Since its publication more than 15 years ago, Heat Conduction Using Green s Functions has become the consummate heat conduction treatise from the perspective of Green s functions and the newly revised Second Edition is poised to take its place. Based on the authors own research and classroom experience with the material, this book organizes the solution of heat conduction and diffusion problems through the use of Green s functions, making these valuable principles more accessible. As in the first edition, this book applies extensive tables of Green s functions and related integrals, and all chapters have been updated and revised for the second edition, many extensively.

Details how to access the accompanying Green s Function Library site, a useful web-searchable collection of GFs based on the appendices in this book

The book reflects the authors conviction that although Green s functions were discovered in the nineteenth century, they remain directly relevant to 21st-century engineers and scientists. It chronicles the authors continued search for new GFs and novel ways to apply them to heat conduction.

New features of this latest edition

• Expands the introduction to Green s functions, both steady and unsteady
• Adds a section on the Dirac Delta Function
• Includes a discussion of the eigenfunction expansion method, as well as sections on the convergence speed of series solutions, and the importance of alternate GF
• Adds a section on intrinsic verification, an important new tool for obtaining correct numerical values from analytical solutions

A main goal of the first edition was to make GFs more accessible. To facilitate this objective, one of the authors has created a companion Internet site called the Green s Function Library, a web-searchable collection of GFs. Based on the appendices in this book, this library is organized by differential equation, geometry, and boundary condition. Each GF is also identified and cataloged according to a GF numbering system. The library also contains explanatory material, references, and links to related sites, all of which supplement the value of Heat Conduction Using Green s Functions, Second Edition as a powerful tool for understanding."

The XIX International Conference on Laser Spectroscopy, one of the leading conferences in the very diverse and still growing field of laser spectroscopy, was held in Hokkaido, Japan, on June 7-12, 2009. This volume, comprising a collection of invited contributions presented at the conference, will report on the latest developments in the area of laser spectroscopy and related fields: cold atoms and molecules, degenerate quantum gases, quantum optics, quantum information processing, precision measurements, atomic clock, ultra-fast lasers and strong field phenomena, and novel spectroscopic applications.

This book presents theoretical treatments on various electronic and atomic processes in non-metallic materials from a unified point of view. It starts with the basic properties of semiconductors, treating the system as a macroscopic association of electrons and ions. In their ground state, fruitful results are derived, such as the band theory for electrons in a periodic lattice and a useful concept of "hole." The electron-lattice interaction is then introduced as a dynamical response of condensed matter when it is electronically excited. With the aid of proper configuration coordinate diagrams, various phenomena are precisely examined, including carrier scattering, polaron formation, lattice relaxation, Stokes shift and phonon side band in optical spectrum, intrinsic and extrinsic self-trapping, and structural changes. The book provides readers a deep understanding of the physics underlying these phenomena and excellent insight to develop their further research. Graduate students who have finished the basic study on solid-state physics and quantum mechanics and research scientists and engineers in materials science and engineering will benefit immensely from it.

This monograph offers a comprehensive overview of diverse quantization phenomena in layered materials, covering current mainstream experimental and theoretical research studies, and presenting essential properties of layered materials along with a wealth of figures. This book illustrates commonly used synthesis methods of these 2D materials and compares the calculated results and experimental measurements, including novel features not yet reported. The book also discusses experimental measurements of magnetic quantization, theoretical modeling for studying systems and covers diversified magneto-electronic properties, magneto-optical selection rules, unusual quantum Hall conductivities, and single- and many-particle magneto-Coulomb excitations. Rich and unique behaviors are clearly revealed in few-layer graphene systems with distinct stacking configuration, stacking-modulated structures, silicon-doped lattices, bilayer silicene/germanene systems with the bottom-top and bottom-bottom buckling structures, monolayer and bilayer phosphorene systems, and quantum topological insulators. The generalized tight-binding model, the static and dynamic Kubo formulas, and the random-phase approximation are developed/modified to thoroughly explore the fundamental properties and propose the concise physical pictures. Different high-resolution experimental measurements are discussed in detail, and they are consistent with the theoretical predictions. Aimed at readers working in materials science, physics, and engineering this book should be useful for potential applications in energy storage, electronic devices, and optoelectronic devices.

Organized as a mini-encyclopedia of infrared optoelectronic applications, this long awaited new edition of an industry standard updates and expands on the groundbreaking work of its predecessor. Pioneering experts, responsible for many advancements in the field, provide engineers with a fundamental understanding of semiconductor physics and the technical information needed to design infrared optoelectronic devices.

Fully revised to reflect current developments in the field, Optoelectronics: Infrared-Visible-Ultraviolet Devices and Applications, Second Edition reviews relevant semiconductor fundamentals, including device physics, from an optoelectronic industry perspective. This easy-reading text provides a practical engineering introduction to optoelectronic LEDs and silicon sensor technology for the infrared, visible, and ultraviolet portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Utilizing a practical and efficient engineering approach throughout, the text supplies design engineers and technical management with quick and uncluttered access to the technical information needed to design new systems.

Photoacoustics promises to revolutionize medical imaging and may well make as dramatic a contribution to modern medicine as the discovery of the x-ray itself once did. Combining electromagnetic and ultrasonic waves synergistically, photoacoustics can provide deep speckle-free imaging with high electromagnetic contrast at high ultrasonic resolution and without any health risk. While photoacoustic imaging is probably the fastest growing biomedical imaging technology, this book is the first comprehensive volume in this emerging field covering both the physics and the remarkable noninvasive applications that are changing diagnostic medicine. Bringing together the leading pioneers in this field to write about their own work, Photoacoustic Imaging and Spectroscopy is the first to provide a full account of the latest research and developing applications in the area of biomedical photoacoustics. Photoacoustics can provide functional sensing of physiological parameters such as the oxygen saturation of hemoglobin. It can also provide high-contrast functional imaging of angiogenesis and hypermetabolism in tumors in vivo. Discussing these remarkable noninvasive applications and so much more, this reference is essential reading for all researchers in medical imaging and those clinicians working at the cutting-edge of modern biotechnology to develop diagnostic techniques that can save many lives and just as importantly do no harm.

This comprehensive handbook gives a fully updated guide to lasers and laser technologies, including the complete range of their technical applications. This forth volume covers laser applications in the medical, metrology and communications fields. Key Features: * Offers a complete update of the original, bestselling work, including many brand-new chapters. * Deepens the introduction to fundamentals, from laser design and fabrication to host matrices for solid-state lasers, energy level diagrams, hosting materials, dopant energy levels, and lasers based on nonlinear effects. * Covers new laser types, including quantum cascade lasers, silicon-based lasers, titanium sapphire lasers, terahertz lasers, bismuth-doped fiber lasers, and diode-pumped alkali lasers. * Discusses the latest applications, e.g., lasers in microscopy, high-speed imaging, attosecond metrology, 3D printing, optical atomic clocks, time-resolved spectroscopy, polarization and profile measurements, pulse measurements, and laser-induced fluorescence detection. * Adds new sections on laser materials processing, laser spectroscopy, lasers in imaging, lasers in environmental sciences, and lasers in communications. This handbook is the ideal companion for scientists, engineers, and students working with lasers, including those in optics, electrical engineering, physics, chemistry, biomedicine, and other relevant areas.

This comprehensive handbook gives a fully updated guide to lasers and laser technologies, including the complete range of their technical applications. The first volume outlines the fundamental components of lasers, their properties, and working principles. Key Features: * Offers a complete update of the original, bestselling work, including many brand-new chapters. * Deepens the introduction to fundamentals, from laser design and fabrication to host matrices for solid-state lasers, energy level diagrams, hosting materials, dopant energy levels, and lasers based on nonlinear effects. * Covers new laser types, including quantum cascade lasers, silicon-based lasers, titanium sapphire lasers, terahertz lasers, bismuth-doped fiber lasers, and diode-pumped alkali lasers. * Discusses the latest applications, e.g., lasers in microscopy, high-speed imaging, attosecond metrology, 3D printing, optical atomic clocks, time-resolved spectroscopy, polarization and profile measurements, pulse measurements, and laser-induced fluorescence detection. * Adds new sections on laser materials processing, laser spectroscopy, lasers in imaging, lasers in environmental sciences, and lasers in communications. This handbook is the ideal companion for scientists, engineers, and students working with lasers, including those in optics, electrical engineering, physics, chemistry, biomedicine, and other relevant areas.

This comprehensive handbook gives a fully updated guide to lasers and laser systems, including the complete range of their technical applications. The first volume outlines the fundamental components of lasers, their properties and working principles. The second volume gives exhaustive coverage of all major categories of lasers, from solid-state and semiconductor diode to fiber, waveguide, gas, chemical, and dye lasers. The third volume covers modern applications in engineering and technology, including all new and updated case studies spanning telecommunications and data storage to medicine, optical measurement, defense and security, nanomaterials processing and characterization.

This comprehensive handbook gives a fully updated guide to lasers and laser technologies, including the complete range of their technical applications. This third volume covers modern applications in engineering and technology, including all new and updated case studies spanning telecommunications and data storage to medicine, optical measurement, defense and security, nanomaterials processing and characterization. Key Features: * Offers a complete update of the original, bestselling work, including many brand-new chapters. * Deepens the introduction to fundamentals, from laser design and fabrication to host matrices for solid-state lasers, energy level diagrams, hosting materials, dopant energy levels, and lasers based on nonlinear effects. * Covers new laser types, including quantum cascade lasers, silicon-based lasers, titanium sapphire lasers, terahertz lasers, bismuth-doped fiber lasers, and diode-pumped alkali lasers. * Discusses the latest applications, e.g., lasers in microscopy, high-speed imaging, attosecond metrology, 3D printing, optical atomic clocks, time-resolved spectroscopy, polarization and profile measurements, pulse measurements, and laser-induced fluorescence detection. * Adds new sections on laser materials processing, laser spectroscopy, lasers in imaging, lasers in environmental sciences, and lasers in communications. This handbook is the ideal companion for scientists, engineers, and students working with lasers, including those in optics, electrical engineering, physics, chemistry, biomedicine, and other relevant areas.

Reviews in Plasmonics 2010, the first volume of the new book serial from Springer, serves as a comprehensive collection of current trends and emerging hot topics in the field of Plasmonics and closely related disciplines. It summarizes the year's progress in surface plasmon phenomena and its applications, with authoritative analytical reviews specialized enough to be attractive to professional researchers, yet also appealing to the wider audience of scientists in related disciplines of Plasmonics. Reviews in Plasmonics offers an essential reference material for any lab working in the Plasmonics field and related areas. All academics, bench scientists, and industry professionals wishing to take advantage of the latest and greatest in the continuously emerging field of Plasmonics will find it an invaluable resource. Key features: Accessible utility in a single volume reference. Chapters authored by known leading figures in the Plasmonics field. New volume publishes annually. Comprehensive coverage of the year's hottest and emerging topics. Reviews in Plasmonics 2011 topics include: Metal Nanoparticles for Molecular Plasmonics. Surface Plasmon Resonance based Fiber Optic Sensors. Elastic Light Scattering of Biopolymer/Gold Nanoparticles Fractal Aggregates. Influence of electron quantum confinement on the electronic response of metal/metal interfaces. Melting Transitions of DNA-Capped Gold Nanoparticle Assemblies. Nanomaterial Based Long Range Optical Ruler for Monitoring Biomolecular Activities. Plasmonic Gold and Silver Films: Selective Enhancement of Chromophore Raman Scattering or Plasmon-Assisted Fluorescence.

Structural colorations originate from self-organized microstructures, which interact with light in a complex way to produce brilliant colors seen everywhere in nature. Research in this field is extremely new and has been rapidly growing in the last 10 years, because the elaborate structures created in nature can now be fabricated through various types of nanotechnologies. Indeed, a fundamental book covering this field from biological, physical, and engineering viewpoints has long been expected.Coloring in nature comes mostly from inherent colors of materials, though it sometimes has a purely physical origin such as diffraction or interference of light. The latter, called structural color or iridescence, has long been a problem of scientific interest. Recently, structural colors have attracted great interest because various photonic architectures, now developing in modern technologies, have been spontaneously created in the self-organization process and have been extensively used as one of the important visual functions. In this book, the fundamental optical properties underlying structural colors are explained, and these mysteries of nature are surveyed from the viewpoint of biological diversity and according to their sophisticated structures. The book proposes a general principle of structural colors based on the structural hierarchy and presents up-to-date applications.

This book is the first of its kind to devote itself at this level to the key role played by light and electromagnetic radiation in the universe. Readers are introduced to philosophical hypotheses such as the economy, symmetry, and universality of natural laws, and are then guided to practical consequences such as the rules of geometrical optics and even Einstein's well-known but mysterious relationship, E = mc2. Most chapters feature a pen picture of the life and character of a relevant scientific figure. These "Historical Interludes" include, among others, Galileo's conflicts with the Inquisition, Fourier's taunting of the guillotine, Neils Bohr and World War II, and the unique character of Richard Feynman.Going one step beyond the popular level, this easy-to-read book gives an overall view to undergraduate and postgraduate physics students that is often missing when trying to assimilate the technical details of their courses. Through its original treatment of topics and enjoyable style of writing, it will also stimulate keen interest in general readers who are interested in science and have a basic mathematics background as well as teachers looking for basic and accurate background information.

Speckle study constitutes a multidisciplinary area with inherent complexities. In order to conquer challenges such as the variability of samples and sensitive measurements, researchers must develop a theoretical and statistical understanding of both biological and non-biological metrology using dynamic speckle laser. Dynamic Laser Speckle and Applications discusses the main methodologies used to analyze biospeckle phenomena with a strong focus on experimentation. After establishing a theoretical background in both speckle and biospeckle, the book presents the main methodologies for statistical and image analysis. It then deals with the concept of frequency decomposition before moving on to a discussion of fuzzy methods to treat dynamic speckle data. The book dedicates two sections to applications, including agricultural approaches. Additional features include photo images of experiments and software to aid in easy start-up of dynamic speckle usage. A systematic approach to new dynamic speckle laser phenomena, this book provides the physical theory and statistical background needed to analyze images formed by laser illumination in biological and non-biological samples.

This comprehensive handbook set gives a fully updated guide to lasers and laser systems, including the complete range of their technical applications. The first volume outlines the fundamental components of lasers, their properties and working principles. The second volume gives exhaustive coverage of all major categories of lasers, from solid-state and semiconductor diode to fiber, waveguide, gas, chemical, and dye lasers. The third volume covers modern applications in engineering and technology, including all new and updated case studies spanning telecommunications and data storage to medicine, optical measurement, defense and security, nanomaterials processing and characterization. The forth volume covers laser applications in the medical, metrology and communications fields.

"How large are the differences between the two samples to be matched?" "Can I use the measurement technique to help reproduce the color of a sample?" These two questions can be critical to the successful completion of a sale or the budgeting of a product, run, but they are not always easily answered. Some color measurement software systems give the appearance of greater accuracy than they can actually deliver. Practical Color Measurement tells you everything you need to know about the principles and limitations of computerized color measuring systems. Mathematics and optical theory are kept to a minimum, replaced by numerous real-life examples based on normal production samples, detailed tables, and the practical knowledge gained by Anni Berger-Schunn through many years of professional experience and research. You will learn how to:

• Apply critical analysis to the numbers supplied by color measurement systems
• Determine just how large the difference between two samples is Use the measuring technique to help reproduce the color of a sample And more

Focusing on the unresolved debate between Newton and Huygens from 300 years ago, The Nature of Light: What is a Photon? discusses the reality behind enigmatic photons. It explores the fundamental issues pertaining to light that still exist today.

Gathering contributions from globally recognized specialists in electrodynamics and quantum optics, the book begins by clearly presenting the mainstream view of the nature of light and photons. It then provides a new and challenging scientific epistemology that explains how to overcome the prevailing paradoxes and confusions arising from the accepted definition of a photon as a monochromatic Fourier mode of the vacuum. The book concludes with an array of experiments that demonstrate the innovative thinking needed to examine the wave-particle duality of photons.

Looking at photons from both mainstream and out-of-box viewpoints, this volume is sure to inspire the next generation of quantum optics scientists and engineers to go beyond theCopenhagen interpretation and formulate new conceptual ideas about light-matter interactions and substantiate them through inventive applications.

This concise and carefully developed text offers a reader friendly guide to the basics of time-resolved spectroscopy with an emphasis on experimental implementation. The authors carefully explain and relate for the reader how measurements are connected to the core physical principles. They use the time-dependent wave packet as a building block for understanding quantum dynamics, progressively advancing to more complex topics. The topics are discussed in paired sections, one discussing the theory and the next presenting the related experimental methods. A wide range of readers including students and newcomers to the field will gain a clear and practical understanding of how to measure aspects of molecular dynamics such as wave packet motion, intramolecular vibrational relaxation, and electron-electron coupling, and how to describe such measurements mathematically.

Major developments in the semiconductor industry are on the horizon through the use of two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, for integrated circuits (ICs). 2D Materials for Nanoelectronics is the first comprehensive treatment of these materials and their applications in nanoelectronic devices. Comprised of chapters authored by internationally recognised researchers, this book: Discusses the use of graphene for high-frequency analog circuits Explores logic and photonic applications of molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) Addresses novel 2D materials including silicene, germanene, stanene, and phosphorene Considers the use of 2D materials for both field-effect transistors (FETs) and logic circuits Provides background on the simulation of structural, electronic, and transport properties from first principles 2D Materials for Nanoelectronics presents extensive, state-of-the-art coverage of the fundamental and applied aspects of this exciting field.

Mixed-Signal Circuits offers a thoroughly modern treatment of integrated circuit design in the context of mixed-signal applications. Featuring chapters authored by leading experts from industry and academia, this book: Discusses signal integrity and large-scale simulation, verification, and testing Demonstrates advanced design techniques that enable digital circuits and sensitive analog circuits to coexist without any compromise Describes the process technology needed to address the performance challenges associated with developing complex mixed-signal circuits Deals with modeling topics, such as reliability, variability, and crosstalk, that define pre-silicon design methodology and trends, and are the focus of companies involved in wireless applications Develops methods to move analog into the digital domain quickly, minimizing and eliminating common trade-offs between performance, power consumption, simulation time, verification, size, and cost Details approaches for very low-power performances, high-speed interfaces, phase-locked loops (PLLs), voltage-controlled oscillators (VCOs), analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and biomedical filters Delineates the respective parts of a full system-on-chip (SoC), from the digital parts to the baseband blocks, radio frequency (RF) circuitries, electrostatic-discharge (ESD) structures, and built-in self-test (BIST) architectures Mixed-Signal Circuits explores exciting opportunities in wireless communications and beyond. The book is a must for anyone involved in mixed-signal circuit design for future technologies.

This book provides a first integrated view of nanophotonics and plasmonics, covering the use of dielectric, semiconductor, and metal nanostructures to manipulate light at the nanometer scale. The presentation highlights similarities and advantages, and shows the common underlying physics, targets, and methodologies used for different materials (optically transparent materials for nanophotonics, vs opaque materials for plasmonics). Ultimately, the goal is to provide a basis for developing a unified platform for both fields. In addition to the fundamentals and detailed theoretical background, the book showcases the main device applications. Ching Eng (Jason) Png is Director of the Electronics and Photonics Department at the Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore. Yuriy A. Akimov is a scientist in the Electronics and Photonics Department at the Institute of High Performance Computing, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore.

"a detailed, cognizant account of numerous crucial aspects of optical microring resonators" - Amr S. Helmy, Professor of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Toronto "an excellent choice for gaining an insight into the vast potential of microring resonators" - Jalil Ali, Professor, Laser Center ISI-SIR, University of Technology, Malaysia "a thorough treatment... appeal[s] to a wide range of audiences" - L. Jay Guo, Professor of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The University of Michigan The field of microring resonator research has seen tremendous growth over the past decade, with microring resonators now becoming a ubiquitous element in integrated photonics technology. This book fills the need for a cohesive and comprehensive treatment of the subject, given its importance and the proliferation of new research in the field. The expert author has as an introductory guide for beginners as well as a reference source for more experienced researchers. This book aims to fulfill this need by providing a concise and detailed treatment of the fundamental concepts and theories that underpin the various applications. To appeal to as wide a readership as possible, major areas of applications of microring resonators will also be covered in depth.

This dedicated overview of optical compressive imaging addresses implementation aspects of the revolutionary theory of compressive sensing (CS) in the field of optical imaging and sensing. It overviews the technological opportunities and challenges involved in optical design and implementation, from basic theory to optical architectures and systems for compressive imaging in various spectral regimes, spectral and hyperspectral imaging, polarimetric sensing, three-dimensional imaging, super-resolution imaging, lens-free, on-chip microscopy, and phase sensing and retrieval. The reader will gain a complete introduction to theory, experiment, and practical use for reducing hardware, shortening image scanning time, and improving image resolution as well as other performance parameters. Optics practitioners and optical system designers, electrical and optical engineers, mathematicians, and signal processing professionals will all find the book a unique trove of information and practical guidance.

Masers and Lasers: An Historical Approach examines the progress of research and practical use of lasers chronologically, covering the fundamental science in detail alongside fascinating biographical sketches of famous physicists and summaries of seminal papers. It supplies helpful drawings of prototype devices, conceptual diagrams to aid in understanding, and remarkable historical photographs. This Second Edition contains new chapters on ultrashort pulse lasers and nonlinear optics, incorporates the latest developments and insights from key scientists, and includes extensive updates on fiber lasers, amplifiers, ultraviolet and X-ray lasers, and plasmonic lasers.

This text provides an introduction to the important physics underpinning current technologies, highlighting key concepts in areas that include linear and rotational motion, energy, work, power, heat, temperature, fluids, waves, and magnetism. This revision reflects the latest technology advances, from smart phones to the Internet of Things, and all kinds of sensors. The author also provides more modern worked examples with useful appendices and laboratories for hands-on practice. There are also two brand new chapters covering sensors as well as electric fields and electromagnetic radiation as applied to current technologies.