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Mechanisms of Genome Protection and Repair (Hardcover, 1st ed. 2020)
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Mechanisms of Genome Protection and Repair (Hardcover, 1st ed. 2020)
Series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 1241
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DNA is under constant challenge from environmental and endogenous
metabolic assaults. Several layers of defence and repair systems
allow cells to maintain stable genomes; in humans, dysfunction of
these systems leads to cancer, neurodegeneration, and other
pathologies. At the same time, recently it had emerged that
targeted and regulated DNA damage and repair is a mechanism
underlying several important cellular processes such as epigenetic
demethylation and immunoglobulin gene diversification. The present
collection of papers is aimed to cover new developments in the area
of protective and regulatory mechanisms associated with DNA damage.
The mechanisms ruling the recognition of damaged nucleotides
against the vast background of normal ones are reviewed. The role
of extended non-catalytic domains that are often found in
eukaryotic DNA repair proteins in contrast to their downsized,
catalytic-only bacterial counterparts is discussed. Among the
proposed subjects are the regulatory functions of bulky covalent
modifications such as poly(ADP)ribosylation and ubiquitylation in
DNA damage response, especially in the context of chromatin
remodelling. As opposed to DNA repair, damage tolerance allows
cells to replicate with lesions in the genome; the enzymes
responsible are also covered. Finally, we present examples of
modern multilevel understanding of the cell function and
malfunction in the wake of genotoxic assaults such as oxidative
stress, abiotic environmental stress, and DNA-damaging plant
toxins.
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