The 1932 election of Franklin Delano Roosevelt seemed to hold the promise of Democratic domination for years to come. However, leading up to the 1936 election, persistent economic problems, a controversial domestic agenda, and the perception of a weak foreign policy were chipping away at public support. The president faced unrelenting criticism from both the Left and the Right, and it seemed unlikely that he would cruise to the same clear victory he enjoyed in 1932. But 1936 was yet another landslide win for FDR, which makes it easy to forget just how contested the campaign was. In Voting Deliberatively, Mary Stuckey examines little-discussed components of FDR's 1936 campaign that aided his victory. She reveals four elements of this reelection campaign that have not received adequate attention: the creation of public opinion, the attention paid to local organizations, the focus on specific kinds of interests, and the public rhetoric that tied it all together. Previous studies of the 1936 presidential election discuss elements such as FDR's vulnerability before the campaign and the weakness of Republican candidate Alf Landon. But these histories pay little attention to the quantity and quality of information Roosevelt acquired, the importance of organizations such as the Good Neighbor League and the Committee of One, the mobilization of the vote, and the ways in which these organizational strategies fused with Roosevelt's rhetorical strategies. Stuckey shows how these facets combined in one of the largest victories in Electoral College history and provided a template for future victory.

This book investigates the process of characterisation of secondary figures in Joyce's Ulysses. Drawing on theories from stylistics, pragmatics and narratology, this study explores the linguistic/literary interface of Joyce's novel focusing on the author's orchestration of different textual cues for presenting secondary characters as miniature examples of human complexity. Although grounded on solid theoretical bases and supported by sound methodological suggestions, this work provides the reader with a number of practical examples of character analysis which can be applied to any work of prose fiction. The characters selected for analysis are Buck Mulligan, Simon Dedalus, Mrs Breen and Milly Bloom. The thorough account of their textual characterisation uncovers the colourful individualities of Joyce's minor figures and reveals their intriguing potential for the contemporary reader.

The book is one of the few in-depth investigations into the nature of EU legal translation and its impact on national legal languages. It is also the first attempt to characterise EU Polish, a language of supranational law and a hybrid variant of legal Polish emerging via translation. The book applies Chesterman's concept of textual fit, that is how translations differ from non-translations, to demonstrate empirically on large corpora how the Polish eurolect departs from the conventions of legal and general Polish both at the macrostructural and the microstructural level. The findings are juxtaposed with the pre-accession version of Polish law to track the "Europeanisation" of legal Polish - recent changes brought about by the unprecedented inflow of EU translations.

This book is a collection of articles covering the theme of interaction. Interaction combines two crucial elements: the intrapersonal and the interpersonal. Accordingly, the authors approach this issue from two complementary perspectives: from the internal and external or cognitive and social perspective. The papers that take the former perspective focus on cognitive bases of interaction, on the representation of motion, on metaphor and metonymy, or gestures, perception and cognition. The topic that dominates the papers that take the social stance towards the topic of interaction is identity. By applying a variety of new analytical tools and concepts, the authors show how we build images of ourselves through language, how society and institutions mould us into different categories, and how we negotiate our membership of these categories.

This book is a user-friendly language guide for basic spoken Japanese.
More than a phrase book, "Conversational Japanese" provides basic material for practical day-to-day communication. Through hundreds of example sentences and dialogs, as well as thorough explanations of the customs involved, learners will know what to say and do when: Meeting new people. Reserving a hotel room. Buying a train ticket. Offering a gift. Writing email, business letters, cards and thank-you notes.This book is about communication. As we all know communication is more than just language. Our body language is just as important, as we all brng a host of personal and cultural baggage to each conversation we have. To communicate successfully in another culture and speak Japanese we need more than the bare bones of the language. We need to understand the given norms of that society, how people interact, how things work, what the system is, how to navigate and manipulate those systems--in short, how to use the language in context. This book aims to prepare you for situations you are likely to find yourself in if you go to Japan to visit or to work. Every chapter starts with a short introduction giving background knowledge for that topic; then there are dialogues based on real-life situations which give you you the words and phrases you need to manage a wide range of daily tasks from getting on with the neighbors, to buying a phone, shopping on the internet, sightseeing, visiting clients or giving a speech.
This is not a programmed language course; rather it is aimed at people who have taken such a course or have otherwise mastered the basics of the language, though even beginners picking up this book will gain confidence and proficiency in interacting with the Japanese in many ordinary situations. This book fills a gap, is interesting and fun to read, and serves as a stimulus to further study. The Japanese language is kept simple and clear and strikes a balance between Japanese textbook language and colloquial Japanese language. Real life Japanese conversations are untidy and elliptical. Unlike most language books, "Conversational Japanese" does not restrict the use of kanji ("Chinese characters"), and the sentences are written in the usual Japanese combination of kana ("hiragana" and "katakana") and kanji. Since learning kanji is a difficult task, "Conversational Japanese" includes romanji (Romanized Japanese) for each word or phrase. As you progress, using kanji and kana will become easier to remember and you should be able to pick up new kanji over time. Soon you your abilities to speak Japanese, comprehend Japanese, read Japanese and write Japanese will be improved.

All human activity takes place in space and time in one way or another, which is consequently reflected in our language. We not only talk about space and time but also cannot but ground our linguistic activity in space and time. Furthermore, space and time are closely, although asymmetrically, related in our experience and we often think and talk about one in terms of the other. Specifically, time is conceived in terms of space far more frequently than vice versa. The volume contains a selection of essays that are revised versions of papers presented at the 23rd annual conference of the Croatian Applied Linguistics Society (CALS), entitled "Space and Time in Language: Language in Space and Time", which took place from 21 to 23 May 2009 in Osijek (Croatia).

The main focus of this volume is on urbanity as a discursive way of human life in the city. Discourse is specified here in terms of semiotic codes and processes that link city dwellers as communicating selves into interpersonal and intersubjective collectivities when they create and interpret similar meanings embodied in material bearers. Accordingly, the unfolding of the semiotic web is understood, firstly, as detecting and evaluating the growth and manifestation of the sphere of meaning-bearers or a sequence of meaning-bearing events, and secondly, as identifying and explaining the constituents and aspects of discourse in the light of signs and/or sign-processes that aggregate individual participants of communication into discursive linkages on a lower level and discursive communities – on a higher level of social grouping. Some contributions deal with the discursive properties of human individuals in urban environments, and some others are devoted either to the meta-discourses on the city or discourses in the city.

This book is about the integration into English of the five nominal suffixes -ment, -ance, -ation, -age and -al, which entered Middle English via borrowings from French, and which now form abstract nouns by attaching themselves to various base categories, as in cord/cordage or adjust/adjustment. The possibility is considered that each suffix might individually affect the general semantic profile of nouns which it forms. A sample of first attributions from the Middle English Dictionary is analysed for each suffix, in order to examine biases in suffixes towards certain semantic areas. It is argued that such biases exist both in real-world semantics, such as the choice of bases with moral or practical meanings, and in distinct aspects of the shared core meaning of action or collectivity expressed by the derived deverbal or denominal nouns. The results for the ME database are then compared with the use of words in the same suffixes across a selection of works from Shakespeare. In this way it can be shown how such tendencies may persist or change over time.

This volume investigates to what extent existing approaches to pragmatics and discourse shed light on how the form of a text creates stylistic effects. Taking a cross-cultural perspective, this book focuses on five key stylistic features of writing - paragraph structure, length and construction of sentences, organisation of information in sentences, relative formality of vocabulary, amount of nominalisation - widely seen as partly responsible for the different impressions created by academic writing in English and Italian. The author develops a theoretical framework for the investigation of intuitions about stylistic differences from a contrastive point of view. To this end, the book gives an overview of recent scholarly approaches to writing and reading, genre studies, contrastive rhetoric and the notions of style and stylistics, together with an assessment of several individual approaches.

The articles in this volume were originally presented in spring 2009 at an international conference hosted by the Institute of Germanic and Romance Languages and Cultures at Tallinn University in Estonia. The theme of "crossing boundaries" is reflected in the rich mix of genres, cultures, applications, and critical theories considered here. Indeed, these articles demonstrate that crossing boundaries can be a companionable journey as well an intellectually enriching experience.

This edited collection investigates historical linguistic politeness and impoliteness. Although some research has been undertaken uniting politeness and historical pragmatics, it has been sporadic at best, and often limited to traditional theoretical approaches. This is a strange state of affairs, because politeness plays a central role in the social dynamics of language. This collection, containing contributions from renowned experts, aims to fill this hiatus, bringing together cutting-edge research. Not only does it illuminate the language usage of earlier periods, but by examining the past it places politeness today in context. Such a diachronic perspective also affords a further test-bed for current models of politeness. This volume provides insights into historical aspects of language, particularly items regularly deployed for politeness functions, and the social, particularly interpersonal, contexts with which it interacts. It also sheds light on how (social) meanings are dynamically constructed in situ, and probes various theoretical aspects of politeness. Its papers deploy a range of multilingual (e.g. English, Spanish, Italian and Chinese) diachronic data drawn from different genres such as letters, dramas, witch trials and manners books.

This book received the Enrique Alcaraz research award in 2010. This volume derives from the COMINTER-SIMULNEG research project which aims at designing a pragmatic model for the analysis of intercultural communication between Spaniards and Britons, as well as developing a teaching methodology for cultural awareness based on computer simulation of real business settings. Contributions to this volume focus on three main issues: (a) explaining intercultural communication; (b) research on intercultural business communication; (c) the use of simulation and gaming methodology for the acquisition of communicative and cross-cultural competence in business settings. This book adopts an interdisciplinary approach to the study and practice of intercultural business communication, borrowing concepts from social anthropology, social cognition, cognitive linguistics, and intercultural pragmatics.

Text is a linguistic unit of communication in which linguistically expressed conceptual units are connected in different conceptual structures. The conceptual construal of things, events and relations is structured on the basis of a variety of cognitive and communicational options. These choices form discourse schemas, partly in a culturespecific way. There is a dynamic relationship between schema and instantiation. The volume approaches these questions from a functional perspective, where the processual nature of discourse is as important as its structural character. The volume has two parts: the first one presents theoretical papers, the second deals with certain discourse types, and some linguistic features that characterize specific discourse types.

The newly revised Le Francais: Depart-Arrivee, Fourth Edition, is a complete introductory and early intermediate program that teaches the basic structures and vocabulary of French language and culture, including colloquial French expressions and gestures. Derived from the internationally recognized Dartmouth College language program, whose approach has been reworked and adapted into a comprehensive text, this updated edition is further enhanced by new photos. The adventures of three American students living with French families are described in three levels through "scenarios" or dialogues: the first tells the story in simple terms; the second adds more vocabulary and grammar; the third represents the kind of normal, flowing prose one encounters in reading. The scenarios invite dramatic action and a variety of applications. The lessons are rounded out with a wide range of challenging, student-oriented exercises that help learners apply the core materials to new contexts and their own lives.
The Fourth Edition is designed to give both instructor and student maximum flexibility in completing a thoroughly tested approach to learning French in either a traditional or accelerated course, both for new students of French and as a review for early-intermediate-level students. This new edition is meant to facilitate a contextualized, communicative approach to the study of the French language. It has been class-tested for raising students to an intermediate-high level of oral proficiency in a traditional or accelerated course, or to the advanced level in an immersion environment. To expand possibilities in communicative and cultural competency, the instructor can select from a variety of new presentations and activities while maintaining the integrity of each lesson.
The Fourth Edition will continue to serve traditional and accelerated language programs both in two- and four-year colleges and universities, and in two-year high school language programs. It can easily be adapted to either the semester or the quarter system and will be complemented by workbook and audio materials.
Le Francais - Instructor's Manual and Audioscript is available to teachers.

This entertaining and innovative book focuses on vocal performance styles that developed in tandem with the sound technologies of the phonograph, radio, and sound film. Writing in a clear and lively style, Jacob Smith looks at these media technologies and industries through the lens of performance, bringing to light a fascinating nexus of performer, technology, and audience. Combining theories of film sound, cultural histories of sound technologies and industries, and theories of performance, Smith convincingly connects disparate and largely neglected performance niches to explore the development of a modern vocal performance. "Vocal Tracks: Performance and Sound Media "demonstrates the voice to be a vehicle of performance, identity, and culture and illustrates both the interconnection of all these categories and their relation to the media technologies of the past century.

Frankfurt/M., Berlin, Bern, Bruxelles, New York, Oxford, Wien, 2002. 187 S., 7 Abb. Leipziger Skripten. Einfuhrungs- und Ubungsbucher. Bd. 2 Herausgegeben von Irmhild Barz, Ulla Fix und Marianne Schroder Mit diesem Arbeitsbuch wird die Reihe der Leipziger Skripten aus dem Institut fur Germanistik fortgesetzt, in der als erster Band « Textlinguistik und Stilistik fur Einsteiger erschienen ist. Der vorliegende Band ist als Arbeits-und Ubungsbuch konzipiert. Er bietet eine Vielzahl von Aufgaben zur Wortbildung des Deutschen fur die Arbeit in Lehrveranstaltungen und fur das Selbststudium. Kapitel 1 enthalt Aufgaben zur Identifizierung und Modellierung von Wortbildungen der Hauptwortarten, Kapitel 2 zu den vielfaltigen Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Wortbildung einerseits und Grammatik, Lexikologie, Textlinguistik, Stilistik, Orthographie und Lexikographie andererseits sowie einen Abschnitt zur historischen Wortbildung. Kapitel 3 bietet Losungen zu den Aufgaben. Knappe Einfuhrungen zu den Ubungsschwerpunkten, ein Glossar mit den wichtigsten Termini und ein Sachregister ermoglichen ein effektives Arbeiten. Aus dem Inhalt: Aufgaben und Losungen - Identifizierung und Modellierung von Wortbildungen - Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Wortbildung und Grammatik, Lexikologie, Textlinguistik, Stilistik, Orthographie, Lexikographie - Historische Wortbildung.

This book begins the Spoken Standard Chinese series, which emphasizes natural dialogue and familiarity with a modern, adult vocabulary. Book One uses pinyin romanization and no Chinese characters. An accompanying audio program is available.

One of the biggest hurdles to mastering a second language is learning how to speak naturally. Here is a humorous, one-of-a-kind program that teaches readers how to carry a conversation without sounding stilted or awkward. Spanish Among Amigosallows language learners to eavesdrop on two native speakers and their befuddled English-speaking friend Tom. As they talk about a host of topics, the reader becomes accustomed to conversing naturally in Spanish.

Each of the books 21 units of dialogue includes:

• A multiple-choice comprehension check
  
• A vocabulary quiz
  
• Hints on grammar and usage