This is the first book to cover minimal-invasive treatment of osteoporotic, tumorous and traumatic vertebral fractures in the English language. In addition to detailed descriptions of the techniques, including tips and tricks from experts, the book contains a chapter about the medical treatment of osteoporosis, which is indispensable in the interdisciplinary approach to osteoporosis. This acclaimed innovative concept unites several treatment aspects. More conservative treatment methods are also presented in this work.

All chapters reflect new developments and clinical findings in the field of orthopaedics, surgery, traumatology and neurosurgery.

The decisive factor in trauma is that many processes first occur at the cellular level before they can be determined in laboratory tests, and recognition of them has only recently found its way into intensive care practice. Yet knowledge of the pathophysiology of these processes is essential for an early diagnosis of multiple organ failure and the implementation of adequate therapy, which ultimately make the patient's survival possible. Professor Schlag, an internationally renowned scientist and clinician, has been concerned with the basic pathophysiological principles of shock for many years. In this book he has brought together for the first time an international team of authors primarily from the USA and Europe, who present their collective findings of trauma, shock, development of the organ in shock and early failure and of sepsis-like syndrome, and development of septic multiple organ failure. Patienten mit Multiorganversagen haben immer noch eine schlechte Prognose in der intensivmedizinischen Behandlung, insbesondere wenn sie noch zusatzlich in einen septischen Schock geraten. Hier hilft auch oft eine breite Abdeckung mit modernsten Antibiotika nicht weiter. Neue Ansatze fur eine Therapie dieser problempatienten haben sich in den letzten Jahren durch Erkenntnisse der pathophysiologischeen Vorgange die zum Schock fuhren ergeben. Herr Professor Schlag hat als anerkannte Kapazitat auf dem Gebiet der Traumatologie und Schockforschung fur dieses erste umfassende Werk zu den Grundlagen des Multiorganversagens eine beeindruckende Liste von mehr als 50 international renommierten Autoren zusammenbekommen. Das Buch ist nicht nur eine Aufarbeitung aller Grundlagen des Schocks und Multiorganversagens sondern zudem ein ausgezeichnetes Nachschlagewerk fur jeden intensivmedizinisch tatigen Klinikarzt, egal ob er aus der Anasthesie, der Inneren Medizin oder der Unfallchirurgie kommt."

External fixation is now being used widely to maintain fractures, osteo tomies, and arthrodeses in a desired position during consolidation. Whereas external fixation has been readily accepted in European countries, its use has weathered a rather stormy course in North America, especially in the treatment of fractures. Only recently has external fixation found its rightful place on this continent as well. Many different models are on the market today, and the practitioner is faced with a difficult decision in selecting a model. Should he buy a system where the fracture has to be reduced first, or should he work with a device permitting a reduction after insertion of the pins? To enable surgeons to study the different systems, to discuss their advantages and disadvantages, and to permit them to put their hands on these devices and inspect them personally, the Division of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Ottawa organized an applied basic science course in May 1981, External Fixation of Fractures. During this course, all major systems were pre sented to the participants. As happened during the course "Internal Fixation of Fractures" held two years ago, the rigidity of internal fixation was frequently and intensively debated. Whereas the rigidity of internal fixation cannot be altered during the course of healing, the rigidity of external fixation can be changed. In fact, with progression of union, rods of increasing elasticity can be used."

During the past 30 years, the Study Group for the Problems of Osteosyn thesis (AO) has made decisive contributions to the development of osteo synthesis as a surgical method. Through close cooperation among special ists in the fields of orthopedic and general surgery, basis research, metallurgy, and technical engineering, with consistently thorough follow up, it was possible to establish a solid scientific background for osteosyn thesis and to standardize this operative method, not only for the more ob vious applications in fracture treatment, but also in selective orthopedics where hardly any problems relating to bone, such as those with osteoto mies can be solved without surgical stabilization. Besides the objective aim, the AO was additionally stimulated by a spirit of open-minded friendship; each member of the group was recruited according to his pro fessional background and position, his skills, and his talent for improvisa tion. Against this backdrop without even mentioning the schooling program well known throughout the world I should like to add some personal and general comments. This book is written for clinicians, instructing them how to perform osteo synthesis with special reference to plating in all its varieties and in strict accordance with the biomechanical and biological aspects and facts. From this point of view, the chapter on preoperative planning merits par ticular emphasis. Not only is it conductive to optimal surgery, it will also contribute to self-education and may found a school."

From the 12th to the 15th September 1985 the International Symposium on Methods of Presurgical Evaluation of Epileptic Patients: Basics, Techniques, and Implications for Epileptology and Surgical Epilepsy Therapy was held in Zurich. This symposium was a consequence of the increasing recognition by Europeans, especially from Ger man-speaking countries, of a growing need for surgical therapy of epileptics. The main aim was to provide a venue for critical review and lively discussion of presurgical eval uation protocols, with special emphasis on the electrophysiological aspects, including in vasive techniques. To provide a necessary background, some basic aspects along with postsurgical results had to be dealt with by leading experts in the different fields of ex perimental and clinical epileptology and neurosurgery. It was intended to be an inter national but moderately scaled meeting. Finally, however, in addition to the European contingent, there were participants from Australia, Brazil, Canada, Israel, Japan, Korea, and the United States of America, including pioneers from the surgically active centers. This international discussion was surely facilitated by the close temporal relation ship to the International Congresses (XIIIth World Congress of Neurology and XVIth Epilepsy International Congress) which took place in Hamburg. And, probably most important, is the fact that the Zurich symposium was dedicated to Prof. Rudolf Hess and his lifelong devotion to epilepsy diagnosis and treatment in Switzerland, as out lined in the Honorary Address by his eminent colleague and personal friend, Prof. Henri Gastaut.

This book is a record of the papers read at the first meeting of the European Society of Knee Surgery and Arthroscopy (ESKA). This was held in the magnificent International Congress Centre (ICC) in West Berlin. Planning for the inaugural meeting of a proposed large society is inevitably fraught with problems and doubts. However, thanks to the tremendous assistance given by the ICC organization and to the participation of so many orthopaedic surgeons from Europe and all over the world the society had a very successful meeting, and it is fitting that the papers are collected together in this book as a permanent record. Various factors combined to delay the appearance of the book until now, shortly before the second ESKA meeting (1986) in Basle. We should like to take this opportunity of thanking Springer-Verlag for all the hard work involved in ensuring that the book was finished before this occasion and while the subject matter is still so topical.

The management of ankle injuries has long been a stumbling block for orthopae dists in training. As a first year resident, I was fortunate to encounter the series of articles by N. Lauge-Hansen and T. Baek Kristensen that classified ankle injuries according to their mechanism. I found this information quite helpful throughout my residency and early years of practice. Several years ago, an attempt was made to summarize this material for the benefit of the orthopaedic house staff of Thomas Jefferson University. It quickly become obvious that such a "manual" would require a great deal of professional illustration and editorial assistance in order to be effective. Almost simulta neously, a fortuitous encounter with Ms. Marie Low (at that time Medical Editor of Springer-Verlag New York Incorporated) provided both the stimulus and the means to present this information in the manner and detail which it deserved. Contributors were carefully selected for their knowledge and experience in particular areas and for their willingness to cooperate in providing a smooth flowing manuscript. This text contains little new material. Rather, it represents an attempt to bring together, under one cover, the wealth of extant information on this subject. Wherever a consensus could not be perceived, conflicting views have been sum marized as objectively as possible. Unfortunately, there are still many aspects of ankle injury for which we have more questions than answers."

Trauma to the abdomen, both accidental and willful, has become increasingly common in this era of increasing violence. Large numbers of patients all over the country are admitted to emergency rooms because of abdominal trauma of varying degrees of severity. All too often the correct diagnosis is suspected belatedly or not at all, so that proper treatment is not initiated in sufficient time to be lifesaving. Not infre quently, the injured patient is examined by an intern or an insufficiently experienced resident physician. Even in instances where more senior internists and surgeons are available, detailed knowledge about the necessary methodology to establish the correct diagnosis and institute the appropriate treatment is lacking. This monograph, representing the felicitous collaboration of a surgeon and a radiolo gist together with several other contributors, is timely and important. The authors (and their contributors) have approached their subject with a wealth of clinical experi ence obtained in several very active acute-care municipal hospitals in the largest city in this country. They have observed and treated a very large number of patients with a multitude of traumatic causes, including firearm injuries, stab wounds, vehicular accidents, falls, and assaults. The authors have divided this work into four main sections: General Perspectives on Abdominal Injury, Types of Abdominal Injuries, Specific Diagnostic Techniques, and Specific Organ or Supporting-Structure Injury."

Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, with its surgical profile, is a must for those specialising in this condition (hand surgeons, orthopaedic surgeons, plastic surgeons, physiatrists and hand physical therapists), for both experts and newcomers to this field. For the young surgeon just starting out, the book explains the technical modalities of surgical treatment for this condition and describes alternative non-surgical procedures. It also depicts the complications that can arise in treatment. For more experienced surgeons, this book is an instrument for deepening their knowledge of this condition and its management. It can be considered a moment for reflection on a condition that is erroneously considered simple to treat and easy to resolve. The surgical chapters compare various complications as well as various conservative and rehabilitative treatment options, thus underlining that this condition must not be underestimated. Incorrect treatment can have many negative ramifications: not only that the patient is dissatisfied but it can also lead to the hand s functional loss and render the patient an invalid. This book is also intended for all physicians and medical students interested in this subject, presenting the broad range of problems caused by this condition and how best to manage them."

This book offers a comprehensive review on the last development in the management and the treatment of acute and life-threatening conditions. Written by leading experts in the field, this book will help the clinician to understand the clinical problems and to select the methodological and technical options that will ensure prompt and effective response and correct interpretation of the clinical findings. This book is richly illustrated and will serve as unique source of information for radiologists and other specialists including neuroradiologists, surgeons, cardiologists, angiologists and gastroenteologists.

A comprehensive 2006 volume on the theories and applications of evidence-based anaesthesia and critical care. Coming from the internationally renowned Cochrane Collaboration - the global force in evidence-based medicine - this promises to be an authoritative guide for anaesthetists. The Cochrane Anaesthesia Review Group is one of the largest in the collaboration and, as coordinators of the group, the editors of this book have gathered a formidable set of contributions from around the world. The first half of the book provides an introduction to evidence-based medicine and applies the principles to anaesthesia and critical care, including critical appraisal, meta-analysis, interpreting results and controlling bias. The second half shows how to practise this in preoperative evaluation, regional and general anaesthesia, postoperative pain therapy, critical care and acute medicine. Medical professionals working in anaesthesia and surrounding specialties worldwide will find this book immensely useful.

Substantialfundamental workhas been undertaken inthe different aspects of impact biomechanics over the past three decades. Much of this has been motivated and undertaken bythe automotive industry intheirefforts to improve transport safety. More recently, however, it has become app- ent that themultidisciplinary synergies which are realisedby interactions between engineers, scientists and clinical practitioners will ultimately lead to a greater understanding of the complex interacting phenomena withinthe human bodyafter it has sustained an impact. In turn, this greater depth of knowledge will provide more fundamentalinsights into the analysis, d- gnosis, treatment and prevention ofimpact injuries across a broader sp- trum of accident environments. Thescienti?c focus of this IUTAM symposium istoaddress those t- ics that are centrally important to the biomechanics ofimpact. These can be groupedinto those that are concerned with the different causes of - cidents (e. g. , transport, occupational and sports injuries), themechanics - volvedinaccident analysis (e. g. , accident investigation, computational m- elling techniques), the different types of resulting traumatic injuries (incl- ing musculoskeletal, organ, spinal and head injuries), methods of asse- ing the extent of injury (e. g. , injury assessment, injury criteria, constitutive laws for human tissue), and providing protection during an impact (e. g. , injury prevention, energy absorption materials, and safety devices).

Critical Care Surgery provides an illustrative, instructive, and comprehensive review that depicts the rationale of basic operative principles essential to surgical therapy in the critically ill patient.The chapters provide pertinent and concise, summaries of how to deal with various types of critical illness, including acute renal failure, coma and altered mental status, multiple organ dysfunction and hepatic failure. Stages of operative approaches with relevant technical considerations are outlined in a straightforward manner, and complications are reviewed when appropriate for the organ system and problem. The text is illustrated throughout by line drawings and photographs that depict anatomic or technical principles.A concise, handbook-sized reference work, this book is a valuable resource for all general surgeons and residents in training.

In preparation for the quadrennial international IPRAS conference, leading plastic surgeons worldwide have been asked by the International Confederation for Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery to contribute their most up-to-date findings, research results, and experiences in their area of expertise. The book is structured according to the major fields of plastic surgery, and the reader is thus offered insight into the most significant contributions to the international community, as well as into new developments, tricks, and refinements in the field.

This book is about visions and pioneers in the field share their innovations with the reader.

Innovations in Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery will not only give plastic surgeons up-to-date knowledge of new developments, but will inspire with its innovations, many of which have not been published before."

Trauma Surgery provides an illustrative, instructive, and comprehensive review that depicts the rationale of basic operative principles essential to surgical therapy in the trauma patient. The chapters provide pertinent, and concise, summaries of how to deal with the trauma patient, from initial evaluation to a closer look at the various organ systems that may need oeprated on. Thermal injury is also addressed. Stages of operative approaches with relevant technical considerations are outlined in a straigtforward manner, and complications are reviewed when appropriate for the organ system and problem. The text is illustrated throughout by line drawings and photographs that depict anatomic or technical principles. A concise, handbook-sized reference work, this book is a valuable resource for all general surgeons and residents in training.

Demand for neuromonitoring in neonatal, pediatric and cardiac intensive care units continues to grow, motivated by increased awareness of the high prevalence of seizures among critically ill neonates and children, and emerging evidence that these seizures can contribute to brain injury. This book provides physicians, nurses and trainees caring for critically ill newborns and children with a practical overview of how to use and interpret continuous neuromonitoring to enhance patient care. Authored by international experts from diverse institutions and professional backgrounds, this is a practical guide that is accessible to intensive care specialists, but also comprehensive enough to serve as a reference book for neurologists and neurophysiologists. Concise enough to be read cover-to-cover and illustrated with over thirty case-based examples, this authoritative reference will guide readers in accurate neuromonitoring interpretation and optimal use of conventional EEG, amplitude-integrated EEG and other quantitative EEG techniques.

Core Cases in Critical Care describes the clinical management of some of the most common problems seen in the critically ill patient. Twenty detailed, illustrative case histories are presented and for each, descriptions of the problem, its underlying pathophysiology and the key principles of principles of patient management are given. Each 'case' is written by experts in the field, and all contributors are practising anaesthetists and critical care specialists of many years' experience. Core Case in Critical Care is essential reading for all trainees in critical care, and will also prove a valuable addition to the libraries of other groups such as critical care nurses, surgical trainees and practising critical care physicians and anaesthetists, both as a useful summary of key topics in critical care in an easily-digested format, and as a stimulus for discussion and analysis of current practice.

This new addition to the popular 100 cases series explores common clinical scenarios that will be encountered by the medical student and junior doctor during practical training in the emergency department, in the community and in intensive and critical care settings, and which are likely to feature in qualifying examinations. The book covers a broad range of presentations, organized by sub-specialty area for ease of reference. Comprehensive answers highlight key take home points from each case and provide practical advice on how to deal with the challenges that occur when practising emergency and critical care medicine at all levels.

Der Zyklus der Tropenchirurgischen Symposien wurde am 21. Marz 1992 in Ulm eroffnet. Dieser Impuls setzt sich erfreulicherweise mit zunehmender Dynamik in jahrlichen Folgeveranstaltungen fort. Das lO-jahrige Jubilaum im Jahr 2000 wird im tropen chirurgischen Epizentrum Homburg/Saar stattfinden und damit einen neuen Hohepunkt markieren. Beschrankten sich die ersten Symposien in Ulm (1992 und 1993) und in Wurzburg (1994) noch auf jeweils zwei tropenchirurgische Schwerpunkte, so offnete sich 1995 in Bonn erstmals das thematische Spektrum. Dieser Gewinn an inhaltlicher Breite wurde begleitet durch eine offizielle Internationalisierung der Veranstaltung. Das IV. Tropenchirurgische Symposium war damit gleichzeitig zum ersten "International Meeting" der "German Society for Tropical Surgery" geworden. Das V. Tropenchirurgische Symposium 1996, erneut in Ulm, konzentrierte sich wie- derum auf zwei wichtige Themenkomplexe: Septische Chirurgie und Abdominalchirur- gie. Wahrend das Treffen 1997 in Wolfratshausen dem Bonner Vorbild folgte (,,2nd International Meeting"), war die Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Tropenchirurgie (DTC) 1998 erstmals bei einer der grossen chirurgischen Fachgesellschaften, der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Unfallchirurgie (DGU), in Berlin zu Gast. Die thematischen Schwer- punkte waren dementsprechend unfallchirurgisch ausgerichtet: "Minenverletzungen" und "Angepasste Frakturbehandlung". Wir freuen uns uber die mittlerweile gewon- nene Eigendynamik der tropenchirurgischen Symposien, die sich in den kommenden Veranstaltungen 1999 in Jena und im Jahr 2000 in Homburg widerspiegeln wird. Der vorliegende Band der" Tropenchirurgie III" vereint die wichtigsten Vortrage der Symposien 1994 in Wurzburg und 1996 in Ulm, erganzt durch herausragende Bei- trage der Symposien 1995 und 1997 sowie durch weitere geladene Manuskripte.

Im Chirurgischen Forum werden ausgewahlte Beitrage vorab veroffentlicht, die auf dem Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie vorgetragen werden. Der Forumsausschuss achtet dabei auf hochste Qualitat der Beitrage. Der Leser findet hier die neuesten Ergebnisse aus Forschung und Klinik ubersichtlich in einem Band."

Im Chirurgischen Forum werden ausgewahlte Beitrage vorab veroffentlicht, die auf dem Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Chirurgie vorgetragen werden. Der Forumsausschuss achtet dabei auf hochste Qualitat der Beitrage. Der Leser findet hier die neuesten Ergebnisse aus Forschung und Klinik ubersichtlich in einem Band."

Professor Gerhard Kuntscher trat 1940 vor die Deutsche Gesellschaft fUr Chir- urgie und stellte erstmals seine Ergebnisse der Marknagelung zur Behandlung von Frakturen der breiten Offentlichkeit vor. Die uberwiegende Ablehnung der Marknagelung vor dem wissenschaftlichen Forum wurde durch ihren Erfolg in den Kriegsjahren wett gemacht, und die eloquente Kritik der epochalen Opera- tionstechnik wurde in eine unerwartete weltweite Anerkennung der Methode verwandelt. In den Nachkriegsjahren wurde die Osteosynthesetechnik von Frakturen durch das Dogma der rigiden stabilen Osteosynthese gepragt. Die Kuntscher- Technik wurde erneut in den Hintergrund gedrangt. Das alte Argument gegen die Marknagelung, die Zerstorung der intramedullaren Blutversorgung, wurde von Kuntschers Gegnern ebenso heftig diskutiert wie die Gefahr der Rontgen- strahlen wahrend der Durchleuchtung. Das Pendel der Osteosynthesetechnik kehrte jedoch zur biologischen Operation von Kuntscher zuruck. Die klini- schen Ergebnisse zeigten hohe Versagensraten fUr die rigiden Osteosynthesen und Knochenuntergang unter der Platte, dagegen eine biologische Kallushei- lung mit dem Nagel. Unter diesem Eindruck wurde die Marknagelung tech- nisch perfektioniert. Neue Techniken - von Kasmann, sowie von Klemm und Schellman, als auch von Grosse und Kempf entwickelt - eroffneten Behand- lungsindikationen, die dem klassischen Kuntscher-Nagel nicht zuganglich wa- ren und fuhrten zu einer Renaissance der intramedullaren Nagelung und zur Wiederbelebung des Gedankens der naturlichen dynamischen Knochenbruch- heilung. Die Internationale Arbeitsgemeinschaft fUr Dynamische Osteosynthese (ALO. D. ) hat eher als andere die Kernideen von Kuntscher erkannt, weiter aus- gebaut und Osteosyntheseverfahren im Sinne von Kuntscher fur aHe langen Rohrenknochen entwickelt.

Tropenchirurgic ist nich! "unsere Chirurgic" in den Tropen. Tropenchirurgie ist die Chirurgic, die 51ch an den jeweiligen lokalen und regionalen Besonderheitcn in den Uindern deT Driuco Welt oricotiert - scien diese nun materiel!cr, personelJer odeT mcdizinischer Natur. Urn diesen Besondcrhcitcn Rechnung zu tragen, wurde am 21 . und 22. Marz 1992 das 1. Tropenchirurgische Symposium in Vim veranstaltet. Erfreulicherweise konnten h!er- fUr Referenten gewonnen werden, die sich dUTch tropenmedizinischc und tropenchirurgi- sche Erfahrung VOT Ort auszeichnen. 1m einleitenden Abschnitt wird zunachst deT medizinische und soziookonomische Stel- lenwert deT operativen Mcdizin in den Tropen diskuticrt. Ocr Obcrsichtsartikel von S.F. Ellis aus Ghana wurde dabei bewuCt in seiner ursprunglichen Form belassen. Die weitercn 'interessanten und praxisnahen Bcitrage bieten cine aktuelle und ab- gerundele Ubersicht uber zwei wichlige Themenkomplexe, mit denen sich aile operativ Hiligen Kollegen in den Tropen konfrontierl sehen: "Chirurgie und AIDS" und "Fraktur- behandlung" . Die Kenntnis der biologischen und epidemiologischen Grundlagen der HI V-Infektion ist Voraussetzung fur eine adiiquale tropenchirurgische Arbeit. Wertvolle praktische Hinweise zu HygienemaCnahmen im operativen Bereich und zur Transfusionsmedizin !iefern B. Kohler und H. Jager nach ihren jeweiligen Erfahrungen in Tanzania bzw. Zaire. Weitere praxisorientierte Informationen konnen daruber hinaus von der WHO ange- fordert werden (WHO's Global Program me on AIDS and Global Blood Safety Initiative; CH-1211 Geneva 27 - Schweiz). Verhaltensregcln nach Kontakt mit infektiosem Material werden anschlieBend von L. Gurtler angegeben. Diese Vorschliige sind unverbindlich und mussen dem aktuellen Wissensstand und den jeweiligen lokalen Moglichkeiten angepaBt werden.

Das Buch enthAlt BeitrAge namhafter Experten zu aktuellen Themenkreisen der arthroskopischen Chirurgie. Schwerpunkte sind Indikationsstellung und erhaltende Therapie am Meniskus, Methodenwahl und technisches Vorgehen am vorderen Kreuzband sowie diagnostische und operativ-arthroskopische MAglichkeiten am Schultergelenk. Die Darstellung besonderer arthroskopischer Techniken und eine kritische Zusammenfassung zu Standort und zukA1/4nftigen MAglichkeiten der Gelenkspiegelung runden das Buch ab.

It has become increasingly difficult for the single clinician to cover the whole area of traumatology and particularly neurotraumatology. This is now a science with various specialized fields of research. The results are published in different and special journals, proceedings and books often not easily available to those responsible for the daily practical management of the patients with head injuries. Epidemiological investigations are necessary to evaluate the severity and frequency of accidents and injuries. Such studies will stress the importance of analysis of the causes and also the importance of prevention. They are useful for evaluation of the effects of injuries despite management. Moreover, the researchers of the different aspects may need some knowledge of other links in the chain of events at and after an impact. This is particularly evident with respect to the problems of accident and injury, their prevention, reduction, management and the presentation of the most important clinical features in each case for international comparisons. Therefore it is appropriate to let the different specialists briefly discuss and present their aspects of the subject. Moreover, it may facilitate and stimulate the clinicians in studying special fields of interest. This was the intention behind the "Scandinavian Symposium on Neurotraumatology" held in May 1985 in Gothenburg: - To accumulate wider knowledge for the neurosurgeon and better understanding between the researchers in various fields to the benefit of the coming and present patients. Sten Lindgren Contents Lindgren, S.: Introduction.