A comprehensive history of policing from the eighteenth century onwards, which draws on largely unused police archives. Clive Emsley addresses all the major issues of debate; he explores the impact of legislation and policy at both national and local levels, and considers the claim that the English police were non-political and free from political control. In the final section, he looks at the changing experience of police life. Established as a standard introduction to the subject on its first appearance, the Second Edition has been substantially revised and is now published under the Longman imprint for the first time.

This book on the security context in the Black Sea region is a timely endeavour and substantive contribution to understanding the state of play in the region and its linkages to the rest of the world. With contributions from analysts from Europe, the United States, Russia, Ukraine and Turkey, the book provides a holistic perspective. Post-Cold War developments have increased interest in the Black Sea region and the role of the regional and extra-regional actors in its security issues: this volume examines the position of the United States; NATO's involvement; the EU's engagement; Russia and Turkey's aspirations alongside the policies of the other states in the region as they seek a role for themselves. It illustrates and investigates key concerns such as security, energy and energy security, regionalism and good governance; and questions why a cooperative security framework (or other regional schemes which could accommodate the needs of all stakeholders) has to date never become a reality. This book adds to the growing body of research on the region, presenting the facts of the current situation and asking what can be done in the Black Sea region for it to survive given its precarious security environment. This book was published as a special issue of Southeast European and Black Sea Studies.

There are many histories of the police as a law-enforcement institution, but no genealogy of the police as a form of power. This book provides a genealogy of modern police by tracing the evolution of "police science" and of police institutions in Europe, from the ancien regime to the early 19th century. Drawing on the theoretical path outlined by Michel Foucault at the crossroads between historical sociology, critical legal theory and critical criminology, it shows how the development of police power was an integral part of the birth of the modern state's governmental rationalities and how police institutions were conceived as political technologies for the government and social disciplining of populations. Understanding the modern police not as an institution at the service of the judiciary and the law, but as a complex political technology for governing the economic and social processes typical of modern capitalist societies, this book shows how the police have played an active role in actually shaping order, rather than merely preserving it.

This book examines the development of women in the Hong Kong Police Force (HKP) over the past 68 years, beginning from the early colonial years when calls to include women in law enforcement first emerged, to the recruitment of the first female sub-inspector in 1949, and through to the current situation where policewomen constitute 15% of the total HKP establishment. What accounts for these developments and what do they tell us about organisational culture, gender and colonial policing? This interdisciplinary work is relevant to fields including women's studies, gender studies, policing studies, criminology, colonial history, sociology, and organisational studies, and will appeal to academics, students and lay readers interested in the development of women in policing.

What is intelligence-led policing? Who came up with the idea? Where did it come from? How does it relate to other policing paradigms? What distinguishes an intelligence-led approach to crime reduction? How is it designed to have an impact on crime? Does it prevent crime? These are just a few of the questions that this book seeks to answer. This revised and updated second edition includes new case studies and viewpoints, a revised crime funnel based on new data, and a new chapter examining the expanding role of technology and big data in intelligence-led policing. Most importantly, the author builds upon an updated definition of intelligence-led policing as it has evolved into a framework capable of encompassing more operational police activity than simply organized crime and recidivist offenders. Topics covered in this book include: * The origins and aims of intelligence-led policing * A comparison of intelligence-led policing with other conceptual models of policing * An exploration of analysis concepts and the role of analysis in target-selection * Evaluations of intelligence-led policing as a crime-control strategy Written by an expert in the field, this book offers a comprehensive and engaging introduction to intelligence-led policing for students, practitioners and scholars of policing, criminal intelligence and crime analysis. This book will be of particular interest to professionals within the law enforcement environment; senior officers, middle management, analysts and operational staff. A companion website offers a range of resources for students and instructors, including slides, chapter headings with supporting notes, key terms and names, critical-thinking questions, and quizzes.

The land border between Russia and the European Union is one of the longest land borders in the world, with very considerable trade flowing across the border in both directions. This book examines the nature of the EU-Russia border, and the issues connected with its management. It describes the territories and the societies on each side of the border, discusses the challenges which confront border management, including migration and criminal activities, and explores how people on both sides perceive each other and perceive threats and security issues. It concludes by assessing achievements to date in managing the border and by assessing continuing unresolved challenges.

Twenty to forty percent of the US prison population will spend time in restricted housing units-or solitary confinement. These separate units within prisons have enhanced security measures, and thousands of staff control and monitor the residents. Though commonly assumed to be punishment for only the most dangerous behaviors, in reality, these units may also be used in response to minor infractions. In Surviving Solitary, Danielle S. Rudes offers an unprecedented look inside RHUs-and a resounding call to more vigorously confront the intentions and realities of these structures. As the narratives unfold we witness the slow and systematic damage the RHUs inflict upon those living and working inside, through increased risk, arbitrary rules, and strained or absent social interactions. Rudes makes the case that we must prioritize improvement over harm. Residents uniformly call for more humane and dignified treatment. Staff yearn for more expansive control. But, as Rudes shows, there also remains fierce resilience among residents and staff and across the communities they forge-and a perpetual hope that they may have a different future.

Police Corruption in the NYPD: From Knapp to Mollen explores how the New York Police Department experienced two major investigations within a quarter of a century. It compares the states of corruption within the NYPD during the Knapp and Mollen commissions, examining why corruption continued and why the revealed ethical breaches became more serious. It also discusses how corruption was enhanced even after accountability and responsibility were assigned to department administration. The book gives in-depth discussions of the Knapp and Mollen reports and relates the history and relevance of efforts to combat corruption and to improve police practices. It uses empirical data from interviews and current NYPD recruit training documents as reference materials in examining police practices. It also identifies failures of leadership that contributed to the systemic ethical degeneration of the NYPD. Police Corruption in the NYPD goes beyond the training of ethics and enforcement by delving into the departmental failures that permit officers to develop from being merely unethical to becoming criminals. By presenting and analyzing theories of corruption from current authorities, it lays a foundation for critical discussion and comparison between commissions as well as current department ethical training and practices.

In the years between 1750 and 1868, English criminal justice underwent significant changes. The two most crucial developments were the gradual establishment of an organised, regular police, and the emergence of new secondary punishments, following the restriction in the scope of the death penalty. In place of an ill-paid parish constabulary, functioning largely through a system of rewards and common informers, professional police institutions were given the task of executing a speedy and systematic enforcement of the criminal law. In lieu of the severe and capriciously-administered capital laws, a penalty structure based on a proportionality between the gravity of crimes and the severity of punishments was erected as arguably a more effective deterrent of crime. This book, first published in 1981, examines the impact of these two important developments and casts new light on the way in which law enforcement evolved during the nineteenth century. This title will be of interest to students of history and criminology.

Twenty to forty percent of the US prison population will spend time in restricted housing units-or solitary confinement. These separate units within prisons have enhanced security measures, and thousands of staff control and monitor the residents. Though commonly assumed to be punishment for only the most dangerous behaviors, in reality, these units may also be used in response to minor infractions. In Surviving Solitary, Danielle S. Rudes offers an unprecedented look inside RHUs-and a resounding call to more vigorously confront the intentions and realities of these structures. As the narratives unfold we witness the slow and systematic damage the RHUs inflict upon those living and working inside, through increased risk, arbitrary rules, and strained or absent social interactions. Rudes makes the case that we must prioritize improvement over harm. Residents uniformly call for more humane and dignified treatment. Staff yearn for more expansive control. But, as Rudes shows, there also remains fierce resilience among residents and staff and across the communities they forge-and a perpetual hope that they may have a different future.

The year 1856 saw the first compulsory Police Act in England (and Wales). Over the next thirty years a class society came to be policed by a largely working-class police. This book, first published in 1984, traces the process by which men made themselves into policemen, translating ideas about work and servitude, about local government and local community, servitude and the ideologies of law and central government, into sets of personal beliefs. By tracing the evolution of a policed society through the agency of local police forces, the book illustrates the ways in which a society, at many levels and from many perspectives, understood itself to operate, and the ways in which ownership, servitude, obligation, and the reciprocality of social relations manifested themselves in different communities. This title will be of interest to students of criminology and history.

This study, first published in 1982, is concerned with the nature of crime in nineteenth-century Britain, and explores the response of the community and the police authorities. Each chapter is linked by common themes and questions, and the topics described in detail range from popular forms of rural crime and protest, through crime in industrial and urban communities, to a study of the vagrant. The author pays special attention to the relationship between illegal activities and protest, and emphasizes the context and complexity of official crime rates and of many forms of criminal behaviour. This title will be of interest to students of history and criminology.

In this book which was first published in 1970, author Galen Broeker traces the events of a crucial period in the struggle of the British government to bring law and order to rural Ireland. He demonstrates that throughout the forty years following the union a major challenge to government in Ireland was the sporadic violence that seemed endemic to the rural south and west. Organizations of Irish peasants terrorized the countryside in protest against a political and economic system that seemed to threaten their very existence. The formation in 1814 of the Peace Preservation Force is examined. This was the first in a long series of experiments aimed at an efficient and impartial system of law enforcement. This title will be of interest to student of history and criminology.

Among shifting politics, tastes, and technology in television history, one genre has been remarkably persistent: the cop show. Claudia Calhoun returns to Dragnet, the pioneering police procedural and an early transmedia franchise, appearing on radio in 1949, on TV and in film in the 1950s, and in later revivals. More than a popular entertainment, Dragnet was a signifier of America's postwar confidence in government institutions-and a publicity vehicle for the Los Angeles Police Department. Only the Names Have Been Changed shows how Dragnet's "realistic" storytelling resonated across postwar culture. Calhoun traces Dragnet's "semi-documentary" predecessors, and shows how Jack Webb, Dragnet's creator, worked directly with the LAPD as he produced a series that would likewise inspire public trust by presenting day-to-day procedural justice, rather than shootouts and wild capers. Yet this realism also set aside the seething racial tensions of Los Angeles as it was. Dragnet emerges as a foundational text, one that taught audiences to see police as everyday heroes not only on TV but also in daily life, a lesson that has come under scrutiny as Americans increasingly seek to redefine the relationship between policing and public safety.

In the early 1950s, the Berkshire Constabulary finally opened its ranks to more women. And WPC Crockford was one of those early pioneers... When 21-year-old Gwendoline Crockford signed up to join the Berkshire Constabulary in 1951, she had little idea of what she was getting herself into. Whether carrying a human skeleton out of the woods, finding a missing child, investigating thefts, or chasing an escaped zebra, every day brought fresh adventures. In this nostalgic, tender and honest account of post-war British society, we follow a bright, determined woman navigating a man's world, serving as many people as she can. From performing traffic duties to unravelling a dark secret at the heart of an impoverished family, WPC Crockford's career was full of joy, thrills - and heartbreak. Written by her daughter Ruth, this is the story of a real-life woman police constable as she embarks on her police career.

This book addresses the important question of how the UN should monitor and evaluate the impact of police in its peace operations. United Nations (UN) peace operations are a vital component of the international community's conflict management toolkit. They have evolved significantly since the end of the Cold War and one of the foremost developments has been the rise of UN policing (UNPOL), growing dramatically in number and evolving from a passive observation role to include frontline law enforcement activities and an intrusive institutional reform and capacity-building functions.However, attempts to ascertain the impact of UNPOL endeavours towards these goals have proven inadequate for reflecting and capturing the complex change processes at play. This book has two main objectives therefore. First, to investigate the ways in which the effects of peace operations - and UNPOL in particular - are monitored and evaluated. Second, to develop a framework for Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) that enables more effective impact assessment in order to contribute to organisational learning in the field and at headquarters.Part 1 of the book explores how UN policing and M&E are currently undertaken and identifies the problems and challenges associated with conventional practice. Part 2 applies insights from complexity theory to develop an innovative framework for holistic M&E designed to overcome those shortcomings. In part 3 the utility and relevance of the framework is tested through case study field research in Liberia with a wide cross-section of stakeholders in the mission area. Empirical evidence is presented to demonstrate a number of strengths with the proposed framework when compared to existing approaches, but also to highlight a number of potential weaknesses that warrant revision and refinement. The central claim of the book is that to realise multiple potentialities M&E needs to be both re-thought and re-positioned. First, new epistemological thinking needs to be brought to bear in the focus and design of an approach and associated selection of methods for its execution; and second, it needs to be embedded in the machinery of peace operations such that it is an intrinsic part of the way they are planned and managed.The book demonstrates that an approach grounded in these principles has the potential to overcome the shortcomings synonymous with extant orthodoxy. Furthermore, it is argued that by enhancing the relationship between field-level M&E and organisational learning, the findings of this research can make an important contribution to the pursuit of more professional and effective UN peace operations. This recognition also constitutes the key contribution of the book as it offers an antidote to the frailties of current orthodoxy and presents the opportunity for improved practice for UNPOL in peace operations as well as related fields. This book will be of much interest to students of peace operations, conflict management, policing, security studies and IR in general.

Every year thousands of people compete for employment in the UK. Employability and the ability to demonstrate the skills, attributes and behaviours required in a full-time job have become integral to securing employment and developing a career. This book aims to offer a one-stop guide to becoming employable and to careers in the Criminal Justice Sector and beyond, exploring the key organizations and employers in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland, explaining how they operate and detailing how they are changing. Written in an engaging and accessible style by four experts on employability and the Criminal Justice Sector, this book combines useful hints on becoming employable with helpful insights from those working in specific sectors. The book covers careers in: probation, the police, prisons, the courts, prosecution services and advocacy, youth justice. Packed with hints and tips, advice from current students, useful web links and lists of recommended reading, this book provides a clear guide to the career decision-making and transition processes and covers the essential elements required to making the first step towards securing a job in the above sectors. It will be essential reading for those who want to forge a successful career in any area of the Criminal Justice Sector.

Over six volumes this edited collection of pamphlets, government publications, printed ephemera and manuscript sources looks at the development of the first modern police force. It will be of interest to social and political historians, criminologists and those interested in the development of the detective novel in nineteenth-century literature.

Force used to quell out-of-control demonstrations or detain unruly individuals can result in litigation and bad press for law enforcement agencies. Injury or loss of life can best be avoided if agencies have accurate knowledge and proper training in less lethal options. Risk Management of Less Lethal Options: Evaluation, Deployment, Aftermath, and Forensics discusses how lessons learned from major disturbances have helped law enforcement professionals develop concepts and techniques that police departments can apply to increase successful outcomes, manage risk, and limit liability. The methods presented in this book were developed over a decade of testing, training, evaluating, deploying, analyzing, and testifying related to the use of these tools. Topics include: The evolution of the less lethal paradigm through the analysis of the outcomes of major incidents Categories of less lethal options-including impact, chemical, electrical, and distraction Riot-control agents (RCAs), which produce rapid sensory irritation or disabling physical effects that disappear within a short time Less lethal impact munitions (LLIMs) that deliver blunt trauma, including the study of their capabilities and limitations Important factors for developing a successful less lethal training program Challenges caused by arrest-related death, in-custody death, and Excited Delirium Syndrome (ExDs) The use and forensic analysis of conducted electrical weapons (CEWs)/Tasers Effective post-event report writing, evidence collection, and court preparation Risk management of less lethal options requires a complex, multi-tiered approach. This volume provides law enforcement professionals with guidelines to manage risk from the street to the courtroom when utilizing less lethal options to subdue offenders. Praise for the Book: This is an incredible resource that is easy to read and extremely informative.-Dan Savage, Captain, Grand Rapids Michigan Police Department Overall, this is essential reading for all involved in law enforcement who use, authorize, or oversee less lethal policy, training and deployments.-Chief Constable (Retired) Ian Arundale, Association of Chief Police Officers, lead on policy and training relating to UK firearms, 'Less Lethal' and Conflict Management (2001-2013) What the authors have done in this comprehensive publication is present the operational and technical issues associated with selecting, deploying, and managing the consequence of less lethal options in a very readable way. ... It should be on the reading list of all who have an interest in gaining insight into law enforcement and less lethal options. -Colin Burrows, QPM, UK-based International Adviser on Critical Intervention Police officers, supervisors, incident commanders, managers, administrators and senior executives had all better have a solid grasp of the issues presented in this book.-Joel Johnston, Sergeant, Vancouver Police Department, Canada (Retired 2013); Principal, Defensive Tactics Institute (www.dtidefensivetactics.com)

How does an authoritarian state reform its police force following a transition to democracy? In 1998, Indonesia, the third largest country in the world, faced just such a challenge. Policing had long been managed under the jurisdiction of the military, as an instrument of the Suharto regime - and with Suharto abruptly removed from office, this was about to change. Here we see how it changed, and how far these changes were for the better. Based on direct observations by a scholar who was involved in the last days of the New Order and who saw how the police responded to regime change, this book examines the police, the new regime, and how the police was disassociated from the military in Indonesia. Providing a comprehensive historical overview of the position of police in this change of regime, the book focuses on two key areas: the differences between local and national levels, and the politicisation associated with decentralisation. Arguing that the disassociation of the Indonesian National Police from the military has achieved only limited success, the book contends that there is continued impetus for the establishment of a professional police force and modern and democratic policing, which will entail effective public control of the police. A pioneering study of the police in Indonesia, examining key issues in the post-Suharto era, this book will be of interest to scholars of Southeast Asian politics and of policing and politics in the developing world.

Captives combines a thrilling narrative account of Rikers Island's descent into infamy with a dramatic retelling of the last seventy years of New York and American politics from the vantage point of its jails. It is a story of a crowded field of contending powers-city bureaucrats and unions, black power activists and correction offices, crooked cops and elected leaders- struggle for the right to run our cities, a story that culminates in the triumph of of the twin figures we today call neoliberalism and mass incarceration. It is the history of how the Rikers Island of today-and the social order it represents-came to be. With a sweeping vision and an often cinematic touch, Captives records how the tempo of history was set by the metronome of bloody and bruising clashes between corrections officers and prisoners, and between police officers and virtually everyone else. Written by a one-time inmate, Captives draws on extensive archival research, decades of journalism, interviews, prisoner testimonials, and firsthand experience to deliver an urgent intervention into our nationwide conversation about the future of mass incarceration.

This book is widely used both as a textbook for college and university classes in police management and as a reference text for police managers in dealing with operational issues in their department, as well as for training police supervisors and administrators and is required reading for civil service promotional examinations. Proactive Police Management, 9e, is the widely used text for criminal justice and police science programs that emphasizes a contemporary and proactive approach to police management. Various police management styles are addressed throughout, from traditional scientific management to the behavioral/systems approach to the human relations approach. Its chapters take a realistic look at operational problems that can occur within a police department and how a consultative, proactive management style can help solve and resolve them. Fully updated in this edition, its goal is to reveal how proactive management techniques and new technology are revolutionizing police management today.Teaching and Learning This edition of Proactive Police Management provides a review, analysis, and synthesis of the various approaches to police management, including traditional scientific management, the behavioral/systems approach, and the human relations approach. It provides: * Proactive approach to police management: Takes a realistic look at issues and operational problems and discusses various police management styles * Strong coverage of technology: The application of new technology continues to revolutionize policing as well as other private and public services in the United States * Comprehensive pedagogical features: Gives students the tools to master key concepts faster and more effectively, and provides support for instructors

Pit your wits against the brilliant minds of Scotland Yard, from the bestselling author of Bletchley Park Brainteasers, Sinclair McKay. If you cracked the GCHQ Puzzle Book and tore through the Ordnance Survey Puzzle Book, you MUST show off your brainteaser abilities and prove that you have what it takes to be a detective at the Yard... How can a man be in two places at once? How might a murder be committed when no one is seen entering or exiting the house? Can an entire crime be solved with just a suitcase of empty beer bottles? It's time for you to tackle the conundrums that confounded the best detectives over the years. Since it opened its doors in 1829, Scotland Yard has used the science of detection to solve the most macabre of murders and catch the most audacious of thieves. The Scotland Yard Puzzle Book takes a look through the history of this famous institution and recreates some of the most complex puzzles its detectives have ever faced. Technology can now shine a light on some of the most difficult cases, but the analytical mind needed to crack the clues remains as essential as ever. Do you have what it takes to be a Scotland Yard detective?

Trends in Policing: Interviews with Police Leaders Across the Globe, Volume Four, is the latest installment in a series of insightful interviews with senior police executives worldwide. The book offers readers an unparalleled insider's perspective on police goals, practices, and management in nationwide, regional, and city environments. Conducted by a team of academic and practitioner experts following the same schema of topics, the interviews explore the executives' backgrounds, education, and careers and provide insight on a number of topics relevant to their work, including: Conception of the police mission and police role Views on strategy and tactics Experience with democratic policing Major changes in policies and procedures The relationship between police theory and practice The impact of globalization The interview participants are drawn from four continents and from a broad variety of policing contexts-from metropolitan to largely rural areas, developed and developing countries, from emerging democracies to stable democracies. They are diverse in age, ethnicity, education, background, and career trajectories. This volume constitutes a resource of immense value to academic analysts of policing philosophies and leadership, as well as to policymakers and practitioners who wish to have a sense of where the leaders in their field have come from and where they are going. The book and its predecessors are a major contribution to the study and practice of policing around the world.

The structure of policing is undergoing change in Scotland at present and the profile of the police officer differs from that of the past. This book takes an informative approach and offers a unique account and insight into the Scottish police organisation, describing the Scottish police officer from the point of recruitment through to training, development and specialist policing.

Written by an ex-senior police officer, this book examines how the qualified police officer goes about his/her daily work policing and how this has changed over time as a result of organised crime, terrorism and the changing priorities of the public and politicians. The contribution of non-police officers such as police civilian staff, auxiliaries and the private sector, plays a key role in the policing of Scotland in the 21st century and is considered at length. As police supervision and management is crucial to the organisation s success, the subjects of personnel development, promotion and management in the police is examined with comment on the suitability of the system in the 21st century.

The book concludes with commentary on the future profile of the Scottish police officer and makes some general comparison with their colleagues in the rest of the UK and European Union. This will be an essential text for police officers in Scotland and elsewhere and students and academics in the areas of law, politics, management, police studies, criminology and criminal justice.