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Books > Humanities > Religion & beliefs > Non-Christian religions > Religions of Indic & Oriental origin > Oriental religions
The Tao is the ancient Chinese "Way" that has inspired numerous
books, from "The Tao of Physics " to "The Tao of Sex ." This book
might be called "The Tao of Tao." In 142 brief meditative essays,
the author uses simple language and natural imagery to express the
essence of the wisdom that holds the key to success in every human
endeavor.
Liu I-ming (b. 1737) was a Taoist adept and a scholar of Buddhism
and Confucianism. He is the author of commentaries on several
Taoist classics that have been published in English, including
"The""Taoist I Ching ," also translated by Thomas Cleary.
Falun Gong, founded by Li Hongzhi in 1992, attracted international
attention in 1999 after staging a demonstration outside government
offices in Beijing. It was subsequently banned. Followers then
created a number of media outlets outside China focused on
protesting the PRC's attack on the 'human rights' of practitioners.
This volume focuses on Falun Gong and violence. Though the author
notes accusations of how Chinese authorities have abused and
tortured practitioners, the volume will focus on Li Hongzhi's
teachings about 'spiritual warfare', and how these teachings have
motivated practitioners to deliberately seek brutalization and
martyrdom.
The most common Buddhist practice in Asia is bowing, yet Buddhist
and Christian Responses to the Kowtow Problem is the first study of
Buddhist obeisance in China. In Confucian ritual, everyone is
supposed to kowtow, or bow, to the Chinese emperor. But Buddhists
claimed exemption from bowing to any layperson, even to their own
parents or the emperor. This tension erupted in an imperial debate
in 662. This study first asks how and why Buddhists should bow (to
the Buddha, and to monks), and then explores the arguments over
their refusing to bow to the emperor. These arguments take us into
the core ideas of Buddhism and imperial power: How can one achieve
nirvana by bowing? What is a Buddha image? Who is it that bows? Is
there any ritual that can exempt a subject of the emperor? What are
the limits of the state's power over human bodies? Centuries later,
Christians had a new set of problems with bowing in China, to the
emperor and to "idols." Buddhist and Christian Responses to the
Kowtow problem compares these cases of refusing to bow, discusses
modern theories of obeisance, and finally moves to examine some
contemporary analogies such as refusing to salute the American
flag. Contributing greatly to the study of the body and power,
ritual, religion and material culture, this volume is of interest
to scholars and students of religious studies, Buddhism, Chinese
history and material culture.
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