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Books > Medicine > Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences > Human reproduction, growth & development > Human growth & development > Maturation & ageing
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Is Aging a Disease? - Untangling the Relationship (Paperback)
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Is Aging a Disease? - Untangling the Relationship (Paperback)
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Each species has its own characteristic aging trajectory coded by a
species-specific developmental program. This developmental program
is triggered at the time of fertilization, hence aging begins at
conception. Within a species there are considerable variations in
the aging phenotype between individuals due to the plasticity of
the developmental process and its inherent stochasticity. The
evolution of a species is due to genetic changes in its underlying
developmental program and when enough genetic changes have
accumulated a new species emerges with its own characteristic aging
phenotype. Therefore, speciation and aging are linked processes.
Over the evolutionary course of the human lineage, culture has been
an important driver of evolutionary change. Culture is not
restricted to the human lineage but only humans have evolved
cumulative culture; the transmission of modified cultural practices
across generations. Early cultural innovations such as toolmaking,
agriculture and dairy farming had a utilitarian function. However,
over the past 100 to 150 years, there has been a significant change
in the pace and nature of cultural innovations. Although many
cultural innovations still have a utilitarian function, a new
category of cultural innovations has emerged that have
"entertainment" functions in the domains of social communication
and information transfer. In addition, cultural practices by the
tobacco, food and technological industries have been used to modify
population behaviors, physiology and beliefs. Over the past 50 to
75 years, there has emerged so called chronic non-infectious
diseases, which occurrence parallels the development of these new
cultural innovations and practices. In addition, culture has now
become the primary driver of human evolution. In answer to the
question posed by the title of this book, aging is not a disease
and diseases are cultural constructs used to define variants in the
aging process.
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