Norme vir Afrikaans het oor jare al bewys gelewer dat dit 'n besonder effektiewe bron is vir gebruik in taalkundeklaskamers van tersiere instellings en selfs in skole. Die titel is 'n praktiese naslaanbron wat as basis vir eie taalontwikkeling kan dien. In die aanpak word probeer om taalteorie en taalpraktyk te versoen. In die besonder fokus die boek op die "norme" wat 'n mens in gedagte moet hou by die praktiese gebruik van Afrikaans, o.m. die beginsels onderliggend aan hierdie norme, en dan ook die identifisering van belangrike en nuttige bronne van taaladvies oor problematiese taalsake. Die doel van die boek is nie om streng "normatief" te probeer voorskryf nie, maar eerder om leiding te gee met die hantering van praktiese taalkwessies met as vertrekpunt gefundeerde taalteoretiese kennis oor die Afrikaanse taalkunde. Die boek is 'n omvattende en uiters bruikbare hulpmiddel vir sowel student as dosent en is die vrug van die outeur se jarelange ondervinding as taaldosent. Die riglyne van die tiende uitgawe van die Afrikaanse Woordelys en Spelreels (AWS) (2009) is ook volledig in hierdie uitgawe verreken.

This text is intended to help those students who have progressed beyond introductory course books to translate from Latin into English. There are explanations of each Latin construction, graded exercises, plus notes and exercises on Latin words and usages which cut across several constructions.

Writing Centers have traditionally been viewed as marginalized facilities within their institutions. At the same time, faculty in all disciplines have come to stress the importance of good writing, and institutions have created Writing Across the Curriculum (WAC) Programs to address this concern. Often, the interests of Writing Centers conflict with those of WAC programs, and the theoretical foundations of the two may not necessarily be the same. Nonetheless, Writing Centers--whether voluntarily or involuntarily--have become more involved with efforts to promote Writing Across the Curriculum and have formed fruitful partnerships with WAC Programs. While journal articles have begun to discuss these partnerships, this book offers an extended treatment of the topic. By examining the relationships between Writing Centers and WAC programs, this volume challenges the view that Writing Centers are marginalized and demonstrates how they are aggressively moving toward the curricular center of education.

Each chapter examines the evolving theoretical, practical, and institutional relationships between Writing Centers and Writing Across the Curriculum programs. By drawing from institutionally specific experiences, expert contributors present a variety of approaches for establishing and developing effective Writing Center/WAC partnerships. Included are perspectives from established and emerging theorists from all levels, including high schools, community colleges, small four-year colleges and universities, and major research institutions. The contributors accurately portray the true diversity of Writing Center/WAC partnerships and assess the compatibility of these partnerships with larger institutional missions. The volume touches on such topics as the use of computers in writing instruction, the use of student writing tutors, and the problems inherent in discipline-specific language. By deepening our knowledge of the merging of Writing Centers and WAC Programs, this book sets the foundation for more advanced future research.

This two-volume set presents a comprehensive syntactical picture of Singapore Mandarin and discusses the distinguishing characteristics of the Chinese language and especially Singapore Mandarin. As a variety of Mandarin Chinese, Singapore Mandarin is characterised by syntactic rules taking precedence over morphological rules. The first volume provides an overview of the grammar of Singapore Mandarin and argues that word order and functional words are specifically important in the study of Singapore Mandarin. It also explains the properties and functions of the nine grammatical components, including phrase types, word classes, sentences, subjects and predicates, predicates and objects, predicates and complements, attributes and adverbials, complex predicate phrases and prepositions and prepositional phrases. The second volume describes expressions of number, quantity, time and place and composite sentences, covering seven types of compound sentences, eight types of complex sentences and connective words with a focus on conjunctions. The concluding part of the study explores the characteristics of Singapore Mandarin grammar compared with Chinese Mandarin (Putonghua) and issues of language standardisation. With rich and authentic language examples, the book will serve as a must read for learners and teachers of Mandarin Chinese and linguistics scholars interested in global Chinese and especially Singapore Mandarin.

Tang poetry is one of the most valuable cultural inheritances of Chinese history. Its distinctive aesthetics, delicate language and diverse styles constitute great literature in itself, as well as a rich topic for literary study. This two-volume set is the masterpiece of Professor Lin Geng, one of China's most respected literary historians, and reflects decades of active research into Tang poetry, covering the "Golden Age" of Chinese poetry (618-907 CE). In the first volume, the author provides a general understanding of poetry in the "High Tang" era from a range of perspectives. Starting with an indepth discussion of the Romantic tradition and historical context, the author focuses on poetic language patterns, Youth Spirit, maturity symbols, and prototypes of poetry. The author demonstrates that the most valuable part of Tang poetry is how it can provide people with a new perspective on every aspect of life. The second volume focuses on the prominent Tang poets and poems. Beginning with an introduction to the "four greatest poets"-Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei, and Bai Juyi-the author discusses their subjects, language, influence, and key works. The volume also includes essays on a dozen masterpieces of Tang poetry, categorized by topics such as love and friendship, aspirationsand seclusion, as well as travelling and nostalgia. As the author stresses, Tang poetry is worth rereading because it makes us invigorate our mental wellbeing, leaving it powerful and full of vitality. This book will appeal to researchers and students of Chinese literature, especially of classical Chinese poetry. People interested in Chinese culture will also benefit from the book.

Hedina Tahirovic Sijercic is a Romani journalist, poet, author, and translator, whose accomplishments span decades and continents. Her experiential knowledge of her native Gurbeti Romani and her professional expertise as the translator of several books, plays, and film scripts into the dialect make her the ideal compiler of the first Gurbeti Romani - English dictionary to be published in decades. Containing over 17,000 lexical items, grammatical information, and example sentences illustrating real-world usage, this dictionary is an essential resource for both new learners seeking to communicate with Gurbeti-speaking Roma, as well as native Romani speakers and writers interested in broadening their interdialectal Romani vocabulary. Visit www.RomaniDictionary.com for errata, previews, and other information from Magoria Books.

This book showcases the state of the art in the corpus-based linguistics of medieval Celtic languages. Its chapters detail theoretical advances in analysing variation/change in the Celtic languages and computational tools necessary to process/analyse the data. Many contributions situate the Celtic material in the broader field of corpus-based diachronic linguistics. The application of computational methods to Celtic languages is in its infancy and this book is a first in medieval Celtic Studies, which has mainly concentrated on philological endeavours such as editorial and literary work. The Celtic languages represent a new frontier in the development of NLP tools because they pose special challenges, like complicated inflectional morphology with non-straightforward mappings between lemmata and attested forms, irregular orthography, and consonant mutations. With so much data available in non-electronic form and ongoing efforts to convert these data to computer-readable format, there is much room for the developing/testing of new tools. This books provides an overview of this process at a crucial time in the development of the field and aims to the data accessible to computational linguists with an interest in diachronic change.

Build your fluency in Spanish by mastering its pronouns and prepositions Pronouns and prepositions may be small, but they are crucial for effective communication with speakers of Spanish. Practice Makes Perfect: Spanish Pronouns and Prepositions is the go-to guide for clear, precise explanations that pinpoint when a certain word should be used in a given situation. Learners will also receive plenty of practice in using their new language skills. And this book is accompanied by flashcards and audio recordings (available online and via app) that provide an extra dimension to your study of Spanish. THE BOOK IS DIVIDED INTO THREE MAIN PARTS: PART I covers pronouns, including subject, interrogative, possessive, relative, demonstrative and reciprocal pronouns, as well as double-object pronoun order, se and the passive voice, and more. PART II focuses on prepositions, including their various uses and the subtle difference. And, of course, there is extensive practice with the perennial troublemakers por and para! The Appendixes feature helpful charts, explanations, and summaries of the eight parts of speech, with special emphasis on pronouns and prepositions.

This volume presents effective instructional programs focused on two perspectives on writing: the teaching and learning of writing as a skill and the use of writing as a learning activity in various school subjects or skills acquisition. It is focused on analysing micro-design features of the programs (such as learning activities, supporting materials, specific strategies, instructional techniques) but also, macro-design rules of intervention programs (such as, instructional sequence, instructional stages) based on research evidence provided for previous studies. This volume goes beyond a practical volume because it provides additional reflection and discussion about theoretical background and empirically based evidence which support the specific intervention programs described. Several chapters in this book include links to an Open Access e-book where teacher and student materials for the authors' instructional approaches can be found (see ToC).