Traditional Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have tremendous applications, but their performance can be limited due to the limited processing and communication power of wireless sensor nodes. Cognitive Radio Sensor Networks: Applications, Architectures, and Challenges examines how wireless sensor nodes with cognitive radio capabilities can address these challenges and improve the spectrum utilization. This premier reference work presents a broader picture on the applications, architecture, challenges, and open research directions in the area of WSN research. It serves as a reference book for graduate students in courses on topics such as wireless sensor networks, cognitive radio networks, and emerging wireless technologies.

The proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Mining in the Arctic, held in Greenland in 2001. The papers cover a wide variety of topics, including: mining exploration and exploitation; mining engineering and mine design; environmental impact of mining in the Arctic; and more.

This text covers the use of computer applications in the mineral industries, encompassing topics such as the use of computer visualization in mining systems and aspects such as ventilation and safety.

Siting of permanent and temporary buildings in process areas requires careful consideration of potential effects of explosions and fires arising from accidental release of flammable materials. This book, which updates the 1996 edition, provides a single-source reference that explains the American Petroleum Institute (API) permanent (752) and temporary (753) building recommended practices and details how to implement them. New coverage on toxicity and updated standards are also highlighted. Practical and easy-to-use, this reliable guide is a must-have for implementing safe building practices.

Contents:
Preface. Acknowledgements. Chapter1. Review of the Site Survey Technique. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Historical Background. 1.3 High Resolution Seismic Site Surveys. 1.4 Digital Seismic Site Surveys. 1.5 Analogue Site Surveys. 1.6 Sonar Swath Bathymetry. 1.7 Autonomous Underwater Vehicles. 1.8 Remote-Operated Vehicles. 1.9 Environmental Site Survey Techniques. 1.10 Gravity and Magnetics. 1.11 Seismic Refraction. 1.12 Pipeline Surveys. 1.13 Marine Archeological Surveys. 1.14 Positioning Systems. 1.15 Site Survey Grids. 1.16 Project Planning and Preliminaries. 1.17 Survey Vessels. 1.18 Reporting. Chapter 2. High Resolution Digital Site Survey Systems. 2.1 Digital Recording Systems. 2.2 Texas Instruments Digital Field System (DFS) Mk V. 2.3 Sercel SN 358 Digital Recording System. 2.4 TTS-2. 2.5 OYO DAS-1A. 2.6 Geometrics Strativisor NX Seismic Recorder. 2.7 Digital Systems Tests. 2.8 Sparker Seismic Energy Sources. 2.9 High Frequency Seismic Airgun Sources. 2.10 Other Site Survey Seismic Energy Sources. 2.11 Source Fire Control Systems for Site Surveys. 2.13 Onboard Processing. 2.14 Digital Site Survey Interpretation. 2.15 Contractual Work Standards. Chapter 3. Analogue Site Survey Systems. 3.1 Categories of Analogue Systems. 3.2 Echosounders. 3.3 Sidescan Sonars. 3.4 Sonar Swath Bathymetry. 3.5 Autonomous Underwater Vehicles. 3.6 Sub-Bottom Profilers. 3.7 Boomers and Sparker Profilers. 3.8 Multi-Electrode Sparkers. 3.9 Analogue Recorders and Filters. 3.10 Seismic Refraction Survey. 3.11 Site Survey Discussion. Chapter 4. Non-Seismic Site Survey Techniques. 4.1 Gravity Covers and Seabed Sampling. 4.2 Shearvane Penetrometers. 4.3 Vibrocorers. 4.4 Underwater Photography. 4.5 Current Meters. 4.6 Engineering Tests and Cone Penetration. 4.7 Remote Operated Vehicles. 4.8 Gravity Survey. 4.9 Marine Proton Magnetometers. 4.10 Marine Caesium Vapour Magnetometers. Chapter 5. Positioning Systems. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Principles of GPS Operation. 5.3 Co-ordinate Systems. 5.4 Geoids, Ellipsoids, Datums and Shifts. 5.5 GPS Differential Mode Principles. 5.6 Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) GPS. 5.7 DGPS Quality Control. 5.10 Supervisory Quality Control Systems. 5.11 Integrated Navigation Systems. 5.12 Acoustic Positioning Systems. Chapter 6. Safety. 6.1 Safety Reviews. 6.2 Documentation. 6.3 Health and Safety Policy. 6.4 Incident and Accident Reporting Policy. 6.5 Cranes and Lifting Gear. 6.6 Working Conditions and Working Practices. 6.7 Fire Protection Equipment. 6.8 Vessel Safety and Survival Equipment. 6.9 Training and Emergency Response Procedures. 6.10 Seismic Operations. 6.11 Electrical Equipment and Emergency Power Supplies. 6.12 Helicopter Operations. 6.13 Personnel Competence Assurance. 6.14 Environmental Monitoring. Glossary and Notation. Index.

The Command Companion of Seamanship Techniques is the latest work from the well-respected marine author, D J House. It contains all the information needed for command posts at sea.
- All aspects of shipboard management are discussed, with special emphasis placed on health and safety.
- Guidelines on how to respond to accidents and emergencies at sea
- Contains the most recent SOLAS revisions and a discussion of marine law to keep you up to date with the latest rules and regulations.
In order to aid learning, the book includes a number of worked examples in the text along with questions and answers at the end of chapters.

The author tells you how to respond to accidents and emergencies at sea, in the event, for example of cargo contamination, collision, loss of stability due to cargo shift and damage due to flooding, fire plus loss of life/crew. In addition, the SOLAS revisions and a discussion of marine law is included to keep you up to date with all the latest rules and regulations.
In order to aid learning, this book will include a number of worked examples in the text along with questions and answers at the end of chapters.
D J House is senior lecturer in Nautical studies at the Nautical college, Fleetwood. His sea-going experience includes general cargo, reefer, bulk cargo, passenger and liner trades, underwater operations, and roll-on/roll-off ferries. He is a well-known marine author and has written Seamanship Techniques Volumes 1 and 2 (combined) and he has revised Cargo Work in the Kemp & Young series.
All aspects of shipboard management are discussed, with special emphasis placed on health and safety.
Guidelines on how to respond to accidents andemergencies at sea
Contains the most recent SOLAS revisions and a discussion of marine law to keep you up to date with the latest rules and regulations.

The safe and economical construction of tunnels, mines, and other subterranean works depends on the correct choice of support systems to ensure that the excavations are stable. These support systems should be matched to the characterstics of the rock mass and the excavation techniques adopted. Establishing the support requirements, designing support systems and installing these correctly are essential elements in safe underground construction. This is a comprehensive and practical work which also gives access to user-friendly computer programmes which enable the investigation and design of support techniques. Details on how to obtain this software are also included in the book.

A review of the existing applications of geosynthetics and geosystems in hydraulic and coastal engineering, with an overview on material specifications, structural components, relevant tools during conceptual and detail design, possible applications, and execution aspects. A more detailed description is given of new or lesser-known systems and applications. Additional basic information on design methodology and geosynthetics is included to provide a basic framework of information for design purposes.

A review of modern blasting techniques used in tunnelling, chamber excavations and lake-tap blasting. The scope of this book includes geological implications, cut design and smooth blasting techniques in addition to chamber blasting. This book also includes detailed examples outlining the design issues and techniques used in blasting lake-tap plugs for hydroelectric projects. It is designed as a reference book and companion to courses in tunnel blasting techniques.

This text looks at mine planning and equipment and covers topics such as: design and planning of surface and underground mines; geotechnical stability in surface and underground mines; and mining and the environment.

Gregory Tsinker brings his extensive knowledge of structural engineering and geotechnical design to his translation of George E. Lazebnik's work on soil-structure interaction. Monitoring of Soil-Structure Interaction is aimed at professional geotechnical and foundation engineers who deal with soil-foundation interaction, soil pressure distribution, or ground monitoring instruments. This book will incorporate original data and emphasize practical, mathematical models for measuring soil pressure on the foundations of a structure. Readers will be able to compare their calibrated measurements to the data presented in the book.

This text provides a process oriented discussion of the theory, methodology and philosophy of geologic and mine modelling using two commercial software packages: Techbase, a leader for mineral exploration and modelling bedded deposits; and Lynx, for modelling geology.

This volume offers an innovative and counter-intuitive study of how and why artificial intelligence-infused weapon systems will affect the strategic stability between nuclear-armed states. Johnson demystifies the hype surrounding artificial intelligence (AI) in the context of nuclear weapons and, more broadly, future warfare. The book highlights the potential, multifaceted intersections of this and other disruptive technology - robotics and autonomy, cyber, drone swarming, big data analytics, and quantum communications - with nuclear stability. Anticipating and preparing for the consequences of the AI-empowered weapon systems are fast becoming a critical task for national security and statecraft. Johnson considers the impact of these trends on deterrence, military escalation, and strategic stability between nuclear-armed states - especially China and the United States. The book draws on a wealth of political and cognitive science, strategic studies, and technical analysis to shed light on the coalescence of developments in AI and other disruptive emerging technologies. Artificial intelligence and the future of warfare sketches a clear picture of the potential impact of AI on the digitized battlefield and broadens our understanding of critical questions for international affairs. AI will profoundly change how wars are fought, and how decision-makers think about nuclear deterrence, escalation management, and strategic stability - but not for the reasons you might think. -- .

NASA's Genesis mission, launched on August 8, 2001 is the fifth mission in the Discovery series. Genesis addresses questions about the materials and processes involved in the origin of the solar system by providing precise knowledge of solar isotopic and elemental compositions for comparison with the compositions of meteoritic and planetary materials. This book describes the Genesis mission, the solar wind collector materials, the solar wind concentrator and simulations of its performance, the plasma ion and electron instruments, and the way these two instruments are used to determine the solar wind flow regime on board the spacecraft. The book is of interest to all potential users of the data returned by the Genesis mission, to those studying the isotopic and chemical composition of the early solar system whose work will be influenced by the measurements made by Genesis and by all those interested in the design and implementation of space instruments to study space plasmas.

'Machine Woodworking' provides students with all the basic information needed to reach NVQ level II in wood machining. It covers calculations, timber science, and all the relevant machines, and is completed by five simple workshop projects which can be used to practice and test the necessary skills. The use of each machine is explained, with ample diagrams and photographs where appropriate, and each section is rounded off with the relevant regulations and additional multiple-choice questions to test understanding.

In the new space age after the end of the Cold War, orbit and frequency allocations, traffic control, safety, and a number of support services such as space weather forecast and orbital debris monitoring need to be coordinated transparently and effectively by clear rules at an international level. The establishment of an international civil space regulatory framework is the central theme of this book, in particular, the possible extension to space of the international regulatory framework model adopted for aviation more than 60 years ago with the establishment of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO).

The book also highlights the increased reliance of aviation safety on space-based navigation and communication systems, the increasing space systems traffic through the international airspace under the jurisdiction of the ICAO, and the emerging hybrid systems such as aero-spacecraft and space planes, to advocate the practical benefits of directly expanding the ICAO Convention domain beyond the airspace to include outer space up to the geostationary orbits.

This study focuses on the physical aspects of ultrasonic de-ashing and de-sulfurization, such as cavitation, streaming and their combined effects. Ambedkar Balraj proposes an ultrasound-assisted coal particle breakage mechanism and explores aqueous and solvent-based ultrasonic techniques for de-ashing and de-sulfurization. Ambedkar designs a Taguchi L-27 fractional-factorial matrix to assess the individual effects of key process variables. In this volume he also describes process optimization and scale-up strategies. The author provides a mechanism-based model for ultrasonic reagent-based coal de-sulfurization, proposes a flow diagram for ultrasonic methods of high-throughput coal-wash and discusses the benefits of ultrasonic coal-wash. Coal will continue to be a major fuel source for the foreseeable future and this study helps improve its use by minimising ash and sulfur impurities.

Low-lying countries, such as the Netherlands, are strongly dependent on good and safe sea defences. In the past, the design of dikes and revetments was mostly based on vague experience, rather than on general valid calculation methods. The demand for reliable design methods for protective structures has, in the Netherlands, resulted in increased research in this field. These contributions have been prepared by Dutch experts participating in the study groups of the Technical Advisory Committee on Water Defences. The book opens with an outline of general strategy and methodology on sea defences, illustrated in the following chapters by technical information on specific items and Dutch experience, and it ends with more general aspects such as probabilistic approach, integral (multifunctional) design, management & safety assessment. Together, these chapters provide an almost complete technical overview of the items needed for the design and maintenance of dikes and revetments. The enclosed CRESS-program allows for an initial estimation of hydraulic loads and preliminary design.

The purpose of this book is to examine the geospatial and temporal linkage between offshore supply vessels and oil and gas activity in the Outer Continental Shelf Gulf of Mexico, and to model OSV activity expected to result from future lease sales. Oil and gas operations occur throughout the world wherever commercial accumulations exist, but no quantitative assessment has ever been performed on the marine vessels that support offshore activity. The OCS Gulf of Mexico is the largest and most prolific offshore oil and gas basin in the world, and a large number of marine vessels are engaged in operations in the region, but tracking their activity is difficult and requires specialized data sources and the development of empirical models. The challenge of modeling arises from the complexity and size of the system, and the particular limitations governing stochastic difficult-to-observe networks. This book bridges the gap with the latest technological perspective and provides insight and computational methods to inform and better understand the offshore sector. Offshore Service Industry and Logistics Modeling in the Gulf of Mexico is presented in three parts. In Part 1, background information on the life cycle stages of offshore development and activity is reviewed, along with a description of the service vessels and port infrastructure in the region. In Part 2, OSV activity in the Gulf of Mexico is baselined using PortVision data to establish spatial and temporal characteristics of vessel activity. In Part 3, the analytic framework used to quantify the connection between OSVs, ports, and offshore activity is described, and activity expected to arise from the 2012-2017 OCS lease program is forecast. Providing an invaluable resource for academics and researchers, this book is also intended for government regulators, energy and environmental analysts, industry professionals, and others interested in this often-overlooked sector.

J.L. Burch*V. Angelopoulos Originally published in the journal Space Science Reviews, Volume 141, Nos 1-4, 1-3. DOI: 10.1007/s11214-008-9474-5 (c) Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2008 The Earth, like all the other planets, is continuously bombarded by the solar wind, which is variable on many time scales owing to its connection to the activity of the Sun. But the Earth is unique among planets because its atmosphere, magnetic eld, and rotation rates are each signi cant, though not dominant, players in the formation of its magnetosphere and its reaction to solar-wind inputs. An intriguing fact is that no matter what the time scale of solar-wind variations, the Earth's response has a de nite pattern lasting a few hours. Known as a magnetospheric substorm, the response involves a build-up, a crash, and a recovery. The build-up (known as the growth phase) occurs because of an interlinking of the geom- netic eld and the solar-wind magnetic eld known as magnetic reconnection, which leads to storage of increasing amounts of magnetic energy and stress in the tail of the mag- tosphere and lasts about a half hour. The crash (known as the expansion phase) occurs when the increased magnetic energy and stresses are impulsively relieved, the current system that supports the stretched out magnetic tail is diverted into the ionosphere, and bright, dynamic displays of the aurora appear in the upper atmosphere. The expansion and subsequent rec- ery phases result from a second magnetic reconnection event that decouples the solar-wind and geomagnetic elds.