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Books > Science & Mathematics > Chemistry > Inorganic chemistry > General

Green Functions in Electrochemistry (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1997): Stanislaw Romanowski, Leszek... Green Functions in Electrochemistry (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1997)
Stanislaw Romanowski, Leszek Wojtczak
R2,875 Discovery Miles 28 750 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

The book presents the method of thermodynamic Green Functions applied to the problems of electrochemistry. The basic theorems and their derivations are found at the didactic level which requires, however, a knowledge of the principles of quantum mechanics and statistical physics. The book is mainly based on the results of papers published during the last fifteen years by its authors and their coworkers from the Department of Theoretical Chemistry and the Department of Solid State Physics of the University ofL6di (poland) within the context of the results reported in literature. Although the Green Functions Method has become very popular in solid state physics, there are almost no applications of this technique to electrochemistry. The only papers where the Green Functions Method is applied to the molten salts and liquid mercury theory are the precursory works published by Professor S. G. Davison and his coworkers from the Waterloo University (Canada) in the early eighties. We hope that the present book can fill this gap in the electrochemical literature.

Critical Stability Constants - Second Supplement (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1989): Arthur E.... Critical Stability Constants - Second Supplement (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1989)
Arthur E. Martell, Robert M. Smith
R3,101 Discovery Miles 31 010 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Over the past twenty five years the Commission on Equilibrium Data of the Analytical Division of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has been sponsoring a noncritical compilation of metal complex formation constants and related equilibrium constants. This work was extensive in scope and resulted in publication of two large volumes of Stability Constants by the Chemical Society (London). The first volume, edited by L. G. Sillen (for inorganic ligands) and by A. E. Martell (for organic ligands), was published in 1964 and covered the literature through 1962. The second volume, subtitled Supplement No. 1, edited by L. G. Sillen and E. Hogfeldt (for inorganic ligands), and A. E. Martell and R. M. Smith (for organic ligands), was published in 1971 and covered the literature up to 1969. These two large compilations attempted to cover all papers in the field related to metal complex equilibria (heats, entropies, and free energies). Most recently a noncritical compilation of organic ligands by D. D. Perrin (Pergamon Press) extended coverage of the literature through 1973 and a similar volume for inorganic ligands by E. Hogfeldt covered through 1974. Since it was the policy of the Commission during that period to avoid decisions concerning the quality and reliability of the published work, th~ compilation would frequently contain from ten to twenty values for a single equilibrium constant.

Metal Promoted Selectivity in Organic Synthesis (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1991): A. Noels, M.... Metal Promoted Selectivity in Organic Synthesis (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1991)
A. Noels, M. Graziani, A.J. Hubert
R5,606 Discovery Miles 56 060 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

The demand for selective organic reactions is growing more acute everyday. Indeed, greater product selectivity has an important impact on energy and resource utilization, in terms of reduced process energy requirements for product separation and purification, in terms of low-value by-products, and in terms of environmental acceptance and compatibility. Moreover, more and more chemicals, especially pharmaceuticals, have to be sold in an optically active form. The search for selectivity constitutes a tremendous challenge for the chemists. In the last two decades, homogeneous transition metal based catalysis has emerged as one of the most promising tools for obtaining selectivity. In connection with developments in this area, this book contains updated and expanded versions of most of the lectures presented at a Cornett course held in Trieste (Italy) in 1989 and sponsored by the European Community. A primary aim is to cultivate a deeper understanding of the parameters that govern the selectivities and stimulate a wider utilization of transition metal based catalysis in organic synthesis. All aspects of selectivity, chemo-, regio-, stereo- and enantioselectivity are considered and illustrated by applications in various fields or organic synthesis. The impact of catalysis in oxydation, reduction, carbonylation reactions, carbene chemistry, in Ni and Pd promoted dimerizations, oligomerizations as well as fonctionalisations is stressed, quite often with special emphasis laid on reaction mechanisms. In this aspect, the last chapter examplifies the interest of high pressure NMR and IR when investigating the nature of reaction intermediates in homogeneous reactions.

Radiation Curing - Science and Technology (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992): S.Peter Pappas Radiation Curing - Science and Technology (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992)
S.Peter Pappas
R4,398 Discovery Miles 43 980 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Striking a balance between the scientific and technological aspects of radiation curing, this work includes both a summary of current knowledge as well as many chapters which present the first comprehensive accounts of their subjects.

From Coello to Inorganic Chemistry - A Lifetime of Reactions (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2002): Fred... From Coello to Inorganic Chemistry - A Lifetime of Reactions (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2002)
Fred Basolo
R2,867 Discovery Miles 28 670 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

From boyhood in the coal-mining village of Coello, Illinois, to winning the Priestly Medal and becoming the president of the American Chemical Society, Professor Emeritus Fred Basolo of Northwestern University traces the intertwined development of his life, career, and the field of inorganic chemistry. With over a hundred photographs and dozens of structures and equations, From Coello to Inorganic Chemistry details the major innovations, travels, family life, and guests hosted while helping to build one of the world's leading inorganic chemistry departments from its humble beginnings at Northwestern University. Students and chemists with interests in bioinorganic chemistry, catalysis, nanoscience, new materials research, and organometallics can follow the emergence of inorganic chemistry as a rival to organic chemistry through the accomplishments of one of its most influential pioneers.

Highlights in Solute-Solvent Interactions (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2002): Wolfgang Linert Highlights in Solute-Solvent Interactions (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2002)
Wolfgang Linert; Foreword by H. Taube
R2,900 Discovery Miles 29 000 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Most organic molecules retain their integrity when dissolved, and even though in such cases the effects exerted by solvents are, in the language of the coordination chemist, of the "outer sphere" kind, the choice of solvent can be critical to the successful outcome of an operation or preparation. Solubilities of reactants and products must be taken into account, and even if the organic principals in the reactions retain their integrity, many of the reagents are electrolytes, and their state of aggregation will affect their reactivity. In testifying to the importance of understanding solute-solvent interactions I draw attention to a large class of inorganic species for which the involvement in the chemical and physical properties by the solvent is even more deeply seated. It is comprised by the large body of metal atoms in low oxidation states for which solvent molecules intervene as reagents. At the same time, because the ions carry charges, the effects arising from outer sphere interactions are usually greater than they are for neutral molecules. To cite an example: when FeCb(s) is dissolved in water to form a dilute - say O. OlO- solution there is a complete reorganization of the coordination sphere of the cation. Whereas in the solid each cation is surrounded by six chloride ions, in the solution the dominant form is [Fe(H20)6]3+ followed by [Fe(H20)sCI]2+, [Fe(H20)4CI2]+, etc. in rapidly decreasing abundance.

Metal-Metal Bonds and Clusters in Chemistry and Catalysis (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1990): John P.... Metal-Metal Bonds and Clusters in Chemistry and Catalysis (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1990)
John P. Fackler Jr
R4,365 Discovery Miles 43 650 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This book contains a series of papers and abstracts from the 7th Industry-University Cooperative Chemistry Program symposium held in the spring of 1989 at Texas A&M University. The symposium was larger than previous IUCCP symposia since it also celebrated the 25 years that had elapsed since the initial discovery by F. A. Cotton and his co-workers of the existence of metal-metal quadruple bonds. Cotton's discovery demonstrated that multiple bonding in inorganic systems is not governed by the same constraints observed in organic chemistry regarding s and p orbital involvement. The d orbitals are involved in the multiple bonding description. The quadruple bond involves considerable d orbital overlap between adjacent metal centers. Part I of this series of papers focuses upon the impact of this discovery and describes further contributions to the development of the field. Multiple metal-metal bonding now is known to permeate broad areas of transition metal chemistry. The understanding of metal-metal bonding that developed as a result of the discovery of multiple metal-metal bonding awakened a new chemistry involving metal clusters. Clusters were defined by Cotton to be species containing metal-metal bonding. Clusters in catalysis therefore seemed a logical grouping of papers in this symposium. Clusters play an every increasing role in the control of chemical reactions. Part II of this book describes some of the interesting new developments in this field. In Part III the papers examine the role clusters play in describing and understanding solid state materials.

Structural Methods in Molecular Inorganic Chemistry (Paperback): D Rankin Structural Methods in Molecular Inorganic Chemistry (Paperback)
D Rankin
R1,585 Discovery Miles 15 850 Ships in 12 - 19 working days

Determining the structure of molecules is a fundamental skill that all chemists must learn. "Structural Methods in Molecular Inorganic Chemistry" is designed to help readers interpret experimental data, understand the material published in modern journals of inorganic chemistry, and make decisions about what techniques will be the most useful in solving particular structural problems.

Following a general introduction to the tools and concepts in structural chemistry, the following topics are covered in detail:

- computational chemistry- nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy - electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy - Mossbauer spectroscopy - rotational spectra and rotational structure - vibrational spectroscopy - electronic characterization techniques- diffraction methods - mass spectrometry

The final chapter presents a series of case histories, illustrating how chemists have applied a broad range of structural techniques to interpret and understand chemical systems.

Throughout the textbook a strong connection is made between theoretical topics and the real world of practicing chemists. Each chapter concludes with problems and discussion questions, and a supporting website contains additional advanced material.

"Structural Methods in Molecular Inorganic Chemistry" is an extensive update and sequel to the successful textbook "Structural Methods in Inorganic Chemistry" by Ebsworth, Rankin and Cradock. It is essential reading for all advanced students of chemistry, and a handy reference source for the professional chemist.

Micelles - Theoretical and Applied Aspects (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992): Y. Moroi Micelles - Theoretical and Applied Aspects (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1992)
Y. Moroi
R2,865 Discovery Miles 28 650 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Almost thirty years ago the author began his studies in colloid chemistry at the laboratory of Professor Ryohei Matuura of Kyushu University. His graduate thesis was on the elimination of radioactive species from aqueous solution by foam fractionation. He has, except for a few years of absence, been at the university ever since, and many students have contributed to his subsequent work on micelle formation and related phenomena. Nearly sixty papers have been published thus far. Recently, in search of a new orientation, he decided to assemble his findings and publish them in book form for review and critique. In addition, his use of the mass action model of micelle has received much criticism, especially since the introduction of the phase separation model. Many recent reports have postulated a role for Laplace pressure in micellization. Although such a hypothesis would provide an easy explanation for micelle formation, it neglects the fact that an interfacial tension exists between two macroscopic phases. The present book cautions against too ready an acceptance of the phase separation model of micelle formation. Most references cited in this book are studies introduced in small group meetings of colloid chemists, the participants at which included Professors M. Saito, M. Manabe, S. Kaneshina, S. Miyagishi, A. Yamauchi, H. Akisada, H. Matuo, M. Sakai, and Drs. O. Shibata, N. Nishikido, and Y. Murata, to whom the author wishes to express his gratitude for useful discussions.

Battery Hazards and Accident Prevention (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1994): P. Bro, S.C. Levy Battery Hazards and Accident Prevention (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1994)
P. Bro, S.C. Levy
R4,365 Discovery Miles 43 650 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This book is about how to avoid the accidents and injuries that may occur when batteries are abused or mishandled. It is the first book to deal specifically with this subject in a reasonably comprehensive manner accessible to readers ranging from regular consumers to technical specialists. Batteries and battery processes are described in sufficient detail to enable readers to understand why and how batteries cause accidents and what can be done to prevent them. Each year in the United States alone, thousands of individuals are injured by battery accidents, some of which are severely disabling. The tragedy is that such accidents need not occur. The book is intended to satisfy the needs of a varied group of readers: battery users in general, battery engineers, and designers of battery-operated equipment and consumer electronics. Since the book is a reference source of information on batteries and battery chemicals, we believe it may also be useful to those studying the environment as well as to medical personnel called upon to treat battery injuries. There are no prerequisites for an under standing of the text other than an interest in batteries and their safe usage.

The Inorganic Chemistry of Materials - How to Make Things out of Elements (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed.... The Inorganic Chemistry of Materials - How to Make Things out of Elements (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1998)
Paul J.Van Der Put
R4,382 Discovery Miles 43 820 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

P.J. van der Put offers students an original introduction to materials chemistry that integrates the full range of inorganic chemistry. Technologists who need specific chemical facts to manipulate matter will also find this work invaluable as an easy-to-use reference. The text includes practical subjects of immediate use for materials such as bonding, morphogenesis, and design that more orthodox materials science volumes often leave out.

Critical Stability Constants - Inorganic Complexes (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1976): Arthur Martell Critical Stability Constants - Inorganic Complexes (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1976)
Arthur Martell
R3,409 Discovery Miles 34 090 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Over the past fifteen years the Commission on Equilibrium Data of the Analytical Division of the I nter national Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry has been sponsoring a noncritical compilation of metal complex formation constants and related equilibrium constants. This work was extensive in scope and resulted in the publication of two large volumes of Stability Constants by the Chemical Society (London). The first volume, edited by L. G. Si"en (for inorganic ligands) and by A. E. Marte" (for organic ligands), was published in 1964 and covered the literature through 1962. The second volume, subtitled Supplement No.1, edited by L. G. Si"en and E. Hogfeldt (for inorganic ligands) and by A. E. Marte" and R. M. Smith (for organic ligands), was published in 1971 and covered the literature up to 1969. These two large compilations attempted to cover a" papers in the field related to metal complex equilibria (heats, entropies, and free energies). Since it was the policy of the Commission during that period to avoid decisions concerning the quality and reliability of the published work, the compilation would frequently contain from ten to twenty values for a single equilibrium constant. In many cases the values would differ by one or even two orders of magnitude, thus frustrating readers who wanted to use the data without doing the extensive literature study necessary to determine the correct value of the constant in question."

Asphaltenes - Fundamentals and Applications (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1995): Maite Subirana, Eric... Asphaltenes - Fundamentals and Applications (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1995)
Maite Subirana, Eric Y. Sheu
R2,882 Discovery Miles 28 820 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Asphaltenes have traditionally been viewed as being extremely complex, thus very hard to characterize. In addition, certain fundamental properties of asphaltenes have pre viously been inaccessible to study by traditional macroscopic methods, further limiting understanding of asphaltenes. These limitations inhibited development of descriptions regarding the microscopic structure and solution dynamics of asphaltenes. However, a variety ofmore recent studies have implied that asphaltenes share many chemical properties with the smaller, more tractable components of crude oils. Recent measurements have indicated that asphaltene molecular weights are not as arge as previously thought, perhaps in the range of 600 to I 000 amu. In addition, new experimental methods applied to asphaltene chemical structures have been quite revealing, yielding a broad understanding. Conse quently, the ability to relate chemical structure with physical and chemical properties can be developed and extended to the understanding of important commercial properties of asphal tenes. This book treats significant new developments in the fundamentals and applications of asphaltenes. In the first section ofthe book, new experimental methods are described that characterize asphaltene structures from the molecular to colloidallength scale. The colloidal properties are understandable in terms of asphaltene chemical structures, especially with regard to the heteroatom impact on bonding. However, quantitative measurements of the of asphaltene self-association still need to be determined. In the second section of enthalpy this book, the fundamental understanding of asphaltenes is related riirectly to asphaltene utilization."

Volume 1: Mechanisms of Inorganic and Organometallic Reactions (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1983): M.... Volume 1: Mechanisms of Inorganic and Organometallic Reactions (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1983)
M. Twigg
R1,545 Discovery Miles 15 450 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

During recent years a high level of interest has been maintained in the kinetics and mechanisms of inorganic compounds in solution, and there has also been a notable upsurge of literature concerned with reaction mechanisms of organo transition metal compounds. The reviews of the primary literature previously provided by "Inorganic Reaction Mechanisms" (Royal Society of Chemistry) and "Reaction Mechanisms in Inorganic Chemistry" in "MTP International Re views of Science" (Butterworths) continue to be of considerable value to those concerned with mechanistic studies, and it is unfortunate they are no longer published. The objective of the present series is to provide a continuing critical review of literature dealing with mechanisms of inorganic and organometallic reactions in solution. The scope of potentially relevant work is very large, particularly in the field of organotransition metal chemistry, and papers for inclusion have been chosen that specifically probe mechanistic aspects, rather than those of a prep arative nature. This volume covers the literature published during the period July 1979 to December 1980 inclusive. Material is arranged basically by type of reaction and type of compound along generally accepted lines. Numerical data are usually reported in the units used by the original authors, though the units of some results have been converted in order to make comparisons.

Nonmetallic Materials and Composites at Low Temperatures (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1979): A.F.... Nonmetallic Materials and Composites at Low Temperatures (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1979)
A.F. Clark, Richard Reed, Gunther Hartwig
R1,608 Discovery Miles 16 080 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Cryogenics is an emerging technology filled with promises. Many cryogenic systems demand the use of nonmetallics and composites for adequate or increased performance. Thermal and electrical insulations, potting for superconducting magnets' mechanical sta bility, and composite structures appear to be some of the most significant applications. Research on nonmetallics at cryogenic temperatures has not progressed to the degree of research on metals. Nor can room temperature research be extrapolated to low tempera tures; most polymers undergo a phase transformation to the glassy state below room temperature. Research by producers, for the most part, has not been prac tical, because, except for LNG applications, the market for large material sales is not imminent. There are, however, many government stimulated developmental programs. Research on nonmetallics thus is dictated by development project needs, which require studies orien ted toward prototype hardware and specific objectives. As a result, research continuity suffers. Under these conditions, periodic topical conferences on this subject are needed. Industry and uni versity studies must be encouraged. Designers and project research material specialists need to exchange experiences and data. Low temperature-oriented research groups, such as the National Bureau of Standards and the Institute for Technical Physics - Karlsruhe, must contribute by assisting with fundamentals, interpreting proj ect data, and contributing to project programs through their materials research."

Polyimides - Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. Volume 1 (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed.... Polyimides - Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. Volume 1 (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1984)
K.L. Mittal
R3,002 Discovery Miles 30 020 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

This and its companion Volume 2 chronicle the proceedings of the First Technical Conference on Polyimides: Synthesis, Char acterization and Applications held under the auspices of the Mid Hudson Section of the Society of Plastics Engineers at Ellenville, New York, November 10-12, 1982. In the last decade or so there has been an accelerated interest in the use of polyimides for a variety of applications in a number of widely differing technologies. The applications of polyimides range from aerospace to microelectronics to medical field, and this is attributed to the fact that polyimides offer certain desirable traits, inter alia, high temperature stability. Polyimides are used as organic insulators, as adhesives, as coat ings, in composites, just to name a few of their uses. Even a casual search of the literature will underscore the importance of this class of materials and the high tempo of R&D activity taking place in the area of polyimides. So it was deemed that a conference on polyimides was both timely and needed. This conference was designed to provide a forum for discussion of various ramifications of polyimides, to bring together scientists and technologists interested in all aspects of polyimides and thus to provide an opportunity for cross-pollination of ideas, and to highlight areas which needed further and intensi fied R&D efforts. If the comments from the attendees are a baro meter of the success of a conference, then this event was highly successful and fulfilled amply its stated objectives.

Cathodoluminescence Microscopy of Inorganic Solids (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1990): B. G Yacobi,... Cathodoluminescence Microscopy of Inorganic Solids (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1990)
B. G Yacobi, D.B. Holt
R4,347 Discovery Miles 43 470 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Microcharacterization of materials is a rapidly advancing field. Among the many electron and ion probe techniques, the cathodoluminescence mode of an electron probe instrument has reached a certain maturity, which is reflected by an increas ing number of publications in this field. The rapid rate of progress in applications of cathodoluminescence techniques in characterizing inorganic solids has been especially noticeable in recent years. The main purpose of the book is to outline the applications of cath odoluminescence techniques in the assessment of optical and electronic proper ties of inorganic solids, such as semiconductors, phosphors, ceramics, and min erals. The assessment provides, for example, information on impurity levels derived from cathodoluminescence spectroscopy, analysis of dopant concentra tions at a level that, in some cases, is several orders of magnitude lower than that attainable by x-ray microanalysis, the mapping of defects, and the determination of carrier lifetimes and the charge carrier capture cross sections of impurities. In order to make the book self-contained, some basic concepts of solid-state phys ics, as well as various cathodoluminescence techniques and the processes leading to luminescence phenomena in inorganic solids, are also described. We hope that this book will be useful to both scientists and graduate students interested in microcharacterization of inorganic solids. This book, however, was not intended as a definitive account of cathodoluminescence analysis of in organic solids. In considering the results presented here, readers should re member that many materials have properties that vary widely as a function of preparation conditions."

Advances in Metal Processing (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1981): John J. Burke, Robert Mehrabian,... Advances in Metal Processing (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1981)
John J. Burke, Robert Mehrabian, Volker Weiss
R1,567 Discovery Miles 15 670 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Syracuse University and the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center of Watertown, Massachusetts have conducted the Sagamore Army Materials Research Conference since 1954. In ce1ebration of the 25th Anniversary of this conference, these proceedings are dedicated to the founding members of the Sagamore Conferences. They are Prof. Dr. George Sachs, Dr. James L. Martin, Colonel Benjamin S. Mesik, Dr. Reinier Beeuwkes, Mr. Norman L. Reed and Dr. J. D. Lubahn. This vo1ume, ADVANCES IN METAL PROCESSING, addresses Rapid Solidification Processing, Powder Processing and Conso1idation, We1ding and Joining, Thermal and. Mechanica1 Processing, Meta1 Removal and Process Mode1ing. The dedicated assistance of Mr. Joseph M. Bernier of the Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center and He1en Brown DeMascio of Syracuse University throughout the stages of the conference p1anning and fina11y the pub1ication of this book is deep1y appreciated. Syracuse University Syracuse, New York The Editors vii CONTENTS OVERVIEW Materials Processing - A Perspective of the Field 1 M.C. Flemings and R. Mehrabian SESSION I RAPID SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSING B.B. Rath, Moderator Heat Flow Limitations in Rapid Solidification Processing . . . . . . . . . . . 13 R. Mehrabian, S.C. Hsu, C.G. Levi, and S. Kou Laser Processing of Materials . . . . . 45 B.H. Kear, E.M. Breinan, and E.R. Thompson Electrohydrodynamic Techniques in Metals 79 Processing . . . . . . . . . . ."

Relativistic Methods for Chemists (Paperback, 2010 ed.): Maria Barysz, Yasuyuki Ishikawa Relativistic Methods for Chemists (Paperback, 2010 ed.)
Maria Barysz, Yasuyuki Ishikawa
R8,379 Discovery Miles 83 790 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

"Relativistic Methods for Chemists," written by a highly qualified team of authors, is targeted at both experimentalists and theoreticians interested in the area of relativistic effects in atomic and molecular systems and processes and in their consequences for the interpretation of the heavy element's chemistry.

The theoretical part of the book focuses on the relativistic methods for molecular calculations discussing relativistic two-component theory, density functional theory, pseudopotentials and correlations. The experimentally oriented chapters describe the use of relativistic methods in different applications focusing on the design of new materials based on heavy element compounds, the role of the spin-orbit coupling in photochemistry and photobiology, and chirality and its relations to relativistic description of matter and radiation.

This book is written at an intermediate level in order to appeal to a broader audience than just experts working in the field of relativistic theory.

Nuclear Structure (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1981): K. Abrahams, K. Allaart, A. E. L. Dieperink Nuclear Structure (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1981)
K. Abrahams, K. Allaart, A. E. L. Dieperink
R1,597 Discovery Miles 15 970 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

After the success of the previous summer schools organized by the Nuclear Physics Division of the Netherlands' Physical Society in 1975 and 1977, we thought it worthwhile to continue this tradition. The immediate very positive reactions received from all invited speakers encouraged us to proceed with the orgaization. Although the number of students had to be restricted to about one hundred, the international character of the School was evident from about thirty nationalities which were represented. The material contained in this book covers the talks given by all speakers invited to lecture on the subject of nuclear structure research. These proceedings should therefore serve as an excellent introduction to many topics of current interest in this exciting field. We hope that the lectures and discussions as well as the many informal contacts made during the various social activities will greatly stimulate interest in nuclear structure investigations among all the participants. The organization of the summer school has been made possible by substantial support given by the Scientific Affairs Division of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the Netherlands' Ministry of Education and Science and the Netherlands' Physical Society. The invaluable help of the "Bureau Congressen" of the Ministry of Education and Science and the friendly assistance of the manage ment of the College of Agriculture in Dronten contributed greatly to the pleasant atmosphere during the summer school."

Heteropoly and Isopoly Oxometalates (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1983): M.T. Pope Heteropoly and Isopoly Oxometalates (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1983)
M.T. Pope; Appendix by Y. Jeannin, M. Fournier
R3,320 Discovery Miles 33 200 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Combined oxygen, in the form of water, metal oxides, silicates and other oxyions, accounts for about 50% by weight of the earth's crust. The chemistry of this most abundant element has two major aspects: that of water and aqueous solutions of electrolytes, and that of the solid state. The methodology and techniques appropriate for the study of these fields are sufficiently different that there have been very few points of contact between solution- and solid state chemists. One such contact, of great potential value, is provided by the extensive class of polyoxoanions formed by the transition metals of groups 5 and 6. As 'heteropoly and isopoly acids' these polyanions have been known and investigated for more than a century. The pre sent book is an attempt to survey the chemistry, structures, and applications of these species. Although the book forms part of a series in inorganic chemistry, the field of polyoxometalates deserves wider attention, for example, from organic chemists, especially those concerned with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis, and from biochemists, solid state- and materials scientists."

Advances in Lithium-Ion Batteries (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2002): Walter Van Schalkwijk, B.... Advances in Lithium-Ion Batteries (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2002)
Walter Van Schalkwijk, B. Scrosati
R5,683 Discovery Miles 56 830 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

In the decade since the introduction of the first commercial lithium-ion battery research and development on virtually every aspect of the chemistry and engineering of these systems has proceeded at unprecedented levels. This book is a snapshot of the state-of-the-art and where the work is going in the near future. The book is intended not only for researchers, but also for engineers and users of lithium-ion batteries which are found in virtually every type of portable electronic product.

Organic Photochromic and Thermochromic Compounds - Volume 2: Physicochemical Studies, Biological Applications, and... Organic Photochromic and Thermochromic Compounds - Volume 2: Physicochemical Studies, Biological Applications, and Thermochromism (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1999)
John C. Crano, Robert J. Guglielmetti
R4,630 Discovery Miles 46 300 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Experiments showinga rapid and reversible change ofcolor s eem likemagic and are always fascinating. The process involved, photochromism, has a few real and many potential applications. Photochromic glasses thatdarken int he s unlight (protecting eyes from excessive light intensity) and bleach ind im lighta re today a part ofe v eryday life. Organic photochromic compounds in plastic ophthalmic lenses, more comfortable to wear, are now competing with silversalts in glasses, despite the longer lifetime oft he inorganic system. This successful commercial application has given a new impetus to research in the general field of photo chromism, which had its most recent revival in the early eighties. The storyo forganic photochromism with its ups anddowns, from the breakthroughs oft he pioneering periodi n the fifties, through the hardtimes dueto the drawbacks of photodegradation, tot he recent successes is in many ways a saga. The upsurges in this domain were marked by an increasing flow of articles in scientific journals andt he publication of several books (in 1971, 1990, and 1992) that have collectedt he important accumulatedknowledge. Over this period, a considerable number ofpatents have been issued. International meetings have accompanied this activity, the most recent being held in 1993 (ISOP 93 atLes Embiez Island, France) and in 1996 (ISOP 96 inClearwater, Florida). Remark ably, these meetings had good representation from both academia and industry. The next ISOP is planned for 1999 in Fukuoka, Japan.

Functional Phthalocyanine Molecular Materials (Paperback, Previously published in hardcover): Jianzhuang Jiang Functional Phthalocyanine Molecular Materials (Paperback, Previously published in hardcover)
Jianzhuang Jiang
R8,295 Discovery Miles 82 950 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

Phthalocyanines exhibit intriguing physic-chemical properties that render them important as a class of molecular functional materials. In addition to their tra- tional industrial applications as dyes and pigments, more recently their use as the organic semiconductors,photodynamictherapy medicines, non-linear optical ma- rials, catalysts for the photo oxidation, optical recording materials, and gas sensors attracts great research interests in these tetrapyrrole species. As manifested by the rapidly increasing number of related scienti?c publications in recent years, great progress has been made in the ?eld of advanced phthalocyaninematerials. Tremendous efforts have been paid toward the development of new phtha- cyanine molecular materials as well as toward their applications. Recent emphasis in both academic researches and technical ?eld has been put on the design and synthesis of novel phthalocyanine species, the structure-propertyrelationship, se- assembly properties, molecular electronics and opto-electronics, and dye-sensitized solarcells.Althoughexcellentreviewsandmonographsaboutphthalocyanineswere publishedseveralyearsago,it is time to providea surveyof a numberof newimp- tant developments in this fascinating area of phthalocyanine chemistry. The aim of this book is to bring both the academic and industrial researchers an easy way to the new progress of phthalocyanines made lately in related ?eld.

Growth of Crystals (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1988): E. I Givargizov, S.A. Grinberg Growth of Crystals (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 1988)
E. I Givargizov, S.A. Grinberg
R1,550 Discovery Miles 15 500 Ships in 10 - 15 working days

The present volume of this series, following the tradition of the previous volumes, covers three major lines of research on crystallization: growth from vapor and epitaxy, growth from solution, and growth from melt. As in the previous volumes, preference is given to papers that provide original results and reviews of results obtained by the authors and those from published sources, although some of the papers are either purely original or purely of review character. The first section deals with crystal growth from vapor and epitaxy and contains three papers. One of them, on artificial epitaxy, discusses and reviews published results from the last three years in this rapidly developing area. The results are used in outlining mechanisms for oriented film growth on amorphous substrates. Another paper in this section deals with classical epitaxy, namely oriented growth on single-crystal substrates, where some important conclusions are drawn from the growth of gallium nitride films on sapphire, which concern the orientation relationships in that pair of substances. The last paper in the section deals with film growth under ion bombardment (the corresponding techniques in film crystallization have already advanced from theory to practical applications).

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