The aim of this book is to explore the significance of the concept of 'monument' in the context of the Achaemenid Empire (550-330 BC), with particular reference to the Royal Ensemble of Persepolis, founded by Darius I and built together with his son Xerxes. While Persepolis was built as an 'intentional monument', it had already become an 'historic monument' during the Achaemenid period. It maintained its symbolic significance in the following centuries even after its destruction by Alexander of Macedonia in 330 BC. The purpose of building Persepolis was to establish a symbol and a common reference for the peoples of the Empire with the Achaemenid Dynasty, transmitting significant messages and values such as peace, stability, grandeur and praise for the dynastic figure of the king as the protector of values and fighting falsehood. While previous research on Achaemenid heritage has mainly been on archaeological and art-historical aspects of Persepolis, the present work focuses on the architecture and design of Persepolis. It is supported by studies in the fields of archaeology, history and art history, as well as by direct survey of the site. The morphological analysis of Persepolis, including the study of the proportions of the elevations, and the verification of a planning grid for the layout of the entire ensemble demonstrate the univocal will by Darius to plan Persepolis following a precise initial scheme. The study shows how the inscriptions, bas-reliefs and the innovative architectural language together express the symbolism, values and political messages of the Achaemenid Dynasty, exhibiting influence from different lands in a new architectural language and in the plan of the entire site.

New laws, global competition, technological advances, and evolving societal values toward disability all demand the integration of universal and accessible design principles into the general practice of the design community. This growing international movement forces competitors to expand their traditional concepts of design and adopt these principles as a core component of design and essential to success in today's global market. Universal and Accessible Design for Products, Services, and Processes introduces design principles informed by recent national and international legislation and global market pressures. Divided into four sections, the book begins with a broad-brush overview of the societal and global issues that continue to nurture the growth of accessible and universal design. Using clear, approachable examples, it defines and differentiates accessible versus universal design and explores their relationship in the broader context of design. Section two concerns legal issues and explains the societal concepts of disability that mold legislative mandates for accessible design. It covers changing accessibility laws and resources such as the Access Board that exist to assist with compliance. Section three presents a collection of design strategies, examples, and applications spanning as many disciplines as possible to illustrate each of the three main levels of universal design: human function principles, including ergonomics, perception, and cognition; process principles, covering flexibility, error-management, and variability; and the transcending principle of equitable design. The final section examines the evolution of universal design and future directions. Supplying definitions, theory, and applications, Universal and Accessible Design for Products, Services, and Processes allows professional designers, educators, and students to implement these principles and understand how their application fits a broader societal and competitive design environment.

A complete blueprint for all types of restaurant development—from concept through construction

Whether you are planning a small neighborhood bistro or an expansive hotel eatery, Restaurant Planning, Design, and Construction provides you with the specific information and in-depth guidance you need to navigate the restaurant development process effectively. With easy-to-use worksheets, checklists, review procedures, and guidelines, this comprehensive manual can help you to avoid the pitfalls of miscommunication, omission, and faulty execution that can mean the difference between your success and failure. Taking you step by step through each phase of the development process, the book shows you how to:

• Assemble and manage your restaurant development team
• Prepare a marketable business plan to use when seeking financial backing
• Approach site evaluation, budgets, scheduling, and more
• Write a detailed operational plan of how the restaurant will function
• Prepare an effective design program to fulfill your operational requirements
• Coordinate key elements of planning and design
• Manage the construction phase, pre-opening activities, and follow-up

No matter what your business background—catering, marketing, management, or finance—this self-contained guide is one resource you will not want to be without.

Creating a Sense of Place in School Environments guides its readers to the characteristics that tend to generate a sense of place through children's vivid descriptions of their school and provides a body of critical information that can be employed to design a better school environment that can imprint cherished childhood memories. The childhood school environment calls for special attention regarding the sense of place it creates. The sense of place in childhood both affects children's current quality of life and frames their lasting world view. It is well known that children's cognitive development is closely related to their place attachment to their surroundings, and that children's adaptation to a given environment depends on how such place attachment can be created. Therefore, it is natural that people's identity in the world is the accumulation of their experience of place while in childhood. Cross-checking between the imprint of adults' memories of places in school and children's current "lived experience" of their favorite school place confirmed that certain spatial configurations, which the author herein refers to as "place generators" can generate positive attributes of physical settings that construct a sense of place and last as lifelong memories. It is an ideal read for academics, students, and professionals.

In 1922 the Fascist 'March on Rome' brought Benito Mussolini to power. He promised Italians that his fascist revolution would unite them as never before and make Italy a strong and respected nation internationally. In the next two decades, Mussolini set about rebuilding the city of Rome as the site and symbol of the new fascist Italy. Through an ambitious program of demolition and construction he sought to make Rome a modern capital of a nation and an empire worthy of Rome's imperial past. Building the new Rome put people to work, 'liberated' ancient monuments, cleared slums, produced new "cities" for education, sports, and cinema, produced wide new streets, and provided the regime with a setting to showcase fascism's dynamism, power, and greatness. Mussolini's Rome thus embodied the movement, the man and the myth that made up fascist Italy.

The first and only guide to the history and architecture of America's famous opera houses

The American opera scene has grown with the country, spawning a proliferation of beautiful and enchanting opera houses. This unique guided tour covers almost 100 historical and contemporary opera houses dating from 1765 up to the present—halls such as the Academy of Music in Philadelphia, the San Francisco Opera House, and the Cullen Theater in Houston.

America's opera houses present an eclectic collection of buildings, from converted warehouses to ornate vaudevillian venues and modern concrete and glass structures. The National Trust Guide to Great Opera Houses in America celebrates this dynamic range of architectural types and styles, revealing how European elements were transformed into a distinctly authentic and vital part of America's architectural and musical heritage.

Grouped by geographic region, this easy-to-use resource contains important historical information on structures—some destroyed as well as those still standing—including dates, name changes, seating capacity, and more. Many of the buildings featured are National Historic Landmarks or are listed in the National Register of Historic Places. Almost 140 vintage and recent photographs bring to life these magnificent buildings and the operatic scenes enacted on their stages.

Whether used as a travel planner or an armchair reference, this definitive book is a must for music and theater enthusiasts, architects, designers, and preservationists—the perfect front row seat to the dramatic history of opera in America.

The Roaring Twenties in New York was a time of exuberant ambition, free-flowing optimism, an explosion of artistic expression in the age of Prohibition. New York was the city that embodied the spirit and strength of a newly powerful America.
In 1924, in the vibrant heart of Manhattan, a fierce rivalry was born. Two architects, William Van Alen and Craig Severance (former friends and successful partners, but now bitter adversaries), set out to imprint their individual marks on the greatest canvas in the world--the rapidly evolving skyline of New York City. Each man desired to build the city's tallest building, or 'skyscraper.' Each would stop at nothing to outdo his rival.
Van Alen was a creative genius who envisioned a bold, contemporary building that would move beyond the tired architecture of the previous century. By a stroke of good fortune he found a larger-than-life patron in automobile magnate Walter Chrysler, and they set out to build the legendary Chrysler building. Severance, by comparison, was a brilliant businessman, and he tapped his circle of downtown, old-money investors to begin construction on the Manhattan Company Building at 40 Wall Street.
From ground-breaking to bricklaying, Van Alen and Severance fought a cunning duel of wills. Each man was forced to revamp his architectural design in an attempt to push higher, to overcome his rival in mid-construction, as the structures rose, floor by floor, in record time. Yet just as the battle was underway, a third party entered the arena and announced plans to build an even larger building. This project would be overseen by one of Chrysler's principal rivals--a representative of the General Motors group--and the building ultimately became known as The Empire State Building.
Infused with narrative thrills and perfectly rendered historical and engineering detail, " Higher" brings to life a sensational episode in American history. Author Neal Bascomb interweaves characters such as Al Smith and Governor Franklin Delano Roosevelt, leading up to an astonishing climax that illustrates one of the most ingenious (and secret) architectural achievements of all time.

"The behind-the-scenes story of the world's most famous palace, painting a picture of the way its residents truly lived and examining the palace's legacy, from French history through today
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The story of Versailles is one of historical drama, under the last three kings of France's old regime, mixed with the high camp and glamour of the European courts, all in an iconic home for the French arts. The palace itself has been radically altered since 1789, and the court was long ago swept away. "Versailles" sets out to rediscover what is now a vanished world: a great center of power, seat of royal government, and, for thousands, a home both grand and squalid, bound by social codes almost incomprehensible to us today.""

Using eyewitness testimony as well as the latest historical research, Spawforth offers the first full account of Versailles in English in over thirty years. Blowing away the myths of Versailles, he analyses afresh the politics behind the Sun King's construction of the palace and shows how Versailles worked as the seat of a royal court. He probes the conventional picture of a "perpetual house party" of courtiers and gives full weight to the darker side: not just the mounting discomfort of the aging buildings but also the intrigue and status anxiety of its aristocrats. The book brings out clearly the fateful consequences for the French monarchy of its relocation to Versailles and also examines the changing place of Versailles in France's national identity since 1789.

Many books have told the stories of the royals and artists living in Versailles, but this is the first to turn its focus on the palace itself---from architecture and politics to scandal and restoration.

Museums are among the iconic buildings of the twenty-first century, as remarkable for their architectural diversity as for the variety of collections they display. But how does the architecture of museums affect our experience as visitors? This book proposes that by seeing space as common ground between architecture and museology, and so between the museum building and its display, we can illuminate the individuality of each museum and the distinctive experience it offers - for example, how some museums create a sense of personal exploration, while others are more intensely didactic, and how the visit in some cases is transformed into a spatial experience and in other cases into a more social event. The book starts with an overview of the history of museum buildings and display strategies, and a discussion of theoretical and critical approaches. It then focuses on specific museums as in-depth case studies, and uses methods of spatial analysis to look at the key design choices available to architects and curators, and their effects on visitors' behaviour. Theoretically grounded, methodologically original, and richly illustrated, this book will equip students, researchers and professionals in the fields of architecture, museum studies, curating, exhibition design, and cultural studies, with a guide for studying museums and a theoretical framework for their interpretation.

How leading American artists reflected on the fate of humanity in the nuclear era through monumental sculpture In the wake of the atomic bombings of Japan in 1945, artists in the United States began to question what it meant to create a work of art in a world where humanity could be rendered extinct by its own hand. The New Monuments and the End of Man examines how some of the most important artists of postwar America revived the neglected tradition of the sculptural monument as a way to grapple with the cultural and existential anxieties surrounding the threat of nuclear annihilation. Robert Slifkin looks at such iconic works as the industrially evocative welded steel sculptures of David Smith, the austere structures of Donald Judd, and the desolate yet picturesque earthworks of Robert Smithson. Transforming how we understand this crucial moment in American art, he traces the intersections of postwar sculptural practice with cybernetic theory, science-fiction cinema and literature, and the political debates surrounding nuclear warfare. Slifkin identifies previously unrecognized affinities of the sculpture of the 1940s and 1950s with the minimalism and land art of the 1960s and 1970s, and acknowledges the important contributions of postwar artists who have been marginalized until now, such as Raoul Hague, Peter Grippe, and Robert Mallary. Strikingly illustrated throughout, The New Monuments and the End of Man spans the decades from Hiroshima to the Fall of Saigon, when the atomic bomb cast its shadow over American art.

This innovative study of memorial architecture investigates how design can translate memories of human loss into tangible structures, creating spaces for remembering. Using approaches from history, psychology, anthropology and sociology, Sabina Tanovic explores purposes behind creating contemporary memorials in a given location, their translation into architectural concepts, their materialisation in the face of social and political challenges, and their influence on the transmission of memory. Covering the period from the First World War to the present, she looks at memorials such as the Holocaust museums in Mechelen and Drancy, as well as memorials for the victims of terrorist attacks, to unravel the private and public role of memorial architecture and the possibilities of architecture as a form of agency in remembering and dealing with a difficult past. The result is a distinctive contribution to the literature on history and memory, and on architecture as a link to the past.

A comprehensive look at the life and work of one of the 20th century's most influential architects Aldo van Eyck (1918-1999) was a Dutch architect, writer, and teacher who helped redefine Modern architecture in the second half of the 20th century. As an advocate for architecture's engagement with history, culture, climate, and the lived human experience of buildings and urban spaces, he created designs that privileged place and the daily rituals in the lives of its inhabitants over universal ideals. In this volume, enlivened by 300 illustrations from the Aldo van Eyck archive, Robert McCarter provides the first comprehensive study of van Eyck's 50-year career since his death, guiding readers through the architect's buildings and unrealized projects, with a focus on the interior spatial experience and on the design and construction processes. Highlighted projects include the Amsterdam Orphanage, the Roman Catholic Church in The Hague, and some of the hundreds of playgrounds he famously designed over the course of his career. McCarter also investigates how van Eyck's writings and lectures convey the importance of architecture in the everyday lives of people around the world and throughout history. By presenting his design work together with the principles on which it was founded, McCarter illuminates van Eyck's ethical interpretation of architecture's place in the world.

With the global popularity of Japanese cuisine, it's no surprise that Japanese restaurants also embody this country's unique culture and aesthetics, and many modern Japanese restaurants have sprung up all over the world. Interior design in Japan both inherits its architectural legacy and absorbs the ideas from modern design. This book, Modern Japanese Restaurant comprises numerous types of contemporary interior designs of Japanese restaurants in recent years, exploring a wide variety of styles and types, including the izayaka, sushi bar, and cafe. The design case studies that feature in this beautiful book are hoped to inspire interior designers and all those who are engaged in designing the Japanese style restaurant.

The Building as Screen: A History, Theory, and Practice of Massive Media describes, historicizes, theorizes, and creatively deploys massive media -- a set of techno-social assemblages and practices that include large outdoor projections, programmable architectural facades, and urban screens -- in order to better understand their critical and creative potential. Massive media is named as such not only because of the size and subsequent visibility of this phenomenon but also for its characteristic networks and interactive screen and cinema-like qualities. Examples include the programmable lighting of the Empire State Building and the interactive projections of Montreal's Quartier des spectacles, as well as a number of works created by the author himself. This book argues that massive media enables and necessitates the development of new practices of expanded cinema, public data visualization, and installation art and curation that blend the logics of urban space, monumentality, and the public sphere with the aesthetics and affordances of digital information and the moving image.

Bringing together leading experts from the fields of architecture, design, engineering, education and the social sciences, this valuable collection presents a multidimensional understanding of the complexities and ways in which school designs influence and are influenced by educational practice. Moving beyond the long-debated question as to whether the design of a school influences pedagogic practice, chapters acknowledge the multiple and diverse ways in which teaching, learning, development and inclusion are impacted by the nature and quality of the physical environment. Considering changes in national and international policy, and exploring the changing pressures and demands on design, education and schooling more broadly, contributors rethink and re-envision those aspects of design and educational practice in which they specialise. Together, these chapters present a bold vision for the future conceptualisation, development and use of school buildings and facilities. An important contribution to debates on school design and education, inclusion and pedagogy, this is an essential and fascinating read for students, researchers, lecturers and policymakers involved in the fields of education and architecture.

The Bauhaus Building in Dessau, designed by Walter Gropius in 1926, represents a "built manifesto of Bauhaus ideas" and is one of modernism's most important buildings. Together with the associated Masters' Houses (Meisterhauser), the Houses with Balcony Access (Laubenganghauser) in Dessau, and Bauhaus buildings in Weimar and Bernau, it is included in UNESCO's World Heritage List. The book focuses on strategies for preserving the Bauhaus Building. It presents the building-and its eventful history-from its construction to its destruction, rebuilding, and restoration. Using texts, photographs, and numerous blueprints, the book provides a detailed exploration of specific aspects of the architecture-such as the building's outer shell, materials, construction, color scheme, and surfaces-and the long-term preservation concept for the site. In doing so, it proposes structural measures aimed at adapting the building to today's challenges and at conserving the building with its historic and artistic characteristics. Archaeology of Modernism. Preservation Bauhaus Dessau is the revised and expanded edition of Archaeology of Modernism. Renovation Bauhaus Dessau, which was published by JOVIS as Volume 23 of the EDITION BAUHAUS series in 2006. This new edition is presented as Volume 58.

This volume constitutes the proceedings of the "Second International Workshop on Cooperative Buildings (CoBuild'99) - Integrating Information, Organizations, and Architecture" held at the Carnegie Museum of Art in Pittsburgh on October 1-2, 1999. The success of the First International Workshop on Cooperative Buildings (CoBuild'98), held at GMD in Darmstadt in February 1998, showed that there is a demand for an appropriate forum to present research about the intersection of information technology, organizational innovation, and architecture. Thus, it was decided to organize a follow-up event. The decision of where to organize CoBuild'99 was straight forward. Since we had many high quality contributions from the United States (U. S. ) presented at CoBuild'98, we wanted to hold the second workshop in the U. S. reaching out to a large audience and at the same time turning it into an international series of events held in different places in the world. Due to the excellent work carried out at Carnegie Mellon University, it was an obvious choice to ask Volker Hartkopf from the Department of Architecture and Jane Siegel from the Human Computer Interaction Institute to be conference cochairs for CoBuild'99. The workshop is organized in cooperation with the German National Research Center for Information Technology (GMD), in particular the Integrated Publication and Information Systems Institute (IPSI) in Darmstadt providing continuity between the events.

Josep Lluis Mateo (born 1949) is one of Spain's-and Europe's-most prolific and visible architects, as energetic as a teacher and lecturer as he is an architect. Mateo has designed corporate headquarters, housing units, office blocks and hotels throughout Western Europe, and has also renovated urban centers in Gerona (Spain) and Castelo Branco (portugal). this volume looks back at nearly 30 years of Mateo's built structures, as portrayed by the architectural photographer Adria Goula. As well as buildings from the 80s and 90s, it also looks at his most important projects of the past few years, from the Banc Sabadell Headquarters renovation (2004) and the Factory office building in Boulogne-Billancourt, France (2010) to the PGGM Headquarters in Zeist, Holland (2011) and the Catalonian Film Theater in Barcelona (2011). Interspersed among Goula's photographs are Mateo's observations and musings on architecture.

The Acropolis in Athens has captured the imaginations of readers, writers and travellers for centuries and every year draws crowds from all over the world. One of the world's most famous heritage sites, it has long been a national monument of Greece and a potent symbol of western civilization. But the Acropolis is typically viewed in the context of 5th-century-BC Athenian society, while the multiple local and international meanings and identities that the site shapes today are overlooked.
This book looks at the meaning of the Acropolis in contemporary Greece. How are global ideas adopted and adapted by local cultures? How do Greeks deal with the national and international features of their ancient classical heritage? How do the global cultural constructions surrounding the Acropolis become part of local practices which project Greek cultural difference?
The author examines this historic site as a powerful agent for negotiations of power on an international level. Drawing from a wide range of sources as well as original fieldwork, this handsomely illustrated book will make compelling reading for anyone interested in heritage issues, archaeology, anthropology material culture studies, and tourism.

This volume is published on the occasion of the opening of the National Museum of Qatar in the state's capital, Doha. It explores and celebrates architect Jean Nouvel's innovative design which, inspired by the desert rose with its interlocking disks, responds to the country's desert location by the sea. The museum, built around Sheikh Abdullah bin Jassim Al-Thani's original 19th-century palace, honours Qatar's heritage while looking to its future as a thriving cultural hub. This special edition is in a larger format with additional images, and is produced to the highest standard of quality with multiple paper stocks, sprayed edges, gatefolds and a beautiful slipcase.

The Acropolis in Athens has captured the imaginations of readers, writers and travellers for centuries and every year draws crowds from all over the world. One of the world's most famous heritage sites, it has long been a national monument of Greece and a potent symbol of western civilization. But the Acropolis is typically viewed in the context of 5th-century-BC Athenian society, while the multiple local and international meanings and identities that the site shapes today are overlooked.
This book looks at the meaning of the Acropolis in contemporary Greece. How are global ideas adopted and adapted by local cultures? How do Greeks deal with the national and international features of their ancient classical heritage? How do the global cultural constructions surrounding the Acropolis become part of local practices which project Greek cultural difference?
The author examines this historic site as a powerful agent for negotiations of power on an international level. Drawing from a wide range of sources as well as original fieldwork, this handsomely illustrated book will make compelling reading for anyone interested in heritage issues, archaeology, anthropology material culture studies, and tourism.

Ireland was not unique in creating and perpetuating an institutional response to insanity, but did enjoy the dubious distinction of having, by 1950s, the world's highest number of psychiatric beds per capita. Social and medical historians have posited various theories for this, but to date none have examined the spaces and landscapes created to facilitate this spectacular expansion in institutional provision. The research on which this book is based reveals the meaning and significance of the architectural and landscape legacy from the inception of the asylum system to its extinction, in the context of an evolving political, social, medical and economic climate. The research reveals a rich typology - from the earliest structures which embodied Enlightenment theories and pioneering approaches to treatment within their very fabric, through impressive architectural set-pieces designed by the leading architects of the era, to enormous receptacles of the hopeless which demonstrated technical ingenuity in addressing the challenges of accommodating historically unprecedented numbers of people in a single building. Most were set within designed landscapes which attest to the original curative aspirations of the institution.

Moshe Safdie explains that probably more than half of his lifetime design work is unbuilt, and he considers his unbuilt work to be some of his most significant work. In this richly illustrated book, replete with detailed diagrams, sketches, models and studies, Moshe Safdie explains that for those who design in order to build, not succeeding in building is never a failure (there are many reasons why a project might not be built) because these designs are part of the evolution of an architect's work. This volume is a fascinating journey through Safdie's thoughts and career, and also a historical reference of the social and political forces at play at the time. Not only a treatise on Safdie's unrealised concepts, this book is also a wonderful affirmation that there is valuable heritage in the unbuilt. Includes a number of significant projects from around the globe, including the following: Habitat Original Proposal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada 1964; Habitat New York II, New York, New York, United States 1967; San Francisco State, College Student Union, San Francisco, California, United States 1967; Pompidou Centre, Paris, France 1971; Western Wall Precinct, Jerusalem, Israel 1972; Supreme Court of Israel, Jerusalem, Israel 1985; Columbus Center, New York, New York, United States 1985; Ballet Opera House, Toronto, Ontario, Canada 1987; Museum of Contemporary Art, Stuttgart, Germany 1990; Superconducting Super Collider Laboratory, Waxahachie, Texas, United States 1993; Incheon Airport, Incheon, Korea 2011; Jumeirah Gateway Mosque, Dubai, UAE 2007; National Art Museum of China, Beijing, China 2012.