This book provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of the genitourinary tumor pathology field and the most contemporary insights regarding specimen submission, histologic morphology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular studies useful in the diagnosis of genitourinary neoplasms. Discussion of the clinical implications of pathological findings is contributed by renowned clinicians in the field. This handsome volume guides the reader through the intricacies of genitourinary tumor pathology, diagnosis, reporting, and prognosis. Written by experts in the field, Genitourinary Pathology: Practical Advances is of great value to anatomic pathologists, urologists, fellows in genitourinary pathology, as well as upper level residents training in pathology.

Leading basic researchers and clinical scientists describe in detail a wide variety of established and cutting-edge techniques they have developed to study the lifecycle and biological properties of the human papillomavirus. The authors use these readily reproducible methods, ranging from PCR to propagation of HPV in vitro, to detect and type papillomavirus infections, study the papillomavirus lifecycle, and to produce and functionally analyze papillomavirus proteins. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Medicine (TM) series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principles behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.

This text atlas, now in its second edition, presents in simplest form the basic diagnostic criteria used by the electron microscopist in studying neoplasms and other diseases encountered in the routine practice of pathology. Every field of electron microscopy is covered and low magnification plates are juxtaposed with higher magnifications to illustrate diagnostic features.The largest section of the book is devoted to neoplasms as this is the area in which most diagnostic problems occur. Renal glomerular disease is another important category in which ultrastructural study may be critical in diagnosis; infectious diseases, especially those of viral, protozoan, and unusual bacterial etiologies, are a third area in which electron microscopy may be used to establish or susbstantiate a diagnosis. All of these areas are comprehensively covered with concise, readable text and more than 800 first-quality images. This book is the preeminent reference for pathologists needing current information on the role of ultrastructure in diagnostic pathology.

This book covers current aspects of important infectious diseases affecting human and animal health in Latin American countries. Readers are equipped with details on arthropod vectors as well as on neglected health problems. Diseases covered include Neglected Tropical Diseases such as Chagas Disease, schistosomiasis, tungiasis, myiasis and leishmaniasis, but also Zika and Chikungunya viral infections, plague and yellow fever. One focus is given on parasitic transmission routes. In addition, the authors describe current therapeutic options and sustainable control measures, considering both human and animal health. By highlighting options within the interdisciplinary One Health approach, they round off this work into a cutting-edge reference for diverse expert readers. Scientists and clinicians concerned on public health, entomology, tropical medicine and parasitology not only in Latin America will find this collection particularly valuable. Finally, these contributions are essential in the framework of the Sustainable Development Goals and the targets of SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-being) in order to combat and end epidemics of Neglected Tropical Diseases.

This guide provides a comprehensive review of the full spectrum of hypertension in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Targeted towards the busy practitioner, the focus of this volume is on various therapies and how to lower blood pressure through lifestyle changes. Specialist patient populations and hypertension and causes of hypertension are also covered in detail. Clinically-focused and authoritative, this resource offers a rationalized approach to diagnosing and treating hypertension in CKD.

This issue of Surgical Pathology Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Elizabeth G. Demicco, focuses on Soft Tissue Pathology. Topics include, but are not limited to, Prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in sarcoma, Mesenchymal tumors with SMARC deficiency, Mesenchymal tumors with EWSR1-rearrangements, Update on fatty tumors, Pleomorphic sarcomas, Update on peripheral nerve sheath tumors, Beyond leiomyosarcoma - other mesenchymal tumors of the gynecologic tract, Non-Ewing small round cell tumors, Update on myogenic sarcomas, Radiation-associated Sarcomas, Practical application of cytology, and Update on molecular diagnostics in vascular tumors.

This issue of Clinics in Laboratory Medicine, guest edited by Dr. Indira Guleria, will focus on New Pipeline of Immunoregulatory Molecules and Biomarkers in Transplantation. Topics include, but are not limited to, T Regulatory cells in Stem cells and Solid organ transplantation, Genetic Polymorphism in Cytokines and Costimulatory Molecules in Stem Cell and Solid Organ Transplantation, microRNAs and Transplantation, Role of B Regulatory Cells in Transplant Tolerance, Complement Activation, Biomarkers in Stem Cell Transplantation, Biomarkers of Transplant Tolerance at the Fetomaternal Interface, Signaling molecules in Transplantation and Post-Transplantation Cancer, Donor specific HLA antibodies as Biomarkers of Transplant Rejection, Novel Targets of Immunosuppression in Transplantation, Nanotechnology and Immune therapies in Transplantation, Role of Costimulatory Pathways in Transplant Tolerance, and Microbiota and Immune system and Implications.

Cells respond to environmental cues through a complex and dynamic network of signaling pathways that normally maintain a critical balance between cellular proliferation, differentiation, senescence, and death. One current research challenge is to identify those aberrations in signal transd- tion that directly contribute to a loss of this division-limited equilibrium and the progression to malignant transformation. The study of cell-signaling m- ecules in this context is a central component of cancer research. From the knowledge of such targets, investigators have been able to productively advance many insightful hypotheses about how a particular cancer cell may misinterpret, or respond inappropriately to, growth regulatory cues in their environment. Despite these key insights, the rapidly evolving nature of cell signaling research in cancer has necessitated a continuous revision of these theoretical constructs and the updating of methods used in their study. One contemporary example of the evolution of this field is provided by an analysis of the Human Genome Project data, which reveal a previously unsuspected diversity in the multigene families encoding for most signaling pathway int- mediates. In assessing the usefulness of a particular methodological approach, therefore, we will need to keep in mind that there is a premium on those p- tocols that can be easily adapted for the analysis of multiple members within a gene family. Cancer Cell Signaling: Methods and Protocols brings together several such methods in cell signaling research that are scientifically grounded within the cancer biology field.

Diagnosing and treating hair disorders is still a subject that is rarely or only superficially covered in residency training. Hence, dermatopathologists and clinical dermatologists often find a gap in their knowledge. A new edition of an acclaimed text, An Atlas of Hair Pathology with Clinical Correlations, Second Edition bridges this gap and serves as a primer, an atlas, and a reference. Features: Supplies basic information on anatomy Examines clinical features that provide a clinical / pathological correlation Details the practical processes of evaluating specimens Includes new photographs demonstrating basic and advanced histologic features of hair disease Explores several new diagnoses Disorders in this edition include senescent balding, loose anagen hair syndrome, psoriatic alopecia, and psoriatic alopecia, and chemotherapy-induced alopecia. The book also contains a glossary of terms related to hair pathology.

Death Investigation: A Field Guide, Second Edition is updated and expanded to include a chronological analysis of the death scene investigative process from the first notification to the autopsy and final report. This book is written for the standpoints of a forensic pathologist and a forensic toxicologist emphasizing essential elements of the death investigation and how the results impact the final cause and manner of death. Topics discussed include how to assess the body at the scene and how to properly investigate natural and unnatural deaths. The book discusses various means and causes of deaths, demonstrating how death manifests in various parts of the body. A section on traumatic injuries examines and illustrates with color photographs blunt force, sharp force, gunshot wounds, and a host of other injuries that the investigator is likely to confront. Natural death conditions and disease are discussed in a separate chapter devoted to the most common manner of death. The Second Edition is fully updated with new added sections which cover forensic toxicology, statutory responsibilities, documentation and photography of the scene, DNA identification and possible contamination issues, decomposition, managing and utilizing electronic medical records, anaphylaxis and allergic reactions, infectious diseases such as Covid-19, acute peritonitis, and more. Despite including over 200 full-color photos, the book retains a succinct, handy format that is invaluable to those facing, and tasked with investigating, the reality of death on a day-to-day basis. Death Investigation: A Field Guide, Second Edition continues to serve as an invaluable resource for Crime Scene Investigators (CSIs), coroners, Medical Death Investigators (MDI), and medical examiner professionals.

Microbiome and Metabolome in Diagnosis, Therapy, and Other Strategic Applications is the first book to simultaneously cover the microbiome and the metabolome in relevant clinical conditions. In a pioneering fashion, it addresses not only the classic intestinal environment, but also the oral, gastric, lung, skin and vaginal microbiome that is in line with the latest investigations. Nonbacterial microbiomes, such as fungi and viruses are not overlooked, and the plasma microbiome is also discussed. As plasma, brain, placenta, tumor cells, and other sterile fluids and tissues, are increasingly recognized to potentially host a microbiome, albeit a limited one, this is a timely resource. The book's editors were fortunate to have the input of renowned collaborators from nearly all continents. This is truly an international effort that brings the latest in the field to students and professionals alike.

This is the first comprehensive book on human/animal gene responses to RNA viral infections, including prevalent, emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses such as HIV, SARS-CoV, West Nile virus, influenza virus and many others. Human gene responses are reviewed by leading virologists worldwide in the following aspects: (i) the altered gene expression profiles at the transcriptional and translational levels detected with cutting-edge technologies such as cDNA microarray and proteomics; (ii) host innate and adapted immune responses to viral replication in target organs; (iii) virus-activated signal transduction pathways in cell survival, apoptosis and autophagosomal pathways; and (iv) the small interfering RNA/microRNA-mediated gene silencing pathway, a recently characterized new host defense mechanism against viral infection. Organized into 27 highly accessible and well-illustrated chapters, this volume explores state-of-the-art knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of RNA virus infection and host virus interactions. This comprehensive compilation of the altered gene expression profiles and signal transduction pathways in host cells in response to the majority of human/animal RNA viruses opens new directions for basic and clinical research on viral pathogenesis, and also provides valuable biomarkers for researchers to select gene targets in the development of diagnostic tests and antiviral therapeutics for a number of infectious diseases.

This book presents new insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of systemic diseases recently discovered to be due to specific defects in molecular assemblies, organelles, or other subcellular structures. This new information, of great importance to medical students, physicians, and basic scientists, has not been incorporated into major medical textbooks. The volume will be an important resource for medical or graduate students, investigators and physicians, as it covers major new insights into diverse diseases and concepts missing from pathology textbooks. Each of the ten chapters in the book is written by a leader in the field.

Whether you are following a problem-based, an integrated or a more traditional medical course, clinical biochemistry is often viewed as one of the more challenging subjects to grasp. What you need is a single resource that not only explains the biochemical underpinnings of metabolic medicine, but also integrates laboratory findings with clinical practice. You will find all this, and more, in the eighth edition of Clinical Biochemistry and Metabolic Medicine. This well-respected text provides comprehensive and measured guidance to this complex area, reflecting the ongoing changes in our understanding of clinical biochemistry while preserving the acknowledged strenghths of previous editions: readability, a firm basis in the underlying science and a clear focus on clinical applicability.

This inaugural issue of Advances in Molecular Pathology will provide a comprehensive review of the most current practices, trends, and developments in the field of Molecular Pathology. Publishing on an annual basis, the volume will be divided into 7 sections: Genetics, Hematopathology, Infectious Disease, Pharmacogenomics, Informatics, Solid tumors, and Identity/HLA. Led by Dr. Gregory Tsongalis of Dartmouth University, a team of experienced pathologists from institutions across the country oversee annual topic and expert author selection. Topics discussed in this volume include, but are not limited to: whole genome sequencing in critically ill children, bioinformatics in clinical genomic sequencing, comprehensive monitoring of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia, genetic biomarkers in the biology and clinical workup of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, metagenomics in infectious disease, point of care molecular testing, pharmacogenomics in oncology, clinical uses of panel testing vs. single gene testing, large scale data sharing initiatives in genomic oncology, clinical NGS assays for solid tumors emerging concepts in liquid biopsy the cell line and tissue misidentification problem, and cell line detective work.

This issue of Medical Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Cheston B. Cunha, is devoted to Antimicrobial Stewardship. Articles in this issue include: Principles of Antimicrobial Stewardship; Antibiotic Resistance in Stewardship; Therapy of Resistant Organisms: A Stewardship Approach; Optimal Antibiotic Dosing Strategies; The Importance of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Antimicrobial Stewardship; Role of Education in Antimicrobial Stewardship; Role of the Hospital Epidemiologist in Antimicrobial Stewardship; Role of the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory in Antimicrobial Stewardship; Role of New and Rapid Diagnostics In Antimicrobial Stewardship; Antimicrobial Stewardship in the Community Hospital; Antimicrobial Stewardship in Long-Term Care Facilities; Role of the Pharmacist in Antimicrobial Stewardship; Pharmacoeconomic Considerations of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs; Principles of IV-to-PO Switch and PO therapy; Role of Technology in Antimicrobial Stewardship; and Metrics of Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs.

Combined fields of Microbiology and Nanotechnology have been most successful in providing novel solutions for protecting the health of humans and environment. This book covers the implications of nano-strategies to combat bacterial pathogens, applications of nanotechniques in microbiology, and innovative advances in the area of medical microbiology. Contents are divided into three sections -- Nanoscience in controlling bacterial pathogens, Nanoscience in Microbiology, Medical Microbiology. This volume is going to provide timely information about the technological advances of Nanoscience in the domain of Microbiology, with a special emphasis on Pathobiology. The book is a useful read for students and researchers in microbiology, nanotechnology and medical microbiology.

This issue of Clinics in Laboratory Medicine will focus on Clinical Pathology and is edited by Geza S. Bodor. Topics include, but are not limited to, Steroid measurement / Salivary cortisol measurement, Protein testing by LCMSMS, LCMSMS in the Clinical Laboratory, Laboratory Standards for Clinical LCMSMS, The need to teach LCMSMS to clinical laboratory scientists, MALDI-TOF in the clinical laboratory, MALDI TOF MS in the clinical microbiology laboratory, LCMSMS method development consideration in clinical laboratory practice, Cancer diagnosis using mass spectrometry, Adulteration and LCMSMS drug testing, Diagnosis of inherited metabolic disorders using LCMSMS, Harmonization of LCMSMS protein assays, Vitamin D testing by LCMSMS versus by immunoassay, Pain management testing by LCMSMS, and Development of FDA approved clinical mass spectrometer.

This detailed volume provides the increasing number of SARS-CoV-2 researchers with a useful handbook covering multidisciplinary approaches on various aspects of SARS-CoV-2 research, brought together by leading laboratories across the globe. Topics covered include techniques in clinical and diagnostic virology, basic protocols in cell and virus culture, as well as bioinformatics and proteomics approaches in cellular response studies. This comprehensive collection also covers methods in immunology, animal models, antivirals and vaccine development strategies, as well as biorisk and mitigation measurements for SARS-CoV-2 research. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include the kind of detailed implementation advice that is vital for success in the lab. Practical and timely, SARS-CoV-2: Methods and Protocols serves as an ideal guide for scientists investigating this prevalent and perilous RNA virus and the novel coronavirus disease that results from it.

This volume aims to describe a variety of techniques that reflects the wide range of research currently performed in the field of coronavirology, and begins with an overview of current understandings of coronavirus replication and pathogenesis to introduce specialists and non-specialists to the field. The rest of the book is divided into several sections of chapters beginning with those that describe identification, diagnosis, and study of the evolution of coronaviruses. The next few chapters discuss the preparation of cells and organ cultures useful in propagating coronaviruses and titration techniques, as well as techniques for analyzing virus functions that require purification of the viruses. The next chapters describe two commonly used reverse genetics techniques for coronaviruses, and techniques detailing identification of cellular receptors, binding profiles of viral attachment proteins, and virus-cell fusion. The final chapters cover a broad spectrum of techniques to identify virus-host protein-protein interactions, confirm the functional role of these proteins in virus replication, study host cell responses through genome-wide or pathway-specific approaches, and visualize virus replication complexes. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, the chapters include the kind of detailed description and implementation advice that is crucial for getting optimal results in the laboratory. Authoritative and practical, Coronaviruses: Methods and Protocols appeals to a wide variety of scientists because it highlights techniques that are currently used in the coronovirology field, while also discussing practices applicable to other virology fields.

Biomolecular Free Radical Toxicity: Causes and Prevention provides a comprehensive overview of biomolecular injury. By discussing recent research and providing interpretations of the available data, this unique and timely book explores the causes of biomolecular injury and the possible routes to its prevention. Split into three sections, the book covers:
* macromolecular mechanisms of injury and the role of antioxidants;
* gene expression and cell mediated mechanisms of toxicity expression; and,
* human and environmental health effects.
Written by experts in the field, Biomolecular Free Radical Toxicity: Causes and Prevention will be invaluable to researchers specialising in food and nutrition-based toxicology, biomolecular sciences, biochemistry, genetics, environmental biomonitoring, drug metabolism and carcinogenesis.

This issue of Surgical Pathology Clinics, edited by Dr. John Hart, focuses on Liver Pathology. Topics include--but are not limited to--Hereditary cholestatic disorders; Autoimmunity in the liver; Fibrolamellar carcinoma; Hepatocellular adenoma; Infections/granulomas in the liver; HCV and direct acting antivirals; Lymphomas in the liver; Viral hepatitis; NASH; Drug induced liver injury; PBC and AIH; Liver transplant; Frozen sections of the liver; Hepatocellular carcinoma; and Cholangiocarcinoma.

The accurate and reliable diagnosis of transmissible diseases is the most powerful weapon available to ensure their control, and in some cases eradication. The detection of parasites in clinical cases, companion and farm animals, and in the environment is relatively easy since many of them are visible to the naked eye, and those that are not are readily detected by light microscopy. Fungal infections can similarly be determined. Bacteria are somewhat harder to detect. Although their presence can frequently be detected by light microscopy, differential diagnosis, beyond their gross morphology, is almost always impossible. However, most bacterial pathogens can be cultured in the laboratory and can be accurately identified by combinations of a series of simple tests such as morphology, staining, antibiotic sensitivity, biochemical analyses, nutrient dependence, and phage sensitivity. Viruses, however, have proved much more difficult; their size and absolute dependence of the host cell for propagation have rendered useless the methods traditionally used for other microorganisms. Until the development of tissue culture in the middle of this century, diagnosis was entirely dependent on the skill and experience of the clinician. But this was an unreliable process since many of the common virus infections exhibit similar clinical symptoms, such as coryza, exanthema, vomiting, diarrhea, neuralgia, and lethargy. Indeed many viral infections display clinical signs that are indistinguishable from bacterial or parasitic infections.

Over the last ten years, much effort has been devoted to improving the biophysical techniques used in the study of viruses. This has resulted in the visualization of these large macromolecular assemblages at atomic level, thus providing the platform for functional interpretation and therapeutic design. Structural Virology covers a wide range of topics and is split into three sections. The first discusses the vast biophysical methodologies used in structural virology, including sample production and purification, confocal microscopy, mass spectrometry, negative-stain and cryo-electron microscopy, X-ray crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The second discusses the role of virus capsid protein structures in determining the functional roles required for receptor recognition, cellular entry, capsid assembly, genome packaging and mechanisms of host immune system evasion. The last section discusses therapeutic strategies based on virus protein structures, including the design of antiviral drugs and the development of viral capsids as vehicles for foreign gene delivery. Each topic covered will begin with a review of the current literature followed by a more detailed discussion of experimental procedures, a step in the viral life cycle, or strategies for therapeutic development. With contributions from experts in the field of structural biology and virology this exceptional monograph will appeal to biomedical scientists involved in basic and /or applied research on viruses. It also provides up-to-date reference material for students entering the field of structural virology as well as scientists already familiar with the area.

Highly illustrated and conveniently templated for quick reference, Atlas of Liver Pathology, 4th Edition, is a useful Atlas and text for every practicing pathologist or trainee who assesses liver biopsy specimens. From cover to cover, it contains all the information needed to identify histologic features and correlate them with clinical findings, offering a clearer understanding of the clinical implications of the disease as it relates to treatment. More than 1,200 high-quality, full-color images and illustrations provide you with a complete visual guide to the vast majority of liver diseases and assist in the diagnoses of biopsy and resected liver specimens. Provides clear, templated information for each disease: Major Morphologic Features; Special Stains; Differential Diagnoses; Clinical and Biologic Behavior; and Treatment and Prognosis.  Incorporates relevant data from ancillary techniques (immunohistochemistry, cytology, cytogenetics and molecular genetics), giving you the necessary tools required to master the latest breakthroughs in diagnostic technology.  Incorporates the latest diagnostic biomarkers and their utility in differential diagnoses, newly described variants, and new histologic entities.  Contains two new chapters on liver biopsy interpretation and autoimmune hepatitis.  Features concise, bulleted text and abundant tables that cover common as well as rare diseases, differential diagnoses, and more.  An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, tables, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.