Molecular biology and genetics techniques now dominate viral research in attempts to cure diseases such as AIDS. Viral Genome Methods is a practical guide to the newest molecular techniques, providing step-by-step protocols to be used in the laboratory. Recognized authorities and pioneers in viral research pass on their expertise to you.

This book provides a practical guide for all those working in or with Medical Examiner Services in England and Wales. It is an adjunct to the e-learning and face-to-face training required to fulfil the Medical Examiner and Medical Examiner Officer roles. Medical Examiner Services also work closely with a wide range of stakeholders including bereavement and mortuary teams, Coroners and their Officers, Registrars, Funeral Directors and those working in clinical governance and patient safety. This book provides an essential overview of all aspects of the Medical Examiner system for anyone working in these areas, or in any aspect of the support and management of the deceased and bereaved. A concise guide including the knowledge base required to develop and run a Medical Examiner Service Content is completely aligned with required training Written by those with direct experience of establishing and working with Medical Examiner Services Relevant to a wide range of stakeholders who work with patients and the bereaved

Leading international virologists review the state-of-the-art in the biology, pathogenesis, and epidemiology of the hepatitis viruses. The authorities writing here examine the five well-recognized hepatitis viruses, A through E, and some of the newer agents, the so-called non- A-E hepatitis viruses. They also provide in-depth discussions of the biological nature of the viruses, the pathogenesis of the acute and chronic diseases they cause, the methods and ease with which they are transmitted, and their clinical signs and symptoms. Additional topics include diagnostic tests and routine blood screening, new vaccines, and the use of interferon and antiviral drugs. Viral Hepatitis: Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prevention provides the most comprehensive and up-to-date survey of the hepatitis viruses currently available

Acinetobacter details the clinical aspects of this bacterium responsible for many infections in hospitalized patients. This reference explains the importance of these organisms, both from the patient's viewpoint and the economic perspective, and provides clinicians with the knowledge they need to control these bacteria.

The aim of this text is to examine the physiological development of the fetus. It allows the reader to study the unique pharmacokinetic and metabolic features of newborns and gives specific examples of drug metabolism in the newborn. The purpose of this book is to enhance the current knowledge of pharmacology of the newborn by observing the embryo and placenta in normal and abnormal development, placental transfer of drugs, metabolic pathways, and metabolism of specific drugs such as theophylline, benzodiazepines, and antibiotics. This is a useful book for those involved in pediatric research, pharmacology, toxicology, experimental therapeutics and biology.

Authored by electron microscopists and leading members of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), the Atlas of Virus Diagrams includes chapters on virus classification. The diagrams, selected for content and historic and aesthetic value, illustrate vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant bacterial viruses taken from English, French, and German language virological literature. The book presents this information in three sections:
o Overviews, including vertebrate and plant viruses
o Viruses with cubic and helical symmetry
o Viruses with binary symmetry (tailed bacteriophages).

Plasma membrane-associated channels known as gap junctions, along with their protein building blocks-connexins-have an important functional role in a range of immunological processes, including heart function, cell growth and specialization, and early development. Spanning basic science and potential clinical applications, Connexin Cell Communication Channels: Roles in the Immune System and Immunopathology assembles and synthesizes four decades of the most important research carried out in this field. The book first provides a historical overview of the discovery of these membrane channels in cells and tissues of the immune system. It describes their general molecular and biological characteristics and examines how they participate in the evolution, organization, function, and regulation of leukocytes, as well as their interaction with other tissues. The next section examines immunologically related disease scenarios where gap junctions and connexins have been shown to play a fundamental role. The contributors explain how gap junctional communication participates in the establishment and maintenance of immunological properties such as antibody and cytokine production, as well as lymphocyte immune surveillance in both physiological and pathological conditions. The book explores the most important technical approaches used and how they have been specially adapted to answer key biological questions particular to the mobile nature of leukocytes. It also describes the most recent understanding of how gap junctions and connexins participate in antigen recognition, cross-presentation, lymphocyte activation, and in the assembly and function of the immunological synapse. Finally, the book focuses on the latest progress made on translating the knowledge gained to specific treatment modalities. Topics in this section include approaches for reducing scarring and cardiac arrhythmia, combating inflammation in the central nervous system, and enhancing epithelial tissue repair. A comprehensive view of achievements in this promising field, the book will inform and update specialists, clinical practitioners, and those studying the potential for commercial applications.

This volume describes the structure and function of bacterial toxins and presents a comprehensive review of virulence factors, providing recent information concerning cell physiology and biochemistry, as well as new toxin tools for experimental studies and clinical therapy. A wide variety of toxic proteins, including the toxins that cause diptheria, cholera, pertussis, shigellosis, tetanus, botulism and anthrax, are discussed.;The work is aimed at microbiologists, biochemists, endocrinologists, toxicologists, infectious disease specialists, pathologists, public health officials, and upper-level undergraduate and graduate students in these disciplines.

This multivolume handbook presents the most authoritative and comprehensive reference work on major zoonoses of the world. The Handbook of Zoonoses covers most diseases communicable to humans, as well as those diseases common to both animals and humans. It identifies animal diseases that are host specific and reviews the effects of various human diseases on animals. Discussions address diseases that remain important public and animal health problems and the techniques that can control and prevent them.
The chapters are written by internationally recognized scientists in their respective areas of disease, who work or have worked extensively in the most affected areas of the world. The emphasis for each zoonosis is on the epidemiology of the disease, the clinical syndromes and carrier states in infected animals and humans, and the most current methods for diagnosis and approaches to control. For infectious agents or biologic toxins, which may be transmitted by foods of animal origin, a strong focus is placed on food safety measures. The etiologic and therapeutic aspects of each disease important to epidemiology and control are identified.

This book series focuses on current progress in the broad field of medical microbiology, and covers both basic and applied topics related to the study of microbes, their interactions with human and animals, and emerging issues relevant for public health. Original research and review articles present and discuss multidisciplinary findings and developments on various aspects of microbiology, infectious diseases, and their diagnosis, treatment and prevention. The book series publishes review and original research contributions, short reports as well as guest edited thematic book volumes. All contributions will be published online first and collected in book volumes. There are no publication costs. Advances in Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Public Health is a subseries of Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, which has been publishing significant contributions in the field for over 30 years and is indexed in Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, BIOSIS, Biological Abstracts, CSA, Biological Sciences and Living Resources (ASFA-1), and Biological Sciences. 2018 Impact Factor: 2.126.

There are three major types of human retroviruses, namely HIV, HTLV, and endogenous human retroviruses. This book presents the latest findings on the replication of these human retroviruses. This book is unique in that there has been no comparable book that integrates the findings from the three known classes of human retroviruses. Other books have focused on one of the three classes of human retroviruses individually.

An accomplished international team of contributing authors have combined their expertise to provide cutting-edge findings in this important field. The book will be a valuable reference for students, researchers and medical professionals.

This book covers most of the major topics in pediatric pathology including the embryo, perinatal, infant and child developmental organ system, and pediatric hematopathology. It presents glossaries for developmental and organ system pathology, which provides terminology with explanations.

This multivolume handbook presents the most authoritative and comprehensive reference work on major zoonoses of the world. The Handbook of Zoonoses covers most diseases communicable to humans, as well as those diseases common to both animals and humans. It identifies animal diseases that are host specific and reviews the effects of various human diseases on animals. Discussions address diseases that remain important public and animal health problems and the techniques that can control and prevent them.
The chapters are written by internationally recognized scientists in their respective areas of disease, who work or have worked extensively in the most affected areas of the world. The emphasis for each zoonosis is on the epidemiology of the disease, the clinical syndromes and carrier states in infected animals and humans, and the most current methods for diagnosis and approaches to control. For infectious agents or biologic toxins, which may be transmitted by foods of animal origin, a strong focus is placed on food safety measures. The etiologic and therapeutic aspects of each disease important to epidemiology and control are identified.

The consequences of diseases involving the immune system such as AIDS, and chronic inflammatory diseases such as bronchial-asthma, rheumatoid arthritis and atherosclerosis, now account for a considerable economic burden to governments worldwide. In response there has been an enormous research effort investigating the basic mechanisms underlying such diseases, and a tremendous drive to identify novel therapeutic applications for their prevention and treatment. Though a plethora of immunological studies have been published in recent years, little has been written about the implications of such research for drugs development. As a consequence, this area has not gained the prominence of other fields such as molecular pharmacology or neuropharmacology, and a focul information source for the many pharmacologists interested in diseases of the immune system remains unpublished.
The Handbook of Immunopharmacology series provides such a source through the commissioning of a comprehensive collection of volumes on all aspects of immunopharmacology. Editors have been sought after for each volume who are not only active in their respective areas of expertise, but who also have a distinctly pharmacological bias to their research.
The series follows three main themes, each represented by volumes on individual component topics. The first covers each of the major cell types and classes of inflammatory mediators ("cells and mediators"). The second covers each of the major organ systems and the diseases involving the immune and inflammatory responses that can effect them ("systems"). The third covers different classes of drugs currently used to treat these diseases as well as those under development ("drugs").
This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the adhsion molecules, processes and concepts that govern both inflammatory and infectious diseases, and also deals in detail with the specific in vivo pathways involved.
The first chapter introduces some of the molecules that mediate leukocyte adhesion and ranges from their discovery using monoclonal antibodies and a congenital adhesion deficiency, to their antagonism in preliminary clinical trials as novel therapeutics. An in-depth analysis of the structure, distribution and function of the cell surface glycoproteins that regulates lymphocyte (specific immune response), granulocyte (acute inflammatory response) and metastatic cell (malignant processes) adhesions respectively is provided by the next three chapters. Chapters 5 and 7 detail the molecular structure, intracellular pathways, specificty of carbohydrate interactions, and signalling of the molecules that regulate leukocyte-leukocyte and leukocyte-mesenchymal cell interactions.
There follows an exploration into the contributions of specific molecules in inflammatory diseases in various organs from chapters 8-11. The concluding part is unique to this volume by reviewing the comparable, and in some cases same, cell surface molecules that mediate virus, bacteria and parasite interactions with host cells.
The research is far from complete, but Adhesion Molecules is extremely comprehensive and will be a valuable resource for many a year to come.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an enigmatic immune mediated disease of the central nervous system that affects about 350,000 individuals in the US, and many more around the world. The mechanism of this disease is largely unknown and there is no cure for it. However, there are several well-characterized experimental animal models that help us understand and speculate about potential mechanisms of pathology in this disease. Many of the experimental therapies designed for this disease rely on testing the drugs in animal models before using it in clinical trials. This book combines for the first time the different experimental models for MS (including immune-mediated and viral) under one roof, and highlights aspects that are different or shared among these experimental models. It 's aim is to improve our understanding of this devastating disease and help us think about potential additional therapies for it.

This volume provides reviews covering the latest advances in particular areas of connective tissue research. This comprehensive work also includes areas of the medical field in which the basic aspects could be applied. It explains that both cells and matrix are altered in disease states because of the strong interactions established between cells and the extracellular matrix. The aim of this book is to close the existing gap between basic scientists and clinical investigators. This reference is an absolute must for all biological chemists, clinical investigators, and pathologists. Students of these professions will find this reading both informative and useful as well.

Understanding Human Anatomy and Pathology: An Evolutionary and Developmental Guide for Medical Students provides medical students with a much easier and more comprehensive way to learn and understand human gross anatomy by combining state-of-the-art knowledge about human anatomy, evolution, development, and pathology in one book. The book adds evolutionary, pathological, and developmental information in a way that reduces the difficulty and total time spent learning gross anatomy by making learning more logical and systematic. It also synthesizes data that would normally be available for students only by consulting several books at a time. Anatomical illustrations are carefully selected to follow the style of those seen in human anatomical atlases but are simpler in their overall configuration, making them easier to understand without overwhelming students with visual information. The book's organization is also more versatile than most human anatomy texts so that students can refer to different sections according to their own learning styles. Because it is relatively short in length and easily transportable, students can take this invaluable book anywhere and use it to understand most of the structures they need to learn for any gross anatomy course.

This volume covers advances in the field of respiratory diseases, reflecting the recent and dramatic expansion of knowledge regarding the determinants of respiratory health, screening tests for early pulmonary lesions, therapeutic interventions for respiratory infections and strategies for prevention. It examines indoor and outdoor environmental sources of respiratory diseases, including levels of pollutants, air conditioning, indoor air quality and airborne allergens. Exploring ways to promote the respiratory health of both the individual and the community, Prevention of Respiratory Diseases covers areas including: the role of most of the known extrinsic and potentially preventable determinants in respiratory diseases; developments in epidemiology and children's respiratory health; the relationship between respiratory diseases and occupations; individual sensitivity or susceptibility to the effects of air pollutants; genetic, epidemiological and immunological markers, markers for bronchial cancer and the protease-antiprotease system; and the connection between tobacco smoke and respiratory diseases.;This resource is intended for pulmonologists, clinical immunologists and allergists, oncologists, physiologists, infectious disease specialists, respiratory therapists and graduate and medical school students in these disciplines.

This book presents 200 single best answer-style and 50 extended matching question-style questions arranged by sub-specialty area as well as a practice exam of random questions. It provides medical students with a useful source for exam revision as well as supplementing their knowledge.

This book presents current recommendations for vaccination for pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis in all suitable target populations and groups. It provides immunization guidelines from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration for health care workers and others at occupational risk of exposure and for routine vaccinations by the Immune Practices Advisory Committee of the Centers for Disease Control.;Covering all aspects of the production, testing and applications of Hepatitis B vaccines, this book: lists all available vaccines worldwide; discusses all serological assays in the field; examines how the vaccine was tested in international clinical trials; describes new programmes for universal immunization of infants; and reveals how the vaccine may prevent some forms of hepatocellular carcinoma.;The book should be of interest to: infectious disease specialists, clinical virologists, immunologists, haematologists, oncologists, hepatologists and gastroenterologists, paediatricians, pharmacologists, molecular biologists, biochemists, biotechnologists, genetic engineers, occupational safety administrators and public health specialists; and upper level undergraduate, graduate and medical school students of these disciplines.

This work presents the results of a comprehensive study of literature on patents, patent applications and other literature, such as journal articles. The survey covers literature published from the United States, Japan and Western Europe between January 1980 and April 1991. The authors have made a selection of many hundreds of documents on immunoassay procedures and systemized them according to entries listed in the contents. The book covers many basic procedures which may form a foothold to new interesting methods, kits and devices. It should be of interest to chemists, pharmacologists and bioengineers.

Focusing on all the major cytokine families, this reference book provides coverage of cytokine regulatory processes in the lung and other tissues and comprehensive descriptions of cytokine functions specific to the lung.;Discussing the diverse cytokine-binding proteins and the role of cytokines in tissue injury and repair processes and extracellular matrix regulations, the book supplies information on amino acid structure and gene regulatory sequences, examines the receptor biology of individual cytokines, illustrates cytokine interactions with their cognate receptors and surveys the phenotypic effects of individual cytokines on target cells. With over 2700 literature citations and figures, this book is a resource for pulmonologists, physiologists, immunologists, cell and molecular biologists, environmental toxicologists, oncologists, and graduate-level and medical school students in these disciplines.

This book demonstrates that nutrients play a direct role as co-factors and regulators of the immune system. The book also shows that modulating the immune response with nutrients can provide a fundamental approach to preventive medicine.;Containing nearly 2300 bibliographic citations as well as illustrative figures, tables, and micrographs, this book is designed to be of interest to clinical immunologists, immunology and vitamin researchers, nutrition specialists, paediatricians, neonatologists, and upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and medical school students in these disciplines.

This reference spotlights the immunologic aspects of applying interferon-gamma to the treatment of infectious diseases - revealing the current knowledge of the biology and potential utility of interferon-gamma.;Written by more than 30 leading investigators in the field, Anti-Infective Applications of Interferon-Gamma: presents information according to specific patient populations and pathogens; focuses on only the most promising of emerging therapeutic agents; furnishes a detailed update of the pleiotropic role of interferon-gamma in host defense; and studies clinical and preclinical experiences in a broad variety of disease indications.;Containing over 900 bibliographic citations for further research, this book should be useful for infectious disease specialists, pharmacologists, immunologists, surgeons, pediatricians, parasitologists, hematologists, virologists, microbiologists, pathologists, oncologists and tropical medicine specialists.

Blood Science The second edition of the leading introduction to blood science, with updated new illustrations and case studies Blood Science: Principles and Pathology integrates hematology and blood transfusion, -clinical biochemistry, and immunology to provide a thorough introduction to this rapidly expanding discipline. Reflecting recent changes in education and training for healthcare scientists, this comprehensive textbook covers the analytical techniques used in blood -science, the diagnosis and management of various blood disorders, and more. Fully revised, the second edition presents new case studies and high-quality images -throughout, illustrating the practical skills and knowledge required by today's under-graduate students and practitioners. Detailed yet accessible chapters contain learning objectives and summaries, links to further readings and resources, and real-world case studies with easy-to-follow interpretations. Throughout the text, the authors highlight how laboratory data and clinical details are used to investigate patients with actual or suspected diseases in real-world scenarios: Multi-disciplinary view merging biochemical, hematological, immunological, and genetical knowledge into a single discipline: Blood science Discusses advances in molecular genetics identifying mutations resulting in the occurrence of certain pathological conditions such as leukaemia Presents an expanded concluding chapter with detailed case reports that integrate biochemistry, immunology, and haematology, which all contribute to the investigation of respective conditions Explains the potentials for developing tests such as non-coding RNAs Offers further reading suggestions to dive even deeper into discussed subjects and concepts Designed to meet the needs of undergraduate students taking blood science modules in biomedical, biological, and healthcare science programs, Blood Science: Principles and Pathology, Second Edition is also an invaluable guide for new graduates entering the field, as well as those training for professional qualifications or working with blood samples in laboratory-based environments.