SAFe (R) 5.0: The World's Leading Framework for Business Agility "Those who master large-scale software delivery will define the economic landscape of the twenty-first century. SAFe 5.0 is a monumental release that I am convinced will be key in helping countless enterprise organizations succeed in their shift from project to product." -Dr. Mik Kersten, CEO of Tasktop and author of the book Project to Product Business agility is the ability to compete and thrive in the digital age by quickly responding to unprecedented market changes, threats, and emerging opportunities with innovative business solutions. SAFe (R) 5.0 Distilled: Achieving Business Agility with Scaled Agile Framework (R) explains how adopting SAFe helps enterprises use the power of Agile, Lean, and DevOps to outflank the competition and deliver complex, technology-based business solutions in the shortest possible time. This book will help you Understand the business case for SAFe: its benefits, and the problems it solves Learn the technical, organizational and leadership competencies needed for business agility Refocus on customer centricity with design thinking Better align strategy and execution with Lean Portfolio Management Learn the leadership skills needed to thrive in the digital age Increase the flow of value to customers with value stream networks Register your book for convenient access to downloads, updates, and/or corrections as they become available. See inside book for details.

In an article for Wired Magazine in 2006, Jeff Howe defined crowdsourcing as an idea for outsourcing a task that is traditionally performed by a single employee to a large group of people in the form of an open call. Since then, by modifying crowdsourcing into different forms, some of the most successful new companies on the market have used this idea to make people's lives easier and better. On the other hand, software testing has long been recognized as a time-consuming and expensive activity. Mobile application testing is especially difficult, largely due to compatibility issues: a mobile application must work on devices with different operating systems (e.g. iOS, Android), manufacturers (e.g. Huawei, Samsung) and keypad types (e.g. virtual keypad, hard keypad). One cannot be 100% sure that, just because a tested application works well on one device, it will run smoothly on all others.Crowdsourced testing is an emerging paradigm that can improve the cost-effectiveness of software testing and accelerate the process, especially for mobile applications. It entrusts testing tasks to online crowdworkers whose diverse testing devices/contexts, experience, and skill sets can significantly contribute to more reliable, cost-effective and efficient testing results. It has already been adopted by many software organizations, including Google, Facebook, Amazon and Microsoft. This book provides an intelligent overview of crowdsourced testing research and practice. It employs machine learning, data mining, and deep learning techniques to process the data generated during the crowdsourced testing process, to facilitate the management of crowdsourced testing, and to improve the quality of crowdsourced testing.

Combinatorial optimisation is a ubiquitous discipline whose usefulness spans vast applications domains. The intrinsic complexity of most combinatorial optimisation problems makes classical methods unaffordable in many cases. To acquire practical solutions to these problems requires the use of metaheuristic approaches that trade completeness for pragmatic effectiveness. Such approaches are able to provide optimal or quasi-optimal solutions to a plethora of difficult combinatorial optimisation problems.

The application of metaheuristics to combinatorial optimisation is an active field in which new theoretical developments, new algorithmic models, and new application areas are continuously emerging. This volume presents recent advances in the area of metaheuristic combinatorial optimisation, with a special focus on evolutionary computation methods. Moreover, it addresses local search methods and hybrid approaches. In this sense, the book includes cutting-edge theoretical, methodological, algorithmic and applied developments in the field, from respected experts and with a sound perspective.

Software is pervasive in our lives. We are accustomed to dealing with the failures of much of that software - restarting an application is a very familiar solution. Such solutions are unacceptable when the software controls our cars, airplanes and medical devices or manages our private information. These applications must run without error. SPARK provides a means, based on mathematical proof, to guarantee that a program has no errors. SPARK is a formally defined programming language and a set of verification tools specifically designed to support the development of software used in high integrity applications. Using SPARK, developers can formally verify properties of their code such as information flow, freedom from runtime errors, functional correctness, security properties and safety properties. Written by two SPARK experts, this is the first introduction to the just-released 2014 version. It will help students and developers alike master the basic concepts for building systems with SPARK.

Activity theory is a way of describing and characterizing the structure of human - tivity of all kinds. First introduced by Russian psychologists Rubinshtein, Leontiev, and Vigotsky in the early part of the last century, activity theory has more recently gained increasing attention among interaction designers and others in the hum- computer interaction and usability communities (see, for example, Gay and H- brooke, 2004). Interest was given a signi?cant boost when Donald Norman suggested activity-theory and activity-centered design as antidotes to some of the putative ills of "human-centered design" (Norman, 2005). Norman, who has been credited with coining the phrase "user-centered design," suggested that too much attention focused on human users may be harmful, that to design better tools designers need to focus not so much on users as on the activities in which users are engaged and the tasks they seek to perform within those activities. Although many researchers and practitioners claim to have used or been in?uenced by activity theory in their work (see, for example, Nardi, 1996), it is often dif?cult to trace precisely where or how the results have actually been shaped by activity theory. Inmanycases, evendetailedcasestudiesreportresultsthatseemonlydistantlyrelated, if at all, to the use of activity theory. Contributing to the lack of precise and traceable impact is that activity theory, - spite its name, is not truly a formal and proper theory.

This book presents in their basic form the most important models of computation, their basic programming paradigms, and their mathematical descriptions, both concrete and abstract. Each model is accompanied by relevant formal techniques for reasoning on it and for proving some properties. After preliminary chapters that introduce the notions of structure and meaning, semantic methods, inference rules, and logic programming, the authors arrange their chapters into parts on IMP, a simple imperative language; HOFL, a higher-order functional language; concurrent, nondeterministic and interactive models; and probabilistic/stochastic models. The authors have class-tested the book content over many years, and it will be valuable for graduate and advanced undergraduate students of theoretical computer science and distributed systems, and for researchers in this domain. Each chapter of the book concludes with a list of exercises addressing the key techniques introduced, solutions to selected exercises are offered at the end of the book.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of five International Workshops held as parallel events of the 18th IFIP WG 12.5 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Applications and Innovations, AIAI 2022, virtually and in Hersonissos, Crete, Greece, in June 2022: the 11th Mining Humanistic Data Workshop (MHDW 2022); the 7th 5G-Putting Intelligence to the Network Edge Workshop (5G-PINE 2022); the 1st workshop on AI in Energy, Building and Micro-Grids (AIBMG 2022); the 1st Workshop/Special Session on Machine Learning and Big Data in Health Care (ML@HC 2022); and the 2nd Workshop on Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering and Informatics (AIBEI 2022). The 35 full papers presented at these workshops were carefully reviewed and selected from 74 submissions.

Manufacturing computers in series was quite a feat in the 1950s. As mathematical as it gets, the machines discussed here were called X1 and X8. The industrial achievement combined with the background in a mathematical research center made the company Electrologica a legend in Dutch computing. The tales in this book are told by those who have a right to tell. Highly engaged professionals take readers back to their pioneering work with the machines and in retrospect unveil some of the values, which went without saying in the 1960s. To disagree, Paul Klint relates the contrasting views on software in Dutch research traditions. ALGOL culture: Frans Kruseman Aretz takes the reader along to the detailed decisions on constructing compilers and shows the values of an ALGOL culture transpiring. Signposts: Dirk Dekker for the first time 'owns' his algorithm for mutual exclusion. In particle physics: Rene van Dantzig's use case was an Electrologica X8 computer controlling two other computers in three-dimensional detection of colliding particles. Early steps in AI: Lambert Meertens' tale of the X8 machine composing a violin quartet comes with his original presentation, as well as the code in ALGOL 60. The reflections of first hand experiences combine well with the second thoughts of historical research into archival sources. Historians Huub de Beer and Gerard Alberts offer a view into the boardrooms of the local enterprise Electrologica, and of the electronics multinational Philips. Where pioneers and historians meet in an inspiring dialogue, the reader gains a view on the often implicit decisions constituting the field. Fortuitously, a copy of the X8 was retrieved from Kiel, Germany, and put on display at Rijksmuseum Boerhaave, Leiden. Sparked by the very material presence of an X8, the present book takes stock of the state of historiography of Electrologica. Gerard Alberts is an associate professor in History of Digital Cultures, retired from the University of Amsterdam. Jan Friso Groote is a full professor of Formal Methods at the Eindhoven University of Technology.

In 1980 the Indian software industry was practically non-existent. By the 1990s the industry was one of the largest employers in manufacturing. Similar patterns of growth can be found in other emerging economies. So given that the software industry is commonly viewed as a high-tech industry, how is it that such spectacular growth has occurred in countries where high-tech industries would not seem likely to develop? This book examines the reasons behind this phenomenon, and asks whether it suggests a new model of economic development. The contributors explore the implications of the rise of these newcomers to the software market for the global industry, and whether there are things to be learned about the role of human capital in economic growth, firm formulation and capabilities, business and managerial models and industry structure. Chapters include country studies on Brazil, China, India, Ireland and Israel and are complemented by cross-cutting chapters on some of the key issues highlighted by the groeth patterns of software in these nations, most notably the role of the multinational companies, the globalization of the skilled worker flows, and the formation of firm capabilities. The novelty of the growth patterns in the regions that studied makes this book useful for understanding analytical and empirical issues underlying new microfoundations of economic growth in some emerging regions of the world.

This volume offers a systematic approach to creating and positioning reusable software components and products. The Domain Analysis methodology described in the book shows how to use commonality and variability analysis in studying the market, co-ordinating with competitors, engineering new products, and minimizing risks. Software engineers and network designers should learn how to analyze and define a "space of variability" on which new products can be based and positioned. Additionally, the book helps readers to understand how software products compare, how to market software reuse products, how to co-ordinate release of a product to profit from a competitor's release and pool groups of users, and how to maximize long-term marketing plans for your product. Real-world case studies illustrate applications of the methodologies described in the book, including "Sherlock", a method that binds domain analysis to market analysis and planning.

Extensive research conducted by the Hasso Plattner Design Thinking Research Program at Stanford University in Palo Alto, California, USA, and the Hasso Plattner Institute in Potsdam, Germany, has yielded valuable insights on why and how design thinking works. Researchers have identified metrics, developed models, and conducted studies, which are featured in this book, and in the previous volumes of this series. Offering readers a closer look at design thinking, and its innovation processes and methods, this volume covers topics ranging from understanding success factors of design thinking to exploring the potential that lies in the use of digital technologies. Furthermore, readers learn how special-purpose design thinking can be used to solve thorny problems in complex fields, such as the health sector or software development. Thinking and devising innovations are inherently human activities - so is design thinking. Accordingly, design thinking is not merely the result of special courses or of being gifted or trained: it is a way of dealing with our environment and improving techniques, technologies and life. As such, the research outcomes compiled in this book should increase knowledge and provide inspiration to all seeking to drive innovation - be they experienced design thinkers or newcomers.

DESCRIPTION Types are often seen as a tool for checking errors, with the programmer writing a complete program first and using the type checker to detect errors. And while tests are used to show presence of errors, they can only find errors that you explicitly test for. In typedriven development, types become your tools for constructing programs and, used appropriately, can show the absence of errors. And you can express precise relationships between data, your assumptions are explicit and checkable, and you can precisely state and verify properties. Type-driven development lets users write extensible code, create simple specifications very early in development, and easily create mock implementation for testing. Type-Driven Development with Idris, written by the creator of Idris, teaches programmers how to improve the performance and accuracy of programs by taking advantage of a state-of-the-art type system. This book teaches readers using Idris, a language designed from the very beginning to support type-driven development. Readers learn how to manipulate types just like any other construct (numbers, strings, lists, etc.). This book teaches how to use type-driven development to build real-world software, as well as how to handle side-effects, state and concurrency, and interoperating with existing systems. By the end of this book, readers will be able to develop robust and verified software in Idris and apply type-driven development methods to programming in other languages. KEY FEATURES * Written by the creator of Idris * Improve performance and accuracy of programs * Teaches Idris, a new type-driven development language * Hands-on code examples * Build real-world software AUDIENCE Written for programmers with knowledge of basic functional programming concepts. ABOUT THE TECHNOLOGY Type-driven development lets you write extensible code, create simple specifications very early in development, and easily create mock implementation for testing. In type-driven development, types become your tools for constructing programs and, used appropriately, can show the absence of errors.

Architectural coordination of enterprise transformation (ACET) integrates and aggregates local information and provides different viewpoints, such as financial, structural, or skill perspectives to the respective stakeholder groups, with the aim of creating a consensus and shared understanding of an enterprise transformation among the stakeholders. Its core purpose is to inform decision-makers with both local and enterprise-wide concerns so that the overall transformation goals can be successfully pursued, i.e. reducing inconsistencies and including local decisions in the overarching goals. This book consists of three major parts, framed by an introduction and a summary. To enable readers to gain a better understanding of the issues involved in real-world enterprise transformations as well as the possible role of architectural coordination and the associated challenges, Part I provides an analysis of status quo of corporate ACET practice. Part II then continues with an exploration of the challenges facing ACET from a theoretical perspective. Based on these challenges, Part III then presents a collection of components for a possible design theory for ACET. Instead of an integrated method, this collection of components constitutes method fragments that can be arranged in different ways depending on the perspective taken, the actual enterprise architecture management approach, the enterprise transformation type and the transformation's context.

The aim of the book is to create a bridge between two 'lands' that are usually kept separate: technical tools and legal rules should be bound together for moulding a special 'toolbox' to solve present and future issues. The volume is intended to contribute to this 'toolbox' in the area of software services, while addressing how to make legal studies work closely with engineers' and computer scientists' fields of expertise, who are increasingly involved in tangled choices on daily programming and software development. In this respect, law has not lost its importance and its own categories in the digital world, but as well as any social science needs to experience a new realistic approach amid technological development and individuals' fundamental rights and freedoms.

Software engineering is of major importance to all enterprises; however, the key areas of software quality and software process improvement standards and models are currently geared toward large organizations, where most software organizations are small and medium enterprises. ""Software Process Improvement for Small and Medium Enterprises"" offers practical and useful guidelines, models, and techniques for improving software processes and products for small and medium enterprises, utilizing the authoritative, demonstrative tools of case studies and lessons learned to provide academics, scholars, and practitioners with an invaluable research source.

This book is about describing the meaning of programming languages. The author teaches the skill of writing semantic descriptions as an efficient way to understand the features of a language. While a compiler or an interpreter offers a form of formal description of a language, it is not something that can be used as a basis for reasoning about that language nor can it serve as a definition of a programming language itself since this must allow a range of implementations. By writing a formal semantics of a language a designer can yield a far shorter description and tease out, analyse and record design choices. Early in the book the author introduces a simple notation, a meta-language, used to record descriptions of the semantics of languages. In a practical approach, he considers dozens of issues that arise in current programming languages and the key techniques that must be mastered in order to write the required formal semantic descriptions. The book concludes with a discussion of the eight key challenges: delimiting a language (concrete representation), delimiting the abstract content of a language, recording semantics (deterministic languages), operational semantics (non-determinism), context dependency, modelling sharing, modelling concurrency, and modelling exits. The content is class-tested and suitable for final-year undergraduate and postgraduate courses. It is also suitable for any designer who wants to understand languages at a deep level. Most chapters offer projects, some of these quite advanced exercises that ask for complete descriptions of languages, and the book is supported throughout with pointers to further reading and resources. As a prerequisite the reader should know at least one imperative high-level language and have some knowledge of discrete mathematics notation for logic and set theory.

This fourth Edition presents new examples on submodules, derived type i/o, object oriented programming, abstract interfaces and procedure pointers, C interop, sorting and searching, statistics and converting to more modern versions of Fortran. Key Features Highlights the core language features of modern Fortran including data typing, array processing, control structures, functions, subroutines, modules and submodules, user defined types, pointers, operator overloading, generic programming, parallel programming, abstract interfaces, procedure pointers Pinpoints common problems that occur when programming Illustrates the use of several compilers Introduction to Programming with Fortran has been written for the complete beginner with little or no programming background as well as existing Fortran programmers and those with programming experience in other languages

Embedded Software Development With C offers both an effectual reference for professionals and researchers, and a valuable learning tool for students by laying the groundwork for a solid foundation in the hardware and software aspects of embedded systems development.

Key features include a resource for the fundamentals of embedded systems design and development with an emphasis on software, an exploration of the 8051 microcontroller as it pertains to embedded systems, comprehensive tutorial materials for instructors to provide students with labs of varying lengths and levels of difficulty, and supporting website including all sample codes, software tools and links to additional online references.

This book presents an overview of the latest smart transportation systems, IoV connectivity frameworks, issues of security and safety in VANETs, future developments in the IoV, technical solutions to address key challenges, and other related topics. A connected vehicle is a vehicle equipped with Internet access and wireless LAN, which allows the sharing of data through various devices, inside as well as outside the vehicle. The ad-hoc network of such vehicles, often referred to as VANET or the Internet of vehicles (IoV), is an application of IoT technology, and may be regarded as an integration of three types of networks: inter-vehicle, intra-vehicle, and vehicular mobile networks. VANET involves several varieties of vehicle connectivity mechanisms, including vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-cloud (V2C), and vehicle-to-everything (V2X). According to one survey, it is expected that there will be approximately 380 million connected cars on the roads by 2020. IoV is an important aspect of the new vision for smart transportation. The book is divided into three parts: examining the evolution of IoV (basic concepts, principles, technologies, and architectures), connectivity of vehicles in the IoT (protocols, frameworks, and methodologies), connected vehicle environments and advanced topics in VANETs (security and safety issues, autonomous operations, machine learning, sensor technology, and AI). By providing scientific contributions and workable suggestions from researchers and practitioners in the areas of IoT, IoV, and security, this valuable reference aims to extend the body of existing knowledge.

This book presents a guide to navigating the complicated issues of quality and process improvement in enterprise software implementation, and the effect these have on the software development life cycle (SDLC). Offering an integrated approach that includes important management and decision practices, the text explains how to create successful automated solutions that fit user and customer needs, by mixing different SDLC methodologies. With an emphasis on the realities of practice, the book offers essential advice on defining business requirements, and managing change. This revised and expanded second edition includes new content on such areas as cybersecurity, big data, and digital transformation. Features: presents examples, case studies, and chapter-ending problems and exercises; concentrates on the skills needed to distinguish successful software implementations; considers the political and cultural realities in organizations; suggests many alternatives for how to manage and model a system.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference on Open Source Systems, OSS 2021, held virtually in May 2021.The 4 full papers and 3 short papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics in the field of free/libre open source software (FLOSS) and discuss theories, practices, experiences, and tools on development and applications of OSS systems, with a specific focus on two aspects:(a) the development of open source systems and the underlying technical, social, and economic issue, (b) the adoption of OSS solutions and the implications of such adoption both in the public and in the private sector.

"A great book to introduce developers to the essential role that logging plays in software design and support." - Trent Whiteley Logging in Action teaches you how to make your log processing a real asset for your application, all with free and open source tools. You'll use the powerful log management tool Fluentd to solve common log problems, and learn how proper log management can improve performance and make management of software solutions easier. Through useful examples like sending log driven events to Slack, you'll get hands-on experience applying structure to your unstructured data. about the technology Fluentd is a powerful log management tool that seamlessly handles messy logging data, from operational errors, to application events, and security events. It decouples log data, such as SNMP or slow database queries, from backend systems and easily sends it where it needs to go-thanks to 500+ flexible plugins covering all major services. about the book Logging in Action is a guide to streamlining your log processing, turning logged data into a tool that will boost your application's performance. It's packed with tips and tricks on how proper log management can improve your application's security, speed, and cost-effectiveness. You'll master the basics of the Fluentd management tool, then take a peek behind the scenes at how different configurations will impact and improve the way your systems function. By the time you're done, you'll be able to reliably configure Fluentd so that it can easily scale to handle even the largest data loads. what's inside Deploy Fluentd and Fluent Bit into varied environments Configure Fluentd and Fluent Bit to solve common log problems Fluentd for microservices Connect a custom log source or destination with Fluentd's extensibility framework Create a custom plugin for niche problems Logging best practices and common pitfalls about the reader For developers and operations people familiar with application logging or infrastructure monitor logs. about the author Phil Wilkins has spent over 25 years in the software industry. He works as a Technology Evangelist for Capgemini, specializing in cloud integration, APIs, and related technologies. Phil is TOGAF certified, and recognized by Oracle as an Ace Director (independent technology advocate) for his contributions to the integration and PaaS community.