Practical Drainage is easy to read and presented in a non-technical style generously supported with helpful illustrations. There are three key messages in this book: water moves sideways only slowly through soil--leading to a detailed description of how drains work; the how-and-why of perched water table methods of construction; and sands are different from one another--they must be tested before use in turf root zones. These key messages are preceded by detailed descriptions of how water moves into soils and the effects of compaction on that movement. The final chapters give step-by-step guidelines for calculating drain spacings and depths, based on measurements of the hydraulic conductivity of the soil and its various layers. There are also chapters about how to measure hydraulic conductivity and how to design and install sub-soil drainage systems.

The construction of the Crossrail project began at North Dock in Canary Wharf in May 2009. With the railway due to open in 2018, it is one of the largest single infrastructure investments undertaken in the UK to date. It consists of 21 kilometres of new twin-bore tunnels and 10 new world-class stations across one of the largest cities in the world. Across 6 volumes, Crossrail Project: Infrastructure Design and Construction contains a collection of papers submitted to Crossrail's Technical Papers Competition. Contributions have come from consultants, contractors, suppliers and third-party stakeholders all of whom have been involved in the Crossrail project. The papers cover a variety of disciplines including health and safety, insulation materials, material corrosion, ground engineering and many more. As part of the legacy of the Crossrail project, it is important for the organisation to share its experiences and best practices with the rest of the industry and to showcase the skills of the personnel involved and the successful delivery of each phase of works. Brought together, these 6 volumes provide a valuable source of reference for current practices in design and construction of large-scale underground projects.

The first comprehensive, practical guide to the selection, construction, and installation of soil bioengineering and biotechnical slope protection

Here is the ultimate guide to physically attractive, environmentally compatible, and cost-effective methods of protecting slopes from erosion and mass wasting. Lavishly illustrated with more than 150 photographs and supplemented with scores of charts and tables, this book covers the entire subject from general principles and background on the nature of soil erosion and mass movement to detailed information on root strengths, treatment selection, unit costs, critical tractive stresses, methods for harvesting and handling live cuttings, and more.

Four illustrated case studies, each addressing a different set of problems and solutions, demonstrate both the application of particular technologies and the site investigation, planning, scheduling, and organization required to complete these projects successfully. This unique reference handbook

• Reviews the horticultural and engineering underpinnings for biotechnical and soil engineering treatments
• Documents and explains the role of woody plants in stabilizing slopes against both surficial erosion and mass movement
• Provides details on a broad range of soil bioengineering methods, including live staking, live fascines, brushlayering, live crib walls, branchpacking, and live slope gratings
• Describes various biotechnical methods and materials, including the incorporation of vegetation in erosion control blankets, flexible mats, cellular revetments (geocells), rock armor (rip rap), and gabion and open-front crib walls
• Summarizes the findings of the National Science Foundation-sponsored workshop to assess the state of the art and determine research needs

For practicing professionals, researchers, and students in geotechnical engineering, geology, soil science, forestry and forest engineering, landscape architecture, environmental horticulture, and restoration ecology, this book offers thorough, up-to-date coverage that is not available from any other single source.

In Draining New Orleans, the first full-length book devoted to "the world's toughest drainage problem," renowned geographer Richard Campanella recounts the epic challenges and ingenious efforts to dewater the Crescent City. With forays into geography, public health, engineering, architecture, politics, sociology, race relations, and disaster response, he chronicles the herculean attempts to "reclaim" the city's swamps and marshes and install subsurface drainage for massive urban expansion. The study begins with a vivid description of a festive event on Mardi Gras weekend 1915, which attracted an entourage of elite New Orleanians to the edge of Bayou Barataria to witness the christening of giant water pumps. President Woodrow Wilson, connected via phoneline from the White House, planned to activate the station with the push of a button, effectively draining the West Bank of New Orleans. What transpired in the years and decades that followed can only be understood by examining the large swath of history dating back two centuries earlier-to the geological formation and indigenous occupation of this delta-and extending through the colonial, antebellum, postbellum, and Progressive eras to modern times. The consequences of dewatering New Orleans proved both triumphant and tragic. The city's engineering prowess transformed it into a world leader in drainage technology, yet the municipality also fell victim to its own success. Rather than a story about mud and machinery, this is a history of people, power, and the making of place. Campanella emphasizes the role of determined and sometimes unsavory individuals who spearheaded projects to separate water from dirt, creating lucrative opportunities in the process not only for the community but also for themselves.

Public water systems deliver high-quality water to the public. They also present a vast array of problems, from pollution monitoring and control to the fundamentals of hydraulics and pipe fitting.

This book expounds the hydraulics of fine sediment which is almost ubiquitously found in coastal and estuarine waters, and in rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. Although the basic subject may be categorized as applied marine physics in shallow waters, several physicochemical and biological effects on particulate transport have been addressed.In this second edition most of the chapters have been substantially updated, rewritten, and expanded. Overall, a significant change has also been made throughout by replacing sediment concentration, a unit dependent quantity at the heart of numerous descriptions, measurements, and calculations, with the nondimensional sediment volume fraction. It marks a divergence in the manner in which fine sediment transport data and calculations are conventionally presented.The book is mainly written for civil engineering seniors and graduate students, to offer a comprehensive foundation in hydraulics of fine sediment. The book is also a useful reference for researchers interested in the effects of physical chemistry and biology on fine sediment transport in water and to an extent on coastal and estuarine morphodynamics, sediment transport, port and harbor engineering, and applied shallow watwer marine physics. The book is also recommended reading for those interested in understanding particle transport in water.

The present edition, with new title Coastal Engineering, is the enlarged and updated volume of the book originally published under the title Coastal Hydrodynamics in 2012. In the recent past, exponential growth in coastal industries, human settlements and mushrooming of coastal protective structures have led to fast depletion of coastal features, overexploitation of both living and non-living ocean resources and abuse of ocean and coastal waters, resulting in nature's aggression in the form of tsunami and storms. It is, therefore, necessary to understand the nature and to build coastal facilities accordingly so that coastal equilibrium is not disturbed. It provides an overview of world population and ocean resources, natural threats and man-made hazards, and their impact on coastal environment. It discusses the fundamentals of wind, waves, tides and fluid flow and describes commonly adopted wave theories in coastal engineering. The text explains the methods for estimating wave forces on coastal structures, procedures for the analysis of wave data, and sediment transport. Apart from the estimation of beach profile evolution and shoreline change, the book discusses key aspects related to the design of different coastal structures. The book is intended for the undergraduate and postgraduate students of Ocean Engineering and Marine Engineering. It will also benefit the coastal engineers in understanding the processes associated with the coast and the design principles associated with the construction of coastal structures. Key Features Worked-out examples will benefit the reader to understand and solve variety of coastal engineering problems. Exercises given at the end of each chapter would benefit the reader to get exposed to a variety of practical problems related to coastal engineering. New To The Second Edition Two new chapters on Beach Profile and Shoreline Evolution and Design of Breakwaters and Coastal Protective Structures. Colour photographs, appended at the end of the book.

Whilst retaining the historical coverage on shoreline structures, coastal processes, and design and construction of breakwaters and related structures, the conference extends the marine energy theme; with emphasis on aspects at the civil and coastal engineering interface, such as fluid loadings, resource modelling, interactions with the environment, construction, installation, cabling, servicing and maintenance.

Advances in Coastal Hydraulics contains twelve papers that report on recent developments in several areas of coastal hydraulics. The papers, written by well-regarded authors, cover interesting topics such as the interaction of groundwater and coastal waters, the use of remote sensing for coastal applications, erosion in Arctic environments, the impact of marine vegetation on coastal hydrodynamics, new methods to examine the reliability of breakwater design, the development of marine kinetic energy, and methods for modeling coastal processes as well as their applications to small and large scales, such as a harbor in Hawaii (for design) and the extensive coast of India (for examining the effects of tsunamis and sea level rise). The developments presented in this book could serve not only as a reference book, but also as a starting point for new endeavors in the respective topics.

Expert coverage of ASCE 7-16-compliant, wind-resistant engineering methods for safer, sounder low-rise and standard multi-story buildings Using the hands-on information contained in this comprehensive engineering guide you will be able to design and construct safer buildings that will better withstand extreme wind forces. Written by a recognized structural design expert, the book explains the general concepts and principles involved in the design of buildings and structures for wind forces. Structural systems used to resist wind forces are outlined and explained, in the context of both low-rise and high-rise buildings. Building Design for Wind Forces provides easy-to-follow summaries of complex ASCE 7-16 wind load provisions and shows how to apply the corresponding design procedures using practical examples. A detailed discussion of typical structural damage caused by extreme wind events such as hurricanes and tornadoes is presented along with design recommendations. Current wind engineering activities and recent research developments are discussed, and a general overview of wind tunnel procedures and an introduction to the concept of database-assisted design (DAD) is provided. Building Design for Wind Forces covers:*Wind forces and wind effects on buildings and structures*Wind load provisions of the ASCE 7-16 standard*Damage to structures caused by extreme wind events*Wind engineering activities and research trends*Structural systems for lateral loads*Tall buildings*Wind design procedures and wind load parameters*Wind loads on the Main Wind Force Resisting System (MWFRS)*Wind loads on Components and Cladding (C&C)*Wind loads on building appurtenances and other structures*Wind tunnels and the wind tunnel procedure*Database-assisted design (DAD)

In the wake of Hurricane Katrina and the flooding of New Orleans in 2005, this interdisciplinary book brings together five years of empirical research funded by the National Science Foundation. It explores the causes of flooding in the United States and the ways in which local communities can reduce the associated human casualties and property damage. Focussing on Texas and Florida, the authors investigate factors other than rainfall that determine the degree of flooding, and consider the key role of non-structural techniques and strategies in flood mitigation. The authors present an empirical and multi-scale assessment that underlines the critical importance of local planning and development decisions. Written for advanced students and researchers in hazard mitigation, hydrology, geography, environmental planning and public policy, this book will also provide policy makers, government employees and engineers with important insights into how to make their communities more resilient to the adverse impacts of flooding.

Prepared by the KSTAT Standards Committee of the Standards Development Council of the Environmental and Water Resources Institute of the American Society of Civil Engineers Calculation of the Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Fine-Grained Soils is the fourth standard in a series that enhances the probabilistic characterization and understanding of the behavior of a key groundwater parameter, the saturated hydraulic conductivity. Standard ANSI/ASCE/EWRI 65-17 provides guidelines for calculating saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), permeability, and porosity of fine-grained soils. The calculation has four components: strain-stress data from a step-load test; one-dimensional vertical consolidation theory relating Ksat to the coefficient of consolidation; the relation between Ksat and permeability; and the relation between porosity and the void ratio of the soil. This standard's methodology can be applied to refine or improve calculations of land subsidence, groundwater flow prediction, and transport of dissolved solutes moving in groundwater. The methodology in this standard is limited to fine-grained, compressible, inorganic soils. Highly organic soils (peat) exhibit anomalous primary and secondary consolidation and are out of scope of this standard. Standard ASCE 65-17 will be useful to environmental engineers, water resources engineers, and anyone who uses hydraulics in engineering.

Engineering Hydrology, sometimes called hydrologic engineering, is an engineering specialty that focuses on water resources. Engineering Hydrology is chiefly concerned with the flow and storage of water including urban drainage, water supply, wastewater treatment, river management and coastal protection. Hydrological engineering also focuses on preventing floods and lessening the effects of floods, droughts and other natural disasters. In this book, we try to cover different aspects of Engineering Hydrology. Firstly, we discuss the role of hydrological studies for the development of the TDPS System and an application of filtered renewal processes. Then we present the role of the dominant modes of precipitation variability over Eastern Africa in modulating the hydrology of Lake Victoria and the review of GRACE Data Applications in terrestrial hydrology monitoring. Relative contributions of forest change and climatic variability to hydrology in large watersheds and climate change impact on the hydrology of a typical watershed in the Tianshan Mountains are also discussed. In the middle part of the book, we focus on impacts of forest fires and climate variability on the hydrology of an Alpine medium sized catchment in the Canadian Rocky Mountains and scenario-based impact assessment of land use/cover and climate changes on watershed hydrology in Heihe river basin of Northwest China. Then hydrologic responses to land Use change in the Upper Fenhe River Watershed and an analysis of land use change dynamics and its impacts on hydrological processes in the Jialing River Basin are also discussed. We also try to present geographic concerns on flood climate and flood hydrology in monsoon-dominated Damodar river basin of Eastern India and the use of H-SAF soil moisture products for Operational Hydrology along with flood risk management in remote and impoverished Areas of Haiti. The last chapters of the book describe remote sensing-based assessment of the variability of winter and summer precipitation in the Pamirs and their effects on hydrology and hazards using harmonic time series analysis. We also try to find out the hydrological excitation of polar motion derived from GRACE gravity field solutions and spatial evaluation of heavy metals concentrations in the surface sediment of Taihu Lake. At the end, we describe National scale rainfall-runoff modelling with demonstration of a hydrological modelling framework and large-Scale hydrological modeling and decision-making for agricultural water consumption and allocation in the main stem tarim river of China.

Hydraulics corresponds to a wide variety of fields unified in a marvelous engineering set of models, all of then resting on several basic physical principles and with vast applications. The direct applications go from simple home hydraulic systems, as in our kitchens or bathrooms to the large industrial structures, buildings, factories, all that make modern life possible. The industrial applications are by far the most studied. It is indeed needed to understand the flows on different geometries, and how this flow produces changes in the system, pressure and viscosity, that determines how the fluid is going to behave even in the simplest structure. The complications to compute and make predictions are enormous, it is only with the aid of numerical calculations that some results can be obtained, nevertheless, the control by using valves and several types of pipelines and some other devices that allow us to reproduce the results that we need for control and applications, even when the fluids are in turbulent and complex regimes. The research in this field pursues to understand mostly industrial applications, but some branches are also related to basic science, where the physics is similar, although the equations that rules are different, such as nanofluids, nanosensors devices and nanoparticles motion in a fluid. The aim of this book is to take some practical examples and show the most relevant concepts and methods. We hope it will give a little inside into the physics and techniques involved in the hydraulics engineering.

The objective of this book is to give knowledge of open channel hydraulics and hydrology, leading to understanding of the scientific foundations and basic principles of these fields, and the ability to apply hydraulic and hydrological methods to engineering applications in an integrated way. The first part of the book describes an assessment of the literature and recent developments on the shallow wake in an open channel flow and secondary currents and turbulence over a non-uniformly roughened open-channel bed. Then we present flow patterns in an open channel confluence with increasingly dominant tributary inflow and a novel approach for estimating the recurrence intervals of channel-forming discharges. After that, we try to find the effect of the hydraulic retention time on the performance of an ecological wastewater treatment system with a constructed wetland and rehabilitation priority determination of water pipes based on hydraulic importance.

Hydrology deals with the origin, occurrence, circulation, distribution, the physical and chemical properties of water and its interaction with living organisms. Hydrology is an essential field of science since everything from tiny organisms to individuals to societies to the whole of civilization - depends so much on water. Hydrological engineering, also called water resources engineering, is a civil engineering specialty offered at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Hydrological engineering is chiefly concerned with the flow and storage of water. Topics commonly covered include urban drainage, water supply, wastewater treatment, river management and coastal protection. Hydrological engineering also focuses on preventing floods and lessening the effects of floods, droughts and other natural disasters. Water is an essential resource that is required by all life on Earth. Studying the movement, availability, and quality of water are the jobs of a hydrologist. More specifically hydrologists study the chemical properties, biological interactions, and the physical processes that govern the water cycle. The water cycle or hydrologic cycle is a process by which water is continuously cycled around the earth. This happens through different pathways and at different rates but the central concepts remain the same. Water evaporates from the ocean, condenses as clouds, moves over land, and precipitates. From there it can enter ground water, evaporate again, or enter a stream or lake. It will eventually find its way back to the ocean either by falling as precipitation, flowing with a river, or by moving ever so slowly with ground water. The hydrologic cycle is also a process that transfers heat energy. Heat is transported pole ward by water being evaporated and then condensing which releases heat. Without the water cycle the climate would be much more frigid and areas away from the equator would be much less habitable. Hydrology is more significant these days because we plan ahead of time to deal with extremes (scarcity of water leading to droughts, and overflowing of water bodies leading to floods). This text introduces students to the key concepts and methods in physical and engineering hydrology.

Since 1990, John Gaythwaite's Design of Marine Facilities stands out as the one essential reference for the engineering and design of ports, harbors, and marine terminals. The Third Edition continues this tradition by providing the accurate, authoritative explanations and recommendations required by civil engineers who are building and maintaining the structures used to berth, moor, and repair ocean-going vessels. Gaythwaite provides comprehensive technical discussions on a variety of loads and design issues relevant to ports and harbors. Topics include: Vessel characteristics Features of marine facilities Operational and environmental loads Berthing loads and fender system design Mooring loads and design principles Design of fixed structures, including piers, wharves, dolphins, access buildings, crane trackage, and ship services Geotechnical design for marine sites, including foundations, slopes, bulkheads and retaining structures, solid-fill structures, and pile and drilled-shaft foundations Floating structures Dry docks Rehabilitation, maintenance, and inspection. The Third Edition completely revises and updates previous editions with expanded coverage overall. Material has been added on seismic design, tsunami effects, sea level rise, design of fixed aids to navigation, and other topics. New information is included regarding the rehabilitation, maintenance, and repair of marine facilities, as well as facility inspection, assessment, and life-cycle asset management. With its practical approach and clear explanations, Design of Marine Facilities: Engineering for Port and Harbor Structures is a must-have guide for port authority engineers, marine terminal operators, marine contractors, port planners, and other professionals. It is also an excellent introduction for students to the basics of marine facilities design.