"A Mechanical Translation of the Book of Exodus" is the second book in the Mechanical Translation of the Hebrew Bible series which literally translates the book of Exodus using the "Mechanical Translation" methodology and philosophy. This new and unique style of translation will allow a reader who has no background in Hebrew to see the text from an Hebraic perspective, without the interjection of a translator's theological opinions and bias. Because the translation method identifies the morphology of each Hebrew word it is also a tool for those who are learning to read Biblical Hebrew. Book Features: The Hebrew text of Exodus and a transliteration of the text into Roman characters. * The Mechanical Translation, which translates each Hebrew word, prefix and suffix exactly the same way it occurs in the text, and in the same word order as found in the Hebrew. * The Revised Mechanical Translation, which rearranges the words of the Mechanical Translation so that it can be understood by the average reader who does not understand Hebrew syntax. * About five hundred footnotes on the Hebrew grammar, idioms, alternate translations and meanings of specific words and phrases. * A dictionary and concordance for each word used in the Mechanical Translation. * Several appendices detailing specific word and phrase translations.

This book analyses the development of academic literacy in low-proficiency users of English in the Middle East. It highlights the challenges faced by students entering undergraduate education in the region, and the strategies used by teachers to overcome them. The author focuses on a large-scale undergraduate teacher programme run in Oman by the University of Leeds, providing clear pointers both for future research and effective practice. He also explores the implications of his findings for countries beyond the Gulf Cooperation Council, demonstrating how international participation in UK HE could be much wider. This book will appeal to students and scholars with an interest in academic literacies and English for Academic Purposes.

This book investigates the macroacquisition of Chinese - its large-scale acquisition and adoption for various purposes by individuals, governments and organisations - and the implications of this process for the future of English as a global language. The author contextualises the macroacquisition of Chinese within the global ecology of languages, then analyses the factors responsible for the macroacquisition of Chinese, showing, in contrast to most academic and popular commentary, that a character-based writing system will not stop Chinese from becoming a global language. He then articulates three possible future scenarios: English remaining a dominant global language, English and Chinese both being global languages, and Chinese becoming a global language instead of English. The book concludes by outlining directions for further research on the acquisition and use of Chinese around the world. It will be of interest to students and scholars with an interest in English as a global language, Chinese as a second/foreign language, language education policy, and applied linguistics more generally.

This book examines the role of experience-based learning on children's acquisition of language and concepts. It reviews, compares, and contrasts accounts of how the opportunity to recognize and generalize patterns influences learning. The book offers the first systematic integration of three highly influential research traditions in the domains of language and concept acquisition: Statistical Learning, Structural Alignment, and the Bayesian learning perspective. Chapters examine the parameters that constrain learning, address conditions that optimize learning, and offer explanations for cases in which implicit exemplar-based learning fails to occur. By exploring both the benefits and challenges children face as they learn from multiple examples, the book offers insight on how to better able to understand children's early unsupervised learning about language and concepts. Topics featured in this book include: Competing models of statistical learning and how learning might be constrained by infants' developing cognitive abilities. How experience with multiple exemplars helps infants understand space and other relations. The emergence of category-based inductive reasoning during infancy and early childhood. How children learn individual verbs and the verb system over time. How statistical learning leads to aggregation and abstraction in word learning. Mechanisms for evaluating others' reliability as sources of knowledge when learning new words. The Search for Invariance (SI) hypothesis and its role in facilitating causal learning. Language and Concept Acquisition from Infancy Through Childhood is an essential resource for researchers, clinicians and related professionals, and graduate students in infancy and early child development, applied linguistics, language education, child, school, and developmental psychology and related mental health and education services.

We have created a different method that introduces an easier, more efficient approach to understanding present, past, future of every verb so you will know when to use the right tense depending on the time frame used in each situation. Also, the correct pronunciation of the verb will be at the bottom of each example. The book deals with different situations and vocabulary. Questions and answers will address such situations as going to the hotel, airport, restaurant, store, pharmacy, emergency, etc. In addition numbers, greetings, months, days, seasons, time, prepositions, articles, adverbs of time and pronouns and the phonetic pronunciation are also taught.

The Indo-European Languages presents a comprehensive survey of the individual languages and language subgroups within this language family. With over four hundred languages and dialects and almost three billion native speakers, the Indo-European language family is the largest of the recognized language groups and includes most of the major current languages of Europe, the Iranian plateau and the Indian subcontinent. Written by an international team of experts, this comprehensive, single-volume tome presents in-depth discussions of the historical development and specialized linguistic features of the Indo-European languages. This unique resource remains the ideal reference for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students of Indo-European linguistics and languages, but also for more experienced researchers looking for an up-to-date survey of separate Indo-European branches. It will be of interest to researchers and anyone with an interest in historical linguistics, linguistic anthropology and language development.

The refreshed insights into early-imperial Roman historiography this book offers are linked to a recent discovery. In the spring of 2014, the binders of the archive of Robert Marichal were dusted off by the ERC funded project PLATINUM (ERC-StG 2014 n Degrees636983) in response to Tiziano Dorandi's recollections of a series of unpublished notes on Latin texts on papyrus. Among these was an in-progress edition of the Latin rolls from Herculaneum, together with Marichal's intuition that one of them had to be ascribed to a certain 'Annaeus Seneca'. PLATINUM followed the unpublished intuition by Robert Marichal as one path of investigation in its own research and work. Working on the Latin P.Herc. 1067 led to confirm Marichal's intuitions and to go beyond it: P.Herc. 1067 is the only extant direct witness to Seneca the Elder's Historiae. Bringing a new and important chapter of Latin literature arise out of a charred papyrus is significant. The present volume is made up of two complementary sections, each of which contains seven contributions. They are in close dialogue with each other, as looking at the same literary matter from several points of view yields undeniable advantages and represents an innovative and fruitful step in Latin literary criticism. These two sections express the two different but interlinked axes along which the contributions were developed. On one side, the focus is on the starting point of the debate, namely the discovery of the papyrus roll transmitting the Historiae of Seneca the Elder and how such a discovery can be integrated with prior knowledge about this historiographical work. On the other side, there is a broader view on early-imperial Roman historiography, to which the new perspectives opened by the rediscovery of Seneca the Elder's Historiae greatly contribute.

This book features an ideal linguistic and cultural preparation for anyone planning to study Spanish abroad, covering culture, society, education, young people, work and health. "Pasaporte al Mundo Hispano Segunda Edicion" is an advanced Spanish language course designed specifically to prepare students linguistically and culturally for their year abroad. The chapters and exercises build up students' linguistic competence by working with texts and voices from different parts of the Spanish speaking world, as well as developing traditional linguistic skills.The second edition of this bestselling textbook has been completely rewritten. Each chapter includes exercises based on: authentic Spanish and Latin American texts; a variety of grammatical topics; English texts for translation into Spanish; audio and video recordings of different Hispanic voices; and, a range of simulations, role plays, debates, etc.Chapters cover themes of the Hispanic World such as culture, society, education, young people, work and health. Using a variety of primary sources, "Pasaporte al Mundo Hispano Segunda Edicion" is the ideal practical textbook for advanced students of Spanish.

This book is a four-volume study on modern Chinese complex sentences, giving an overview and detailed analysis on the key attributes and three major types of this linguistic unit. Complex sentences in modern Chinese are unique in formation and meaning. The author proposes a tripartite classification of Chinese complex sentences according to the semantic relationships between the clauses, i.e., coordinate, causal, and adversative. The first volume defines Chinese complex sentences and makes detailed comparisons between the tripartite and dichotomous systems for the classification of complex sentences. It then thoroughly investigates causal complex sentences in their eight typical forms. The second volume analyses the coordinated type in the broad sense and the relevant forms, while the third focuses on adversative type, examining the major forms and implications for research and language teaching. The final volume looks into attributes of Chinese complex sentences as a whole, discussing the constituents, related sentence forms, and semantic and pragmatic relevance of complex sentences. The book will be a useful reference for scholars and learners of the Chinese language interested in Chinese grammar and language information processing.