The book will be written by the experts in the disease including imaging, interventional cardiology and surgical valve expertise. The book has five main sections: Aortic Valve Disease Mitral Valve Disease Tricuspid Valve Disease Pulmonic Valve Disease Multimodality Imaging The main objectives of the book are: 1- to provide the main guidelines to clinicians on how to identify and diagnose valvular heart disease 2- to provide an overview of what the near future will bring in the diagnosis, prevention and risk stratification of patients to catheter versus surgical approaches 3- to outline the possible implications for medical therapies in slowing progression of calcific aortic valve disease and myxomatous mitral valve disease

This important new book presents advancements in the treatment and prevention of Atrial Fibrillation (AF). The reader is provided with the latest information that is critically important in the daily care and for the potential cure of patients with AF. Each chapter deals with a different aspect of AF and each chapter is authored by internationally recognized experts in the evolving field of cardiac electrophysiology. This book is a single source that provides a multi-perspective look at and approach to AF. Because AF is so prevalent and affects all areas of medicine, the information in this book will be useful to all those in the medical field.

Percutaneous left atrial appendage (LAA) closure is an emerging technology for thromboembolic prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). The first human implantation of an LAA device occurred in 2001, and since then four devices have received CE mark approval. These devices are being widely used in Europe for LAA closure in patients who are poor candidates for long-term oral anticoagulation. In the US, the WATCHMAN device (Boston Scientific) is anticipated to receive FDA approval imminently for AF patients who are warfarin-eligible. This approval is projected to significantly expand the indications for LAA closures worldwide. Thus, the volume of procedures is anticipated to escalate. This book discusses the epidemiology of AF as a cause of stroke; the use of LAA closure in the reduction of thromboembolism with AF; early surgical approaches and novel surgical devices for LAA closure; and current percutaneous approaches and devices available for LAA closure. The emphasis of this book is on percutaneous technical approaches and contemporary trial results on the leading devices (PLAATO, WATCHMAN, Amplatzer Cardiac Plug, and LARIAT). It also reviews unapproved devices in development, in both clinical and pre-clinical phases.

This book provides an in depth review of the current practice in treating elderly patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) as well as an update of the existing literature. It is intended to reflect the current science of elderly patients with stable angina, acute coronary syndromes and those patients who are forwarded for CAGB procedures. Evidence in the elderly patient group is often limited and/or non-existent therefore the main challenge, even for further research, will be to define the role of geriatric preconditions and its impact on outcome. A second topic will be to clarify how, if ever, existing cardiological outcome values like mortality can be applied to elderly patients or if other values like improvement of functional status or quality of life are more suitable parameters to measure interventional success in elderly patients. The role of pharmacotherapy in advanced age has to be discussed. These topics will be embedded in epidemiological, pathophysiological and ethical aspects of interventional treatment of CAD in older age.

This book presents and describes a series of informative clinical cases with the aim of providing the reader with a clear understanding of the most frequent and challenging scenarios that a cardiologist may face during daily clinical practice. All major topics in modern clinical cardiology are addressed, including acute ischemic heart disease, conditions that mimic ischemic heart disease, heart failure and resynchronization therapy, cardiomyopathy, valvular heart disease, arrhythmias and channelopathies. Guidance is provided on imaging techniques and their interpretation, patient management taking into account potential comorbidities and follow-up appropriate to the clinical circumstances. The paradigmatic clinical cases in this book will serve as a sound basis for learning for medical students, residents and others wishing to meet successfully the challenges posed by cardiac disease. In addition, the book will be a very useful reference for the more experienced cardiologist.

The two previous editions of Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine proved extremely successful, and the book has now been revised and split into two volumes to enhance ease of use. This first volume comprises three elements -- "physiological notes," "technical notes," and seminal studies. The physiological notes concisely and clearly capture the essence of the physiological perspectives underpinning our understanding of disease and response to therapy. The technical notes then succinctly explain some of the basics of "how to" in this technology-centered field of critical care medicine. Finally, a number of seminal studies are provided on diverse topics in intensive care. Applied Physiology in Intensive Care, written by some of the most renowned experts in the field, is an up-to-date compendium of practical bedside knowledge that will serve the clinician as an invaluable reference source on key issues regularly confronted in everyday practice.

The two previous editions of Applied Physiology in Intensive Care Medicine proved extremely successful, and the book has now been revised and split into two volumes to enhance ease of use. In this second volume some of the most renowned experts in the field offer detailed reviews on measurement techniques and physiological processes of crucial importance in intensive care medicine. Throughout, a key aim is to help overcome the fundamental unevenness in clinicians' understanding of applied physiology, which can lead to suboptimal treatment decisions. Applied Physiology in Intensive Care has been written by some of the most renowned experts in the field and provides an up-to-date compendium of practical bedside knowledge essential to the effective delivery of acute care medicine. It will serve the clinician as an invaluable reference source on key issues regularly confronted in everyday practice.

T e four heart valves reside in the center of the heart. T is indicates their crucial role in cardiac performance. Fau- less function of the valves is a prerequisite for unidir- tional forward movement of the blood, and such function is necessary to support the ef orts of the cardiac atria and ventricles. Healthy heart valves function gracefully and of er mechanical durability. Bioengineers have to marvel at the biomechanical evolution of these perfectly placed valves. Heart valves can be involved in pathological processes, however, and only then do we realize just how indispensable they really are. At one time, serious valve disorders used to be a matter of life and death for patients. Only in recent decades have surgeons been able to reverse the ominous course of heart valve disease and of er patients a quality of life and life span comparable to that of healthy persons. T e story of this ef ort began approximately 100 years ago, and today heart valve surgery is a substantial subspecialty of cardiac surgery, with accumulated experience in indications, procedures, risks, and outcomes. T e aim of this book is to present a richly illustrated compendium of the present knowledge related to heart valve surgery, based on the clinical expertise of the authors as well as the newest treatment modalities. T e authors thank Dr. Alireeza Matloobi from the Mayo Clinic for his help in preparating the book.

This book, unique in focusing specifically on cardiac masses, is the result of cooperation among a number of teams of radiologists working under the aegis of the French Society of Cardiovascular Imaging (SFICV). Its goal is to review the different CMR sequences and CT acquisition protocols used to explore cardiac masses, highlighting their diagnostic capabilities. It has been designed as a teaching tool and offers a fully illustrated compendium of clinical cases, tables summarizing data, and decision-making trees essential in everyday practice. It is presented as a practical handbook and can be either read cover to cover or consulted whenever needed during a cardiac imaging assignment. The book is intended for all students and experienced practitioners, whether radiologists or not, who are interested in cardiac or thoracic pathology.

This book provides information on the acquired and genetic basis of aortic diseases as well as giving a global perspective on therapeutic alternatives. The new concept of a team approach with surgeons working together with both interventional radiologists and specialists to repair the aorta is the trademark of this book. New material and new viewpoints are provided to practicing physicians in this modern approach to the treatment of disorders of the aorta.

It is now 20 years since thoracoscopic surgery first entered everyday hospital practice, revolutionizing surgery and offering major benefits to patients. The intervening years have witnessed rapid progress, with the development of a variety of specialized techniques and equipment. This superbly illustrated book provides authoritative and comprehensive descriptions of the various minimally invasive techniques that are currently employed in thoracic and cardiac surgery. A wide range of thoracoscopic procedures are explained and discussed, and detailed attention is also paid to robotic and robot-assisted surgical techniques. Throughout, the emphasis is on clear description of procedures and identification of practical aspects of relevance in surgical practice. The authors are some of the world's most experienced thoracic and cardiac surgeons, and many of them have contributed greatly to the exploration and development of the field.

Introduction to CT scan and MRI.- Anomalous systemic venous connections.- Anomalous pulmonary venous connections.- Atrial septal defect.- Unroofed coronary sinus.- Atrioventricular septal defect.- Ventricular septal defect.- Tetralogy of Fallot.- Tetralogy of Fallot with absent pulmonary valve.- Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum.- Ebstein's anomaly.- Patent ductus arteriosus.- Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.- Aortic coarctation.- Aortic arch interruption.- Complete transposition of the great arteries.- Hypoplastic left heart syndrome.- Cor triatriatum.- Tricuspid atresia.- Single ventricle.- Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect.- Truncus arteriosus.- Aorto-pulmonary window.- Anomalous pulmonary arteries.- Anomalous coronary arteries.- Double outlet right ventricle.- Double discordance.- Isomerism.- Slings and rings.

Imaging of the aortic root.- Perioperative imaging for assessing aortic and mitral valve diseases and surgical procedures.- Innovations in aortic valve surgery.- The aortic root.- Percutaneous transluminal aortic valve replacement: The CoreValve prosthesis.- Transapical aortic valve implantation - A truly minimally invasive option for high-risk patients.- From minimally invasive to percutaneous aortic valve replacement.- Sutureless equine aortic valve replacement.- The Ross operation: Aortic valve and root replacement with pulmonary autograft.- Pulmonary autograft or aortic allograft for surgical treatment of active infective aortic valve endocarditis: a review of the literature.- The Ross operation: two decades of clinical experience.- Aortic valve repair and valve sparing root procedures.- The bicuspid aortic valve.- From dynamic anatomy to conservative aortic valve surgery: the tale of the ring.- Yacoub/David techniques for aortic root operation: success and failures.- Aortic annuloplasty.- Correction of aortic valve incompetence combined with ascending aortic aneurysm by relocation of the aortic valve plane through a short-length aortic graft replacement.- Using BioGlue to achieve hemostasis in aortic root surgery.- Endocarditis.- Challenges in the surgical management of infective endocarditis.- Clinical results of the Shelhigh(R) stentless bioprosthesis in patients with active infective endocarditis: .- Double valve endocarditis and evolving paraannular abscess formation.- Aortic root abscess: reconstruction of the left ventricular outflow tract and allograft aortic valve and root replacement.- Implantation techniques of freehand subcoronary aortic valve and root replacement with a cryopreserved allograft for aortic root abscess.- Surgery for atrial fibrillation.- Cryoablation for the treatment of atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve surgery.- Minimally invasive endoscopic ablation on the beating heart in patients with lone atrial fibrillation.- Hemodynamic evaluation of the bioprosthetic aortic valves.- Evaluation of bioprosthetic valve performance as a function of geometric orifice area and space efficiency- A reliable alternative to effective orifice area.- Long-term results of biological valves.- Stented and stentless aortic bioprostheses: competitive or complimentary?.- Edwards Prima Plus Stentless Bioprosthesis: Long-term clinical and hemodynamic results.- The Cryo-Life O'Brien stentless valve: 1991-2008.- Medtronic stentless Freestyle(R) porcine aortic valve replacement.- The ATS 3f Aortic Bioprosthesis.- The Vascutek Elan stentless porcine prosthesis - The Glasgow experience.- Sorin pericardial valves.- The changing role of pericardial tissue in biological valve surgery: 22 years' experience with the Sorin Mitroflow stented pericardial valve.- 20 years' durability of Carpentier-Edwards Perimount stented pericardial aortic valve.- Twenty-year experience with the St. Jude Medical Biocor bioprosthesis in the aortic position.- 20-Year durability of bioprostheses in the aortic position.- Clinical results including hemodynamic performance of the Medtronic Mosaic porcine bioprosthesis up to ten years.- Aortic root replacement with the BioValsalva prosthesis.- Valve replacement in renal dialysis patients: bioprostheses versus mechanical prostheses.- Replacement of bioprostheses after structural valve deterioration.- Predictors of patient's outcome.- Predicted outcomes after aortic valve replacement in octogenarians with aortic stenosis.- Predicted patient outcome after bioprosthetic AVR and the Ross operation.- Anticoagulation.- Anticoagulation and self-management of INR: mid-term results.- Tissue engineering.- Biomatrix-polymer hybrid material for heart valve tissue engineering.- Standards for the in vitro fabrication of heart valves using human umbilical cord cells.- Tissue engineering with a decellularized valve matrix.- Regularatory issues on tissue valves.- Human tissues for car

Although cardiac surgery has made an enormous progress during the last decades, the discipline has to cope with essential changes: Patients are increasingly cared for by cardiologists and therefore referred to the surgeon in a later stage of disease. Consequently, they are more often in an increasingly serious state or in advanced age with significant comorbidities. In order to meet the requirements of these different patient groups, cardiosurgical treatments require special protectional strategies for the heart in order to perform the planned operations safely. This book presents the latest knowledge of modern techniques of myocardial protection taking into consideration the different patient groups and current scientific strategies. Furthermore, it discusses present and future scientific approaches in myocardial protection and preservation.

This book is a valuable resource on the subject of off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery, which has recently been developed as a promising technique for reducing surgical damage to patients. Because of the increasing number of older patients who are candidates for a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation, less-invasive surgeries are becoming a priority all over the world. Despite some challenges, such as its technical difficulties, emerging questions, and controversies involved, OPCAB surgery in CABG is now the gold standard in Japan. This book, written by OPCAB experts, examines the procedure established and its chief benefits. Its coverage ranges from a careful evaluation of the evidence for and against OPCAB surgery to preoperative and intraoperative management of patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery. It also contains a description of advanced techniques for every aspect of the procedure. The authors[share essential insights into the latest trends in cardiovascular surgery for professionals and residents, presenting detailed descriptions of the exposure of the heart, stabilization of each coronary artery target, construction of distal anastomoses, and other important factors. The book offers an invaluable reference guide for cardiac surgeons, cardiologists, anesthesiologists, and other medical staff in operating rooms around the world.

Indications for central venous cannulation in critically ill patients have increased dramatically, but central venous access has the drawbacks of morbidity and a scarcity of experienced operators. Ultrasound-guided peripheral venous access offers a solution, in that it reduces morbidity and can be performed by a dedicated nursing team. The aim of this book is to teach the fundamentals of this emerging technique. Advice is provided on choice of materials; maneuvers for positioning of peripherally inserted central venous catheters (PICCs), techniques for evaluation of PICC tip placement; prevention, diagnosis, and management of complications; and organization of a dedicated team within a hospital or a supportive care program. Legal and economic issues are also considered. The book will be of interest to a wide range of professionals, including nutritionists, oncologists, anesthesiologists, surgeons, registered nurses, nurse practitioners, physicians, physician assistants, and radiologists.

Idiopatic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) represents one of the most important devastating diseases that affects the lungs. Traditionally, the development of acute or chronic respiratory failure in disiorepresents an important dilemma for pulmonologists, intensivists, internists and anesthesiologists, due to the limited respiratory and functional reserve of these patients. In the last decade, we have witnessed a novel development of non-invasive mechanical ventilation and high flow oxygenation systems, representing an attractive option for patients compared to those patients with well-known poor results of invasive mechanical ventilation. In this book, we analyze all the options of non-invasive mechanical ventilation, indications, ventilatory modes, protocols, technology, equipment and applications in acute and chronic phase of patients with IPF, in addition to an exhaustive approach of all complementary techniques that optimize the application of these procedures. There are no previous descriptions or updates that incorporate this comprehensive analysis. This book, thus, serves as an updated scientific and practical reference for the knowledge of all spectrum respiratory failure presentations in idiopatic pulmonary fibrosis.

Written by internationally acclaimed specialists, Cardio-Thoracic, Vascular, Renal and Transplant Surgery provides pertinent and concise procedure descriptions spanning benign and malignant problems and minimally invasive procedures. Complications are reviewed when appropriate for the organ system and problem, creating a book that is both comprehensive and accessible. Stages of operative approaches with relevant technical considerations are outlined in an easily understandable manner. Forming part of the series, Surgery: Complications, Risks and Consequences, this volume Cardio-Thoracic, Vascular, Renal and Transplant Surgery provides a valuable resource for all general surgeons and residents in training. Other healthcare providers will also find this a useful resource.

Redo cardiac surgeries are challenging cases with a myriad of influential factors, ranging from the patient's pathology to the whimsy of the previous surgeon. Redo Cardiac Surgery in Adults, 2nd Edition clearly outlines practical approaches, surgical techniques, and management of associated conditions such as perioperative stroke and acute kidney function. It covers the spectrum of redo cardiac operations, including coronary artery bypass, mitral valve repair, reoperation for prosthetic mitral valve endocarditis, aortic arch reoperation, descending and thoracoabdominal aortic reoperation, and reoperations following endovascular aortic repair. All redo cardiac surgeries present a complex array of challenges beyond what the original procedure demands. This book, written by an outstanding group of prominent physicians, will give the reader the knowledge and tools to approach these cases with confidence.

Designed to provide a highly visual reference for surgeons and other members of the patient management team, Atlas of Intestinal Stomas is based on the 1967 gold standard text, Turnbull and Weakly's Atlas of Intestinal Stomas. Additions include chapters on anatomy and physiology, biliary stomas, pediatric ostomies, the continent ileostomy, urostomy, laparoscopic stoma construction, stomas in trauma surgery, stomas for antegrade continence enema, percutaneous ostomies, and quality of life. There are also sections on ileostomy, colostomy, enterostomal therapy and on the management of complications of stomas such as management of the high output ostomy, enterocutaneous fistula, parastomal hernia, prolapse, and skin conditions. The Cleveland Clinic pioneered the entire practice of ostomies, beginning in 1858 and continuing to this day as the world's leading academic and clinical center. The editors and contributors are all current or former Cleveland Clinic physicians and instructors. The fundamental focus of the book is not only how to install ostomies, but how to avoid complications and how to treat complications when they arise. Atlas of Intestinal Stomas will be of great value to colorectal and general surgeons, both in practice and in training.

Vascular care has evolved from conservative therapy and open surgical therapy to a minimally invasive approach using endovascular techniques, laparoscopic or thoracoscopic techniques as well as hybrids of open and endovascular techniques. This volume provides up-to-the-minute information and details new developments and procedures.

The complexity of decision making in thoracic surgery is growing exponentially. As new technology is introduced, physicians from nonsurgical specialties offer alternative and competing therapies for what was once the exclusive province of the thoracic surgeon. In addition, there is increasing knowledge regarding the efficacy of traditional thoracic surgical therapies. How to select among these varied and complex approaches is becoming increasingly difficult. The first two editions of this book have found wide acceptance among practicing surgeons, trainees, and educators. Chapters from them are regularly cited by the Thoracic Surgery Directors Association as valuable resources for their weekly curriculum exercises. As in the first two editions, chapters adhere to a specific format (updated for the third edition). This approach provides uniformity to the presentations, making it possible to identify useful material at a glance.

This comprehensive resource brings together the most current theories, evidence and best practice parameters for the use of nocturnal non-invasive ventilation (nNIV). Chapters focus on the application of acute and chronic nNIV in patients with cardio-respiratory disorders over a range of major medical settings. Updates on past and recent research in this field are highlighted. Authored by leading clinicians and investigators, Nocturnal Non-Invasive Ventilation provides practical and cutting-edge knowledge to physicians, researchers and allied health professionals on the front lines of treating cardio-respiratory and sleep disorders.

Each chapter describes a very specific aspect of Achalasia by its known expert. Current diagnostic and management strategies of Achalasia, as well as the simplified operative approaches with relevant technical considerations, are outlined for the specific target audience.The treatment of Achalasia is complex and usually performed in specialized tertiary-care centres. The Editors' main goal is to render this disease more understandable and accessible to residents, fellows, and specialists in both the surgical disciplines (general surgery and thoracic surgery) and in gastroenterology.

Modern biological understanding is the basis for a multimodality treatment of a tumor. 'Anatomic Basis of Tumor Surgery' is the only book that provides an anatomic basis and description of tumor surgery based on an understanding of both the anatomy and biology of tumor progression. It presents the regional anatomy to allow tailoring of the operation as demanded.