It is generally well-established that the biomedical model is informed on the assumption that the occurrence of the disease is the result of biological molecules inside the body. This is seen in the view of the biopsychosocial model that the biomedical model is excluding the importance of psychological, social, economic, environmental, spiritual, and behavioral dimensions of the illness. It is essential to create better awareness to accelerate the use of the biopsychosocial model-focusing on the individual as a whole rather than the illness alone. Acceleration of the Biopsychosocial Model in Public Health accelerates the inclusion of the biopsychosocial model in the public health sector in order to achieve universal health coverage. It provides a better understanding of the role of various factors, such as psychological, social, emotional, economic, and behavioral, that are responsible for the development of diseases in order to develop comprehensive prevention and intervention measures. Covering topics such as psychological well-being, public health awareness, and system dynamics, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for public health officials, health therapists, health educators, health psychologists, occupational therapists, palliative care providers, community healthcare providers, hospital administrators, health professionals, medical students, medical libraries, researchers, and academicians.

This Handbook features the best teaching practices in the Health Economics (HE) field over the past decade. HE is still considered a relatively new field in the world of economics. While most academic programs leading to HE specializations are housed in economics departments, many courses often reside elsewhere: in schools of public health, health professions, health sciences, nursing, pharmacy, business, or public/health administration. Teaching in these diverse, specialized curricula requires a customized subset of methods and materials developed for both the instructors and the students. The editors have sought to expand applicability beyond North America and Western Europe, and to address issues in both less developed health economies and more advanced ones. The chapters herein present new and innovative teaching methods. Instructors with or without professional training in HE will welcome the featured practical applications that encompass HE courses taught in various economics and non-economics undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs.

Lean thinking involves more than just eliminating waste; through its five guiding principles-value, value chain, continuous flow, pull production, and perfection-its successful applications are commonly found in the manufacturing sector. Although its application and benefits to companies is no longer contested, it is rare to find works that consolidate applications of lean thinking in sectors that are unconventional, such as healthcare and government. Cases on Lean Thinking Applications in Unconventional Systems allows readers to broaden their view on lean thinking applications and visualize insights for research. It presents case studies and applications of lean thinking within several different industries. Covering topics such as emergency care units, standardized work, and national humanization policy, this case book is an essential resource for engineers, hospital administrators, healthcare professionals, IT managers, government officials, students and faculty of higher education, researchers, and academicians.

While the genesis of the Certified Child Life Specialists (CCLS) is in the healthcare setting, the theory and practice of child life has been successfully applied to environments outside of the healthcare field. The interest and pursuit of child life roles in non-healthcare settings have increasingly become of interest to students and professionals; however, further study is required to understand the various challenges and opportunities. The Role of Child Life Specialists in Community Settings serves as an innovative guide for those interested in pursuing child life in diverse settings with the education and credentials received through their child life certification and addresses issues the field currently faces related to saturation of the field, burn out, and diversity, equity, and inclusion. The book also serves as a catalyst to push the profession as a whole beyond its current healthcare boundaries. Covering topics such as grief, addiction, disaster relief, and family wellbeing, this major reference work is ideal for psychologists, medical professionals, nurses, policymakers, government officials, researchers, scholars, academicians, practitioners, instructors, and students.

A New York Times bestseller and international sensation, this “stimulating and important book” (Financial Times) is a fascinating dive into the purpose and power of slumber.

With two appearances on CBS This Morning and Fresh Air's most popular interview of 2017, Matthew Walker has made abundantly clear that sleep is one of the most important but least understood aspects of our life. Until very recently, science had no answer to the question of why we sleep, or what good it served, or why we suffer such devastating health consequences when it is absent. Compared to the other basic drives in life—eating, drinking, and reproducing—the purpose of sleep remains more elusive.

Within the brain, sleep enriches a diversity of functions, including our ability to learn, memorize, and make logical decisions. It recalibrates our emotions, restocks our immune system, fine-tunes our metabolism, and regulates our appetite. Dreaming creates a virtual reality space in which the brain melds past and present knowledge, inspiring creativity.

In this “compelling and utterly convincing” (The Sunday Times) book, preeminent neuroscientist and sleep expert Matthew Walker provides a revolutionary exploration of sleep, examining how it affects every aspect of our physical and mental well-being. Charting the most cutting-edge scientific breakthroughs, and marshalling his decades of research and clinical practice, Walker explains how we can harness sleep to improve learning, mood and energy levels, regulate hormones, prevent cancer, Alzheimer’s and diabetes, slow the effects of aging, and increase longevity. He also provides actionable steps towards getting a better night’s sleep every night.

Clear-eyed, fascinating, and accessible, Why We Sleep is a crucial and illuminating book. Written with the precision of Atul Gawande, Andrew Solomon, and Sherwin Nuland, it is “recommended for night-table reading in the most pragmatic sense” (The New York Times Book Review).

A practical guide for primary health care personnel in the clinical and supportive care of people with HIV/AIDS. This book is a user-friendly, practical guide for medical personnel who treat, care for, or support people with HIV/AIDS at the primary care level. This updated edition addresses many areas including TB, STDs, HIV testing, counselling, treatment, education terminal care, specific needs of women and children, mother to child transmission and risk and injury to health care personnel. Illustrations are used throughout the book to promote a caring, accepting attidue to AIDS. In addition to doctors and primary care nurses, this book is also useful for counsellors, social workers, psychologists, alternative health care professionals and therapists. It also serves as a useful reference guide in clinics and in the training of personnel.

The medical domain is home to many critical challenges that stand to be overcome with the use of data-driven clinical decision support systems (CDSS), and there is a growing set of examples of automated diagnosis, prognosis, drug design, and testing. However, the current state of AI in medicine has been summarized as "high on promise and relatively low on data and proof." If such problems can be addressed, a data-driven approach will be very important to the future of CDSSs as it simplifies the knowledge acquisition and maintenance process, a process that is time-consuming and requires considerable human effort. Diverse Perspectives and State-of-the-Art Approaches to the Utilization of Data-Driven Clinical Decision Support Systems critically reflects on the challenges that data-driven CDSSs must address to become mainstream healthcare systems rather than a small set of exemplars of what might be possible. It further identifies evidence-based, successful data-driven CDSSs. Covering topics such as automated planning, diagnostic systems, and explainable artificial intelligence, this premier reference source is an excellent resource for medical professionals, healthcare administrators, IT managers, pharmacists, students and faculty of higher education, librarians, researchers, and academicians.

Instructional technologies used to be optional and supplemental pedagogical tools until the global health crisis of 2020 compelled education systems to rely on digital devices and services to guarantee academic continuity. Suddenly, the contemporary principles and practices utilized in delivering health education curricula were insufficient and ineffective. Acknowledging the vital role of technology in shaping the future of education, there is now a greater demand to foster innovative interventions and continuous improvement in strategies, methodologies, and systems to empower learners, educators, and leaders in the digital age. Instructional Technologies in Health Education and Allied Disciplines provides comprehensive coverage of innovative methods and strategies to produce the next generation of health professionals. The book lays the groundwork for an implementable teaching and learning model that facilitates basic knowledge acquisition, enhances perceptual variation, improves skill coordination, and develops a scientific and technological mindset. Covering key topics such as gamification, telehealth, and robotics, this reference work is ideal for healthcare professionals, nurses, administrators, researchers, academicians, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students.

There is significant debate regarding the quality of the national health system of the United States relative to those of other countries. The U.S. healthcare system has been heavily criticized as a highly inefficient, disorganized, fragmented, and under-resourced primary care system that contributes to high healthcare costs, high rates of uninsured individuals, and a number of health problems in comparison to the situation in other Western nations. Further, the United States is currently the only wealthy industrialized country that has not achieved universal health coverage. Together, these reasons help explain why important health indicators have been deteriorating recently. Assessing the Need for a Comprehensive National Health System in the United States seeks to thoroughly examine several key aspects related to the U.S. health system and presents different perspectives, provides facts and data-based assessment, and offers alternative strategies, policies, and realistic options towards a better and healthier U.S. society. Covering key topics such as telehealth, social justice, and healthcare workers, this reference work is ideal for health professionals, nurses, government officials, policymakers, researchers, scholars, practitioners, instructors, and students.

Providing an integrated and multi-level analysis of the impacts of COVID-19 on people, place, economies and policies, across the globe, this timely book explores how the global response to the COVID-19 pandemic combines failure with success. It focuses on exploring rapid adaptation and improvisation by individuals, organisations and governments as they attempted to minimise and mitigate the socio-economic and health impacts of the pandemic. Interdisciplinary chapters written by social policy, geography, planning, policy, sociology and public health experts explore the broader impacts of COVID-19, positioning the pandemic in the context of wider trends and risks including climate change. Chapters highlight the importance of place and local contexts in understanding its impacts in different settings including Europe, Canada, North America, South Korea, South Africa and Lebanon. In doing so, the book develops a pandemic preparedness, responsiveness and recovery research framework and intends to inform post-pandemic policy development and research. This is an important book for geography, social policy, politics, urban studies, planning and business and management researchers and students, particularly those focusing on crisis management and risk and resilience. With key case studies from across the globe, it will help elucidate key issues for policy makers and practitioners across a range of sectors including strategic management, social policy, public health and the built environment.

In healthcare, a digital twin is a digital representation of a patient or healthcare system using integrated simulations and service data. The digital twin tracks a patient's records, crosschecks them against registered patterns and analyses any diseases or contra indications. The digital twin uses adaptive analytics and algorithms to produce accurate prognoses and suggest appropriate interventions. A digital twin can run various medical scenarios before treatment is initiated on the patient, thus increasing patient safety as well as providing the most appropriate treatments to meet the patient's requirements. Digital Twin Technologies for Healthcare 4.0 discusses how the concept of the digital twin can be merged with other technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), big data analytics, IoT and cloud data management, for the improvement of healthcare systems and processes. The book also focuses on the various research perspectives and challenges in implementation of digital twin technology in terms of data analysis, cloud management and data privacy issues. With chapters on visualisation techniques, prognostics and health management, this book is a must-have for researchers, engineers and IT professionals in healthcare as well as those involved in using digital twin technology, AI, IoT & big data analytics for novel applications.

This book is comprised of enhanced, expanded, and updated versions of articles previously published in the the International Journal of Public and Private Perspectives on Healthcare, Culture, and the Environment (IJPPPHCE). The chapters will highlight critical trends focusing on the relationship between the public sphere, private sector, medicine, environmental health and wellbeing, and society. It covers critical topics such as environmental sustainability, ethics and medicine, healthcare and administration, corporate social responsibility, pollution and waste management, and related topics, and how the public sector and private industries contribute to these factors. This book will be interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary in its nature, as it is intended for a broad audience with interests in Healthcare, Culture, or the Environment or specifically professionals, policy makers, researchers, and graduate-level students in the fields of sociology, environmental science, public policy, healthcare administration, and business.

Discussing the Spanish Flu, HIV/AIDs, SARS and Ebola against the background of Covid-19, Pandemic Economics demonstrates how scientists consistently warned the world about pandemics, and how, despite this, the possibility of global lockdown caused unprecedented economic policies and ruin. The book prepares for the next pandemic, that unquestionably will arrive, the impact of which is predicted to potentially exceed that of the current Covid-19 wreckage. Highlighting how economic theory can anticipate a pandemic's impact despite the uncertainty and unreliability of traditional statistics, Peter van Bergeijk assesses the lack of preparation by international economic institutions and the ability for humanity to deeply hurt the economy by its response to infectious disease. Chapters offer an overview and critical analysis of global non-pharmaceutical interventions and economic policies in response to the Covid-19 pandemic. Looking forward, the book investigates the economic impact, policy (in)effectiveness and resilience in different social contexts, illustrating a pandemic trilemma of health, freedom and the economy. It suggests how to prepare for the next pandemic at the individual level, in city planning, nationally, internationally and globally, with a focus on analysing the impact of pandemics from a global perspective. Pandemic Economics will be a stimulating read for (health) economics and development studies scholars as it provides a historic overview of the uneven impact of pandemics, with up to date studies of the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic. The forward-looking suggestions for economic policies and preparations for future pandemics will also make this an important read for economic and health policy makers.

The COVID-19 Pandemic will likely be seen as having had a profound effect on how we live and work, as well its economic and health repercussions. But it also brought ethical issues and challenges into focus, from 'Fake News' to issues of individual freedom. The COVID-19 Pandemic: Ethical Challenges and Considerations addresses issues including the right to vaccinate, and the right to refuse vaccination; the responsibilities of government in a pandemic; the individual or collective locus of moral agency; the moral responsibility of the media in a pandemic; the ethical, moral and practical lessons from COVID 19. This is a companion book to Ethical Implications of COVID-19 Management: Evaluating the Aftershock, also published by Ethics International Press (ISBN: 978-1-80441-080-6.