Ella Baker (1903-1986) was an influential African American civil rights and human rights activist. For five decades, she worked behind the scenes with people in vulnerable communities to catalyze social justice leadership. Her steadfast belief in the power of ordinary people to create change continues to inspire social justice activists around the world. This book describes a case study that translates Ella Baker's community engagement philosophy into a catalytic leadership praxis, which others can adapt for their work. Catalytic leadership is a concrete set of communication practices for social justice leadership produced in equitable partnership with, instead of on, communities. The case centers the voices of African American teenage girls who were living in a segregated neighborhood of an affluent college town and became part of a small collective of college students, parents, university faculty, and community activists learning leadership in the spirit of Ella Baker.

This book demonstrates how foreign language self-esteem (FLSE) affects foreign language (L2) learning and teaching, and how it fluctuates with growing proficiency. Further, it explains the interaction between FLSE and a range of factors of recognized importance in second language acquisition (SLA). The theoretical part of the book presents the main pillars of self-esteem as well as its notable influence on psychological functioning and learning, with special emphasis being placed on L2 learning. In turn, the empirical part presents the findings of a study that explored the trajectory and behavioural outcomes of FLSE across three stages of education. The book closes by outlining future research directions, as well as some pedagogical implications. In particular, the findings of the study can be employed in teaching English as a foreign or second language by helping instructors understand the significance of learners' individual differences.

Letterbook 6 (S) filled with multisensory, multimodal activities that stress major language and listening skills. There is one book for each letter of the alphabet, except for Q & K and X & Y, which are paired to share one book each.

Frederick Douglass, once a slave, was one of the great 19th century American orators and the most important African American voice of his era. This book traces the development of his rhetorical skills, discusses the effect of his oratory on his contemporaries, and analyzes the specific oratorical techniques he employed. The first part is a biographical sketch of Douglass's life, dealing with his years of slavery (1818-1837), his prewar years of freedom (1837-1861), the Civil War (1861-1865), and postwar years (1865-1895). Chesebrough emphasizes the centrality of oratory to Douglass's life, even during the years in slavery. The second part looks at his oratorical techniques and concludes with three speeches from different periods. Students and scholars of communications, U.S. history, slavery, the Civil War and Reconstruction, and African American studies will be interested in this book.

This volume offers insights on language learning outside the classroom, or in the wild, where L2 users themselves are the driving force for language learning. The chapters, by scholars from around the world, critically examine the concept of second language learning in the wild. The authors use innovative data collection methods (such as video and audio recordings collected by the participants during their interactions outside classrooms) and analytic methods from conversation analysis to provide a radically emic perspective on the data. Analytic claims are supported by evidence from how the participants in the interactions interpret one another's language use and interactional conduct. This allows the authors to scrutinize the term wild showing what distinguishes L2 practices in our different datasets and how those practices differ from the L2 learner data documented in other more controlled settings, such as the classroom. We also show how our findings can feed back into the development of materials for classroom language instruction, and ultimately can support the implementation of usage-based L2 pedagogies. In sum, we uncover what it is about the language use in these contexts that facilitates developmental changes over time in L2-speakers' and their co-participants' interactional practices for language learning.

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) and its Companion Volume have established themselves as an indispensable reference point for all aspects of second and foreign language education. This book discusses the impact of the CEFR on curricula, teaching/learning and assessment in a wide range of educational contexts, identifies challenges posed by the Companion Volume and sheds light on areas that require further research and development. Particular attention is paid to three features of the two documents: their action-oriented approach, their focus on plurilingualism, and the potential of their scales and descriptors to support the alignment of curricula, teaching/learning and assessment. The book suggests a way forward for future engagement with the CEFR, taking account of new developments in applied linguistics and related disciplines.

Do you know how to speak Cherokee, but cannot read and write the language? Do your children have difficulty grasping the language? Are you new to the Cherokee language and looking for a quick and effective way to learn? Simply Cherokee: Let's Learn Cherokee Syllabary is the first building block in Simply Cherokee's catalogue of tools for learning to read, write, and speak the Cherokee language. Inside these pages you will find the fastest-and most effective -way to learn the Cherokee Syllabary. Each syllabary has a simple story containing a word with the syllbary's unique sound. After completing the workbook, you will remember the story and the key word whenever you see a syllabary. Cherokee Syllabary is designed for fast assimilation. And when you are done, just move on to the next book. You'll be fluent as simply as that

This book is a four-volume study on modern Chinese complex sentences, giving an overview and detailed analysis on the key attributes and three major types of this linguistic unit. Complex sentences in modern Chinese are unique in formation and meaning. The author proposes a tripartite classification of Chinese complex sentences according to the semantic relationships between the clauses, i.e., coordinate, causal, and adversative. The first volume defines Chinese complex sentences and makes detailed comparisons between the tripartite and dichotomous systems for the classification of complex sentences. It then thoroughly investigates causal complex sentences in their eight typical forms. The second volume analyses the coordinated type in the broad sense and the relevant forms, while the third focuses on adversative type, examining the major forms and implications for research and language teaching. The final volume looks into attributes of Chinese complex sentences as a whole, discussing the constituents, related sentence forms, and semantic and pragmatic relevance of complex sentences. The book will be a useful reference for scholars and learners of the Chinese language interested in Chinese grammar and language information processing.

The chapters in this volume represent an approach to the notion of language transfer which reflects the paradigm shift originating from cognitive science. The perception and expression of ideas and events in one language in terms of another language is considered only a special case of one of the fundamental processes in human problem solving-reasoning by analogy. Transfer in language production is seen as a basic metaphorical concept denoting language interaction that must be discussed in connection with other metaphorical concepts denoting language interaction as well. If this is true, the assessment of language transfer in light of the production paradigm has hardly begun. It will continue to be a topic of far-reaching consequences for a theory of language processing and language acquisition.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of empirical studies based on various approaches devoted to examining the interpersonal argumentative processes involved in different contexts. It also identifies context-dependent similarities and differences in the ways in which argumentative interactions are managed by individuals in a range of educational and professional settings. How can some forms of negotiation, change and debate result from engaging in interpersonal processes during argumentation? How do interpersonal dimensions affect the interdependencies between argumentative exchanges and construction of knowledge and skills? The book clarifies these open questions by providing a discussion of theoretical and empirical issues at the forefront of research, in order to provide a view of how interpersonal argumentation in educational and professional contexts is actually questioned and investigated. It offers readers an opportunity to discover the crucial importance of an in-depth understanding of the role and functions played by the interpersonal dynamics within argumentative interactions occurring in a wide range of educational and professional contexts.