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Books > Philosophy > Western philosophy > Modern Western philosophy, c 1600 to the present > Western philosophy, from c 1900 - > General
Sartwell presents an extreme and provocative philosophy of life. He
explores what happens if we love this world precisely as it is,
with all of its pain, with all of its evil, with all of its bizarre
and arbitrary and monstrous thereness. In a highly personal and
brutally direct style, Sartwell explores the themes of
transgressive sexuality, political anarchism, addiction, death, and
embodiment. The author engages contemporary and historical debates
in cultural criticism, metaphysics, ethics, and political
philosophy, and expresses deep suspicions about them. He asserts
that scientific philosophical conceptualization is a movement
toward death, a rejection of reality. Moral and political values -
the ethical rejection of the particular precisely from within the
particular - are, Sartwell claims, an assault on human
authenticity. Thus, transgression - which is described as the
affirmation of embodiment through obscenity - is something we
radically require.
Wittgenstein's work, early and later, contains the seeds of an
original and important rethinking of moral or ethical thought that
has, so far, yet to be fully appreciated. The ten essays in this
collection, all specially commissioned for this volume, are united
in the claim that Wittgenstein's thought has much to contribute to
our understanding of this fundamental area of philosophy and of our
lives. They take up a variety of different perspectives on this
aspect of Wittgenstein's work, and explore the significance of
Wittgenstein's moral thought throughout his work, from the
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, and Wittgenstein's startling claim
there that there can be no ethical propositions, to the
Philosophical Investigations.
Nearly all philosophers refer to Kant when debating the concept of
dignity, and many approve of Kant's conception, unaware of the
tensions between Kant's conception and the modern idea of dignity
intimately connected to the idea of human rights. What exactly is
Kant's conception of dignity? Is there a connecting tie between
dignity and the legal sphere of human rights at all? Does Kant's
concept refer to a superior status human beings seem to own in
comparison to non-rational beings? Or does it refer to an absolute
value? The contributions of this volume are organised in five
broader topics. In the first section tensions within the Kantian
conception of dignity are discussed (C. Horn, D. Birnbacher, G.
Schoenrich). The second group of articles illuminates the intimate
connections between dignity and human rights (R. Mosayebi, M.
Kettner). The third group discusses the prevailing moral conception
of dignity (S. Yamatsuta, S. Shell, O. Sensen). The fourth group
focuses on the relation of dignity and end in itself (T. Hill, D.
Sturma, A. Wood). The central theme of the fifth group of
contributions are the social, political, and cultural dimensions of
dignity (Y. Kato, K. Ameriks, K. Flikschuh, T. Saito).
Cassirer's thought-provoking essay Form and Technology (1930)
considers the theoretical work performed by material instruments
and, in so doing, it ascribes to technology a new dignity as a
genuine tool of the mind in equal company with language and art.
Germinating in this essay, we find an ambitious program for a new
kind of philosophy of technology that resonates with contemporary
approaches focusing on material apparatuses, relational and
performative processes, and the embodied, embedded, and enacted
nature of perception and cognition. Cassirer's approach, however,
is unique in the way that it integrates logical concerns,
championed by scientifically oriented philosophers, with the
concerns of the historical and cultural sciences. The current
revival of interest in Cassirer's thinking has precisely to do with
its potential for bridging unproductive intellectual gaps. Form and
Technology, especially, provides a rich resource for current
attempts, across disciplines, to develop new conceptual and
ontological frameworks. Cassirer's classic essay, translated here
into English for the first time, is accompanied by ten critical
essays that explore its current relevance.
The main purpose of the present volume is to advance our
understanding of the notions of knowledge and context, the
connections between them and the ways in which they can be modeled,
in particular formalized a question of prime importance and utmost
relevance to such diverse disciplines as philosophy, linguistics,
computer science and artificial intelligence and cognitive
science.
Bringing together essays written by world-leading experts and
emerging researchers in epistemology, logic, philosophy of
language, linguistics and theoretical computer science, the book
examines the formal modeling of knowledge and the knowledge-context
link at one or more of three intersections - context and
epistemology, epistemology and formalism, formalism and context and
presents a novel range of approaches to the current discussions
that the connections between knowledge, language, action, reasoning
and context continually enlivens. It develops powerful ideas that
will push the relevant fields forward and give a sense of the new
directions in which mainstream and formal research on knowledge and
context is heading."
IF WITI'GENSTEIN COULD TALK, COULD WE UNDERSTAND HIM? Perusing the
secondary literature on Wittgenstein, I have frequently experienced
a perfect Brechtean Entfremdungseffekt. This is interesting, I have
felt like saying when reading books and papers on Wittgenstein, but
who is the writer talking about? Certainly not Ludwig Wittgenstein
the actual person who wrote his books and notebooks and whom I
happened to meet. Why is there this strange gap between the ideas
of the actual philosopher and the musings of his interpreters?
Wittgenstein is talking to us through the posthumous publication of
his writings. Why don't philosophers understand what he is saying?
A partial reason is outlined in the first essay of this volume.
Wittgenstein was far too impatient to explain in his books and book
drafts what his problems were, what it was that he was trying to
get clear about. He was even too impatient to explain in full his
earlier solutions, often merely referring to them casually as it
were in a shorthand notation. For one important instance, in The
Brown Book, Wittgenstein had explained in some detail what
name-object relationships amount to in his view. There he offers
both an explanation of what his problem is and an account of his
own view illustrated by means of specific examples of
language-games. But when he raises the same question again in
Philosophical Investigations I, sec.
This is an original examination of the philosophy of Paul Ricoeur,
focusing on his specific concept of interpretation. "Ricoeur,
Hermeneutics and Globalization" explores the philosophical
resources provided by Paul Ricoeur's hermeneutics in dealing with
the challenges of a world framed by globalization. Bengt
Kristensson Uggla's reflections start from an understanding of
globalization as an 'age of hermeneutics', linking the seldom
related problematic of globalization with hermeneutics through
Ricoeur's concept of interpretation. The book proceeds to embrace
lifelong, learning as the emerging new life script of the
globalized knowledge economy, the post-national 'memory wars'
generated by the celebration of national anniversaries, and the
need for orientation in a post-modern world order. The author
argues that Ricoeur's hermeneutics provide intellectual resources
of extraordinary importance in coping with some of the most
important challenges in the contemporary world. "Continuum Studies
in Continental Philosophy" presents cutting-edge scholarship in the
field of modern European thought. The wholly original arguments,
perspectives and research findings in titles in this series make it
an important and stimulating resource for students and academics
from across the discipline.
Contemporary interest in realism and naturalism, emerging under the
banner of speculative or new realism, has prompted
continentally-trained philosophers to consider a number of texts
from the canon of analytic philosophy. The philosophy of Wilfrid
Sellars, in particular, has proven remarkably able to offer a
contemporary re-formulation of traditional "continental" concerns
that is amenable to realist and rationalist considerations, and
serves as an accessible entry point into the Anglo-American
tradition for continental philosophers. With the aim of appraising
this fertile theoretical convergence, this volume brings together
experts of both analytic and continental philosophy to discuss the
legacy of Kantianism in contemporary philosophy. The individual
essays explore the ways in which Sellars can be put into dialogue
with the widely influential work of Quentin Meillassoux, explaining
how-even though their methods, language, and proximal influences
are widely different-their philosophical stances can be compared
thanks to their shared Kantian heritage and interest in the problem
of realism. This book will be appeal to students and scholars who
are interested in Sellars, Meillassoux, contemporary realist
movements in continental philosophy, and the analytic-continental
debate in contemporary philosophy.
"Schizoanalytic Cartographies" represents Felix Guattari's most
important later work and the most systematic and detailed account
of his theoretical position and his therapeutic ideas. Guattari
sets out to provide a complete account of the conditions of
'enunciation' - autonomous speech and self-expression - for
subjects in the contemporary world. Over the course of eight
closely argued chapters, he presents a breathtakingly new
reformulation of the structures of individual and collective
subjectivity. Based on research into information theory and new
technologies, Guattari articulates a vision of a humanity finally
reconciled with its relationship to machines. "Schizoanalytic
Cartographies" is a visionary yet highly concrete work, providing a
powerful vantage point on the upheavals of our present epoch,
powerfully imagining a future 'post-media' era of technological
development. This long overdue translation of this substantial work
offers English-speaking readers the opportunity finally to fully
assess Guattari's contribution to European thought.
There have been many voices in disciplines as various as
philosophy, history, psychology, hermeneutics, literary theory, and
theology that have claimed that narrative is fundamental to all
that is human. Here is a book that in an engaging and amusing way
presents a coherent thesis to that effect, connecting the Joke and
the Story (with all that comedy and tragedy imply) not only with
our sensing and perceiving of the world, but with our faith in each
other, and what the character of that faith should be.
Friedrich Waismann (1896-1959) was one of the most gifted students
and collaborators of Moritz Schlick. Accepted as a discussion
partner by Wittgenstein from 1927 on, he functioned as spokesman
for the latter's ideas in the Schlick Circle, until Wittgenstein's
contact with this most faithful interpreter was broken off in 1935
and not renewed when exile took Waismann to Cambridge. Nonetheless,
at Oxford, where he went in 1939, and eventually became Reader in
Philosophy of Mathematics (changing later to Philosophy of
Science), Waismann made important and independent contributions to
analytic philosophy and philosophy of science (for example in
relation to probability, causality and linguistic analysis). The
full extent of these only became evident later when the larger
(unpublished) part of his writings could be studied. His first
posthumous work The Principles of Linguistic Philosophy (1965, 2nd
edn.1997; German 1976) and his earlier Einfuhrung in das
mathematische Denken (1936) have recently proved of fresh interest
to the scientific community. This late flowering and new
understanding of Waismann's position is connected with the fact
that he somewhat unfairly fell under the shadow of Wittgenstein,
his mentor and predecessor. Central to this book about a life and
work familiar to few is unpublished and unknown works on causality
and probability. These are commented on in this volume, which will
also include a publication of new or previously scattered material
and an overview of Waismann's life.
Lacan's four fundamental concepts of psychoanalysis. This book
provides the first truly sustained commentary to appear in either
French or English on Lacan's most important seminar, The Four
Fundamental concepts of Psychoanalysis.
Analysis and interpretation of the philosophy of Michael Dummett
(1925).
This book, shortlisted for the British Sociological Association's
Philip Abrams Memorial Prize (2015), argues that Fromm is a vital
and largely overlooked contribution to twentieth-century
intellectual history, and one who offers a refreshingly
reconfigured form of humanism that is capable of reintegrating
explicitly humanist analytical categories and schemas back into
social theoretical (and scientific) considerations.
Dissenting Words is a lively and engaging collection of interviews
that span the length of Jacques Ranciere's trajectory, from the
critique of Althusserian Marxism and the work on proletarian
thinking in the nineteenth century to the more recent reflections
on politics and aesthetics. Across these pages, Ranciere discusses
the figures, concepts and arguments he has introduced to the
theoretical landscape over the past forty years, the themes and
concerns that have animated his thinking, the positions he has
defended and the wide range of objects and discourses that have
attracted his attention and through which his thought has unfolded:
history, pedagogy, literature, art, cinema. But more than
reflecting on the continuities, turns, ruptures and deviations in
his thought, Ranciere recasts his work in a different discursive
register. And the pleasure we experience in reading these
interviews - with their asides, displacements and reconstructions -
stems from the way Ranciere transforms the voice of the thinker
commenting on his texts and elucidating his concepts into another,
and equally rich, manifestation of his thought. Core sections of
this edition are translated from the french publication Et tant pis
pour le gens fatigues, by Jacques Ranciere, (c) Editions Amsterdam
2009, published by arrangement Agence litteraire Pierre Astier
& Associes
This volume of new essays presents groundbreaking interpretations
of some of the most central themes of Wittgenstein's philosophy. A
distinguished group of contributors demonstrates how Wittgenstein's
thought can fruitfully be applied to contemporary debates in
epistemology, metaphilosophy and philosophy of language. The volume
combines historical and systematic approaches to Wittgensteinian
methods and perspectives, with essays providing detailed analysis
that will be accessible to students as well as specialists. The
result is a rich and illuminating picture of a key figure in
twentieth-century philosophy and his continuing importance to
philosophical study.
Wittgenstein criticised prevailing attitudes toward the sciences.
The target of his criticisms was 'scientism': what he described as
'the overestimation of science'. This collection is the first study
of Wittgenstein's anti-scientism - a theme in his work that is
clearly central to his thought yet strikingly neglected by the
existing literature. The book explores the philosophical basis of
Wittgenstein's anti-scientism; how this anti-scientism helps us
understand Wittgenstein's philosophical aims; and how this
underlies his later conception of philosophy and the kind of
philosophy he attacked. An outstanding team of international
contributors articulate and critically assess Wittgenstein's views
on scientism and anti-scientism, making Wittgenstein and Scientism
essential reading for students and scholars of Wittgenstein's work,
on topics as varied as the philosophy of mind and psychology,
philosophical practice, the nature of religious belief, and the
place of science in modern culture. Contributors: Jonathan Beale,
William Child, Annalisa Coliva, David E. Cooper, Ian James Kidd,
James C. Klagge, Daniele Moyal-Sharrock, Rupert Read, Genia
Schoenbaumsfeld, Severin Schroeder, Benedict Smith, and Chon
Tejedor.
Numerous volumes have been written on the philosophy of Martin
Heidegger, and new translations of his writings appear on a regular
basis. Up to now, however, no book has addressed the connections
between Heidegger's thought and the hermeneutic methodology
involved in translating his works - or any other text. Gathering
essays by internationally recognized scholars, this volume examines
the specific synergy that holds between Heidegger's thinking and
the distinctive endeavor of translation.
"Heidegger, Translation, and the Task of Thinking: Essays in
Honor of Parvis Emad" offers scholars and students alike a rare
journey into the insights and intricacies of one of the greatest
philosophers of the twentieth century. The book also pays homage to
Parvis Emad, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at De Paul
University, founder of the journal "Heidegger Studies" and a
renowned translator of Heidegger's writings.
"Heidegger, Translation, and the Task of Thinking: Essays in
Honor of Parvis Emad" provides a uniquely focused perspective on
Heidegger's thought, and delves into the strategies and
controversies that attend all attempts to translate his most
complex and challenging texts, including his seminal works
"Contributions to Philosophy" and "Mindfulness." Accordingly, this
book will be of great interest and benefit to anyone working in the
fields of phenomenology, hermeneutics, or Heidegger studies."
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