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Books > Social sciences > Psychology > Physiological & neuro-psychology
Originally published in 1982, about 50 years after the publication of Lashley's Brain Mechanisms and Intelligence. The aim of this book was to review Lashley's major contributions and to trace the development of physiological psychology through the experimental work of Lashley's students and colleagues and those influenced by Lashley's writings. The contributors were invited to review their own experimental work in a lecture and to indicate how Lashley's seminal contributions might have exerted an influence in shaping or directing their thinking. This volume is the result of their efforts.
The extent to which a brain injured individual can resume premorbid functioning depends on factors ranging from the physiological to the psychological. Originally published in 1989, the thesis of this volume is that atheoretical application of practical techniques in clinical neuropsychology is as ill-conceived as a neuropsychological theory that fails to acknowledge the role of historical or situational context in behaviour or task performance. The chapters that follow address this thesis as experimental psychologists join clinicians in an effort to bridge the gap between theoretical abstraction and practical reality.
Originally published in 1992, this book presents original psychophysiological research based on computerized techniques of recording and evaluating event-related brain potentials. The application of multichannel magnetoencephalography greatly contributes to exact localization of corresponding neuronal generators responsible for attention. The book contains a bulk of information concerning data obtained by cognitive psychology in the area of study of attention. These results are closely linked with neurophysiological investigation of attention.
Originally published in 1988, neuropsychology had evolved considerably in the decade prior to publication. Methods of research had changed, new topics of interests had emerged, and there had also been an ongoing debate as to the objectives of the field. This evolution had most radically affected the study of cognitive disorders - an area that had developed particularly rapidly in the years before and that ultimately became a field of inquiry in its own right, that of cognitive neuropsychology. The contributors to this volume all share a fascination with the new perspectives for understanding how the mind works that have arisen from the study of impaired cognition. Yet, and this was very characteristic of the state of the art in cognitive neuropsychology at the time, they disagreed on many important issues, even those pertaining to the most basic assumptions of their discipline. Therefore, the first part of this book is devoted to an attempt to define and clarify these basic issues and to the confrontation of alternative views. The remaining parts present original studies on several topics of particular interest in cognitive neuropsychology.
This book honors Naomi Weisstein's foreshortened span of work published from 1964 to 1992. Naomi Weisstein was a pioneer in the areas we now call visual neuroscience, visual cognition, and cognitive neuroscience. Her enthusiastic pursuit of the mind was infectious, inspiring many others to take up the challenge. Despite her time as an active researcher being cut short, Weisstein's impact was far reaching and long lasting, and many of her ideas and insights foreshadowed today's active areas of inquiry into the inner workings of the mind. Comprising contributions from leading scholars in the field, Pioneer Visual Neuroscience outlines Weisstein's many contributions to the study of visual perception and processing and their effects on the field today. This volume will be of interest to anyone interested in visual perception, visual cognition, and cognitive neuroscience.
Biolinguistics is a highly interdisciplinary field that seeks the rapprochement between linguistics and biology. Linking theoretical linguistics, theoretical biology, genetics, neuroscience and cognitive psychology, this book offers a collection of chapters situating the enterprise conceptually, highlighting both the promises and challenges of the field, and chapters focusing on the challenges and prospects of taking interdisciplinarity seriously. It provides concrete illustrations of some of the cutting-edge research in biolinguistics and piques the interest of undergraduate students looking for a field to major in and inspires graduate students on possible research directions. It is also meant to show to specialists in adjacent fields how a particular strand of theoretical linguistics relates to their concerns, and in so doing, the book intends to foster collaboration across disciplines.
Control processes are those mental functions that allow us to
initiate, monitor, and prioritize mental activities. They are
crucial to normal mental functioning. A better understanding of the
nature of control processes and their deficits is important for
clinical work and for an adequate theory of consciousness.
Infants learn to communicate through everyday social interaction with their caregivers in a multisensory world involving sight, hearing, touch and smell. The neural and behavioural underpinnings of caregiver-infant multisensory interaction and communication, however, have remained largely unexplored in research across disciplines. This book highlights this largely uncharted territory to better understand the developmental origins of human multisensory perception and communication. It emphasizes the range and complexity of multisensory infant-caregiver interaction in the real world, and its developmental and neurophysiological characteristics. Furthermore, recent theories of brain development suggest that brain, body and the environment interact with one another on an ongoing basis, influencing each other and are constantly being influenced by each other. This volume aims to elucidate the neurophysiological, behavioural and environmental factors to better understand the nature of multisensory communication as a whole. This book was originally published as a special issue of Developmental Neuropsychology.
Theory and research in aphasiology have typically concentrated on a
limited population--right-handed adult monolinguals whose language
uses an alphabetic code. Bilingual individuals, ideographical code
users, and children (among others) have been separated out. This
book examines the available data from these "atypical" aphasics,
asking whether what makes them different has a significant effect
on language representation and processing in the brain. Each
chapter reviews literature pertinent to a given population and
explores whether (and potentially how) these populations differ
from the "typical" aphasic population. The ultimate goal is to
better understand whether the model of language used in aphasiology
can be extended to these "atypical" populations, or conversely,
whether significant differences merit the development of a new
model.
Spatial cognition is a broad field of enquiry, emerging from a wide range of disciplines and incorporating a wide variety of paradigms that have been employed with human and animal subjects. This volume is part of a two- volume handbook reviewing the major paradigms used in each of the contributors' research areas.; This volume considers the issues of neurophysiological aspects of spatial cognition, the assessment of cognitive spatial deficits arising from neural damage in humans and animals, and the observation of spatial behaviours in animals in their natural habitats.; This handbook should be of interest to new and old students alike. The student new to spatial research can be brought up-to- speed with a particular range of techniques, made aware of the background and pitfalls of particular approaches, and directed toward useful sources. For seasoned researchers, the handbook provides a rapid scan of the available tools that they might wish to consider as alternatives when wishing to answer a particular "spatial" research problem.
Brain Development and School offers a range of practical classroom strategies to help pupils develop their executive function. Packed with useful tips that are grounded in theory, it examines how to support aspects of children's executive functioning that can affect their school life; including self-control, memory, metacognition, organisation, motivation, self-regulation and focus. Relevant for pupils in the primary and secondary school, the book focuses on ways of improving children's emotional and intellectual development. It includes: Discussion of what executive functioning is and the different factors that might affect a child's executive functioning Ways that executive functioning weaknesses show themselves in school Support strategies for teachers and advice for pupils to improve specific areas of executive functioning Manageable solutions and modifications that can be applied within the mainstream classroom A self-assessment questionnaire that can be used as a starting point for discussion with pupils This book will be beneficial to all teachers, school leaders and SENCOs looking to support their pupils by identifying and understanding the root causes of their behaviour. It recognises the important role that schools play in pupils' neurological development and suggests ways for schools to provide more personalised, differentiated support for individual pupils.
Although neural network models have had a dramatic impact on the
cognitive and brain sciences, social psychology has remained
largely unaffected by this intellectual explosion. The first to
apply neural network models to social phenomena, this book includes
chapters by nearly all of the individuals currently working in this
area. Bringing these various approaches together in one place, it
allows readers to appreciate the breadth of these approaches, as
well as the theoretical commonality of many of these models.
This volume describes research and theory concerning the cognitive
neuroscience of attention. Filling a key gap, it emphasizes
developmental changes that occur in the brain-attention
relationship in infants, children, and throughout the lifespan and
reviews the literature on attention, development, and underlying
neural systems in a comprehensive manner.
This text is a practical application of Foucault's archaeological and genealogical methods to the study of illness and modernity. It unravels the complex relationships that exist between the various types of discourses which have been engaged in the vast field of "psychosomatic" research since the early decades of the 20th century. From medicine and psychiatry to psychology and the social sciences, Monica Greco explores what the history of these different disciplines contributes to what we understand by the term "psychosomatic". She analyses how the study of psychosomatic illness can transform the way we think of illness, subjectivity and the ethics and politics of health, thus revealing the complex phenomenon of psychosomatics in all its ethical and political ramifications.
Produced as a companion to the Hospice Foundation of America's fifth annual National Bereavement Teleconference, this volume examines how key aspects of identity affect how individuals grieve. Variables explored include culture, spirituality, age and development level, class and gender.
In this direct and scholarly book, Dr. Joseph Fernando provides the first in-depth exploration and up-to-date revision of the psychoanalytic theory of defenses since Anna Freud's 1936 classic, The Ego and the Mechanisms of Defense. The workings of three basic forms of defense-repression, denial, and post-traumatic defenses-are clearly described and illustrated with examples from Dr. Fernando's clinical practice. While comprehensive and authoritative in its coverage of defenses, the book is also highly original and clinically relevant, as Fernando introduces and illustrates new concepts including the zero process (a form of mental functioning related to trauma), contrast defenses (a type of denial defense that leads to repetition), and compound defenses (defenses formed by the tight melding of two or more basic defenses). This is a book not only of innovation but also of integration. Classical psychoanalytic concepts are integrated with new ideas related to current concerns with trauma, denial, and narcissism, and theoretical explications are integrated with practical advice about the handling of different defenses and clinical situations. This book will appeal to both beginners and seasoned clinicians and theoreticians, as well as to anyone interested in psychoanalytic thought.
At least half of all neuropsychological assessments are performed
on elderly persons, but the information clinicians need to make
appropriate judgment calls is widely scattered. Several books
offering general descriptions of the cognitive functioning of the
aged or of neuropsychological conditions affecting them are helpful
to practitioners but do not provide reliable and valid normative
information. Two books that "do" provide this information do not
focus on geriatric populations. A concise, yet comprehensive
summary of what we now know about those over 65--with an extensive
bibliography--"An Assessment Guide to Geriatric Neuropsychology"
fills the gap.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the leading cause of dementia and, unfortunately, remains incurable. The social, emotional and financial implications of AD are immeasurable, and about 47 million people worldwide are affected by AD or other forms of dementia. As lifespans are improved by healthcare systems worldwide, age-associated neurodegenerative diseases are imposing an increasing challenge to science. It is becoming imperative for us to understand the causes of these diseases, AD in particular, at molecular and cellular levels. Starting with the broader picture from a biological perspective, this book takes the reader through fascinating dynamics within and outside of neurons in the brain.Alzheimer's Disease: Biology, Biophysics and Computational Models helps the reader to understand AD from mechanistic and biochemical perspectives at intra- and inter-cellular levels. It focuses on biochemical pathways and modeling associated with AD. Some of the recent research on biophysics and computational models related to AD are explained using context-driven computational and mathematical modeling and essential biology is discussed to understand the modeling research.
This book presents a review of research on reaction processes and
attention as it has evolved over the last 40 years in the context
of the information processing tradition in cognitive psychology. It
is argued and demonstrated that issues of reaction processes and
attention are closely interconnected. Their common
conceptualization can be seen in terms of limited processing
capacity on the one hand, and stage analysis on the other. This
volume concludes that, at present, a stage analysis metaphor offers
better prospects as a conceptual starting point; the limited
capacity metaphor was strongly tied to the digital computers of the
60s. The emphasis of the book is on behavioral research, but
summaries of related findings on evoked potentials and other
psychophysiological variables are included as well. From this
perspective, it may be of interest to neuropsychologists who want
to learn about the present state of cognitive experimental
paradigms.
"The Widening Scope of Shame" is the first collection of papers on
shame to appear in a decade and contains contributions from most of
the major authors currently writing on this topic. It is not a
sourcebook, but a comprehensive introduction to clinical and
theoretical perspectives on shame that is intended to be read cover
to cover.
This volume examines the scientific basis of reductionist
approaches to understanding visual perception. The author makes the
provocative argument that contemporary neuroscience and cognitive
science have gone off on a wild-goose chase in the search for
reductionist explanations of perceptual phenomena. This book
considers some specific and general examples of this misdirection
and suggests an alternative future course for science. It reviews
the successes and failures of the sciences' efforts to explain
perceptual and other mental functions in the terms of either
internal cognitive mechanisms, formal models, or the neural
structures from which the brain--the organ of the mind--is
constructed. |
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