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Books > Social sciences > Psychology > States of consciousness > Conscious & unconscious
We desire more consciousness and connection in our lives, and
especially from our leaders. We are yearning to feel inspired, but
are often surrounded by poor examples of leadership. We laugh when
watching The Office and yet we feel it is true. We see everything
from leaders leaving a legacy of long lasting emotional scars to
many leaders being average at best. A conscious leader first
decides to be one, then takes consistent steps to live it and
become an example for others to follow. Conscious Leadership in
Action provides a compelling guide to start and continue on this
path. It will offer you many easy to use tools and exercises to
help with your personal change to being a conscious leader in your
daily life and transforming organizations. By leading consciously
you can have the positive, memorable impact people want from their
leaders.
The transcendent function is the core of Carl Jung's theory of
psychological growth and the heart of what he called individuation,
the process by which one is guided in a teleological way toward the
person one is meant to be. This book thoroughly reviews the
transcendent function, analyzing both the 1958 version of the
seminal essay that bears its name and the original version written
in 1916. It also provides a word-by-word comparison of the two,
along with every reference Jung made to the transcendent function
in his written works, his letters, and his public seminars.
Polarised, dualistic thinking is a driving force behind
intolerance, prejudice, domestic strife, social turmoil, and world
conflict.JThis book suggests an alternative, genuine solution.
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he concept of emergence made a comeback on the philosophical scene
in the 1990s. This special issue of C&HK contributes to the
opening of these new avenues by gathering innovative approaches to
the problem of emergence from different theoretical perspectives.
In particular it emphasizes the contributions of sciences of
complexity and cybernetics to the treatment of emergence. After
all, emergence has been a concept largely used in general systems
theory and cybernetics.
The special issue is organized in the form of discussions
around four position papers by Argyris Arnellos et al., Mark
Bickhard, John Collier, and Fabiano de Souza Vieira and Charbel Nio
El-Hani followed by a commentary by another researcher in the
field, and a reply from the original authors.
Consciousness is a quality of the mind generally regarded to
comprise qualities such as subjectivity, self-awareness, sentience,
sapience, and the ability to perceive the relationship between
oneself and one's environment. It is a subject of much research in
philosophy of the mind, psychology, neurology, and cognitive
science. This book presents a compilation of new and significant
research on the many facets of consciousness. These include
psychoenergetic studies, neurobiological hypothesis, theories on
unconsciousness and psychoanalytic theories relating to sexual
experiences.
Larry M. Jorgensen provides a systematic reappraisal of Leibniz's
philosophy of mind, revealing the full metaphysical background that
allowed Leibniz to see farther than most of his contemporaries. In
recent philosophy much effort has been put into discovering a
naturalized theory of mind. Leibniz's efforts to reach a similar
goal three hundred years earlier offer a critical stance from which
we can assess our own theories. But while the goals might be
similar, the content of Leibniz's theory significantly diverges
from that of today's thought. Perhaps surprisingly, Leibniz's
theological commitments yielded a thoroughgoing naturalizing
methodology: the properties of an object are explicable in terms of
the object's nature. Larry M. Jorgensen shows how this methodology
led Leibniz to a fully natural theory of mind.
This book presents a strong case for substance dualism and offers a
comprehensive defense of the knowledge argument, showing that
materialism cannot accommodate or explain the 'hard problem' of
consciousness. Bringing together the discussion of reductionism and
semantic vagueness in an original and illuminating way, Howard
Robinson argues that non-fundamental levels of ontology are best
treated by a conceptualist account, rather than a realist one. In
addition to discussing the standard versions of physicalism, he
examines physicalist theories such as those of McDowell and Price,
and accounts of neutral monism and panpsychism from Strawson,
McGinn and Stoljar. He also explores previously unnoticed
historical parallels between Frege and Aristotle, and between Hume
and Plotinus. His book will be a valuable resource for scholars and
advanced students of philosophy of mind, in particular those
looking at consciousness, dualism, and the mind-body problem.
Much of what we say is never said aloud. It occurs only silently,
as inner speech. We chastise, congratulate, joke, and generate
endless commentary, all without making a sound. This distinctively
human ability to create public language in the privacy of our own
minds-to, in a sense, "hear" ourselves talking when no one else
can-is no less remarkable for its familiarity. And yet, until
recently, inner speech remained at the periphery of philosophical
and psychological theorizing. This volume, comprised of chapters
written by an interdisciplinary group of leading philosophers,
psychologists, and neuroscientists, displays the rapidly growing
interest among researchers in the puzzles surrounding the nature
and cognitive role of the inner voice. Questions explored include:
the aids and obstacles inner speech presents to self-knowledge; the
complex relation it bears to overt speech production and
perception; the means by which inner speech can be identified and
empirically assessed; its role in generating auditory verbal
hallucinations; and its relationship to conceptual thought itself.
Shedding new light on the theme of "crisis" in Husserl's
phenomenology, this book reflects on the experience of awakening to
one's own naivete. Beginning from everyday examples, Knies examines
how this awakening makes us culpable for not having noticed what
was noticeable. He goes on to apply this examination to fundamental
issues in phenomenology, arguing that the appropriation of naive
life has a different structure from the reflection on
pre-reflective life. Husserl's work on the "crisis" is presented as
an attempt to integrate this appropriation into a systematic
transcendental philosophy. Crisis and Husserlian Phenomenology
brings Husserl into dialogue with other key thinkers in Continental
philosophy such as Descartes, Kant, Heidegger, Merleau-Ponty and
Derrida. It is suitable for students and scholars alike, especially
those interested in subjectivity, responsibility and the philosophy
of history.
An original, wide-ranging contribution to the study of French
writing in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, this book
examines the ways in which the unconscious was understood in
literature in the years before Freud. Exploring the influence of
medical and psychological discourse over the existence and/or
potential nature of the unconscious, Michael R. Finn discusses the
resistance of feminists opposing medical diagnoses of the female
brain as the seat of the unconscious, the hypnotism craze of the
1880s and the fascination, in fiction, with dual personality and
posthypnotic crimes. The heart of the study explores how the
unconscious inserts itself into the writing practice of Flaubert,
Maupassant and Proust. Through the presentation of scientific
evidence and quarrels about the psyche, Michael R. Finn is able to
show the work of such writers in a completely new light.
Successful interpretation can feel seamless, an intuitive and
efficient translation of meaning from one signed or spoken language
to another. Yet the process of interpretation is actually quite
complex and relies upon myriad components ranging from preparation
to experience to honed judgment. Interpreting in the zone,
instinctively and confidently, is an energizing, encompassing
experience that results in great satisfaction and top performance
but what does it take to get there? Jack Hoza's newest research
examines the components that enable interpreters to perform
successfully, looking at literature in interpretation, cognitive
science, education, psychology, and neuroscience, as well as
reviewing the results of two qualitative studies he conducted. He
seeks to uncover what it means to interpret in the zone by
understanding exactly how the brain works in interpretation
scenarios. He explores a range of dichotomies that influence
interpretation outcomes, such as: Intuition vs. rational thought
Left brain vs. right brain Explicit vs. implicit learning Novice
vs. master Spoken vs. signed languages Emotion vs. reasoning
Cognitive processes such as perception, short-term memory, and
reflexivity are strong factors in driving successful interpretation
and are explored along with habits, behaviors, and learned
strategies that can help or hinder interpretation skills. Hoza also
considers the importance of professional development and
collaboration with other practitioners in order to continually hone
expertise. Interpreting in the Zone shows that cognitive research
can help us better understand the intricacies of the interpreting
process and has implications for how to approach the interpreting
task. This resource will be of value to both the
interpreter-in-training as well as the seasoned practitioner.
This book presents a strong case for substance dualism and offers a
comprehensive defense of the knowledge argument, showing that
materialism cannot accommodate or explain the 'hard problem' of
consciousness. Bringing together the discussion of reductionism and
semantic vagueness in an original and illuminating way, Howard
Robinson argues that non-fundamental levels of ontology are best
treated by a conceptualist account, rather than a realist one. In
addition to discussing the standard versions of physicalism, he
examines physicalist theories such as those of McDowell and Price,
and accounts of neutral monism and panpsychism from Strawson,
McGinn and Stoljar. He also explores previously unnoticed
historical parallels between Frege and Aristotle, and between Hume
and Plotinus. His book will be a valuable resource for scholars and
advanced students of philosophy of mind, in particular those
looking at consciousness, dualism, and the mind-body problem.
In Subconscious Journeys, Jack Mitchell explores the human mind and
its connection to life, death, disease, and the probability of
extended life. Most diseases, if not all, are formed and
intensified through repressed fears that form emotional barriers
within the subconscious mind. Lifestyles are then conscientiously
directed and enforced within the conscious mind through the growing
emotional needs of the personality. Subconscious Journeys is a
study of the human mind. The mind is divided into four parts: the
conscious, the subconscious, the conscience, and the personality.
The conscious mind allows people to knowingly initiate outer body
movements and make decisions. Unfortunately, age and strong
emotions, augmented by repetitious repressed fears and traumas,
alter what the conscious mind has control over in regards to
reasoning ability. As a result, the repressions are stored within
the subconscious and form emotional barriers that disrupt conscious
activity. Another part of the mind, the conscience, controls the
inner workings of various parts of the body such as the heart,
spleen, liver, and so on. It speaks to us in dreams and frequently
communicates to the conscious during traumatic situations. People
can communicate with it during therapeutic sessions by using the
primary hand and labeling the four fingers as "yes," "no," "maybe,"
and "I won't answer." When asked specific questions regarding their
repressed fears and emotions, the conscience will respond with the
involuntary movement of one of the four labeled fingers. The
personality is formed mostly by the time individuals are about nine
or ten years old. It is formed through fearful traumas, the
emulation of loved ones' behavior, and joyful experiences.
Ultimately, Subconscious Journeys addresses how the four parts of
the mind function and adapt as we deal with the inherent changes in
life.
A sweeping reconstruction of human consciousness and its breakdown,
from the Stone Age through modern technology Why has humankind
developed so differently from other animals? How and why did
language, culture, religion, and the arts come into being? In this
wide-ranging and ambitious essay, Christoph Turcke offers a new
answer to these timeworn questions by scrutinizing the phenomenon
of the dream, using it as a psychic fossil connecting us with our
Stone Age ancestors. Provocatively, he argues that both
civilization and mental processes are the results of a compulsion
to repeat early traumas, one to which hallucination, imagination,
mind, spirit, and God all developed in response. Until the
beginning of the modern era, repetition was synonymous with
de-escalation and calming down. Then, automatic machinery gave rise
to a new type of repetition, whose effects are permanent alarm and
distraction. The new global forces of distraction, Turcke argues,
are producing a specific kind of stress that breaks down the
barriers between dreams and waking consciousness. Turcke's essay
ends with a sobering indictment of this psychic deregulation and
the social and economic deregulations that have accompanied it.
The unconscious, cornerstone of psychoanalysis, was a key
twentieth-century concept and retains an enormous influence on
psychological and cultural theory. Yet there is a surprising lack
of investigation into its roots in the critical philosophy and
Romantic psychology of the early nineteenth century, long before
Freud. Why did the unconscious emerge as such a powerful idea? And
why at that point? This interdisciplinary study breaks new ground
in tracing the emergence of the unconscious through the work of
philosopher Friedrich Schelling, examining his association with
Romantic psychologists, anthropologists and theorists of nature. It
sets out the beginnings of a neglected tradition of the unconscious
psyche and proposes a compelling new argument: that the unconscious
develops from the modern need to theorise individual independence.
The book assesses the impact of this tradition on psychoanalysis
itself, re-reading Freud's The Interpretation of Dreams in the
light of broader post-Enlightenment attempts to theorise
individuality.
This book covers all aspects of the visual system from sensory
aspects to eye movements, attention, and visual memory. There are
many books that cover the psychology and physiology of a single
aspect of vision, such as color vision or eye movements. Other
larger texts may offer encyclopedic coverage of the psychology of
all aspects of vision. However, this is the only book on the market
covering the psychology, anatomy, and physiology of all aspects of
the visual system in 300 pages. Each chapter addresses a separate
aspect of vision, describing the basic phenomena, where in the
brain this aspect of vision occurs, the properties of the cells in
those areas, and the deficits that result from a lesion or stroke
in those areas. In addition to extensive illustrations, the book
contains the author's selection of the literature, from the classic
19th century papers to the present. This text is designed for
graduate students and advanced undergraduates in psychology,
optometry, physiology, anatomy, and medicine who want to get a
broad view rather than one confined to their particular discipline.
The Cambridge Handbook of Consciousness is the first of its kind in
the field, and its appearance marks a unique time in the history of
intellectual inquiry on the topic. After decades during which
consciousness was considered beyond the scope of legitimate
scientific investigation, consciousness re-emerged as a popular
focus of research towards the end of the last century, and it has
remained so for nearly 20 years. There are now so many different
lines of investigation on consciousness that the time has come when
the field may finally benefit from a book that pulls them together
and, by juxtaposing them, provides a comprehensive survey of this
exciting field. An authoritative desk reference, which will also be
suitable as an advanced textbook.
Our visual system can process information at both conscious and
unconscious levels. Understanding the factors that control whether
a stimulus reaches our awareness, and the fate of those stimuli
that remain at an unconscious level, are the major challenges of
brain science in the new millennium. Since its publication in 1984,
Visual Masking has established itself as a classic text in the
field of cognitive psychology. In the years since, there have been
considerable advances in the cognitive neurosciences, and a growth
of interest in the topic of consciousness, and the time is ripe for
a new edition of this text. Where most current approaches to the
study of visual consciousness adopt a 'steady-state' view, the
approach presented in this book explores its dynamic properties.
This new edition uses the technique of visual masking to explore
temporal aspects of conscious and unconscious processes down to a
resolution in the millisecond range. The 'time slices' through
conscious and unconscious vision revealed by the visual masking
technique can shed light on both normal and abnormal operations in
the brain. The main focus of this book is on the microgenesis of
visual form and pattern perception - microgenesis referring to the
processes occurring in the visual system from the time of stimulus
presentation on the retinae to the time, a few hundred milliseconds
later, of its registration at conscious or unconscious perceptual
and behavioural levels. The book takes a highly integrative
approach by presenting microgenesis within a broad context
encompassing visuo-temporal phenomena, attention, and
consciousness.
Ways of seeing is a book about human vision. It results from the collaboration between a world famous cognitive neuroscientist and an eminent philosopher. In the past forty years, cognitive neuroscience has made many startling discoveries about the human brain, and about the human visual system in particular. This book brings many recent empirical findings, from electrophysiological recordings in animals, the neuropsychological examination of human patients, psychophysics, and developmental cognitive psychology, to bear on questions traditionally addressed by philosophers. What is the meaning of the English verb 'to see'? How does visual perception yield knowledge of the world? How does visual perception relate to thought? What is the role of conscious visual experience in visually guided actions? How does seeing actions relate to seeing objects? In the process the book provides a new assessment of the 'two visual systems' hypothesis, according to which the human visual system comprises two anatomical pathways with separable visual functions. The first truly interdisciplinary book about human vision, it will be of interest to students and researchers in many areas of cognitive science and the philosophy of mind.
Consciousness is perhaps the most puzzling problem we humans face
in trying to understand ourselves. Here, eighteen essays offer new
angles on the subject. The contributors, who include many of the
leading figures in philosophy of mind, discuss such central topics
as intentionality, phenomenal content, and the relevance of quantum
mechanics to the study of consciousness.
An investigation into the brain's chemistry and the mechanisms of
chemically altered states of consciousness. In this book, J. Allan
Hobson offers a new understanding of altered states of
consciousness based on knowledge of how our brain chemistry is
balanced when we are awake and how that balance shifts when we fall
asleep and dream. He draws on recent research that enables us to
explain how psychedelic drugs work to disturb that balance and how
similar imbalances may cause depression and schizophrenia. He also
draws on work that expands our understanding of how certain drugs
can correct imbalances and restore the brain's natural equilibrium.
Hobson explains the chemical balance concept in terms of what we
know about the regulation of normal states of consciousness over
the course of the day by brain chemicals called neuromodulators. He
presents striking confirmation of the principle that every drug
that has transformative effects on consciousness interacts with the
brain's own consciousness-altering chemicals. In the section called
"The Medical Drugstore," Hobson describes drugs used to counteract
anxiety and insomnia, to raise and lower mood, and to eliminate or
diminish the hallucinations and delusions of schizophrenia. He
discusses the risks involved in their administration, including the
possibility of new disorders caused by indiscriminate long-term
use. In "The Recreational Drugstore," Hobson discusses psychedelic
drugs, narcotic analgesia, and natural drugs. He also considers the
distinctions between legitimate and illegitimate drug use. In the
concluding "Psychological Drugstore," he discusses the mind as an
agent, not just the mediator, of change, and corrects many
erroneous assumptions and practices that hinder the progress of
psychoanalysis.
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