In the wake of an acrimonious debate on big dams, the World Bank brokered a global agreement on financing as well as on the sharing of the rewards and risks of the controversial Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project in Lao PDR. Through this process, it prepared the project for the country and the country for the project. This book describes how skillful management, effective communications, and technical expertise helped to reach consensus and nurtured private-public partnerships, engaged stakeholders, strengthened the country's development framework and poverty reduction efforts, and addressed the project's environmental and social impacts.

This is not an ordinary book on rainfall and runoff. All the general and working formulas in this book are theoretically derived. The formulas are therefore globally and eternally applicable, as long as the situations under consideration are within the assumptions and limitations of the theory. This epitomises the powerful nature of the physically-based approach in hydrology. This book covers formulas for flow depth; flow velocity; average flow velocity; wave celerity; average wave celerity; time of concentration; rising, equilibrium and falling phases of a hydrograph; forward characteristic; rising, equilibrium and falling phases of water surface profiles; duration of partial equilibrium discharge; and equilibrium detention storage for flow on an overland plane, and flow in nine different channel shapes, which are (i) circular, (ii) parabolic, (iii) rectangular (deep), (iv) rectangular (square), (v) rectangular (wide), (vi) trapezoidal with equal side slopes, (vii) trapezoidal with one side vertical, (viii) triangular, and (ix) vertical curb.

This paper considers the multi-faceted lessons of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project and how the project can serve as a model of mutually beneficial development, though demonstrating the benefits of a bilateral governmental cooperative approach in the development of an international river. These benefits include exceeding the impact of individual national approaches and strengthening political cooperation among all participants. This model is particularly relevant since approximately 40 percent of the world s population lives in transboundary river basins and more than 90 percent of the world s population lives within countries that share these basins."

Sedimentation Engineering: Theories, Measurements, Modeling, and Practice (ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 110) is intended to supplement ""Sedimentation Engineering: Classic Edition"" (ASCE Manuals and Reports on Engineering Practice No. 54), a seminal text on the nature and scope of sedimentation problems, methods for their investigation, and practical approaches to their solution.""Sedimentation Engineering: Theories, Measurements, Modeling, and Practice"" updates selected topics in the original manual and addresses new topics, such as the hydraulic action of flowing water in the context of rivers and inland water bodies.

The United States has one of the largest and costliest flood control systems in the world, even though only a small proportion of its land lies in floodplains. Rivers by Design traces the emergence of the mammoth U.S. flood management system, which is overseen by the federal government but implemented in conjunction with state governments and local contractors and levee districts. Karen M. O'Neill analyzes the social origins of the flood control program, showing how the system initially developed as a response to the demands of farmers and the business elite in outlying territories. The configuration of the current system continues to reflect decisions made in the nineteenth century and early twentieth. It favors economic development at the expense of environmental concerns.O'Neill focuses on the creation of flood control programs along the lower Mississippi River and the Sacramento River, the first two rivers to receive federal flood control aid. She describes how, in the early to mid-nineteenth century, planters, shippers, and merchants from both regions campaigned for federal assistance with flood control efforts. She explains how the federal government was slowly and reluctantly drawn into water management to the extent that, over time, nearly every river in the United States was reengineered. Her narrative culminates in the passage of the national Flood Control Act of 1936, which empowered the Army Corps of Engineers to build projects for all navigable rivers in conjunction with local authorities, effectively ending nationwide, comprehensive planning for the protection of water resources.

Managing Urban Stormwater Systems

This is the West African contribution to a series of regional studies, some twenty years in the making, on the history of irrigation, commissioned by the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage. It demonstrates that although Nigeria did not produce such old and elaborate hydralic structures as those in the Nile and Euphrates-Tigris valleys, its people nevertheless devised systems of irrigation and flood control early on in their history. It further shows that the history of agricultural development is inseparable from the social history of the people. Contents: pre-colonial period to 1900; colonial period 1900-1906; Kware irrigation scheme 1925-1963; irrigation development besides Kware 1925-1959; irrigation development 1960-1999; evolution of the federal ministry of water resources and irrigation administration in Nigeria; concept and evolution of river basin development; floods and droughts in Nigeria; drainage of agricultural lands; irrigation research, extension and training; land tenure, water laws, rights and customs; international organisations, treaties and agreements; and current problems of irrigation, drainage and flood controls in Nigeria.

This fifth edition of "Profile of the International Pump Industry - Market Prospects to 2007" reviews the markets, technological trends, and major manufacturers of industrial pumps. "Profile of the International Pump Industry" covers both the international pump industry and its associated market, illustrating the structure of the industry, highlighting developments, identifying future trends, and looking at recent mergers and acquisitions. Market estimates and forecasts to 2007, by region and pump type, are presented along with an analysis of the main end-user markets for industrial pumps, and a technology overview. Forty leading international pump manufacturers are profiled and a Top 20 league table of pump manufacturers, ranked by sales of pumps, is given. A directory of pump manufacturing companies and an index of companies by product type are also included.

For a PDF version of the report please call Steve Kimber on +44 (0) 1865 843666 for price details.

This CD-ROM contains the complete papers presented at the conference Recontres Geosynthetiques, held in Bordeaux, France in October 1999. Some of the topics covered include: waste landfillng and polluted site confining; local behaviour of confining barriers; and construction quality control.

Now enhanced with 25% new material, this easily portable, applications-based manual provides a focused, quick look-up reference on hydraulics encountered in day-to-day practice. Compiles material and data from a wide range of engineering sources of interest to those who process, pump, treat, contain, and distribute water. The second edition has more illustrations, including cut-away and cross-sectional views of pipe, pumps, and other flow mechanisms; increased coverage of agri-drainage and water management issues; and an expanded look at pump designs.

The multidisciplinary field of fluid mechanics is one of the most actively developing fields of physics, mathematics and engineering. This textbook, fully revised and enlarged for the second edition, presents the minimum of what every physicist, engineer and mathematician needs to know about hydrodynamics. It includes new illustrations throughout, using examples from everyday life, from hydraulic jumps in a kitchen sink to Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities in clouds, and geophysical and astrophysical phenomena, providing readers with a better understanding of the world around them. Aimed at undergraduate and graduate students as well as researchers, the book assumes no prior knowledge of the subject and only a basic understanding of vector calculus and analysis. It contains forty-one original problems with very detailed solutions, progressing from dimensional estimates and intuitive arguments to detailed computations to help readers understand fluid mechanics.

Cavitation, the result of insufficient pressure in a pump inlet, is not only the major cause of loss in pump performance, but also of reduced cost effectiveness. This practical guide provides straight forward, up to the minute advice on all aspects of cavitation and NPSH, enabling the end user to improve all the factors involved. Prepared by Europump - European Association of Pump Manufacturers - this book contains the results of years of research work and practical experience by leading European educational institutions and pump manufacturers to give a valuable unbiased guide which is applicable to all types of rotodynamic pumps and related systems.

Guidelines for Instrumentation and Measurements for Monitoring Dam Performance is a handy and comprehensive source of information about instrumentation and measurements for monitoring performance of all types of dams for dam owners, engineers, and regulators. This committee report presents the methodology and process for the selection, measurement instruments and techniques, installation, operation, maintenance, use, and evaluation of instrumentation and measurement systems for dams, appurtenant structures, their foundations, and environment. The topics include: factors affecting dam performance, means and methods of monitoring dam performance, planning and implementation of a monitoring program, data evaluation and reporting, and decision making. Case histories of instrumentation and monitoring programs at specific dams are provided for the reader.

Maintaining the Safety of our Dams and Reservoirs covers a wide range of topics which are of direct relevance to all who work with dams and reservoirs, whether in the UK or abroad, be they owners, maintainers, designers or constructors. The changes to the UK's legislative frameworks for dam safety are covered, as are examples of the many environmental factors to be taken into account, not just for the construction of new dams but also for alterations and repairs. Several papers provide examples of the planning or construction of new dams, while many deal with upgrades and repairs to existing dams, some as the results of unforeseen incidents.

World Bank Technical Paper No. 389. By the International Commission on Irrigation and Drainage. This paper is the revised edition of Technical Paper No. 99, written in 1989. It provides the basis for the preparation of manuals necessary for managers and staffs to perform needed activities at the proper time. The guide provides a comprehensive list of issues that should be addressed in operation and maintenance manuals for irrigation and drainage systems, and a listing of published materials and working papers which will assist in the formulation of plans for operation and maintenance. The paper serves as a valuable tool to help improve the performance of irrigation and drainage systems and to assist managers in developing and improving effective organizations to serve water consumers better.

Waterford harbour has centuries of tradition based on its extensive fishery and maritime trade. Steeped in history, customs and an enviable spirit, it was there that Andrew Doherty was born and raised amongst a treasure chest of stories spun by the fishermen, sailors and their families. As an adult he began to research these accounts and, to his surprise, found many were based on fact. In this book, Doherty will take you on a fascinating journey along the harbour, introduce you to some of its most important sites and people, the area's history, and some of its most fantastic tales. Dreaded press gangs who raided whole communities for crew, the search for buried gold and a ship seized by pirates, the horror of a German bombing of the rural idyll during the Second World War - on every page of this incredible account you will learn something of the maritime community of Waterford Harbour.

This timely book is about how to design alternatives to reduce coastal flood and wave damage, erosion, and loss of ecosystems facing an unknown future of sea level rise. The latest theories are interlaced with applied examples from the authors' 48 years of experience in teaching, research, and as a practicing, professional engineer in coastal engineering. The design process takes into consideration all the design constraints (scientific, engineering, economic, environmental, social/political/institutional, aesthetic, and media) to meet today's client needs, expectations, and budgets for an uncertain future.The book is organized as a textbook for graduate students. And, it is a self-contained reference for government and consulting engineers responsible for finding solutions to coastal hazards facing the world's coastal populations. New solutions are included in the book that help people of all socio-economic levels living at the coast. Both risk reduction metrics quantified in monetary terms, and increased resilience metrics quantified as vulnerability reduction must now be taken into consideration to make equitable design decisions on hazard mitigation alternatives.In the Anthropocene Era, under 'deep uncertainty' in global mean sea level predictions for the future, today's designs must mitigate today's storm damages, and be adaptable for the unpredictable water levels and storms of the future. This book includes a design 'philosophy' for water levels to year 2050 and for the long term from 2050 to 2100. Multiple spreadsheets are provided and organized to aid the design process.This is an exciting time to be 'thinkers' as Civil/Coastal engineers.Related Link(s)

Modern design of berm breakwaters began about thirty years ago. However, to date, there has been a lack of a well-established, formal design methodology on berm breakwaters. The authors Dr Jentsje van der Meer and Sigurdur Sigurdarson combine over 40 years of collective experience working with breakwaters to put forward a design framework in Design and Construction of Berm Breakwaters; covering the science and design practices of berm breakwater structures. The original design consisted of mass armoured berms that reshaped into statically stable S-shaped slopes. The design was adopted in Iceland and eventually led to a development with more stable structures by using available rock sizes, large rock, and more rock gradings than just 'small rock (core)' and 'large rock (berm)'. This more stable and only partly reshaping structure is called the Icelandic-type berm breakwater.Written for researchers and practitioners, the volume consists of chapters on geometrical designs of the berm breakwater cross-section, including berm reshaping and wave overtopping, quarry and project management, as well as blasting and sorting techniques, designs for various wave conditions and available rock classes, and case studies of already constructed berm breakwaters.

In the early 1850s the French diplomat and engineer Ferdinand de Lesseps (1805 1894) revived earlier French plans to build a canal through the Isthmus of Suez, and, thanks to his good relations with the Viceroy of Egypt, won approval for the project in the face of British and Turkish opposition. This 1870 lecture reveals de Lesseps' enchantment with the desert and its people, his determination to complete the canal, and his annoyance at British antagonism. By 1875, when this English translation by Sir Henry Wolff was published, the canal had been open for six years and the British position had shifted dramatically. The government bought Egypt's shares in the Canal Company, and Wolff was chosen by Disraeli to speak in Parliament in support of the purchase. De Lessep's book remains an invaluable source on the canal, the politics of the major powers, and European attitudes towards the Middle East.

This book describes the practical aspects necessary to design, manage, monitor, and assess these hydraulic structures. The approaches, used to develop tools and methods for assessing performance and safety of dams largely applied for French cases, has been discussed for aggregating heterogeneous information and expert knowledge. Field measurements have been applied to the performance and the safety assessment for two real-life examples of old dams: Zermanice Concrete Dam and Sance Rockfill Dam in the Czech Republic. The finite element models (FEM), to simulate the crucial loading and monitoring stages of these dams, indicate heave, tilting, uneven displacements, and large settlements. Dam safety and risk management have been performed through the design of spillways, energy dissipators, dams' aseismic air-cushion control, simulation of aseismic mechanisms, control optimisation using shaking table tests, and the opportunity to use optic fibre crack sensing to prevent seismic damage.

Hydraulic fracturing is a technique used to free oil and natural gas trapped underground in low-permeability rock formations by injecting a fluid under high pressure in order to crack the formations. The composition of a fracturing fluid varies with the nature of the formation, but typically contains mostly water; a proppant to keep the fractures open, such as sand; and a small percentage of chemical additives. Some of these additives may be hazardous to health and the environment. The Shale Gas Production Subcommittee of the Secretary of Energy Advisory Board (SEAB) has recommended public disclosure, on a well-by-well basis, of all the chemical ingredients added to fracturing fluids, with some protection for trade secrets. This book provides an overview of current and proposed laws and regulations at the state and federal levels that require the disclosure of the chemicals added to the fluid used in hydraulic fracturing.

The Bureau of Reclamation is responsible for the construction of most of the large irrigation and water resources infrastructure in the West. Reclamation manages water resource facilities in 17 western states with an original development cost of over $20.0 billion. Furthermore, Reclamation is over 100 years old. This ageing infrastructure requires increased maintenance and replacement efforts and expenditures. This book describes Reclamation's approach to managing ageing infrastructure. There is also a discussion of four specific approaches to managing Reclamation's ageing infrastructure through legislative action. Furthermore, the principal federal program to aid municipal wastewater treatment plant construction is authorised in the Clean Water Act (CWA). This book explores the funding for EPA wastewater assistance and some of the funded projects which are not authorised in the Clean Water Act nor the Safe Drinking Water Act. This book also examines the urgent actions needed to be taken for additional funding to resolve any deficiencies in dams. While dams have multiple benefits, they can also present a risk to public safety and economic infrastructure. This book consists of public documents which have been located, gathered, combined, reformatted, and enhanced with a subject index, selectively edited and bound to provide easy access.

Responsibility for flood risk management in the United States is a shared responsibility between multiple Federal, State, and local government agencies with a complex set of programs and authorities. Nationally, both the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) have programs to assist states and communities in reducing flood damages and promoting sound flood risk management. The authority to determine how land is used in floodplains and to enforce flood-wise requirements is entirely the responsibility of state and local government. Floodplain management choices made by state and local officials, in turn, impact the effectiveness of federal programs to mitigate flood risk and the performance of federal flood damage reduction infrastructure. One key challenge is to ensure that as the public and government leaders make flood risk management decisions, they integrate environmental, social, and economic factors and consider all available tools to improve public safety. Importantly, the public must be educated both as to the risks they face and actions they can take to reduce their risks. Because of this complex arrangement of responsibilities, only a life-cycle, comprehensive and collaborative systems approach will enable communities to sustain an effective reduction of risks from flooding.