Based upon lectures presented at an invitational colloquium in honor of Nico Frijda, this collection of essays represents a brief and up-to-date overview of the field of emotions, their significance and how they function. For most, emotions are simply what we feel, giving our lives affective value. Scientists approach emotions differently -- some considering the "feeling" aspect to be of little relevance to their research questions. Some investigators consider emotions from a phenomenological perspective, while others believe that the psychophysiological bases of the emotions are of prime importance, and still others observe and study animals in order to generate hypotheses about human emotions. Containing essays which represent each of these approaches, this book is in one sense a heterogenous collection. Nevertheless, the variety of approaches and interests come together, since these scholars are all operating from a more or less cognitive psychological orientation and use the same conceptual reference scheme. Written by experts in their own area, the essays reflect the richness of research in emotions. Whether these approaches and opinions can be harmonized into a single theory of emotions is a question which the future will have to answer.

This volume covers the 22nd Annual Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology. The theme of the conference was the use of a systematic approach to the study of development. An analysis of systems theory, its applications to the study of development, its benefits, and its drawbacks are considered. The contributors, among the leaders in this field, discuss the application of systems concepts to the analysis of core issues in areas as diverse as motor and social development.

Originally published in 1989, this sourcebook for anatomic studies in the neuropsychology of visual perception contains chapters on disorders of visual agnosias, impaired object perception and spatial neglect, and abnormal visual imagery. The neurological basis of visual perception and the disorders that result from brain damage are discussed. At the time the chapters in this volume constituted a state of the art survey in this area and provided data that were essential for the development of models of normal image and object formation.

Originally published in 1987, this book, attempted to bring together work by researchers concerned with the functional and neurological mechanisms underlying visual object processing, and the ways in which such mechanisms can be neurologically impaired. The editors termed it a 'Cognitive Neuropsychological' approach, because they believed it tried to relate evidence from neurological impairments of visual object processing to models of normal performance in a new and important way. Two broad aims are apparent. One is to test models of normal performance by evaluating how well the models account for the patterns of impairment and preservation of abilities that can occur following brain damage. The other is to use models of normal performance to further their understanding of acquired disorders of visual object processing. These aims distinguish the approach from neuropsychological work whose primary aim is to relate acquired deficits to the sites of damage, and from work in the field of cognitive psychology which attempts only to develop models of normal performance.

Based upon lectures presented at an invitational colloquium in honor of Nico Frijda, this collection of essays represents a brief and up-to-date overview of the field of emotions, their significance and how they function. For most, emotions are simply what we feel, giving our lives affective value. Scientists approach emotions differently -- some considering the "feeling" aspect to be of little relevance to their research questions. Some investigators consider emotions from a phenomenological perspective, while others believe that the psychophysiological bases of the emotions are of prime importance, and still others observe and study animals in order to generate hypotheses about human emotions. Containing essays which represent each of these approaches, this book is in one sense a heterogenous collection. Nevertheless, the variety of approaches and interests come together, since these scholars are all operating from a more or less cognitive psychological orientation and use the same conceptual reference scheme. Written by experts in their own area, the essays reflect the richness of research in emotions. Whether these approaches and opinions can be harmonized into a single theory of emotions is a question which the future will have to answer.

A new model of therapeutic action, one that heals trauma and dissociation, is overtaking the mental- health field. It is not just trauma, but the dissociation of the self, that causes emotional pain and difficulties in functioning. This book discusses how people are universally subject to trauma, what trauma is and how to understand and work with normative as well as extreme dissociation. In this new model, the client and the practitioner are both traumatised and flawed human beings who affect each other in the mutual process that promotes the healing of the client-psychotherapy. Elizabeth Howell explains the dissociative, relational and attachment reasons that people blame and punish themselves. She covers the difference between repression and dissociation, and how Freud's exclusive focus on repression and the one-person fantasy Oedipal model impeded recognition of the serious consequences of external trauma, including child abuse. The book synthesises trauma/dissociation perspectives and addresses new structural models.

Cortical Functions is a companion to Kevin Silber's series title, The Physiological Basis of Behaviour and concentrates on the cerebral cortex, its structure, connections, functions and dysfunctions. John Stirling includes clinical descriptions and case studies to illustrate various forms of agnosia, aphasia and the split brain syndrome. Methods in neuropsychology are reviewed and other chapters provide comprehensive but straightforward coverage of the role of the brain in language, sensation, perception and movement.

This book provides an overview of Asphyxial Deaths which includes hanging, strangulation, choking, smothering, gagging, drowning, aspiration, mechanical and chemical asphyxiants, etc. Postmortem examination often leads to doubts as a clear distinction between the different type of asphyxia cannot be made easily. Forensic and physiological aspects are discussed with the help of illustrative cases. The author discusses the different aspects of asphyxia deaths and substantiates multiple case studies to establish a scientific approach that can act as a guideline to the autopsy surgeon in providing a precise opinion and clarify doubts for the judiciary involved in such criminal justice cases. Key Features * Presents individual case studies of Asphyxial deaths. * Covers the guidelines to be followed by the autopsy surgeons in different cases. * Discusses the physiological aspects of Asphyxial deaths in detail. * Illustrates the cases in a stepwise manner with more than 350 colored photographs of postmortem examination.

This volume consists of expanded and updated versions of papers presented at the Seventh Ontario Symposium on Personality and Social Psychology. The series is designed to bring together scholars from across North America who work in the same substantive area, with the goals of identifying common concerns and integrating research findings.
The topic of this symposium was the psychology of prejudice and the presentations covered a wide variety of issues. The papers present state-of-the-art research programs addressing prejudice from the point of view of both the bigoted person as well as the victim of bigotry. The chapter authors confront this issue from two major -- and previously separate -- research traditions: the psychology of attitude and intergroup conflict. The chapters are organized in the following sequence of topics: the determinants and consequences of stereotypes, individual differences in prejudicial attitudes, intergroup relations, the responses of victims to prejudice and discrimination, and an integrative summary/commentary. Illustrating both the diversity and vitality of research on the psychology of prejudice, the editors hope that this volume will stimulate further research and theorizing in this area.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is now a recognized major and international medical concern. Neglected for many years because of its puzzling wide range of symptoms and inability to be "slotted" into any single mainstream medical discipline, CFS has gained government, academic, and public attention. In this innovative book, Dr. Jay Goldstein provides a medical narrative of an "evolving theory" of how the symptoms of CFS may develop through dysfunction of numerous physiological pathways. He describes the biologic basis of these assumptions, and, based on an analysis of basic medical principles, leads the reader to logical conclusions. In addition, Dr. Goldstein reveals a wealth of clinical experience by describing successes and failures of various therapies and discusses the reasons for the outcomes. Dr. Goldstein s private practice is devoted to patients who fit the profile of a CFS sufferer. As a result, his extensive clinical experience has given him a unique hands-on perspective not readily available to most researchers.Chronic Fatigue Syndromes: The Limbic Hypothesis carefully reviews the extant research literature in each chapter. Although Dr. Goldstein cautions that this model should be viewed only as a PROMISING FOUNDATION for future research, no less than six peer reviewers, all leading researchers and clinicians in the CFS field, have endorsed the direction of Dr. Goldstein s bold proposition. The breadth and scope of this book is perhaps best summarized by Paul Cheney, MD, PhD, a national leader in the field: "Despite its long history, the medical establishment with its great advances in biotechnology has been largely unable to crack the basic pathophysiology of the chronic fatigue syndrome. . . . Dr. Goldstein s new book takes us to a place few people know well, and describes a plausible mechanism of injury to the deep brain which could explain every symptom seen in patients with] chronic fatigue syndrome. . . . It is the unifying power of his hypothesis, together with emerging scientific support for this view, that makes this book an important one to read for both the patient with CFS, as well as the practitioner and medical scientist who attempt to understand it."

Originally published in 1928, the preface reads: "It is almost impossible to distinguish between what is 'elementary' and what is 'advanced' in regard to the nervous system. The constitution and functions of that system are so little matters of common knowledge that it would be safe to assume that practically nothing of its physiology is known to the ordinary reader. The selection of what is necessary to be known and likely to be comprehended by readers who have no previous knowledge of anatomy and physiology is, therefore, no easy task. It is certain that in the opinion of some authorities much has been omitted that should have been included; one can but say in self-defence that to have included more than is here considered would have exceeded the limits of a treatise whose title is the A B C." Today it can be read and enjoyed in its historical context.

The immense growth of research on implicit and explicit memory is making it difficult to keep up with new methods and findings, to gauge the implications of new discoveries, and to ferret out new directions in research and theory development. The present volume provides a status report of work on implicit and explicit memory in the three areas that have contributed the bulk of what is known about this domain -- cognitive psychology, lifespan developmental psychology, and neuropsychology. Highlighting developments in methods, critical findings, and theoretical positions, this volume outlines promising new research directions. By so doing, it provides the reader with a multi-disciplinary perspective on implicit and explicit memory, and thereby enables a cross- fertilization of ideas and research.
The chapters that make up this volume were written by experts on the topic of implicit and explicit memory. These contributors were asked to write for a broad audience -- for their colleagues from allied disciplines, for new researchers, for advanced undergraduate and graduate students -- to help them gain a comprehensive overview of the mushrooming research on this topic, grasp the most fundamental empirical and theoretical issues, and focus on new research directions.

This volume offers a comprehensive view of posters presented at the VIIth International Conference on Event Perception and Action. Arranged in order of appearance of their corresponding symposia on the conference program, this collection of 80 miniature articles on event perception and action represents the work of 136 researchers from 13 countries.

Behavioral neurology is founded on lesions of cortical gray matter, but recently the contributions of cerebral white matter to cognitive and emotional dysfunction have also attracted attention. The Behavioral Neurology of White Matter surveys this broad and fascinating field from a clinical perspective. Stimulated by recent improvements in neuroimaging, white matter has been carefully studied, and its role in the operations of cognition and emotion clarified by correlations with clinical observations. The relevance of normal and abnormal white matter to behavioral neurology is apparent in every context where this question has been examined: in development, aging, and in a host of diseases, intoxications, and injuries. Since the first edition of this book in 2001, steady advances have been made in understanding the neurobiology of white matter and its clinical significance; this edition provides a comprehensive update on this rapidly expanding field. Every chapter has been extensively rewritten, including a comprehensive revision of the account of the neuropsychiatry of white matter, a particularly challenging area. The syndrome of white matter dementia is discussed in detail, and its refinement with new information is considered along with the proposal of mild cognitive dysfunction as a precursor syndrome in many clinical settings. In addition, two new chapters have been added, one on the emerging area of white matter changes associated with neurodegenerative disorders such Alzheimer's Disease, and another on neurologic aspects of white matter including intriguing new information on white matter plasticity. A unifying theme is the concept of connectivity, as it is clear the white matter forms an essential component of the widespread distributed neural networks by which cognition and emotion are organized. In addition to the microconnectivity within gray matter that subserves information processing, the macroconnectivity of white matter enables information transfer - both are critical for the functions of the human mind.

The concept of visual search embraces a wide range of processing activities, from human cognitive phenomana to applied problems for both human and machine vision in industrial, medical and military environments. This book, the second to be derived from the series of internationl conferences on visual search organized under the auspices of the Applied Vision Association, brings together research from a variety of disciplines, enabling the reader to share experiences at the cutting edge, accessing knowledge which might otherwise be locked away in specialist journals or grey literature.

Now available in paperback, Emotions and Reasons provides an evaluative theory of emotions that assigns emotion a role of its own in the justification of action. Patricia Greenspan's approach contrasts with both the Cartesian identification of emotions with particular sensations and the currently popular account of them in terms of evaluative judgements.

The major aim of this book is to introduce the ways in which scientists approach and think about a phenomenon -- hearing -- that intersects three quite different disciplines: the physics of sound sources and the propagation of sound through air and other materials, the anatomy and physiology of the transformation of the physical sound into neural activity in the brain, and the psychology of the perception we call hearing. Physics, biology, and psychology each play a role in understanding how and what we hear.
The text evolved over the past decade in an attempt to convey something about scientific thinking, as evidenced in the domain of sounds and their perception, to students whose primary focus is not science. It does so using a minimum of mathematics (high school functions such as linear, logarithmic, sine, and power) without compromising scientific integrity. A significant enrichment is the availability of a compact disc (CD) containing over 20 examples of acoustic demonstrations referred to in the book. These demonstrations, which range from echo effects and filtered noise to categorical speech perception and total more than 45 minutes, are invaluable resources for making the text come alive.

In the World Library of Psychologists series, international experts present career-long collections of what they judge to be their finest work-extracts from books, key articles, salient research findings and their major theoretical and practical contributions. This volume of self-selected papers recognises Professor Barbara A. Wilson's major contribution to the study of neuropsychology. Published over a 25-year period, the papers included here address the assessment, treatment and evaluation of rehabilitation provided to people who have memory difficulties arising from an injury or illness affecting the brain. This selection of papers includes work on errorless learning, the natural history of the development of compensatory memory systems, paging systems developed to enhance independent daily living for memory impaired people and single-case experimental designs to appraise the response of individual patients. The final section includes a practical framework for understanding compensatory behaviour, a model of cognitive rehabilitation and a discussion of the dilemmas created by the different aims of neuroscience as opposed to those of clinicians. This book will be of great interest to clinical psychologists, neuropsychologists, occupational therapists and speech and language therapists, along with anyone who is interested in reducing the impact of memory problems on people who have suffered brain injury.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is now a recognized major and international medical concern. Neglected for many years because of its puzzling wide range of symptoms and inability to be "slotted" into any single mainstream medical discipline, CFS has gained government, academic, and public attention. In this innovative book, Dr. Jay Goldstein provides a medical narrative of an "evolving theory" of how the symptoms of CFS may develop through dysfunction of numerous physiological pathways. He describes the biologic basis of these assumptions, and, based on an analysis of basic medical principles, leads the reader to logical conclusions. In addition, Dr. Goldstein reveals a wealth of clinical experience by describing successes and failures of various therapies and discusses the reasons for the outcomes. Dr. Goldstein's private practice is devoted to patients who fit the profile of a CFS sufferer. As a result, his extensive clinical experience has given him a unique hands-on perspective not readily available to most researchers.Chronic Fatigue Syndromes: The Limbic Hypothesis carefully reviews the extant research literature in each chapter. Although Dr. Goldstein cautions that this model should be viewed only as a PROMISING FOUNDATION for future research, no less than six peer reviewers, all leading researchers and clinicians in the CFS field, have endorsed the direction of Dr. Goldstein's bold proposition. The breadth and scope of this book is perhaps best summarized by Paul Cheney, MD, PhD, a national leader in the field:"Despite its long history, the medical establishment with its great advances in biotechnology has been largely unable to crack the basic pathophysiology of the chronic fatigue syndrome. . . . Dr. Goldstein's new book takes us to a place few people know well, and describes a plausible mechanism of injury to the deep brain which could explain every symptom seen in [patients with] chronic fatigue syndrome. . . . It is the unifying power of his hypothesis, together with emerging scientific support for this view, that makes this book an important one to read for both the patient with CFS, as well as the practitioner and medical scientist who attempt to understand it."

In this volume, Berkowitz develops the argument that experiential and behavioral components of an emotional state are affected by many processes: some are highly cognitive in nature; others are automatic and involuntary. Cognitive and associative mechanisms theoretically come into play at different times in the emotion-cognition sequence. The model he proposes, therefore, integrates theoretical positions that previously have been artificially segregated in much of the emotion-cognition literature.
The breadth of the implications of Berkowitz's theory is also reflected in the diversity of this book's companion chapters. Written by researchers whose work focuses on both social cognition and emotion, these articles provide important insights and possible extensions of the "cognitive-neoassociationistic" conceptualization developed in the target article. Although each chapter is a valuable contribution in its own right, this volume, taken as a whole, is a timely and important contribution both to social cognition and to research and theory on emotion per se.

This volume examines the ramifications of individual differences in therapy outcomes for a wide variety of communication disorders. In an era where evidence-based practice is the clinical profession's watchword, each chapter attacks this highly relevant issue from a somewhat different perspective. In some areas of communication disorders, considering the variance brought by the client into the therapeutic 'mix' has a healthy history, whereas in others the notion of how individual client profiles mesh with therapy outcomes has rarely been considered. Through the use of research results, case study descriptions and speculation, the contributors have creatively woven what we know and what we have yet to substantiate into an interesting collection of summaries useful for therapy programming and designing clinical research.

This collection of essays was written by former students, associates, admirers, critics and friends of Donald R. Griffin -- the creator of cognitive ethology. Stimulated by his work, this volume presents ideas and experiments in the field of cognitive ethology -- the exploration of the mental experiences of animals as they behave in their natural environment during the course of their normal lives. Cognitive Ethology discusses the possibility that animals may have abilities to experience, communicate, reason, and plan beyond those usually ascribed to them in a "black box" or "stimulus-response" interpretation of their behavior. Contributions from scientists who have been associated with or influenced by Griffin offer a lively array of views, some disparate from one another and some especially selected to present approaches contrary to his.

This important volume defines the state of the art in the field of emotion and memory by offering a blend of research review, unpublished findings, and theory on topics related to its study. As the first contemporary reference source in this area, it summarizes findings on implicit and explicit aspects of emotion and memory, addresses conceptual and methodological difficulties associated with different paradigms and current procedures, and presents broad theoretical perspectives to guide further research. This volume articulates the accomplishments of the field and the points of disagreement, and gives the brain, clinical, and cognitive sciences an invaluable resource for 21st-century researchers.
Citing and analyzing the results of experiments as well as field and case studies, the chapters are organized around methodological approaches, biological-evolutionary perspectives, and clinical perspectives, and bring together experts in neuroscience, and both cognitive and clinical psychology. Questions addressed include:
* What is the nature of emotional events and what do we retain from them?
* Is there something about emotional events that causes them to be processed differently in memory?
* Do emotional memories have special characteristics that differ from those produced by "ordinary" memory mechanisms or systems?
* Do people with emotional disturbances remember differently than normal people?
* Which factors play the most crucial role in functional amnesia?

First Published in 1988. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.