Death of all life forms is a fact. Random evolution of humans from lower life forms is not. Is there life after death? What kind? Where? Is there a God? What can be known about life after death? This book answers these questions with established facts rather than imagination and delusion.

Published to widespread acclaim, in Marie Curie and Her Daughters, science writer Shelley Emling shows that far from a shy introvert toiling away in her laboratory, the famed scientist and two-time Nobel prize winner was nothing short of an iconoclast. Emling draws on personal letters released by Curie's only granddaughter to show how Marie influenced her daughters yet let them blaze their own paths: Irene followed her mother's footsteps into science and was instrumental in the discovery of nuclear fission; Eve traveled the world as a foreign correspondent and then moved on to humanitarian missions. Emling also shows how Curie, following World War I, turned to America for help. Few people know about Curie's close friendship with American journalist Missy Meloney, who arranged speaking tours across the country for Marie, Eve, and Irene. Months on the road, charming audiences both large and small, endeared the Curies to American women and established a lifelong relationship with the United States that formed one of the strongest connections of Marie's life. Factually rich, personal, and original, this is an engrossing story about the most famous woman in science that rips the cover off the myth and reveals the real person, friend, and mother behind it.

The study of the nucleon-nucleon interaction has a long history, going back to 1932 (just after the discovery of the neutron by James Chadwick). The force is responsible for binding protons and neutrons into atomic nuclei but, unlike the cases of Coulomb or Newtonian gravitational laws, the form of the fundamental NN strong interaction and its constants are a priori unknown. The subject is nevertheless important because the energy associated with the binding of protons and neutrons to form atomic nuclei is the energy used in nuclear power. The authors of the present volume deliver accounts of current research on various aspects of the forces between two or more nucleons and how they relate to experiments in nuclear physics. General overviews, illustrated by appropriate examples, are given both the theoretical and experimental knowledge of nuclear physics that are prerequisites for the understanding of the strong interaction. Two- and three-nucleon forces are among the topics that are addressed and discussed including, for example, how nuclear forces emerge from low-energy QCD via chiral effective field theory. A comprehensive overview is presented of realistic free nucleon-nucleon interactions and also two-nucleon dynamics in a nuclear medium.

In this book some applications of artificial neural network in nuclear engineering are presented. In densitometry, number of scattered and counted gamma photons highly depends on material density. Using this relation, two different multi-layer perceptron artificial neural networks are proposed to predict material density. The results of proposed ANNs show that the presented model could be employed in densitometry of materials. Furthermore, the development of an ANN model for prediction of the highest value of X-ray yield in PFs is showed. The comparison between predicted and experimental results by ANN model illustrates that there is a good adaptation between them. So, the MLP architecture can be applied as a high efficient tool to predict the highest value of X-ray yield in the PFs.

On July 4, 2012, the Higgs boson, dubbed as the "God particle," which the physicists had been searching for more than 40 years now, was announced to have been discovered by the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world' largest particle accelerator operated by the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). Since the Standard Model did not include the explanation of how the particles got their mass, the Higgs mechanism called the Higgs field with a mediating particle of the Higgs boson was invented as the particle that provides the answer to the source of mass of the other particles. On March 14, 2012, physicists at CERN finally confirmed it, paving the way for the possible Nobel Prize nominations for those who conceptualized it and those who worked to discover it. So far amidst the excitement, what the physicists thought that the discovery would bring forth in the advancement in physics was nowhere to be found. With the author's publication of this book, the author is refuting the existence of the "God particle"-the Higgs boson. But more than that, this book is not even primarily written to refute the Higgs boson. Rather, this book presents new theories that will bring forth new advancements in physics, such as the true understanding of charge (Charge theory), New Model of an Atom (replaces the current model of an atom), source of mass of the particles (Mass theory), theory on the structure of the atom of the elements, Atom Law that will replace the Pauli Exclusion Principle, theory on the structure of quarks inside the proton and neutron (Quark theory), and the Theory of Everything that will revise the Standard Model and provide the understanding of the fundamental forces. (This book, together with the written but unpublished book on theory on light and the future to be written book on the theory on gravity will complete the Theory of Everything.) This book also challenges another contender for the Theory of Everything, the String Theory by showing (through Occam's razor) that we don't need a whimsical theory to explain our practical observable universe. To show the extent of change that this book brings, this book challenges the works by physicists that were even award the Nobel Prize. This book challenges the Bohr's and Schrodinger's Model of an Atom, nuclear shell model of an atom, Pauli Exclusion Principle (including the Aufbau Principle and the Hund's rule). Furthermore, as a Theory of Everything, this book also challenges quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and the Electroweak theory. For the physicists who are looking for the New Physics, this is the Real New Physics that will cause nothing short of a paradigm shift.

The Lecture series on Intermediate Structure in Nuclear Reactions was held in June 1966 at the University of Kentucky. Four lecturers had been invited to present series of three lectures each. Four lecturers had been invited to present series of three lectures each. Unfortunately, Dr. James E. Young was unable to attend the series. He did, however, submit a manuscript and we are fortunate to be able to have his approach represented in this volume. The three lecturers who did attend, Drs. R. H. Lemmer, L. Rodberg, and A. Lande, gave one lecture on each of the three days. The sessions were distributed through the day to allow ample time for discussion. The fact that the conference was small helped to stimulate exchanges between both lecturers and auditors. Some of the discussion sessions were nearly as long as the lectures which they followed.

A framework is adopted to encompass valid theories and data of the real world. The whole process of filling the data is described as an example model which takes three Chapters and one Appendix. Then are applied standard Numeric Computational Engineering modeling techniques to compute strings, stream of strings, strings of radiation, strings of four types of forces, strings of sub particles, strings of particles, strings of all elements of the Periodic Table, to end up with a proposed structure of the atomic nucleus from the bottom of the Planck Scale up to the macro scale and its significance to Cosmology. There was no found prior intent to present physical characteristic of strings and was assumed that it would be of value to continue modeling what best is known of the structure of matter. This process and its results are worth to analyze, not only because provides non-symbolic solution to problems but the emergence of new equations and formulas will be over time of generalized use. Physicists are aware of the limitations of symbolic string and super string theories, then modeling as engineers do could be of great importance, even if it is a step to perfection. The attraction of numerical computations resides in its simplicity and finality to prove truth.

In April of 2012 the Plutonium Sustainment program at LANL completed or addressed the following high-level activities: 1) Construction activities on the Low Voltage Electron Beam (LVEB) Welder and Analytical Chemistry gloveboxes have started, successfully closing out MRT L2 Milestone 4195; 2) Completed installation of the Surface Preparation unit in PF4. The unit will be functionally tested in May; 3) Completed casting of the first two near net shape W87 hemishells; 4) Delivered Revision 3 of the Plutonium Sustainment and Manufacturing Study; 5) Completed machining and inspecting the first set of Pollux parts on Precitech 1; 6) Attended the Pu Sustainment Second Quarter Mid-Year Review and the Pit Production Integrated Project Team meeting in Livermore, providing technical updates across the Plutonium Sustainment portfolio; 7) Analyzed the program impact of the LANL Voluntary Separation Program. The analysis determined an impact of 24.6 FTEs and a budget impact of approximately $3.2 Million Dollars of pull back; 8) The Power Supply Assembly Area project received a LANL Pollution Prevention "Gold" award in the category of Cradle-to-Cradle - Cleanouts. A gold award is presented to the number one project in its pollution prevention category. There are currently no major issues associated with achieving MRT L2 Milestones 4195-4198 or the relevant PBIs associated with Plutonium Sustainment. There are no budget issues associated with FY12 final budget guidance. Table 1 identifies all Baseline Change Requests (BCRs) that were initiated, in process, or completed during the month. The earned value metrics overall for LANL are within acceptable thresholds, so no high-level recovery plan is required.

RADIOACTIVE CLOUDS OF DEATH OVER UTAH

From 1950 to the 1958 moratorium on atmospheric testing, the Atomic Energy Commission detonated over 100 atomic bombs at the Nevada Test Site. The inhabitants of St. George, Utah--the so-called downwinders--were repeatedly in the fly zone of these toxic, windblown clouds--so much so that St. George became known nationwide as Fallout City, USA.

In the fall of 1979, Stewart Udall, along with a team of lawyers, came to St. George to announce plans for a class-action lawsuit against the United States because the local people were struggling with tragedies inflicted by a cancer epidemic foisted on them by the Atomic Energy Commission. After interviewing 125 people during a four-day period, the Washington lawyer said that cancer rates in the area were three or four times greater than normal.

Many people in southwestern Utah believe that thousands of citizens throughout the West are still dying from radiation-exposure inflicted on them by fallout from the Nevada Test Site during the 1950s.

The author has spent decades investigating the Test Site issues. He was living in St. George, Utah during the atmospheric testing period in the 1950s. He knows the people. He has read every local paper from the period, counted the tombstones, tracked the anecdotes to ground and studied the dozens of scientific studies on the impact of fallout on the health of the local people. This book is the result of that investigation.

The author, Dr. Daniel W. Miles, Professor Emeritus, Dixie State College, received his Ph.D. from the University of Utah in 1967. He taught upper division physics including radiation physics at Westminster College from 1968 to 1985 and continued his teaching career at Dixie State College. He is the author or coauthor of fortytwo publications in peer reviewed scientific journals.

The book uses to help students that study nuclear physics. The book contains 242 tasks and solutions in different fields, involving nuclear physics such as accelerators (which accelerate the particles and calculate the relative mass and velocity of the particle), nuclear reactors, nuclear fission inside the reactor core, radioactivity, decay of the particle such as alpha and beta, and gamma decay. Many tasks that include the radiation doses.

The book uses many of concepts such as: binding energy, kinetic energy and radius of nuclei, wavelength of the particle such as electron, proton and neutron. There are tasks about the density of nuclear material, heat equilibrium and collision, which occur between these particles and nuclei of the target, produce by these collision two types of scattering, they are elastic and inelastic scattering of the particle. The angle of the scattering plays an important role in the calculation of kinetic energy and momentum.

The book also includes appendix with tables of physical constants related to these tasks. This is includes a table of radioactive isotopes.

Student can be used this book to help him to develop his acknowledge of the many topics related to nuclear energy in general, and especially nuclear physics.

Neutrons are currently used across a vast extent of science. Neutron induced reaction cross-section is indispensable quantity of nuclear data, which is imperative in the applications of nuclear science and technologies. Precise resonance cross-sections are desired for the safety investigation, assessment of the neutron flux density, reaction rate, etc to drive the nuclear technologies such as nuclear power plant. Fission reaction cross-section is the key parameter for the feasibility studies and for designing next generation reactor. This book presents concrete concepts of neutron, neutron production, neutron induced reaction cross-sections, resonances and interrelated matters. Careful and detailed theoretical and contemporary experimental approaches of this text provide clear, correct, and up-to-date information in the field of neutron physics. With comprehensible discussion and numerous experimental results, this book adequately and widely covers all the major categories of neutron cross-sections.

A comprehensive and accessible guide to understanding how radiation affects our everyday lives

Nuclear energy, X-rays, radon, cell phones . . . radiation is part of the way we live on a daily basis, and yet the sources and repercussions of our exposure to it remain mysterious. Now Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Wayne Biddle offers a first-of-its-kind guide to understanding this fundamental aspect of the universe. From fallout to radiation poisoning, alpha particles to cosmic rays, Biddle illuminates the history, meaning, and health implications of one hundred scientific terms in succinct, witty essays. "A Field Guide to Radiation" is an essential, engaging handbook that offers wisdom and common sense for today's increasingly nuclear world.

This book dispels popular myths and misconceptions about the dangers of radiation and puts radiation exposures in perspective by showing how much radiation we receive from nature without harm. It also discusses the theories of radiation effects on health and the risks from various sources such as plutonium and the Fukushima reactor leaks.

This book proposes a long-term space program for solar system exploration and travel to the stars in an aggressive, cost-effective way. It develops a new multi-stage space gun to shoot large payloads cheaply into space up to 150+ kilometers. It proposes new types of nuclear rockets for cost-effective exploration in the solar system, and eventually for use on starships - "short range" nuclear rockets for the Solar System, and "long shelf life" nuclear rockets for starships. Also, it describes long shelf life nuclear reactors of new design that have hitherto not been developed. Most importantly, the book develops detailed, faster-than-light starship designs (qualitatively in the text - no math, and mathematically in appendices). The key to faster-than-light starships is a faster-than light ion thrust generated by quark-gluon plasmas. This book describes how quark-gluon plasmas can be created in high energy ion collisions and how they might be used for starship propulsion. Several possible starship designs are discussed in detail as well as a mechanism for artificial gravity for disc shaped and cigar shaped starships.

A landmark in the development of nuclear astrophysics, this work addresses interrelated questions - What are stars? How does the sun shine? - that have puzzled observers from time immemorial. 1957 edition.

Iodine induced stress corrosion cracking (I-SCC) in nuclear fuel rod sheathing is problematic for all nuclear reactors. The new Advanced CANDU Reactor (ACR) is discussed as a reactor design requiring related mitigation measures owing to a higher burn up and its unique refuelling scheme. A consequential release of iodine by the fuel pellets leads to stress corrosion induced failures and in extreme conditions can result in the release of radioactive contaminates into the atmosphere. This phenomenon is best exemplified by the disaster at the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Plant in Japan, March 2011, where melted fuel rods burnt holes in the containment vessels causing the release of radioactive iodine over land and the Pacific Ocean. This book develops a mechanistic kinetic model of the chemistry and thermodynamics in the fuel-to-sheath gap. The study also proposes remedies for I-SCC and suggests possible experimentation. The research in this book has been referenced in journal articles and conference proceedings. This book will be particularly useful as a reference source for professionals in the nuclear industry and others studying thermodynamics and kinetics.