This book describes how neural circuitry develops epigenetically, in a manner that directly reflects early environmental influences. It provides a systematic and comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field, and discusses the structure and function of memory.

Research has suggested that childhood experiences confer risk/resilience for reactions to trauma in adulthood, and predictors and correlates of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) appear to differ developmentally. Research in PTSD has typically been conducted by either child or adult researchers with relatively little overlap or communication between the two camps. Developmental models of PTSD are necessary to fully understand the complex constellation of responses to trauma across the lifespan. Such models can inform study designs and lead to novel, developmentally-appropriate interventions. To this end, this book is organized in such a way as to present and integrate research into child, adult, and older adult trauma samples in an attempt to culminate in a testable model of PTSD risk and resilience across the lifespan. Each author incorporates a developmental slant to their individual chapter, and the chapters are organized to highlight potential differences in our understanding of risk and resiliency between children and adults. Initial chapters concerning pre- and peri-traumatic risk factors for PTSD lead into chapters reviewing specific risk and resilience factors in adults and children. Additional chapters focus on the impact of childhood trauma on adult functioning and the biology of PTSD in children, adults, and older adults. As PTSD rarely occurs in a 'pure' form, specific chapters focus on the impact of comorbid disorders in our understanding of PTSD, and the final chapters consider both psychosocial and pharmacological treatments for PTSD in children and adults.

Originally published in 1987 Rates of Evolution is an edited collection drawn from a symposium convened to bring together palaeontologists, geneticists, molecular biologists and developmental biologists to examine some aspects of the problem of evolutionary rates. The book asks questions surrounding the study of evolution, such as did large morphological changes really occur rapidly at various times in the geological past, or is the fossil record too imperfect to be of value in assessing rates of morphological change? What is the measure of 'rapid' change? Is stasis at any taxonomic level established? Is it possible to relate genomic and morphological change? What is the role of regulatory and executive genes in controlling evolutionary change? Does the transfer of genetic material between different taxa provide the possibility of increasing evolutionary rates? Featuring contributions from leading researchers, this book will interest anthropologists, palaeontology and scientists of evolution and genetics.

Longing: Psychoanalytic Musings on Desire is a contemporary, interdisciplinary exploration of one of psychoanalysis's most foundational and fascinating areas of investigation. This anthology explores the vicissitudes and varieties of desire, its public and private, normative and transgressive, its light and dark expressions. It examines desire in its relational, cultural, clinical, physical, sexual and aesthetic forms. Collectively, these essays demonstrate an understanding of the difficulties of identifying and realizing desire, precisely because it is multiple, omnipresent, shape-shifting, ongoing and, perhaps, always ultimately unfulfillable. They question whether desire is by definition something that cannot be satisfied, and contemplate how we relate to our desires? Interpersonal psychoanalytic practice and theory understands desire not merely as an intrapsychic drive but also as a force shaped by and shaping interpersonal relationships. From within this perspective, a number of the contributors examine a broad variety of clinical manifestations of desire as it struggles for expression or suppression.

Cognitive scientist Donald Hoffman's exploration of the extraordinary creative genius of the mind's eye "has many virtues, of which sheer intellectual excitement is the foremost" (Nature). Hoffman explains that far from being a passive recorder of a preexisting world, the eye actively constructs every aspect of our visual experience. In an informal style replete with illustrations, Hoffman presents the compelling scientific evidence for vision's constructive powers, unveiling a grammar of vision - a set of rules that govern our perception of line, color, form, depth, and motion. Hoffman also describes the loss of these constructive powers in patients such as an artist who can no longer see or dream in color and a man who sees his father as an impostor. Finally, Hoffman explores the spinoffs of visual intelligence in the arts and technology, from film special effects to virtual reality. This is, in sum, "an outstanding example of creative popular science" (Publishers Weekly).

Originally published in 1987, Human Evolution looks at theories of the evolution of human behaviour (contemporary at the time of publication). The book reviews competing theories of psychological and social evolution and provides a detailed historical introduction to the subject. A key theoretical concern which emerges in the book includes the psychological significance of the human evolution issue itself. The period of human evolution covered ranges from the demise of the Miocene hominoids, to the emergence of 'civilization'. Topics covered include: functions of 'origin myths', history of the study of human evolution, methods and data-bases, theories of the nature of 'hominisation', origins of bipedalism, language and tool-use, theories of social evolution, theories of cave art and the spread of Homo sapiens to America and Australia.

Originally published in 1933 Functional Affinities of Man, Monkeys and Apes gives a taxonomic and phylogenetic survey and the findings of diverse experimental investigations of lemurs, monkeys, and apes. The book discusses the inter-relationships of different Primates and emphasizes seldom-used approaches to the question of primate phylogeny. The book attempts to show how little they have been systematically tried, and argues for a regard to the proper place of functional investigations in the study of the classification and evolution of Primates. This book will be of interest to anthropologists, scientists and historians alike.

Psychologists are under increasing pressure to demonstrate the ecological validity of their assessment procedures--to show that the recommendations concluding their evaluations are relevant to urgent concerns in the legal and social policy arenas, such as predicting dangerousness, awarding compensation, and choosing a custodial parent. How much damage does a referred patient have? Who or what "caused" the damage? What impact will it have on his or her future life, work, and family? And what can be done to remediate the damage?
The purpose of this book is to provide "sound objective" methods for answering these questions. It integrates the knowledge of experienced practitioners who offer state-of-the-art summaries of the best current approaches to evaluating difficult cases with that of basic theorists who describe emerging methods in both predictive and inferential statistics, such as Bayesian networks, that have proven their value in other scientific fields. Arguably, the enterprise of psychological assessment is so interdependent with that of data analysis that attempts to make inferences without consideration of statistical implications is malpractice. "Prediction in Forensic and Neuropsychology: Sound Statistical Practices" clarifies the process of hypothesis testing and helps to push the clinical interpretation of psychological data into the 21st century. It constitutes a vital resource for all the stakeholders in the assessment process--practitioners, researchers, attorneys, and policymakers.

The field of drug addiction and substance abuse, which was initially confined to behavioral studies, has broadened dramatically. It now includes a vast array of cellular and molecular approaches as well as sophisticated electrophysiological and neurochemical methodologies that bridge the gap between cellular/molecular events and behavior. In many cases, these techniques are used to clarify and characterize specific dimensions of the addictive process or actions of potential abuse.

Methods of Drug Abuse Research: Cellular and Circuit Level Analyses assembles this information in one volume. It bridges the gap between cellular and molecular studies of drug actions and behavioral approaches to questions in drug abuse research. The book presents state-of-the-art technical information and critical reviews of the experimental strategies used to dissect the problem of compulsive drug use and addiction at the systems or whole brain level. Chapters provide examples of the use of neurochemical and delectrophysiological the techniques in drug studies, as well as insight into the pros and cons of these various experimental strategies.

Focusing on neurochemical and neurophysiological techniques that assess drug actions on neural circuits and neural networks in intact animals, this state-of-the-art reference provides detailed descriptions of procedures as well as methods and equipment used in experiments that often employ multiple technical approaches. Methods of Drug Abuse Research brings together pertinent issues in drug abuse research and systems level investigative techniques, thus allowing you to effectively grasp the critical conceptual and technical issues associated with modern drug abuse studies.

Neuroeconomics, neuromarketing, neuroaesthetics, and neurotheology are just a few of the novel disciplines that have been inspired by a combination of ancient knowledge together with recent discoveries about how the human brain works. The mass media are full of news items featuring colour photos of the brain, that show us the precise location in which a certain thought or emotion, or even love occurs, hence leading us to believe that we can directly observe, with no mediation, the brain at work. But is this really so? Even throughout the developed world, the general public has been seduced into believing that any study, research article, or news report, accompanied by a brain image or two is more reliable and more scientific, than one featuring more mundane illustrations.
This fascinating, accessible, and thought provoking new book questions our obsession with brain imaging. Written by two highly experienced psychologists, it discusses some of the familiar ideas usually associated wtih mind-body, brain-psyche, and nature-culture relationships, showing how the biased and unquestioning use of brain imaging technology could have significant cultural effects for all of us.

Starting with research by Nobel laureate Roger Sperry into split-brain patients, this book sets out the evidence that there is a conscious mind in each hemisphere of the human brain. Two forms of consciousness are distinguished, and the difference in the consciousness of each mind revealed. The two different pathways within the human visual system and their effect on human behaviour are described, as well as differences in the memories formed by each mind. Evidence for two minds in the intact human brain is analysed, including psychological experiments and every-day experiences such as sleep-walking and driving on "automatic pilot". Reasons are suggested to explain why the evidence from split-brain patients has been largely ignored, and the views of six authors who have addressed the issue are considered. The presence of two minds - each with its own memories, thoughts, desires, and decisions that are inaccessible to the other - has important implications for all those whose work involves the mind, including psychologists, psycho-therapists and lawyers.

These selections from Theodor Reik's work concern the love life and sexual activity of men and women. Reik establishes the theme of this work in the following way: "The sex urge hunts for lustful pleasure; love is in search of joy and happiness." Over a third of this volume had never been published in book form before it originally appeared half a century ago. Its appearance in paperback, for the first time, is a welcome addition to current debates, liberated from ideological and political constraints.

The first part of the book is so far ahead of its time that it is still current. It reveals Reik's departure from Freud's theories and from those of most of his contemporaries in psychology and psychoanalysis. Part Two is a greatly abbreviated version of Masochism in Modern Man, retaining those parts with a direct bearing on the subject of this volume. Part Three offers two essays on why people remain single. In the author's usual direct style, they deal with the marriage shyness of the male and the psychological fears and resistance of both men and women to acceptance of the marriage bond. Part Four is Reik at his wisest. "The first lady whom I asked to read the manuscript said smilingly: 'Many of your impressions about us (women) are correct. No man should read the book ' A few seconds later, she said: 'Or rather, every man should read the book '"

As Paul Roazen noted, "in contrast to some of Freud's other followers, Reik was prescient early on in distinguishing self-love from narcissism. Reik believed that genuine self-regard was the ultimate basis for developing the capacity to love."

At times Reik seems to defend women, at times to critique them. Yet he writes with sympathy and understanding. He challenges other authorities who have written on the subject, but he also agrees with many of them. Love and Lust is civilized writing at its most provocative. Reik is authoritative, and his book reflects the glow of a rich personality. It is mellow, but uncompromising.

This in-depth study focuses on black women migrants to the Northern states of America and in doing so examines the interaction of race, class, regionalism, and gender during the early years of the 20th century. This is a rare look at women migrants that provides both a cultural history of Cincinnati and the impact African-American women had on this community.

The goal of this book is to persuade students of animal learning that cognitive theorizing is essential for an understanding of the phenomena revealed by conditioning experiments. The authors also hope to persuade the cognitive psychology community that conditioning phenomena offer such a strong empirical foundation for a rigorous brand of cognitive psychology that the study of animal learning should reclaim a more central place in the field of psychology.

This large single volume dictionary defines and explains the great number of technical terms employed within those areas of neuropsychology and medicine that are strictly relevant to neuropsychology. While it does not cover wider areas such as pharmacology, psychiatry and neuropsychology, it includes all topics of direct interest to practicing neuropsychologists or those engaged on neuropsychological research with humans. Central to the book are a number of extended entries of over 8000 words which define and discuss key topics in the field. These are supported by a network of shorter entries ranging from 500 to 5000 words in length, and by a large number of glossary items which have been fully cross-referenced into the main entries.
The texts have been written around a standard set of brain diagrams which enable writers on different subjects to illustrate their entries with consistent visual resources. The editors have concentrated on producing a comprehensive reference book which will be use to undergraduates, clinical workers and researchers, postgraduates in clinical psychology, speech therapists, neurologists, neurosurgeons, and psychiatrists.

An inner core of self-respect and unconditional love exists within every human being. At birth, a child not only has the asset of perseverance, but also feels content with each mastered task. Motivation, knowledge, eagerness, and discipline are all assets that are enriched, lost, or suppressed based on a child's experiences and proximal environment. This book holds that trauma and affects of child trauma can be countered by positive reinforcement as described in the SAI Educare Programs. The book also assesses the internal Body-Mind-Spirit connection, critical phases of child development, and parental skills development.

In neuropsychological research on normal development relatively little interest has been devoted to age-related changes in school age. This is surprising in the light of the significance of the changes that take place in this period of life; the availability of normative data; and the ongoing research on neural development. The studies included in this issue take a closer look at normative data from school-age children of various ages in performances of attention, language, sensorimotor and perceptual functions, memory and learning, and functional asymmetries. It is hoped that this special issue will draw attention to the scarcity of data in this realm and to the possibilities of utilizing existing databases for study on normal development in school age.

Contents:
OVERVIEW
McEwen, B.S., 'Allostasis and Allostatic Load: Implications for Neuropsychopharmacology.' Neuropsychopharmacology 22 (2000).

STRESS AND MEMORY
Cahill, L., Prins, B., Weber, M., and McGaugh, J.L. 'Beta-Adrenergic Activation and Memory for Emotional Events.' Nature 371 (1994).
de Quervain, D.J., Roozendaal, B., and McGaugh, J.L. 'Stress and Glucocorticoids Impair Retrieval of Long-Term Spatial Memory.' Nature 394 (1998).

STRESS, CHILD ABUSE, AND BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
Francis, D., Diorio, J., Liu, D., and Meaney, M.J., 'Nongenomic Transmission Across Generations of Maternal Behavior and Stress Responses in the Rat.' Science 286 (1999).
Heim, C., Newport, D.J., Heit, S., Graham, Y.P., Wilcox, M., Bonsall, R., Miller, A.H., and Nemeroff, C.B. 'Pituitary-Adrenal and Autonomic Responses to Stress in Women After Sexual and Physical Abuse in Childhood.' Journal of American Medical Association 284 (2000).
Maccari, S., Piazza, P.V., Kabbaj, M., Barbazanges, A., Simon, H., and Le Moal, M. 'Adoption Reverses the Long-Term Impairment in Glucocorticoid Feedback Induced by Prenatal Stress.' Journal of Neuroscience 15 (1995).

DEGENERATION AND REGENERATION
Gould, E., Tanapat, P., McEwen, B.S., Flugge, G., and Fuchs, E. 'Proliferation of Granule Cell Precursors in the Dentate Gyrus of Adult Monkeys Is Diminished by Stress.' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 95 (1998).
Sapolsky, R.M., Uno, H., Rebert, C.S., and Finch, C.E. 'Hippocampal Damage Associated with Prolonged Glucocorticoid Exposure in Primates.' Journal of Neuroscience 10 (1990).
Sapolsky, R.M. 'Glucocorticoids and Hippocampal Atrophy in Neuropsychiatric Disorders.' Archive of General Psychiatry 57 (2000).

STRESS AND DRUG ADDICTION
Piazza, P.V. and Le Moal, M. 'The Role of Stress in Drug Self-Administration.' Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 19 (1998).

STRESS AND DEPRESSION
Wong, M.L., Kling, M.A., Munson, P.J., Listwak, S., Licinio, J., Prolo, P., Karp, B., McCutcheon, I.E., Geracioti, T.D., Jr., DeBellis, M.D., Rice, K.C., Goldstein, D.S., Veldhuis, J.D., Chrousos, G.P., Oldfield, E.H., McCann, S.M., and Gold, P.W. 'Pronounced and Sustained Central Hypernoradrenergic Function in Major Depression with Melancholic Features: Relation to Hypercortisolism and Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone.' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 97 (2000).

STRESS AND HEALTH
Marmot, M.G., Smith, G.D., Stansfeld, S., Patel, C., North, F., Head, J., White, I., Brunner, E., and Feeney, A. 'Health Inequalities Among British Civil Servants: The Whitehall II Study.' Lancet 337 (1991).
Marmot, M.G., Bosma, H., Hemingway, H., Brunner, E., and Stansfeld, S. 'Contribution of Job Control and Other Risk Factors to Social Variations in Coronary Heart Disease Incidence.' Lancet 350 (1997).

INTERVENTIONS
Habib, K.E., Weld, K.P., Rice, K.C., Pushkas, J., Champoux, M., Listwak, S., Webster, E.L., Atkinson, A.J., Schulkin, J., Contoreggi, C., Chrousos, G.P., McCann, S.M., Suomi, S.J., Higley, J.D., and Gold, P.W. 'Oral Administration of a Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Receptor Antagonist Significantly Attenuates Behavioral, Neuroendocrine, and Autonomic Responses to Stress in Primates.' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 97 (2000).

Contents:
OVERVIEW
National Institutes of Health Concensus Development Conference Statement Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (1998).
Swanson, J.M., Sergeant, J.A., Taylor, E., Sonuga-Barke, E.J., Jensen, P.S,, and Cartwell, D.P., 'Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Hyperkinetic Disorder,' Lancet 351 (1998).

GENETICS
Cook, E.H. 'Genetics of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.' Mental Retardation and Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews 5 (1999).
Eaves, L.J., Silberg, J.L., Meyer, J.M., Maes, H.H., Simonoff, E., Pickles, A., Rutter, M., Neale, M.C., Reynolds, C.A., Erikson, M.T., Heath, A.C., Loeber, R., Truett, K.R., and Hewitt, J.K. 'Genetics and Developmental Psychopathology: 2. The Main Effects of Genes and Environment on Behavioral Problems in the Virginia Twin Study of Adolescent Behavioral Development.' Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines 38 (1997).

NATURAL HISTORY
Biederman, J., Faraone, S., Milberger, S., Guite, J., Mick, E., Chen, L., Mennin, D., Marrs, A., Ouellette, C., Moore, P., Spencer, T., Norman, D., Wilens, T., Kraus, I., and Perrin, J. 'A Prospective 4-Year Follow-Up Study of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity and Related Disorders.' Archives of General Psychiatry 53 (1996),
Faraone, S.V., Biederman, J., Spencer, T., Wilens, T., Seidman, L.J., Mick, E., and Doyle, A.E. 'Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults: An Overview.' Biological Psychiatry 48 (2000).

EVOLUTION
Jensen, P.S., Mrazek, D., Knapp, P.K., Steinberg, L., Pfeffer, C., Schowalter, J., and Shapiro, T. 'Evolution and Revolution in Child Psychiatry: ADHD as a Disorder of Adaptation.' Journal of the American Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry 36 (1997).

NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
Castellanos, F.X., Giedd, J.N., Marsh, W.L., Hamburger, S.D., Vaituzis, A.C., Dickstein, D.P., Sarfatti, S.E., Vauss, Y.C., Snell, J.W., Lange, N., Kaysen, D., Krain, A.L., Ritchie, G.F., Rajapakse, J.C., and Rapoport, J.L. 'Quantitative Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.' Archive of General Psychiatry 53 (1996).
Peterson, B.S., Leckman, J.F., Tucker, D., Scahill, L., Staib, L., Zhang, H., King, R., Cohen, D.J., Gore, J.C., and Lombroso, P. 'Preliminary Findings of Antistreptococcal Antibody Titers and Basal Ganglia Volumes in Tic, Obsessive- Compulsive, and Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders.'Archives of General Psychiatry 57 (2000).
Swanson, J., Castellanos, F.X., Murias, M., LaHoste, G., and Kennedy, J. 'Cognitive Neuroscience of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Hyperkinetic Disorder.' Current Opinions in Neurobiology 8 (1998).
Zhuang, X., Oosting, R.S., Jones, S.R., Gainetdinov, R.R., Miller, G.W., Caron, M.G., and Hen, R. 'Hyperactivity and Impaired Response Habituation in Hyperdopaminergic Mice.' Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 98 (2001).

TREATMENT
MTA Cooperative Group. 'Moderators and Mediators of Treatment Response for Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: The Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.' Archives of General Psychiatry 56 (1999)
MTA Cooperative Group. 'A 14-Month Randomized Clinical Trial of Treatment Strategies for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.' Archives of General Psychiatry 56 (1999).
Safer, D.J. and Malever, M. 'Stimulant Treatment in Maryland Public Schools.' Pediatrics 106 (2000).
Zito, J.M., Safer, D.J., dosReis, S., Gardner, J.F., Boles, M., and Lynch, F. 'Trends in the Prescribing of Psychotropic Medications to Preschoolers.' Journal of the American Medical Association 283 (2000).

The Science of Mental Health is a one-stop resource for major issues and classic controversies in mental health. To create this valuable collection, a leading expert in the field has reviewed thousands of articles in hundreds of scientific journals. The result is an authoritative selection that represents the most significant research worldwide and provides a uniquely balanced perspective on the field.

Contents:
OVERVIEW
Allen, A. and Hollander, E. 'Body Dysmorphic Disorder.' Psychiatric Clinic of North America 23 (2000).
Groopman, J. 'The Doubting Disease: When is Obsession a Sickness?' The New Yorker (April 10, 2000).

EPIDEMIOLOGY
Horwath, E. and Weissman, M.M. 'The Epidemiology and Cross-National Presentation of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.' Psychiatric Clinic of North America 23 (2000).
Kadesjo, B. and Gillberg, C. 'Tourette's Disorder: Epidemiology and Comorbidity in Primary School Children.' Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 39 (2000).

GENETICS
Pauls, D.L., Raymond, C.L., Stevenson, J.M., and Leckman, J.F. 'A Family Study of Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome.' American Journal of Human Genetics 48 (1991).
Nestadt, G., Samuels, J., Riddle, M., Bienvenu, O.J. 3rd, Liang, K.Y., LaBuda, M., Walkup, J., Grados, M., and Hoehn-Saric, R. 'A Family Study of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.' Archives of General Psychiatry 57 (2000).

NATURAL HISTORY
Phillips, K.A., McElroy, S.L., Keck, P.E., Pope, H.G., and Hudson, J.I. 'Body Dysmorphic Disorder: 30 Cases of Imagined Ugliness.' American Journal of Psychiatry 2 (1993).
Riddle, M. 'Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and Adolescents.' British Journal of Psychiatry 35 (1998).
Skoog, G. and Skoog, I. 'A 40-Year Follow-Up of Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.' Archives of General Psychiatry 56 (1999).

NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
Graybiel, A.M., and Rauch, S.L. 'Toward a Neurobiology of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.' Neuron 28 (2000).
Leckman, J.F., and Riddle, M.A., 'Tourette's Syndrome. When Habit-Forming Systems Form Habits of Their Own?' Neuron 28 (2000).
Saxena, S. and Rauch, S.L. 'Functional Neuroimaging and the Neuroanatomy of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.' Psychiatric Clinic of North America 23 (2000).
Swedo, S.E., Leonard, H.L., Garvey, M., Mittleman, B., Allen, A.J., Perlmutter, S., Lougee, L., Dow, S., Zamkoff, J., and Dubbert, B.K. 'Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections: Clinical Description of the First 50 Cases.' American Journal of Psychiatry 155 (1998).
Kurlan, R. 'Tourette's Syndrome and 'PANDAS': Will the Relation Bear Out? Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with with Streptococcal Infection.' Neurology 50 (1998).
Peterson, B.S., Skudlarski, P., Anderson, A.W., Zhang, H., Gatenby, J.C., Lacadie, C.M., Leckman, J.F., and Gore, J.C. 'A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Tic Supression in Tourette's Syndrome.' Archives of General Psychiatry 55 (1998).
Szeszko, P.R., Robinson, D., Alvir, J.M., Bilder, R.M., Lencz, T., Ashtari, M., Wu, H., and Bogerts, B. 'Orbital Frontal and Amygdala Volume Reductions in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.' Archives of General Psychiatry 56 (1999).
Wolf, S.S., Jones, D.W., Knable, M.B., Gorey, J.G., Lee, K.S., Hyde, T.M., Coppola, R., and Weinberger, D.R. 'Tourette's Syndrome: Prediction of Phenotypic Variation in Monozygotic Twins by Caudate Nucleus D2 Receptor Binding.' Science 273 (1996).

Covering a wide range of diverse age-related disorders, Degenerative Disorders of the Brain addresses disabilities that occur or have their roots in the later stages of life. The book brings together an internationally recognised group of contributors to discuss frontostriatal, fronto-cerebellar and other major brain systems and structures which control and direct normal behaviour, and which can fail during the aging process, as well as addressing behavioural, clinical, pathophysiological and technical aspects. Discussing the latest clinical and behavioural findings of disorders which are largely, though not necessarily entirely, age related, including Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Parkinson's disease and related disorders, and Huntington's disease, the book covers information vital to the understanding, diagnosis, and management of degenerative disorders of the brain. It also considers the role of epigenetics, neural plasticity, and environmental enrichment in neurodegenerative disorders alongside the role of ground-breaking intervention methods, including transcranial magnetic stimulation and deep brain stimulation. Degenerative Disorders of the Brain will be of great interest to, and use for, clinicians, researchers, students, lecturers, and affected individuals and their relatives.

Plomp's "Aspects of Tone Sensation"--published 25 years ago--dealt with the psychophysics of simple and complex tones. Since that time, auditory perception as a field of study has undergone a radical metamorphosis. Technical and methodological innovations, as well as a considerable increase in attention to the various aspects of auditory experience, have changed the picture profoundly. This book is an attempt to account for this development by giving a comprehensive survey of the present state of the art as a whole. Perceptual aspects of hearing, particularly of understanding speech as the main auditory input signal, are thoroughly reviewed.

Developmental changes in cognitive abilities in childhood have long been of interest to researchers across many fields, including behavioral sciences, communications, education, and medicine. With the publication of research findings showing individual differences in the development of children's learning skills has come the realization that models, methodologies, and analysis approaches that include consideration of individual differences are needed. It has brought an increase in research collaborations among experts in different fields who bring different approaches together in studies of cognitive abilities. This work has yielded a growing body of knowledge about how children with normal abilities and those with developmental disorders learn, gain skills in social competency, develop decision making and planning abilities, and acquire language skills and the skills needed for reading and writing. More recently, researchers have sought to use this body of knowledge as a basis for the early identification of children at risk for cognitive delays and for the development and evaluation of intervention approaches. The chapters in this book review literature in five areas of cognition, and provide theory- and research-based information on the applications of research findings and intervention approaches. Throughout the chapters, information on the interactions of different cognitive abilities and the role of individual differences in development that influences development assessments is included.

The model system of eyeblink classical conditioning in humans has enormous potential for the understanding and application of fundamental principles of learning. This collection makes classical conditioning accessible to teachers and researchers in a number of ways. The first aim is to present the latest developments in theory building. Second, as background for the current directions, Eyeblink Classical Conditioning, Volume I presents an overview of a large body of previously published research on eyeblink classical conditioning. Last, the authors describe eyeblink classical conditioning techniques. Each chapter includes a highlighted methods section so that interested readers can replicate techniques for teaching and research.