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Books > Medicine > Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences > Medical genetics
In the nearly 60 years since Watson and Crick proposed the double
helical structure of DNA, the molecule of heredity, waves of
discoveries have made genetics the most thrilling field in the
sciences. The study of genes and genomics today explores all
aspects of the life with relevance in the lab, in the doctor s
office, in the courtroom and even in social relationships. In this
helpful guidebook, one ofthe most respected and accomplished human
geneticists of our time communicates the importance of genes and
genomics studies in all aspects of life. With the use of core
concepts and the integration of extensive references, this book
provides students and professionals alike with the most in-depth
view of the current state of the science and its relevance across
disciplines.
"Our Genes, Our Choices: How Genotype and Gene Interactions Affect Behavior" explains how the complexity of human behavior, including concepts of free will, derives from a relatively small number of genes, which direct neurodevelopmental sequence. Are people free to make choices, or do genes determine behavior? Paradoxically, the answer to both questions is "yes," because of neurogenetic individuality, a new theory with profound implications. Author David Goldman uses judicial, political, medical, and ethical examples to illustrate that this lifelong process is guided by individual genotype, molecular and physiologic principles, as well as by randomness and environmental exposures, a combination of factors that we choose and do not choose. Written in an authoritative yet accessible style, the book
includes practical descriptions of the function of DNA, discusses
the scientific and historical bases of genethics, and introduces
topics of epigenetics and the predictive power of behavioral
genetics.
This volume of Methods in Enzymology looks at Gene Transfer
Vectors for Clinical Application. The chapters providean invaluable
resource for academics, researchers and students alike. With an
international board of authors, this volume covers such topics as
General principles of retrovirus vector design, Chronic
granulomatous disease (CGD), Gene therapy for blindness, and
Retrovirus genetic strategy and vector design.
This new volume in the "Current topics in Developmental Biology"
series concentrates on MicroRNAs in Development. It includes
chapters on such topics as miRNA networks in neuronal development,
let-7 in development, and Hox networks and miRNA. With an
international team of authors, this volume is a must-have addition
for researchers and students alike.
This book examines in detail the clinical implications of those diseases that either are primarily triggered by air pollution or represent direct consequences of air pollutants. The aim is to provide medical practitioners with practical solutions to issues in diagnosis and treatment while simultaneously furnishing other interested parties with crucial information on the field. The book introduces the concept that air pollution-related diseases constitute a new class of pathologies. A wide range of conditions mainly attributable to air pollution are discussed, covering different body systems and pollution impacts in subsets of the population. In addition to presenting state of the art overviews of clinical aspects, the book carefully examines the implications of current knowledge for social and public health strategies aimed at disease prevention and prophylaxis. The Clinical Handbook of Air Pollution-Related Diseases will greatly assist doctors and healthcare workers when dealing with the consequences of air pollution in their everyday practice and will provide researchers, industry, and policymakers with valuable facts and insights.
This volume explores some of the most exciting recent advances in
basic research on cellular RNA interference mechanisms and how this
knowledge is leading to advances in the various fields.
Significant advances in our knowledge of genetics were made during
the twentieth century but in the most recent decades, genetic
research has dramatically increased its impact throughout society.
Genetic issues are now playing a large role in health and public
policy, and new knowledge in this field will continue to have
significant implications for individuals and society. Written for
the non-majors human genetics course, Human Genetics, 3E will
increase the genetics knowledge of students who are learning about
human genetics for the first time. This thorough revision of the
best-selling Human Genome,2E includes entirely new chapters on
forensics, stem cell biology, bioinformatics, and societal/ethical
issues associated with the field. New special features boxes make
connections between human genetics and human health and disease.
Carefully crafted pedagogy includes chapter-opening case studies
that set the stage for each chapter; concept statements
interspersed throughout the chapter that keep first-time students
focused on key concepts; and end-of-chapter questions and critical
thinking activities. This new edition will contribute to creating a
genetically literate student population that understands basic
biological research, understands elements of the personal and
health implications of genetics, and participates effectively in
public policy issues involving genetic information . Full, 4-color illustration program enhances and reinforces key concepts and themes Uniform organization of chapters includes interest boxes that focus on human health and disease, chapter-opening case studies, and concept statements to engage non-specialist readers
According to the National Institute of Health, a genome-wide
association study is defined as any study of genetic variation
across the entire human genome that is designed to identify genetic
associations with observable traits (such as blood pressure or
weight), or the presence or absence of a disease or condition.
Whole genome information, when combined with clinical and other
phenotype data, offers the potential for increased understanding of
basic biological processes affecting human health, improvement in
the prediction of disease and patient care, and ultimately the
realization of the promise of personalized medicine. In addition,
rapid advances in understanding the patterns of human genetic
variation and maturing high-throughput, cost-effective methods for
genotyping are providing powerful research tools for identifying
genetic variants that contribute to health and disease. (good
paragraph)
"In this remarkably broad and far-reaching work, editor Mark Rothstein and his distinguished list of contributors have laid out an impressive framework for the field. Beginning with a survey of public attitudes, and progressing through scientific, clinical, governmental, legal, economic, and societal issues, the text builds to a final provocative epilogue on consequences for public policy." Pharmacogenomics promises to revolutionize medicine by enabling the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of diseases at the genome level. While a substantial amount of public and private research focuses on new pharmacogenomic applications, notably less attention has been directed to the ethical, legal, and social implications of "individualized medicine." Mark Rothstein’s timely anthology reduces that scholarship deficit, presenting a multidisciplinary analysis of the scientific, clinical, economic, ethical, social, and legal implications of pharmacogenomics. Assembling an all-star cast of bioethical scholars, medical researchers, legal scholars, and social scientists, Mark Rothstein examines the promises, questions, and concerns these revolutionary therapies implicitly present. Among other features, Pharmacogenomics:
Biotechnology and pharmaceutical researchers and regulators, health care professionals and students, and academics and policymakers will find Pharmacogenomics to be a valuable resource.
As a followup to his previous best-selling book, "Issues and Management of Joint Hypermobility: A Guide for the Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Hypermobility Type and the Hypermobility Syndrome," Dr. Tinkle has created this handbook with several contributors to expand insights into the understanding and management of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Hypermobility Type and the Hypermobility Syndrome. Dr. Tinkle has received many accolades for his ability to take a complex condition and make it understandable in everyday language: ..".provides a wealth of information about the natural history, and physical and medical management... It should be of great value to patients." - The American Journal of Medical Genetics Reader comments... ..".a useful tool in helping me obtain the type of care I need to manage my disorder..." "This book is simple but not oversimplified. It is an excellent basic resource, giving a clear, concise, and useful overview for those (like myself) who live with hypermobility." "Super book for EDS Finally a book that everyone can understand." ..".thoroughly explores the problems associated with EDS-HM. It is a relief to realize that it is not just me..." ..".a tremendous service for the health care community and the families and friends of those diagnosed or not yet formally diagnosed folks with EDS-HM... joy and clarity in reading the very 'easy to read' text chapters detailing out the impact of EDS-HM..." In addition to the weatlth of positive reviews, Dr. Tinkle's previous book on the same subject was a best seller in several categories: Genetics Medical Genetics Orthopedics Family and General Practice Brad T. Tinkle, M.D., Ph.D., is a clinical and clinical molecular geneticist at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC). He specializes in caring for individuals with heritable connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers-Danlos syndromes, Marfan syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta, and achondroplasia among the many.
Pain Genetics: Basic to Translational Science is a timely synthesis of the key areas of research informing our understanding of the genetic basis of pain. The book opens with foundational information on basic genetic mechanisms underlying pain perception and progresses recently discovered complex concepts facing the field. The coverage is wide-ranging and will serves as an excellent entry point into understating the genetics of pain as well as providing a single resource for established researchers looking for a better understanding of the diverse strands of research going on in the area. With contributors painstakingly selected to provide a broad range of perspectives and research, Pain Genetics will be a valuable resource for geneticists, neuroscientists, and biomedical professionals alike.
'[A]n excellent, brisk guide to what is likely to happen as opposed to the fantastically remote.' - Los Angeles Review of Books In 2018 the world woke up to gene editing with a storm of controversy over twin girls born in China with genetic changes deliberately introduced by scientists - changes they will pass on to their own offspring. Genetic modification (GM) has been with us for 45 years now, but the new system known as CRISPR or gene editing can manipulate the genes of almost any organism with a degree of precision, ease and speed that we could only dream of ten years ago. But is it ethical to change the genetic material of organisms in a way that might be passed on to future generations? If a person is suffering from a lethal genetic disease, is it unethical to deny them this option? Who controls the application of this technology, when it makes 'biohacking' - perhaps of one's own genome - a real possibility? Nessa Carey's book is a thrilling and timely snapshot of a cutting-edge technology that will radically alter our futures and the way we prevent disease. 'A focused snapshot of a brave new world.' - Nature 'A brisk, accessible primer on the fast-moving field, a clear-eyed look at a technology that is already driving major scientific advances - and raising complex ethical questions.' - Emily Anthes, Undark
This book brings together many of the main conclusions of the European Concerted Action Programme on Genetic Hearing Impairment (HEAR). It is spilt into four sections, covering definitions, protocols, genotype/phenotype relationships and important websites.The section on definitions enables all those approaching the problems of Genetic Hearing Impairment from different backgrounds to communicate in the same language and understand what each is doing more clearly. The definitions are of Audiological, Vestibulogical, Epidemiological and Genetic terms, together with specific terms associated with particular craniofacial abnormalities. The second section comprises protocols for the minimal set investigation of patients and their family members with genetic hearing impairment. Relatively little work has been done in the past on the balance of disorders which may be associated with Genetic Hearing Impairment and a protocol aiming to elucidate some of these factors in a relevant way has been defined. The final chapter in this section deals with how audiologists should relate to genetic laboratories in an attempt to reduce the confusion which has risen in this field in the past. The third section is concerned with the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes in non-syndromal hearing impairment in the conditions in which the genes have so far been localised and in many cases identified. The final section deals with the important websites within this field. The most important and the most visited is the Hereditary Hearing Loss website based on Antwerp and managed by Guy Van Camp and Richard Smith.
This book comprehensively covers the latest development in developing and deploying the genetically modified vectors, particularly Anopheles and Aedes mosquitoes responsible for transmitting malaria parasites and dengue viruses, the most deadly and/or debilitating among all the vector-borne diseases. It is considered timely and commensurate to bring about a book dealing with the various ecological, biological and social as well as regulatory aspects for the deployment of genetically modified vectors in special context with the biosafety of humans, his associates, and the environment. Written by an array of specialists and experts in various subjects of genetically modified organisms, this book centrally addresses the (i) basic principles of the genetic manipulation of vectors and they are potential impact on human and the environment, (ii) ecological, biological, ethical, legal and social implications of the use of genetically modified vectors, (iii) identification of potential hazards; assessment and management of risks for human and environment; risk/benefit analysis, (iv) principles and practices for the assessment and management of biosecurity and biosafety in laboratories (and in the field), (v) guiding principles for creation and management of institutional or national biosafety review boards and ethics review committees, and (vi) development and application of a biosafety regulatory framework and its related legal principles at national levels for securing the development and use of vector control methods based on genetic modification strategies. This publication will be useful to researchers, scientists, and professionals engaged in academic and research institutions, government or non-government, as well as students in universities and medical colleges.
The field of genetics is rapidly evolving, and new medical
breakthroughs are occurring as a result of advances in our
knowledge of genetics. This series continually publishes important
reviews of the broadest interest to geneticists and their
colleagues in affiliated disciplines. This thematicvolume reviews
the latest research findings in the area of vascular proteomics
related to the receptors of the vascular endothelium, and expands
insights into diseases that exhibit distinct vascular
characteristics, including cancer, obesity, andinflammation. * Provides contrasting roles of VEGF, givingresearchers a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms of VEGF *Includeschapters that review research employing a variety of organisms, allowing researchers to compare and contrast *Focuses onmaterial that translates basic research to real-life treatment applications, showing primary researchers how the basic science is being used in the clinical setting"
Genetic Diseases of the Kidney identifies and analyzes genetic
abnormalities causing renal diseases in human subjects. Although in
a sense the genome contains all the instructions required for the
formation of a phenotype, the information is encoded in an
extremely complicated fashion. In primary genetic diseases, the
genetic instruction specifies a phenotype clearly linked with a
discreet lesion confined to the kidney. However, the genetic
disturbance may be imbedded in a complicated physiologic ensemble,
so that the nexus between the genetic disturbance and the phenotype
may be obscured; in consequence, the causal sequence is extremely
difficult to unravel. In many instances the renal disease is one
component of a complicated systemic hereditary disease, either
monogenic or polygenic. Indeed, renal disease may arise as the sum
of minor inputs from many different, seemingly unrelated genes, so
that the genetic contributions may be difficult to identify.
Confounding the problem further are environmental influences,
originating either in the chromosomal environment from modifier
genes, or in the extra-chromosomal environmental from intrauterine
or postnatal influences. These considerations have determined both
the organization of the text as well as the detailed description of
the genetic disorders and the physiologic derangements that emerge.
Interest in the therapeutic value of embryonic, fetal and adult
stem cell types is rapidly expanding throughout the scientific
community. The first half of this century should see an explosion
of therapeutic applications of stem cells which will grow from the
cells and techniques described in this book. Stem Cell Culture
provides a comprehensive resource for researchers in the fields of
embryonic, fetal and adult stem cell biology to find methods for
the purification, culture, and differentiation of these cell types,
with the main emphasis on the maintenance of the stem cell
phenotype in vitro. This volume will be the first to broadly cover
multiple types of stem cell culture from different ages, organs and
species. Chapters focus on the practical do's and don'ts of
isolating and culturing these cell types, and use illustrative data
or diagrams that allow the reader to confidently apply techniques
and make this a standard reference.
Population Genetics of Multiple Loci F. B. Christiansen University
of Aarhus, Denmark "This is a very beautiful and powerful study of
an area that Christiansen has dominated for many years." - Marcus
Feldman, Stanford University, USA Population genetics thrives on
the constant interaction between theoretical and empirical
knowledge. In the first instance, population genetics was developed
using one-locus, two-allele models for genetic variation. The
simplicity of these models opened up theoretical developments in
population and evolutionary genetics to biologists without
specialist training in mathematics. Population genetics of
multi-allelic loci is more complex and requires more mathematical
insight, and its study is predominantly undertaken by mathematical
biologists. Traditional formulations of multi-locus theory do not
simplify by assuming two alleles per locus. In this elegant
presentation the author provides a formulation of multi-locus
population genetics that retains the simplicity of two-allele
models.
Genes, which are carried on chromosomes, are the basic physical and functional units of heredity. Genes are specific sequences of bases that encode instructions on how to make proteins. Although genes get a lot of attention, it's the proteins that perform most life functions and even make up the majority of cellular structures. When genes are altered so that the encoded proteins are unable to carry out their normal functions, genetic disorders can result. Gene therapy is an experimental treatment that involves introducing genetic material into a person's cells to fight disease. Gene therapy is being studied in clinical trials for many different types of cancer and for numerous other diseases. This new book presents the latest research in the field from around the world.
A tiny scrap of genetic information determines our sex; it also consigns many of us to a life of disease, directs or disrupts the everyday working of our bodies, and forces women to live as genetic chimeras. The culprit--so necessary and yet the source of such upheaval--is the X chromosome, and this is its story. An enlightening and entertaining tour of the cultural and natural history of this intriguing member of the genome, "The X in Sex" traces the journey toward our current understanding of the nature of X. From its chance discovery in the nineteenth century to the promise and implications of ongoing research, David Bainbridge shows how the X evolved and where it and its counterpart Y are going, how it helps assign developing human babies their sex--and maybe even their sexuality--and how it affects our lives in infinitely complex and subtle ways. X offers cures for disease, challenges our cultural, ethical, and scientific assumptions about maleness and femaleness, and has even reshaped our views of human evolution and human nature.
With Genetics Essentials: Concepts and Connections, Ben Pierce presents an approachable genetics text that focuses on major genetic concepts and how they connect, giving students a foothold in a complex subject. Similar in approach to Ben Pierce's popular and acclaimed Genetics: A Conceptual Approach, this streamlined text covers basic transmission, molecular, and population genetics in just 18 chapters, helping students uncover major concepts of genetics and make connections among those concepts as a way of gaining a richer understanding of the essentials of genetics. The new edition of Genetics Essentials is now supported in Achieve, Macmillan's new online learning platform. The new 5th edition continues this mission by expanding upon the powerful pedagogy and tools that have made this title so successful. New question types, more learning guidelines for students, and an updated art program round out a powerful text, and improvements to the online resources in our newest platform, Achieve, give students the conceptual and problem solving understanding they need for success. Achieve is Macmillan's new online learning platform that supports educators and students throughout the full range of instruction, including assets suitable for pre-class preparation, in-class active learning, and post-class study and assessment. The pairing of a powerful new platform with outstanding biology content provides an unrivaled learning experience.
Plasmids are closed, circular pieces of DNA that are able to self--replicate and are carried by many bacteria. They provide unique functions for bacteria by allowing them to sexually replicate and to pass on genetic material between each other. Plasmids are also responsible for the genetic factors that give resistance to antibiotics, and provide the enzymes needed to break down poorly metabolised food resources. The author has provided an updated treatment of the structure, function and application of plasmids suitable for undergraduates and medical students. Employing an original teaching perspective----examining plasmids as living organisms with either a symbiotic or parasitic mode of survival----this text provides an important framework for understanding the structure and function of plasmids in an evolutionary context.* The most up to date text on plasmids* An innovative teaching perspective makes for easy student understanding* Contains crucial chapters on the importance of plasmids for clinical and biological research
Emery and Rimoin's Principles and Practice of Medical Genetics and Genomics: Perinatal and Reproductive Genetics, Seventh Edition includes the latest information on seminal topics such as prenatal diagnosis, genome and exome sequencing, public health genetics, genetic counseling, and management and treatment strategies in this growing field. The book is ideal for medical students, residents, physicians and researchers involved in the care of patients with genetic conditions. This comprehensive, yet practical resource emphasizes theory and research fundamentals related to applications of medical genetics across the full spectrum of inherited disorders and applications to medicine more broadly. Chapters from leading international researchers and clinicians focus on topics ranging from single gene testing to whole genome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, gene therapy, genome editing approaches, FDA regulations on genomic testing and therapeutics, and ethical aspects of employing genomic technologies.
Second edition of the only comprehensive and student-friendly introduction to molecular exercise physiology available 12 chapter structure around which a complete single-semester course can be built Explains the concepts of exercise physiology at a molecular level in clear, accessible language and relates them to real practical and applied outcomes Covers applications in both sport and health-related physical activity Includes new chapters on the molecular aspects of exercise and cancer, and exercise and metabolic and cardiovascular diseases Every chapter includes useful features such as learning objectives, summaries, structured guides to further reading, review questions, overviews of work by key researchers and box discussions of important contemporary debates
The human genome is a linear sequence of roughly 3 billion bases and information regarding this genome is accumulating at an astonishing rate. Inspired by these advances, The Human Genome in Health and Disease: A Story of Four Letters explores the intimate link between sequence information and biological function. A range of sequence-based functional units of the genome are discussed and illustrated with inherited disorders and cancer. In addition, the book considers valuable medical applications related to human genome sequencing, such as gene therapy methods and the identification of causative mutations in rare genetic disorders. The primary audiences of the book are students of genetics, biology, medicine, molecular biology and bioinformatics. Richly illustrated with review questions provided for each chapter, the book helps students without previous studies of genetics and molecular biology. It may also be of benefit for advanced non-academics, which in the era of personal genomics, want to learn more about their genome. Key selling features: Molecular sequence perspective, explaining the relationship between DNA sequence motifs and biological function Aids in understanding the functional impact of mutations and genetic variants Material presented at basic level, making it accessible to students without previous studies of genetics and molecular biology Richly illustrated with questions provided to each chapter |
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