicine. Deftly integrating social and intellectual perspectives, Warner explores a crucial shift in medical history, when physicians no longer took for granted such established therapies as bloodletting, alcohol, and opium and began to question the sources and character of their therapeutic knowledge. He examines what this transformation meant in terms of patient care and assesses the impact of clinical research, educational reform, unorthodox medical movements, newly imported European method, and the products of laboratory science on medical ideology and action. Originally published in 1997. The Princeton Legacy Library uses the latest print-on-demand technology to again make available previously out-of-print books from the distinguished backlist of Princeton University Press. These editions preserve the original texts of these important books while presenting them in durable paperback and hardcover editions. The goal of the Princeton Legacy Library is to vastly increase access to the rich scholarly heritage found in the thousands of books published by Princeton University Press since its founding in 1905.

Obesity is one of the most relevant public health concerns today and it is now evident that body weight control is achieved through highly integrated physiological interactions like nutrient selection as well as being influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Moreover, energy balance regulation is a complex process aimed at maintaining constant energy stores. Presenting a detailed and comprehensive account of the roles of specific peptides in energy balance, food intake control and co-morbidities, this review provides a better understanding of the patho-physiology of energy balance and obesity.

This text contains a collection of papers presented at the 6th World Congress on Down's Syndrome, held in Madrid in October 1997. The papers focus on the scientific advances and therapeutic practices that make it possible for people with Down's syndrome to enjoy good health, to be recognized socially, to go to mainstream school, to have a job, to integrate in their community and to enjoy a better quality of life.

The papers aim to reflect the dynamism of the Down's syndrome community at national and international levels, and the questions and solutions envisaged in many parts of the world. They also highlight the challenges for future concern. The most important and urgent challenges discussed are: increased recognition of the syndromic specificity of Down's syndrome; better knowledge of the genetic mechanisms inducing Down's syndrome and of the individual variation at the genetic and epigenetic level (particularly brain development); more precise characterization of psychological, educational and social development in Down's syndrome individuals; continued improvement of medical care for the whole life cycle of Down's syndrome individuals; better and specialized school techniques and approaches for tracking literacy and computational skills in Down's syndrome children and adolescents; more effective ways of integrating Down syndrome individuals into society and making them feel and be fully-fledged members of our social structures; and adequate medical, psychological, and social care of ageing Down's syndrome persons

This practical guide to the treatment of children with autism and Asperger syndrome commences with a comprehensive review of research into the nature, causes and treatment of these complex conditions. A wide range of therapies are explored and evaluated and advice is given to parents about the issues to consider when seeking treatment for their children. Practical ways of approaching a variety of problems relating to autism and Asperger syndrome are discussed, notably those associated with

• language impairments
• social deficits
• ritualistic and stereotyped behaviours

Cost-effectiveness analysis is becoming an increasingly important tool for decision making in the health systems. Cost-Effectiveness of Medical Treatments formulates the cost-effectiveness analysis as a statistical decision problem, identifies the sources of uncertainty of the problem, and gives an overview of the frequentist and Bayesian statistical approaches for decision making. Basic notions on decision theory such as space of decisions, space of nature, utility function of a decision and optimal decisions, are explained in detail using easy to read mathematics. Features Focuses on cost-effectiveness analysis as a statistical decision problem and applies the well-established optimal statistical decision methodology. Discusses utility functions for cost-effectiveness analysis. Enlarges the class of models typically used in cost-effectiveness analysis with the incorporation of linear models to account for covariates of the patients. This permits the formulation of the group (or subgroup) theory. Provides Bayesian procedures to account for model uncertainty in variable selection for linear models and in clustering for models for heterogeneous data. Model uncertainty in cost-effectiveness analysis has not been considered in the literature. Illustrates examples with real data. In order to facilitate the practical implementation of real datasets, provides the codes in Mathematica for the proposed methodology. The motivation for the book is to make the achievements in cost-effectiveness analysis accessible to health providers, who need to make optimal decisions, to the practitioners and to the students of health sciences. Elias Moreno is Professor of Statistics and Operational Research at the University of Granada, Spain, Corresponding Member of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Spain, and elect member of ISI. Francisco Jose Vazquez-Polo is Professor of Mathematics and Bayesian Methods at the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, and Head of the Department of Quantitative Methods. Miguel Angel Negrin is Senior Lecturer in the Department of Quantitative Methods at the ULPGC. His main research topics are Bayesian methods applied to Health Economics, economic evaluation and cost-effectiveness analysis, meta-analysis and equity in the provision of healthcare services.

The practice of curanderismo, or Mexican American folk medicine, is part of a historically and culturally important health care system deeply rooted in native Mexican healing techniques. This is the first book to describe the practice from an insider's point of view, based on the authors' three-year apprenticeships with curanderos (healers). Robert T. Trotter and Juan Antonio Chavira present an intimate view of not only how curanderismo is practiced but also how it is learned and passed on as a healing tradition. By providing a better understanding of why curanderos continue to be in demand despite the lifesaving capabilities of modern medicine, this text will serve as an indispensable resource to health professionals who work within Mexican American communities, to students of transcultural medicine, and to urban ethnologists and medical anthropologists.

"From the Fat of Our Souls" offers a revealing new perspective on medicine, and the reasons for choosing or combining indigenous and cosmopolitan medical systems, in the Andean highlands. Closely observing the dialogue that surrounds medicine and medical care among Indians and Mestizos, Catholics and Protestants, peasants and professionals in the rural town of Kachitu, Libbet Crandon-Malamud finds that medical choice is based not on medical efficacy but on political concerns. Through the primary resource of medicine, people have access to secondary resources, the principal one being social mobility. This investigation of medical pluralism is also a history of class formation and the fluidity of both medical theory and social identity in highland Bolivia, and it is told through the often heartrending, often hilarious stories of the people who live there.

Gastric and Oesophageal Surgery serves as a detailed, evidence- based guide to benign and malignant oesophageal and gastric surgery, covering in a practical and accessible manner the myriad surgical conditions that trainees and consultants in the area will face. Whilst its compact size allows it great portability as a 'pocket guide', its succinct writing style gives the reader excellent ease of reference and a thorough 'how-to' on all major surgical processes. A comprehensive, highly topical evidence base is supplemented by a wealth of expert advice, which is easily accessed as practical tips within clearly laid out chapters. This makes the book an ideal revision aid for the FRCS General Surgery exit examinations, although its breadth and depth of coverage will benefit new consultant surgeons as well as junior surgical trainees. Highly illustrated with over 110 line drawings and photographs, it is the ideal volume to refresh the memory and consolidate knowledge in clinic or before surgery.