Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates (Paperback, Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2016)

This thesis addresses one of the most fundamental challenges for modern science: how can the brain as a network of neurons process information, how can it create and store internal models of our world, and how can it infer conclusions from ambiguous data? The author addresses these questions with the rigorous language of mathematics and theoretical physics, an approach that requires a high degree of abstraction to transfer results of wet lab biology to formal models. The thesis starts with an in-depth description of the state-of-the-art in theoretical neuroscience, which it subsequently uses as a basis to develop several new and original ideas. Throughout the text, the author connects the form and function of neuronal networks. This is done in order to achieve functional performance of biological brains by transferring their form to synthetic electronics substrates, an approach referred to as neuromorphic computing. The obvious aspect that this transfer can never be perfect but necessarily leads to performance differences is substantiated and explored in detail. The author also introduces a novel interpretation of the firing activity of neurons. He proposes a probabilistic interpretation of this activity and shows by means of formal derivations that stochastic neurons can sample from internally stored probability distributions. This is corroborated by the author's recent findings, which confirm that biological features like the high conductance state of networks enable this mechanism. The author goes on to show that neural sampling can be implemented on synthetic neuromorphic circuits, paving the way for future applications in machine learning and cognitive computing, for example as energy-efficient implementations of deep learning networks. The thesis offers an essential resource for newcomers to the field and an inspiration for scientists working in theoretical neuroscience and the future of computing.

General

Imprint:	Springer International Publishing AG
Country of origin:	Switzerland
Series:	Springer Theses
Release date:	May 2018
First published:	2016
Authors:	Mihai Alexandru Petrovici
Dimensions:	235 x 155 x 21mm (L x W x T)
Format:	Paperback
Pages:	374
Edition:	Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. 2016
ISBN-13:	978-3-319-81913-6
Categories:	Books > Medicine > Clinical & internal medicine > Neurology & clinical neurophysiology Books > Science & Mathematics > Physics > General Books > Computing & IT > Applications of computing > Computer modelling & simulation Books > Science & Mathematics > Mathematics > Algebra > General Books > Science & Mathematics > Mathematics > Applied mathematics > General Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Zoology & animal sciences > General
LSN:	3-319-81913-5
Barcode:	9783319819136

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