Problem-solving is one of the most challenging aspects students encounter in general chemistry courses leading to frustration and failure. Consequently, many students become less motivated to take additional chemistry courses after the first year. This book deals with calculations in general chemistry and its primary goal is to prevent frustration by providing students with innovative, intuitive, and systematic strategies to problem-solving in chemistry. The material addresses this issue by providing several sample problems with carefully explained step-by-step solutions for each concept. Key concepts, basic theories, and equations are provided and worked examples are selected to reflect possible ways problems could be presented to students.

Pyrolysis of Organic Molecules with Applications to Health and Environmental Issues, the 28th volume in the Techniques and Instrumentation in Analytical Chemistry series, gives a systematic and comprehensive description of pyrolysis of non-polymeric organic molecules. Pyrolysis is involved in many practical applications as well as in many common human activities, but harmful compounds can be generated in the process. The study of pyrolysis and of the formation of undesirable compounds as a result of pyrolytic processes is of considerable interest to chemists, chemical engineers, and toxicologists.
Pyrolysis results for compounds not previously studied or reported. Updated information from a large body of results published on pyrolysis of individual compounds or classes of compounds. Information on mechanisms and kinetics of numerous pyrolytic processes.

This book compiles recent research on the modification of nucleic acids. It covers backbone modifications and conjugation of lipids, peptides and proteins to oligonucleotides and their therapeutic use. Synthesis and application in biomedicine and nanotechnology of aptamers, fluorescent and xeno nucleic acids, DNA repair and artificial DNA are discussed as well.

This series is world-renowned as the leading compilation of current reviews of this vast field. Internationally acclaimed for more than 40 years, "The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology, " founded by the late Professor R.H.F. Manske, continues to provide outstanding coverage of this rapidly expanding field. Each volume provides, through its distinguished authors, up-to-date and detailed coverage of particular classes or sources of alkaloids.
* Up-to-date reviews on a large and very important group of natural products from both a chemical and biological perspective.
* Comprehensive, dynamic reviews written by leading authors in the respective fields.
* Broad coverage on the biological aspects.

This series is world-renowned as the leading compilation of current reviews of this vast field. Internationally acclaimed for more than forty years, The Alkaloids: Chemistry and Biology, founded by the late Professor R.H.F. Manske, continues to provide outstanding coverage of this rapidly expanding field. Each volume provides, through its distinguished authors, up-to-date and detailed coverage of particular classes or sources of alkaloids.
* Up-to-date reviews on a large and very important group of natural products from both a chemical and biological perspective.
* Comprehensive dynamic reviews written by the leading authors in the respective fields.
* Broader coverage than before on the biological aspects.

The "Compendium of Organic Synthetic Methods" serves as a handy desktop reference for organic chemists to browse new reactions and transformations of interest, facilitating the search for functional group transformations in the original literature of organic chemistry. Volume 13 contains both functional group transformations and carbon-carbon bond forming reactions from the literature in the years 2005-8. It presents examples of published reactions for the preparation of monofunctional compounds.The Compendium of Organic Synthetic Methods series facilitates the search for quality, selected functional group transformations, organized by reacting functional group of starting material and functional group formed, with full references to each reactionPresents examples of published reactions for the preparation of monofunctional compounds from the literature of 2005-8Provides a handy reference and a valuable tool to the working organic chemist, allowing a quick check of known organic transformationsStringent criteria for inclusion of reactions, including real synthetic utility of reactions, reagents readily available or easily prepared and handled in the laboratory

This annual review of the literature presents a comprehensive and critical survey of the vast field of study involving organophosphorus compounds, from phosphines and related P-C bonded compounds to phosphorus acids, phosphine chalcogenides and nucleotides. The Editors have added to the content with a timely chapter on the recent developments in green synthetic approaches in organophosphorus chemistry to reflect current interests in the area. With an emphasis on interdisciplinary content, this book is aimed at the worldwide organic chemistry and engineering research communities.

Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis: One Hundred Reaction Procedures provides readers with a broad overview of microwave assisted organic synthesis, enabling students and researchers alike to produce more efficient and high yield syntheses while saving time and resources. The work addresses key issues faced by chemistry laboratories in academia and in industry, including an ever increasing need for procedures which are low-waste, energy efficient, high yield, occur over a short reaction period, and use environmentally friendly solvents. All these factors play an important role in the development of "green chemistry" methods, making this book an excellent resource for any laboratory or library.
* Provides a broad overview of microwave enhanced chemistry
* Written by internationally renowned scientists
* Includes exercises and worked problems which can support more independent study

Catalysts are required for a variety of applications and researchers are increasingly challenged to find cost effective and environmentally benign catalysts to use. This volume looks at modern approaches to catalysis and reviews the extensive literature. Chapters highlight reactions active under oxidative coupling of methane conditions and how they are interlinked, heterogeneous nickel catalysts and their use in laboratory and industry, the reaction mechanism of heterogeneous catalysis with the surface science probe, the concepts of electroless deposition (ED) methods for preparation of true bimetallic catalysts, the general subject of metal-support interactions occurring over ruthenium-based catalysts and benzene as the target volatile organic compound (VOC). Appealing broadly to researchers in academia and industry, these illustrative chapters bridge the gap from academic studies in the laboratory to practical applications in industry not only for catalysis field but also for environmental protection. The book will be of great benefit to any researcher wanting a succinct reference on developments in this area now and looking to the future.

In this book, the author focuses on exploring new organocatalytic transformations under operationally simple and environmentally friendly reaction conditions. Two new types of catalytic reactions promoted by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) are described. The oxa- and azacycle-forming reactions of sulfonylalkynols and sulfonylalkynamides are broadly considered to be a new type of activation mode in NHC chemistry, wherein the bond formation with internal O- and N-nucleophiles occurs at the -position of the propargyl sulfones with 1,2-sulfonyl migration. The resulting oxa- and azacycles are core structures in many biologically significant compounds and medicinally important agents. In addition, the book develops the chiral NHC-catalyzed kinetic resolution of -hydroxy carboxylic acid derivatives based on chiral recognition of the substrate-cocatalyst complex. In this carboxylate cocatalyst-assisted chiral acylation, the reaction rate acceleration and selectivity enhancement are interpreted in terms of the reversible complexation of the substrate and carboxylate cocatalyst, which is verified by control experiments and measured using analytical methods. The findings described here reveal a promising new aspect of not only NHC catalysis but also identifying novel catalysis systems.

The first contribution summarizes current trends in research on medicinal plants in Mexico with emphasis on work carried out at the authors' laboratories. The most relevant phytochemical and pharmacological profiles of a selected group of plants used widely for treating major national health problems are described. The second contribution provides a detailed survey of the so far reported literature data on the capacities of selected oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids and polyketides to trigger receptors, enzymes, and other types of cellular factors for which they exhibit a high degree of affinity and therefore evoke specifice responses. And the third contribution discusses aspects of endophytic actinobacterial biology and chemistry, including biosynthesis and total synthesis of secondary metabolites produced in culture. It also presents perspectives fo the future of microbial biodiscovery, with emphasis on the seondary metabolism of endophytic actinobacteria.

Microencapsulations may be found in a number of fields like medicine, drug delivery, biosensing, agriculture, catalysis, intelligent microstructures and in many consumer goods. This new edition of Microencapsulation revises chapters to address the newest innovations in fields and adds three new chapters on the uses of microencapsulations in medicine, agriculture, and consumer products.

The current volume continues the tradition of the Organic Syntheses series, providing carefully checked and edited experimental procedures that describe important synthetic methods, transformations, reagents, and synthetic building blocks or intermediates with demonstrated utility in organic synthesis. These significant and interesting procedures should prove worthwhile to many synthetic chemists working in increasingly diverse areas. A trusted guide for professionals in organic and medicinal chemistry in academia, government, and industries, including pharmaceuticals, fine chemicals, agrochemicals, and biotechnological products.

"Advances in Nanoporous Materials" is a collection of comprehensive reviews of lasting value to the field. The contributions cover all aspects of nanoporous materials, including their preparation and structure, post-synthetic modification, characterization and use in catalysis, adsorption/separation, and all other fields of potential application, e.g., membranes, host/guest chemistry, environmental protection, electrochemistry, sensors, and optical devices.

"Nanoporous materials" comprise all kinds of porous solids that possess pores in the range from about 0.2 nm up to 50 nm, irrespective of their chemical composition, their origin (natural or synthetic), and their amorphous or crystalline nature. Typical examples are zeolites and zeolite-like materials (e.g., crystalline microporous aluminophosphates and their derivatives), mesoporous oxides such as silica, metal organic frameworks, pillared clays, porous carbons, and related materials.

State-of-the-art reviews keep coverage current

Broad scope provides a full topical overview

Contributions from renowned experts lend authority to the material