The book describes currently applied and newly developed advanced numerical methods for wave-induced ship motions and loads. Besides well-established computational methods based on strip theory, panel methods and finite volume methods for unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations (URANS), recent advances like a fully nonlinear Rankine panel method, URANS calculations including elastic hull deformations, and an improved method to predict added resistance in waves are explained in detail. Furthermore, statistical methods to assess extreme motions and loads are described both for linear and nonlinear responses in a stationary seaway as well as during long-term ship operations. Results of motions and loads, computed using the various methods, are compared with each other and with results of model experiments. Introductory chapters on fluid dynamics, motions of rigid and elastic ship hulls, numerical methods to compute fluid flows associated with wind waves, and the development and simulation of seaways complement the volume. The book will be of interest to post-graduate students, PhD candidates, as well as engineers in the field of naval architecture, ocean, and marine engineering.

Recording Studio Design, Fourth Edition explains the key principles of successful studio design and construction using straightforward language and the use of practical examples appreciated by readers of previous editions. Updated to reflect new industry standards, this fourth edition addresses improvements in cinema sound, with specific attention paid to B-chain electroacoustic response and calibration. Using over 50 years' experience, author Philip Newell provides detail on the practical aspects of recording in various environments, not only exploring the complex issues relating to the acoustics but also providing real-world solutions. While the book contains detailed discussions about performing rooms, control rooms, and mobile studios, concepts of the infrastructures are also discussed, because no studio can perform optimally unless the technical and human requirements are adequately provided for. In this new edition, sound for cinema provides a platform for highlighting many, wider electroacoustic topics in a way that is relatively easy to visualise. The way in which sound and vision interact is an important aspect of many modern multimedia formats. The new edition includes: A new Chapter 22 that will thoroughly reflect recently published SMPTE investigations which will drastically impact standards for cinema sound; The inclusion of new academic research and its practical applications; An entire new illustrated chapter on room construction principles; and The consolidation of ideas which were only emerging when the earlier editions were published.

This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of computational geomechanics, as presented by international researchers and engineers at the 16th International Conference of the International Association for Computer Methods and Advances in Geomechanics (IACMAG 2020/21). Contributions include a wide range of topics in geomechanics such as: monitoring and remote sensing, multiphase modelling, reliability and risk analysis, surface structures, deep structures, dams and earth structures, coastal engineering, mining engineering, earthquake and dynamics, soil-atmosphere interaction, ice mechanics, landfills and waste disposal, gas and petroleum engineering, geothermal energy, offshore technology, energy geostructures, geomechanical numerical models and computational rail geotechnics.

Water Worlds in the Solar System: In Search of Habitable Environments and Life is a comprehensive reference on the formation, availability, habitability potential, and astrobiological implications of water in the Solar System. The book provides understanding of the importance of water on Earth to elucidate potential water and biosignature sources on other bodies in the Solar System. It covers processes involved in the formation of Earth and its Moon, genesis of water on those bodies, events on early Earth, and other processes that are applicable to celestial bodies in the Solar System, directly correlating data available on water on other bodies to over 15 Earth analogue sites. This book forms a comprehensive overview on water in the Solar System, from formation to biosignature and habitability considerations. It is ideal for academics, researchers and students working in the field of planetary science, extraterrestrial water research and habitability potential.

This book collects selected papers from the 7th Conference on Signal and Information Processing, Networking and Computers held in Rizhao, China, on September 21-23, 2020. The 7th International Conference on Signal and Information Processing, Networking and Computers (ICSINC) was held in Rizhao, China, on September 21-23, 2020.

Inside the epic quest to find life on the water-rich moons at the outer reaches of the solar system Where is the best place to find life beyond Earth? We often look to Mars as the most promising site in our solar system, but recent scientific missions have revealed that some of the most habitable real estate may actually lie farther away. Beneath the frozen crusts of several of the small, ice-covered moons of Jupiter and Saturn lurk vast oceans that may have existed for as long as Earth, and together may contain more than fifty times its total volume of liquid water. Could there be organisms living in their depths? Alien Oceans reveals the science behind the thrilling quest to find out. Kevin Peter Hand is one of today's leading NASA scientists, and his pioneering research has taken him on expeditions around the world. In this captivating account of scientific discovery, he brings together insights from planetary science, biology, and the adventures of scientists like himself to explain how we know that oceans exist within moons of the outer solar system, like Europa, Titan, and Enceladus. He shows how the exploration of Earth's oceans is informing our understanding of the potential habitability of these icy moons, and draws lessons from what we have learned about the origins of life on our own planet to consider how life could arise on these distant worlds. Alien Oceans describes what lies ahead in our search for life in our solar system and beyond, setting the stage for the transformative discoveries that may await us.

This book presents recent results on the modelling of space plasmas with Kappa distributions and their interpretation. Hot and dilute space plasmas most often do not reach thermal equilibrium, their dynamics being essentially conditioned by the kinetic effects of plasma particles, i.e., electrons, protons, and heavier ions. Deviations from thermal equilibrium shown by these plasma particles are often described by Kappa distributions. Although well-known, these distributions are still controversial in achieving a statistical characterization and a physical interpretation of non-equilibrium plasmas. The results of the Kappa modelling presented here mark a significant progress with respect to all these aspects and open perspectives to understanding the high-resolution data collected by the new generation of telescopes and spacecraft missions. The book is directed to the large community of plasma astrophysics, including graduate students and specialists from associated disciplines, given the palette of the proposed topics reaching from applications to the solar atmosphere and the solar wind, via linear and quasilinear modelling of multi-species plasmas and waves within, to the fundamental physics of nonequilibrium plasmas.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of ocean electronics, energy conversion, and instrumentation. As remote (satellite) sensing becomes increasingly important, this text provides readers with a solid background of wireless sensor networks and image-processing for oceans and ocean-related energy issues. Features: Focuses on wind energy, ocean wave, ocean tidal, and ocean thermal energy conversion Discusses the measurements of ocean monitoring parameters such as ocean color, sediment monitoring methods, surface currents, surface wind waves, wave height and wind speed, sea surface temperature, upwelling, wave power and the ocean floor Discusses sensors like scanner sensor systems, weather satellites sensors, synthetic aperture radar sensors, marine observation satellite(MOS) sensors, micro sensors for monitoring ocean acidification Includes material on underwater acoustics and underwater communication Assesses the environmental impact of generating energy from the ocean Explores the design of applications of marine electronics and oceanographic instruments

This book highlights the technological and managerial fundamentals and frontier questions of space science. Space science is a new interdisciplinary and comprehensive subject that takes spacecraft as the main tools to study the planet Earth, the solar-terrestrial space, the solar system, and even the whole universe, to answer significant questions covering the formation and evolution of the solar system and the universe, the origin and evolution of life and the structure of the material. The book introduces major scientific questions in various branches of space science and provides related technological and managerial knowledge. It also discusses the necessity of international cooperation and elaborates on the strategic planning of space science in China. The book can be used as a reference book or textbook for scientists, engineers, college students, and the public participating in space science programs.

This book is a rich source of information on design research and solutions for the support and development of space missions. International experiences and researches are presented in order to cast light on the role of space design in improving living and working conditions in outer space and to highlight the particularities of the necessary design skills, taking into account specific requirements and constraints. The challenge facing designers is how to approach environmentally extreme conditions in such a way that they are transformed from limitations into opportunities. The author has herself developed products that have been tested during on-orbit experiments on the International Space Station. Drawing on this unique experience and other case studies, the author proposes a new design methodology for space and demonstrates how the discipline of design is able to generate innovation thanks to the strong capacity of visioning. Ultimately this will lead to the development of further new equipment for astronauts that will facilitate space travel. While the book is intended primarily for students and researchers, it is also of interest for a broad readership attracted by space, innovation, and future scenarios.

This book comprises the proceedings of the Fifth International Conference in Ocean Engineering (ICOE2019) focusing on emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of ocean engineering and offshore structures. Some of the themes covered in this volume are offshore structures and deepwater technology, ocean optics & acoustics, ocean renewable energy, marine spatial planning, climate change impacts & disaster risk reduction, etc. The essays are written by leading international experts, making it a valuable resource for researchers and practicing engineers alike.

64 papers covering topics including Offshore Technology, Offshore Platforms, and Design and Analysis.

While German and Japanese scientists also laboured unsuccessfully to create an atomic bomb, by the summer of 1945, the American-led team was ready to test its first weapon. As the clock ticked down to the detonation time of 05.30 hours on 16 July 1945, the nervous team of technicians and scientists waited ten miles away from Ground Zero' deep in the New Mexico desert. No one knew how powerful the explosion would be or whether even at such a distance they would be safe from the blast. Even so, some chose to observe the detonation from a point four miles nearer at the control bunker; but then no one was even sure that the bomb would work. What if that is actually what happened? Under schedule pressure from the White House, the scientists assembled the device in part with tape and tissue paper, knowing some components were flawed. These are verifiable facts. It means that, as many of those who gathered in the New Mexico desert feared at the time, the bomb might not have worked during that first test. In The First Atomic Bomb, Jim Mangi explores what might happened in the event that the world's first atomic bomb had not been ready for use when it was. How would this have affected the end of the war in the Pacific, and indeed the Second World War as a whole? Would Emperor Hirohito's armed forces have battled on? When might Colonel Paul W. Tibbets, at the controls of his Boeing B-24 Superfortress Enola Gay have then made his historic flight over Hiroshima - and would that city even have remained the target? How would Stalin and the Soviets have reacted to such developments, and how would this have played out in the post-war world?

This book delivers a comprehensive and up-to-date treatment of practical applications of metamaterials, structured media, and conventional porous materials. With increasing levels of urbanization, a growing demand for motorized transport, and inefficient urban planning, environmental noise exposure is rapidly becoming a pressing societal and health concern. Phononic and sonic crystals, acoustic metamaterials, and metasurfaces can revolutionize noise and vibration control and, in many cases, replace traditional porous materials for these applications. In this collection of contributed chapters, a group of international researchers reviews the essentials of acoustic wave propagation in metamaterials and porous absorbers with viscothermal losses, as well as the most recent advances in the design of acoustic metamaterial absorbers. The book features a detailed theoretical introduction describing commonly used modelling techniques such as plane wave expansion, multiple scattering theory, and the transfer matrix method. The following chapters give a detailed consideration of acoustic wave propagation in viscothermal fluids and porous media, and the extension of this theory to non-local models for fluid saturated metamaterials, along with a description of the relevant numerical methods. Finally, the book reviews a range of practical industrial applications, making it especially attractive as a white book targeted at the building, automotive, and aeronautic industries.

This textbook provides materials for an introductory course in Engineering Acoustics for students with a basic knowledge of mathematics. The contents are based on extensive teaching experience at the graduate level. Each of the 14 main chapters deals with a well-defined topic and represents the material for a two-hour lecture. The chapters alternate between more theoretical and more application-oriented concepts. The presentation is organized to be suitable for self-study as well. For this third edition, the complete text and many figures have been revised. Several current amendments take account of advancements in the field. Further, a completely new chapter has been added which presents approaches and solutions to all assigned exercise problems. The new chapter offers the opportunity to explore the underlying theoretical background in more detail. However, the study of the problems and their proposed solutions is no prerequisite for comprehending the material presented in the book's lecture part.

'This terrific memoir... is utterly gripping' Mail on Sunday 'Read this book and be inspired to reach for the impossible' Brian Greene Many children dream of becoming an astronaut when they grow up, but when a six-year-old Mike Massimino saw Neil Armstrong walk on the moon he knew what he wanted to do when he became an adult. But NASA rejected him; then when he applied again they turned him down because of his poor eyesight. For the next year he trained his eyes to work better and finally, at the third time of asking, NASA accepted him. So began Massimino's 18-year career as an astronaut, and the extraordinary lengths he went to to get accepted was only the beginning. In this awe-inspiring memoir, he reveals the hard work, camaraderie and sheer guts involved in the life of an astronaut; he vividly describes what it is like to strap yourself into the Space Shuttle and blast off into space, or the sensation of walking in space, as he did when he completed a mission to service the Hubble telescope. He also talks movingly about the Columbia tragedy, and how it felt to step into the Space Shuttle again in the aftermath of that disaster. Massimino was inspired by the film The Right Stuff, and this book is not only a tribute to those fellow astronauts he worked with, but also a stunning example of someone who had exactly those attributes himself.

These essays explore the increase in interest in non-lethal weapons. Such devices have meant that many armed forces and law enforcement agencies are able to act against undesirables without being accused of acting in an inhumane way.
Topics for discussion in this volume include: an overview of the future of non-lethal weapons; emerging non-lethal technologies; military and police operational deployment of non-lethal weapons; a scientific evaluation of the effectiveness of non-lethal weapons; changes in international law needed to take into account non-lethal technologies; developments in genomics leading to new chemical incapacitants; implications for arms control and proliferation; the role of non-lethal weapons in human rights abuses; conceptual, theoretical and analytical perspectives on the nature of non-lethal weapons development.

This book focuses on advanced methods for the structural and thermal analysis of deepwater pipelines and risers. It discusses the limit strength of sandwich pipes, including finite-element analysis using Python scripts, collapse of sandwich pipes with cementitious/polymer composites, buckle propagation of sandwich pipes, dynamic behavior of subsea pipes, flow-induced vibration of functionally graded pipes, two-phase flow-induced vibration of pipelines, vortex-induced vibration of free-spanning pipelines, and the thermal analysis of composites pipes with passive insulation, active heating, and phase change material layers. It also explores structural analysis using finite element analysis and the integral transform technique for fluid-structure interaction. Lastly, the use of lumped parameter formulations combined with finite differences for the thermal analysis of pipelines is examined.

The essays in this open access volume identify the key ingredients for success in capitalizing on public investments in scientific projects and the development of large-scale research infrastructures. Investment in science - whether in education and training or through public funding for developing new research tools and technologies - is a crucial priority. Authors from big research laboratories/organizations, funding agencies and academia discuss how investing in science can produce societal benefits as well as identifying future challenges for scientists and policy makers. The volume cites different ways to assess the socio-economic impact of Research Infrastructures and their role as hubs of global collaboration, creativity and innovation. It highlights the different benefits stemming from fundamental research at the local, national and global level, while also inviting us to rethink the notion of "benefit" in the 21st century. Public investment is required to maintain the pace of technological and scientific advancements over the next decades. Far from advocating a radical transformation and massive expansion in funding, the authors suggest ways for maintaining a strong foundation of science and research to ensure that we continue to benefit from the outputs. The volume draws inspiration from the first "Economics of Big Science" workshop, held in Brussels in 2019 with the aim of creating a new space for dialogue and interaction between representatives of Big Science organizations, policy makers and academia. It aspires to provide useful reading for policy makers, scientists and students of science, who are increasingly called upon to explain the value of fundamental research and adopt the language and logic of economics when engaging in policy discussions.

The book clearly explains the concepts of the drilling engineering and presents the existing knowledge ranging from the history of drilling technology to well completion. This textbook takes on the difficult issue of sustainability in drilling engineering and tries to present the engineering terminologies in a clear manner so that the new hire, as well as the veteran driller, will be able to understand the drilling concepts with minimum effort.

This textbook is an excellent resource for petroleum engineering students, drilling engineers, supervisors & managers, researchers and environmental engineers for planning every aspect of rig operations in the most sustainable, environmentally responsible manner, using the most up-to-date technological advancements in equipment and processes.

This thesis is focused on river and tidal stream power assessment, focussing particularly on uncertainties in power estimates resulting from inaccurate characterisation of bed roughness and turbine drag. It presents analytical and numerical models for the transfer of these uncertainties through to turbine power uncertainty in a strait, exploring how this affects metrics such as mean power and its standard deviation. Perturbation methods are used to determine the leading-order effects of friction and drag uncertainty in tidal stream power assessment. The methods for uncertainty transfer presented in this thesis could readily be applied to numerous other problems encountered in hydraulic engineering, such as flow routing, urban flood risk, and reservoir sedimentation. It will therefore be of interest to researchers, engineers, and students in these fields.

Unifying the Universe: The Physics of Heaven and Earth presents a non-technical approach to physics for the lay-science enthusiast. This popular textbook, which evolved from a conceptual course at Cornell University, is intended for non-science undergraduate students taking their first physics module. This second edition maintains its unique approach in crossing boundaries between physics and humanities, with connections to art, poetry, history, and philosophy. It explores how the process of scientific thought is inextricably linked with cultural, creative, and aesthetic aspects of human endeavor, opening the readers up to new ways of looking at the world. The text has been fully updated throughout to address current and exciting new topics in the field, such as exo-planets, the accelerating Universe, dark matter, dark energy, gravitational waves, super-symmetry, string theory, big bang cosmology, and the Higgs boson. There is also an entirely new chapter on the Quantum World, which connects the fascinating topics of quantum entanglement and quantum computing. Key Features: Provides a solid, yet accessible, background to basic physics without complex mathematics Uses a human interest approach to show how science is significant for more than its technological consequences Discusses the arts and philosophies of historical periods that are pertinent to the subject

This book consists of selected and peer-reviewed papers presented at the 13th International Conference on Vibration Problems (ICOVP 2017). The topics covered in this book include different structural vibration problems such as dynamics and stability under normal and seismic loading, and wave propagation. The book also discusses different materials such as composite, piezoelectric, and functionally graded materials for improving the stiffness and damping properties of structures. The contents of this book can be useful for beginners, researchers and professionals interested in structural vibration and other allied fields.

This book reviews and examines the relevant portions of all international treaties, cases and the national law and practice of states, in relation to international aspects of offshore oil rigs. By doing so, it offers an understanding of the legal regime surrounding oil rigs and formulates an international law framework. It investigates the issues under consideration by analyzing provisions of international law pertaining to all aspects of oil rigs, as well as international treaties and their travaux preparatoires. It also examines the national legislation of major offshore oil and gas producers and defines a framework of customary international entities such as the OSPAR and the petroleum industries of certain major offshore oil producers. Based upon the book's findings, it is clear that in spite of their increasing importance, offshore oil installations are subject to fragmentary and vague legal rules under international law.