This book provides a first integrated view of nanophotonics and plasmonics, covering the use of dielectric, semiconductor, and metal nanostructures to manipulate light at the nanometer scale. The presentation highlights similarities and advantages, and shows the common underlying physics, targets, and methodologies used for different materials (optically transparent materials for nanophotonics, vs opaque materials for plasmonics). Ultimately, the goal is to provide a basis for developing a unified platform for both fields. In addition to the fundamentals and detailed theoretical background, the book showcases the main device applications. Ching Eng (Jason) Png is Director of the Electronics and Photonics Department at the Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore. Yuriy A. Akimov is a scientist in the Electronics and Photonics Department at the Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore.

Learn Fourier and diffractive optics through examples and computer simulation

This book presents current theories of diffraction, imaging, and related topics based on Fourier analysis and synthesis techniques, which are essential for understanding, analyzing, and synthesizing modern imaging, optical communications and networking, and micro/nano systems. The author demonstrates how these theories become the foundation for a number of practical applications, including: Tomography Magnetic resonance imaging Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and interferometric SAR Optical communications and networking devices, such as directional couplers in fiber and integrated optics, dense wavelength division multiplexing and demimultiplexing systems Computer-generated holograms and analog holograms Wireless systems using EM waves Micro/nano systems requiring rigorous diffraction analysis

"Diffraction, Fourier Optics and Imaging" takes an innovative approach that focuses on the use of examples and computer simulations. This approach emerged from the author's course notes and has been refined during his many years of classroom experience. Readers are given clear and concise explanations of theory, and examples that demonstrate the practical applications of theory are provided. Finally, readers are given exercises, ranging from simple to complex, to apply their knowledge to solving real-world problems. Many of the exercises and examples are solved using MATLAB(R), enabling readers to perform highly complex computational tasks through software simulation.

This book is ideal for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in electrical engineering and physics. Its many examples and topics withcomputer simulation show students how an understanding of Fourier analysis can be applied in a broad range of fields in science and technology. Engineers and scientists particularly related to optical engineering, micro/nano systems and fiber optic communications/networking will find this an excellent resource that sheds new light on how to resolve key problems in imaging.

Polarization methods for the study of the light scattering properties of various disperse media have hitherto only been reviewed in specialist journals relating to the fields of geophysics, astrophysics and optics. The only texts in this field are devoted to specific topics and do not cover the subject as a whole. In this book the author presents for the first time, the main results obtained in the field of polarization optics in a wide range of application areas. These will be used widely in different branches of modern science and technology over the next century. It is expected that this book will stimulate studies in the field and attract new people to this interesting field of research.

Since its publication more than 15 years ago, Heat Conduction Using Green s Functions has become the consummate heat conduction treatise from the perspective of Green s functions and the newly revised Second Edition is poised to take its place. Based on the authors own research and classroom experience with the material, this book organizes the solution of heat conduction and diffusion problems through the use of Green s functions, making these valuable principles more accessible. As in the first edition, this book applies extensive tables of Green s functions and related integrals, and all chapters have been updated and revised for the second edition, many extensively.

Details how to access the accompanying Green s Function Library site, a useful web-searchable collection of GFs based on the appendices in this book

The book reflects the authors conviction that although Green s functions were discovered in the nineteenth century, they remain directly relevant to 21st-century engineers and scientists. It chronicles the authors continued search for new GFs and novel ways to apply them to heat conduction.

New features of this latest edition

• Expands the introduction to Green s functions, both steady and unsteady
• Adds a section on the Dirac Delta Function
• Includes a discussion of the eigenfunction expansion method, as well as sections on the convergence speed of series solutions, and the importance of alternate GF
• Adds a section on intrinsic verification, an important new tool for obtaining correct numerical values from analytical solutions

A main goal of the first edition was to make GFs more accessible. To facilitate this objective, one of the authors has created a companion Internet site called the Green s Function Library, a web-searchable collection of GFs. Based on the appendices in this book, this library is organized by differential equation, geometry, and boundary condition. Each GF is also identified and cataloged according to a GF numbering system. The library also contains explanatory material, references, and links to related sites, all of which supplement the value of Heat Conduction Using Green s Functions, Second Edition as a powerful tool for understanding."

Machines increasingly pervade the mining industry, reducing manual labor and raising production. While the use of new technologies such as remote control, vision enhancement technologies, continuous haulage, and automated equipment has grown, so has the potential for new health and safety risks. Written by leading experts from Australia and North America, Human Factors for the Design, Operation, and Maintenance of Mining Equipment covers the impact of new mining technology on human work performance and safety. Ergonomics experts Tim John Horberry, Robin Burgess-Limerick, and Lisa J. Steiner draw on their personal experience to provide up-to-date research, case studies, and examples, making the book useful, accurate, informative, and easy to read. They set the scene with a general, yet fundamental review of human factors information related to equipment. They then examine the physical environment and the importance of key concerns such as vibration, noise, heat, and dust in maintaining and operating mining equipment. The authors expand their scope by examining wider organizational and task factors related to mining equipment, including the long-standing issues of operator fatigue and stress as well as newer concerns such as distraction and information overload. A synthesis of available human factors knowledge and research, the book describes human factors principles applied to mining equipment from a multidisciplinary perspective and combines it into one volume. The authors combine their in-the-trenches experience and academic expertise to present a treatment that balances breadth with depth. The book supplies a much-needed overview of the human element in the journey to optimal equipment design of mining equipment.

"a detailed, cognizant account of numerous crucial aspects of optical microring resonators" - Amr S. Helmy, Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto "an excellent choice for gaining an insight into the vast potential of microring resonators" - Jalil Ali, Professor, Laser Center ISI-SIR, University of Technology, Malaysia "a thorough treatment... appeal[s] to a wide range of audiences" - L. Jay Guo, Professor of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The University of Michigan The field of microring resonator research has seen tremendous growth over the past decade, with microring resonators now becoming a ubiquitous element in integrated photonics technology. This book fills the need for a cohesive and comprehensive treatment of the subject, given its importance and the proliferation of new research in the field. The expert author has as an introductory guide for beginners as well as a reference source for more experienced researchers. This book aims to fulfill this need by providing a concise and detailed treatment of the fundamental concepts and theories that underpin the various applications. To appeal to as wide a readership as possible, major areas of applications of microring resonators will also be covered in depth.

This text provides an introduction to the important physics underpinning current technologies, highlighting key concepts in areas that include linear and rotational motion, energy, work, power, heat, temperature, fluids, waves, and magnetism. This revision reflects the latest technology advances, from smart phones to the Internet of Things, and all kinds of sensors. The author also provides more modern worked examples with useful appendices and laboratories for hands-on practice. There are also two brand new chapters covering sensors as well as electric fields and electromagnetic radiation as applied to current technologies.

Masers and Lasers: An Historical Approach examines the progress of research and practical use of lasers chronologically, covering the fundamental science in detail alongside fascinating biographical sketches of famous physicists and summaries of seminal papers. It supplies helpful drawings of prototype devices, conceptual diagrams to aid in understanding, and remarkable historical photographs. This Second Edition contains new chapters on ultrashort pulse lasers and nonlinear optics, incorporates the latest developments and insights from key scientists, and includes extensive updates on fiber lasers, amplifiers, ultraviolet and X-ray lasers, and plasmonic lasers.

"This engagingly written text provides a useful pedagogical introduction to an extensive class of geometrical phenomena in the optics of polarization and phase, including simple explanations of much of the underlying mathematics." -Michael Berry, University of Bristol, UK "The author covers a vast number of topics in great detail, with a unifying mathematical treatment. It will be a useful reference for both beginners and experts...." -Enrique Galvez, Charles A. Dana Professor of Physics and Astronomy, Colgate University "a firm and comprehensive grounding both for those looking to acquaint themselves with the field and those of us that need reminding of the things we thought we knew, but hitherto did not understand: an essential point of reference." -Miles Padgett, Kelvin Chair of Natural Philosophy and Vice Principal (Research), University of Glasgow This book focuses on the various forms of wavefield singularities, including optical vortices and polarization singularities, as well as orbital angular momentum and associated applications. It highlights how an understanding of singular optics provides a completely different way to look at light. Whereas traditional optics focuses on the shape and structure of the non-zero portions of the wavefield, singular optics describes a wave's properties from its null regions. The contents cover the three main areas of the field: the study of generic features of wavefields, determination of unusual properties of vortices and wavefields that contain singularities, and practical applications of vortices and other singularities.

The significance of the development of solid-state lighting was underscored by the award of a Nobel Prize in 2014. It is important to build upon this work and to produce practical and versatile sources of quantum light, because these are essential components for the advancement of quantum photonic devices. These devices, in turn, promise new technologies that have the potential to revolutionize society. This book explores various ways of coupling quantum light into, and out of, solid-state emitters. The research presented here has led to important discoveries that will help overcome major challenges in this field.

Optoelectronic devices are now ubiquitous in our daily lives, from light emitting diodes (LEDs) in many household appliances to solar cells for energy. This handbook shows how we can probe the underlying and highly complex physical processes using modern mathematical models and numerical simulation for optoelectronic device design, analysis, and performance optimization. It reflects the wide availability of powerful computers and advanced commercial software, which have opened the door for non-specialists to perform sophisticated modeling and simulation tasks. The chapters comprise the know-how of more than a hundred experts from all over the world. The handbook is an ideal starting point for beginners but also gives experienced researchers the opportunity to renew and broaden their knowledge in this expanding field.

Major developments in the semiconductor industry are on the horizon through the use of two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, for integrated circuits (ICs). 2D Materials for Nanoelectronics is the first comprehensive treatment of these materials and their applications in nanoelectronic devices. Comprised of chapters authored by internationally recognised researchers, this book: Discusses the use of graphene for high-frequency analog circuits Explores logic and photonic applications of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) Addresses novel 2D materials including silicene, germanene, stanene, and phosphorene Considers the use of 2D materials for both field-effect transistors (FETs) and logic circuits Provides background on the simulation of structural, electronic, and transport properties from first principles 2D Materials for Nanoelectronics presents extensive, state-of-the-art coverage of the fundamental and applied aspects of this exciting field.

Birefringent Thin Films and Polarizing Elements (2nd Edition) includes the significant advances that have been made since the first book on tilted-columnar films was published. The major discovery of serial bideposition has led to a normal-columnar nanostructure with enhanced birefringence and in turn to nanoengineered handed films with properties matching the left-circular reflectors of scarab beetles. A second version of the Matlab software that accompanies the book includes algorithms for computing material, electromagnetic and optical properties of isotropic, birefringent and chiral films. A set of numerical and experimental examples chosen to illustrate and generate interest in these new fields will be of interest to graduate students and to researchers in optics.

The Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) is the next-generation multispectral imaging instrument to fly on US operational, polar-orbiting meteorological satellites. VIIRS will gather data across 22 spectral bands and be used to create products for a variety of applications including weather forecasting and climate change studies. VIIRS consolidates the best features of heritage instruments, including near-constant resolution and nighttime visible imagery. Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite: A New Operational Cloud Imager provides the first comprehensive guide on the design and exploitation of cloud data collected by the VIIRS. Expert researchers Hutchison and Cracknell discuss the fundamental principles necessary to interpret surface and cloud features in multispectral meteorological satellite imagery. They begin by tracing the evolution of satellite meteorology and detailing previous instruments on which VIIRS is based. Next, they examine the user requirements for VIIRS data products and the studies used to convert these requirements into sensor design parameters. The focus then shifts to the principles and techniques used to exploit VIIRS cloud data. The book ends with a comprehensive discussion of automated processes to retrieve 3-dimensional cloud fields from a variety of algorithms, some of which were developed for the VIIRS. Supplying material for both experienced researchers and those new to the field, Visible Infrared Imager Radiometer Suite is a must-read for anyone interested in evaluating and using the data gathered from the VIIRS project.

LIG is a revolutionary technique that uses a common CO2 infrared laser scriber, like the one used in any machine shop, for the direct conversion of polymers into porous graphene under ambient conditions. This technique combines the preparation and patterning of 3D graphene in a single step, without the use of wet chemicals. The ease in the structural engineering and excellent mechanical properties of the 3D graphene obtained have made LIG a versatile technique for applications across many fields. This book compiles cutting-edge research on LIG by different research groups all over the world. It discusses the strategies that have been developed to synthesize and engineer graphene, including controlling its properties such as porosity, composition, and surface characteristics. The authors are pioneers in the discovery and development of LIG and the book will appeal to anyone involved in nanotechnology, chemistry, environmental sciences, and device development, especially those with an interest in the synthesis and applications of graphene-based materials.

This book provides an overview of research achievements by industry experts and academic scientists in the subject area of Optoelectronics Technology and Industry. It covers a broad field ranging from Laser Technology and Applications, Optical Communications, Optoelectronic Devices and Integration, Energy Harvesting, to Medical and Biological Applications. Authored by highly-regarded researchers, contributing a wealth of knowledge on Photonics and Optoelectronics, this comprehensive collection of papers offers insight into innovative technologies, recent advances and future trends needed to develop effective research and manage projects. Researchers will benefit considerably when applying the technical information covered in this book.

Handbook of Optoelectronics offers a self-contained reference from the basic science and light sources to devices and modern applications across the entire spectrum of disciplines utilizing optoelectronic technologies. This second edition gives a complete update of the original work with a focus on systems and applications. Volume I covers the details of optoelectronic devices and techniques including semiconductor lasers, optical detectors and receivers, optical fiber devices, modulators, amplifiers, integrated optics, LEDs, and engineered optical materials with brand new chapters on silicon photonics, nanophotonics, and graphene optoelectronics. Volume II addresses the underlying system technologies enabling state-of-the-art communications, imaging, displays, sensing, data processing, energy conversion, and actuation. Volume III is brand new to this edition, focusing on applications in infrastructure, transport, security, surveillance, environmental monitoring, military, industrial, oil and gas, energy generation and distribution, medicine, and free space. No other resource in the field comes close to its breadth and depth, with contributions from leading industrial and academic institutions around the world. Whether used as a reference, research tool, or broad-based introduction to the field, the Handbook offers everything you need to get started. John P. Dakin, PhD, is professor (emeritus) at the Optoelectronics Research Centre, University of Southampton, UK. Robert G. W. Brown, PhD, is chief executive officer of the American Institute of Physics and an adjunct full professor in the Beckman Laser Institute and Medical Clinic at the University of California, Irvine.

This highly comprehensive, introductory book explains the basics of structural health monitoring aspects of composite structures. This book serve as an all-in-one reference book in which the reader can receive a basic understanding of composite materials, manufacturing methods, the latest types of optical fiber sensors used for structural health monitoring of composite structures, and demonstrated applications of the use of fiber sensors in a variety of composite material structures. The content draws upon the authors' and distinguished contributors' extensive research/teaching and industrial experience to fully cover the structural health monitoring of composite materials using fiber optic sensing methods.

Photoacoustics promises to revolutionize medical imaging and may well make as dramatic a contribution to modern medicine as the discovery of the x-ray itself once did. Combining electromagnetic and ultrasonic waves synergistically, photoacoustics can provide deep speckle-free imaging with high electromagnetic contrast at high ultrasonic resolution and without any health risk. While photoacoustic imaging is probably the fastest growing biomedical imaging technology, this book is the first comprehensive volume in this emerging field covering both the physics and the remarkable noninvasive applications that are changing diagnostic medicine. Bringing together the leading pioneers in this field to write about their own work, Photoacoustic Imaging and Spectroscopy is the first to provide a full account of the latest research and developing applications in the area of biomedical photoacoustics. Photoacoustics can provide functional sensing of physiological parameters such as the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. It can also provide high-contrast functional imaging of angiogenesis and hypermetabolism in tumors in vivo. Discussing these remarkable noninvasive applications and so much more, this reference is essential reading for all researchers in medical imaging and those clinicians working at the cutting-edge of modern biotechnology to develop diagnostic techniques that can save many lives and just as importantly do no harm.

Reviews in Plasmonics 2010, the first volume of the new book serial from Springer, serves as a comprehensive collection of current trends and emerging hot topics in the field of Plasmonics and closely related disciplines. It summarizes the year's progress in surface plasmon phenomena and its applications, with authoritative analytical reviews specialized enough to be attractive to professional researchers, yet also appealing to the wider audience of scientists in related disciplines of Plasmonics. Reviews in Plasmonics offers an essential reference material for any lab working in the Plasmonics field and related areas. All academics, bench scientists, and industry professionals wishing to take advantage of the latest and greatest in the continuously emerging field of Plasmonics will find it an invaluable resource. Key features: Accessible utility in a single volume reference. Chapters authored by known leading figures in the Plasmonics field. New volume publishes annually. Comprehensive coverage of the year's hottest and emerging topics. Reviews in Plasmonics 2011 topics include: Metal Nanoparticles for Molecular Plasmonics. Surface Plasmon Resonance based Fiber Optic Sensors. Elastic Light Scattering of Biopolymer/Gold Nanoparticles Fractal Aggregates. Influence of electron quantum confinement on the electronic response of metal/metal interfaces. Melting Transitions of DNA-Capped Gold Nanoparticle Assemblies. Nanomaterial Based Long Range Optical Ruler for Monitoring Biomolecular Activities. Plasmonic Gold and Silver Films: Selective Enhancement of Chromophore Raman Scattering or Plasmon-Assisted Fluorescence.

Since the invention of the laser, the variety of lasers and their uses have grown at a phenomenal rate. Scientists and engineers have at their disposal an enormous array of sophisticated laser equipments with the possibility of carrying out experiments that were inconceivable only a few decades ago. Lasers for Scientists and Engineers is a grand and glorious book that discusses the principles of laser operation and the details of how selected lasers operate.This book is short and easy to read, enabling the reader to thoroughly grasp the subject, with discussions that begin at an elementary level and lead to a complete understanding of lasers. This book is suitable for a one semester college course for upper-level undergraduate or first year graduate level students in physics, chemistry, biology, astronomy, and the various fields of engineering. The background needed for this book would be junior level courses in optics and modern physics including elementary quantum mechanics.

In the past ten years, heteroepitaxy has continued to increase in importance with the explosive growth of the electronics industry and the development of a myriad of heteroepitaxial devices for solid state lighting, green energy, displays, communications, and digital computing. Our ever-growing understanding of the basic physics and chemistry underlying heteroepitaxy, especially lattice relaxation and dislocation dynamic, has enabled an ever-increasing emphasis on metamorphic devices. To reflect this focus, two all-new chapters have been included in this new edition. One chapter addresses metamorphic buffer layers, and the other covers metamorphic devices. The remaining seven chapters have been revised extensively with new material on crystal symmetry and relationships, III-nitride materials, lattice relaxation physics and models, in-situ characterization, and reciprocal space maps.

Create Genuine Visual Realism in Computer Graphics Digital Representations of the Real World: How to Capture, Model, and Render Visual Reality explains how to portray visual worlds with a high degree of realism using the latest video acquisition technology, computer graphics methods, and computer vision algorithms. It explores the integration of new capture modalities, reconstruction approaches, and visual perception into the computer graphics pipeline. Understand the Entire Pipeline from Acquisition, Reconstruction, and Modeling to Realistic Rendering and Applications The book covers sensors for capturing 3D scenes, including regular cameras, wide-angle omnidirectional cameras, active range scanners, and plenoptic (multi-viewpoint) cameras, as well as fundamental algorithms for processing the imagery, such as stereo correspondence and 3D structure and motion recovery. It describes 3D modeling techniques, from generic object models (such as 3D meshes) to more domain-specific models (such as human shape and motion models). The book also discusses how techniques, including image- and video-based rendering, meet speed and realism requirements. Overcome Challenges in Your Own Research Experiments This book is both an accessible introduction to the emerging research of real-world visual computing and a practical guide that shows you how to start implementing frequently encountered methods.

Since the invention of the first working laser in 1960, development of these devices has progressed at an unprecedented rate, to the extent that the laser is now a common part of everyday life, from the semiconductor laser used in CD players and telecommunication systems to the high power eximer lasers used in manufacturing processes. This book traces the history of the laser, from the first theoretical predictions of stimulated emission made in the 1920s, through the experimental development of masers and lasers in the 50s and 60s, to the advanced applications of lasers in the present day. Along the way it tells the fascinating and at times controversial story of the people behind the discoveries. Written in a style suitable for the general public, it will be of interest to those working within the laser community, and to anyone with an interest in the history of science.