This book clarifies and explains perineal anatomy and the pathophysiology of anal incontinence as well as applied pharmacology. It also institutes the new recommended classification of perineal tears, and describes anal sphincter repair techniques. The emphasis is on correct post-operative management, management of pregnancy following previous anal sphincter injury, and prevention of anal sphincter tears. The book will interest students, colorectal surgeons, physiotherapists, midwives, continence advisors, labour wards and lawyers.

This book examines in detail the topic of sepsis, with a focus on intra-abdominal sepsis. Particular attention is devoted to source control in the management of the infection, antimicrobial therapy and sepsis support, which represent the cornerstones of treating patients with this problem. The importance of a multidisciplinary approach is highlighted not only by the instructive and informative sections on the acute manifestations of appendicitis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis, perforations and diverticulitis, Clostridium difficile infection and the role of candida in abdominal sepsis, but also by an extensive discussion of issues including antimicrobial resistance, damage control surgery, principles of antimicrobial therapy, hemodynamic support, adjunctive therapies, and thromboprophylaxis. Abdominal sepsis is the host's systemic inflammatory response to intra-abdominal infections. It is associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates, and represents the second most common cause of sepsis-related mortality at intensive care units. Gathering contributions by authoritative experts from all around the world, this book will allow acute care surgeons, abdominal surgeons, intensive care clinicians, and students to broaden their understanding of intra-abdominal sepsis in daily clinical practice.

The care that a patient receives in the first hours after surgery is crucial to minimizing the risk of complications. The recovery room staff must manage both comatose and physiologically unstable patients, and deal with the immediate post-operative care of surgical patients. The Complete Recovery Room Book, Sixth edition, provides nurses, surgeons, and anaesthetists with up-to-date guidance and practical tips on the post-operative management of patients. Over 30 chapters, this resource covers key aspects of recovery room management from setting-up, monitoring and equipment, and managing symptoms as well as clear and concise explanations of physiology and pharmacology. Specific chapters address the unique post-operative needs of individual types of surgery and patient groups. Practical tips and short aphorisms are offered throughout the text to help retain practical information.

This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the contemporary management of all aspects of traumatic brain injury (TBI), combining the findings of several recent randomised controlled trials investigating the role of hypothermia, erythropoietin, intracranial pressure monitoring and decompressive craniectomy in the management of TBI. The book is divided into four sections: the first section covers the epidemiology of TBI, the changing global patterns of presentation, and the basic pathophysiology and classification, while the second discusses contemporary management of TBI, from pre-hospital care, emergency assessment, and medical and surgical management to rehabilitation and social reintegration. The third section then examines the evidence gained from recent clinical trials that have investigated the efficacy of management strategies involving intracranial pressure monitoring, multimodal monitoring, hypothermia, erythropoietin, thromboembolic prophylaxis and decompressive craniectomy. Lastly, the fourth section explores the ethical issues, both at the societal level and on an individual basis. Written by a broad range of experts, this book provides a valuable reference resource for neurosurgeons, intensivists, clinicians with ethical experience and pure bioethicists in their daily work.

The number of natural and man-made disasters has risen dramatically over the last decade. Natural disasters, industrial accidents and terrorist attacks represent major incidents, often involving multiple casualties. In such cases, health professionals face multiple challenges because the type of medical care required differs from what is taught and provided in their everyday hospital duties. The aim of this book is to inform and prepare healthcare professionals for the challenges posed by major incidents, so that they can act effectively in medical teams sent on humanitarian missions or into conflict zones. It offers a holistic and horizontal approach covering all stages of the disaster management cycle.The book is divided into 5 sections: section 1: prehospital emergency services; section ii: hospital response; section iii: management of incidents; section iv: after the disaster; and section v: evaluation, ethical issues, education and research. Healthcare providers will find essential information on the special medical considerations in both prehospital and hospital disaster settings, medical management of disaster response, recovery, mitigation and preparedness. The book offers an interdisciplinary and interprofessional approach, and was written by prominent researchers and experienced practitioners.

This book provides a thorough description of hexapod external fixators, from the theoretical basis to their practical application. Indications and practical use in current Orthopaedic practice are addressed in detail, offering the reader essential insights into the strengths and limitations of these devices. The main aspects covered, include primary (congenital) and secondary (acquired) deformities of the limbs: the etiology, pathomechanics, clinics, technical "tips and tricks" and suggested frame assemblies are presented. Each chapter addresses a specific Orthopaedic problem and includes representative clinical cases commented on by the authors. Illustrations and X-ray images support the discussion of the various themes treated in the textbook. Special attention is also given to deformity morphology and the consequent geometry of correction, as well as economical aspects and the biological risks of radiation exposure. A review of current nomenclature in external fixation is also provided as a quick-reference resource. Offering clear and straightforward descriptions of these devices and their current use in practice, prepared by leading international experts, this book will benefit expert surgeons and residents alike.

The Ilizarov device has revolutionized the treatment of non-healing fractures and the correction of deformities. This book supplies all the information required in order to use the Ilizarov and other external fixation devices optimally; it will serve as an indispensable manual for both trainee and experienced orthopedic surgeons. Biomechanical principles, preoperative preparation, and the use of a system of coordinates to allow safer insertion of K-wires and half pins are thoroughly discussed. External fixation of a variety of fractures in different pathologic settings is then clearly explained in a series of detailed chapters with the aid of high-quality illustrations. Numerous case reports are included to illustrate the results of different treatment methods. In addition, postoperative management and treatment of complications are described. Since the first edition the text has been thoroughly updated, with inclusion of contributions from leading world experts.

This volume is a "how-to guide" to treating thoracic trauma and emergencies for acute care surgeons. It highlights the diagnosis and management of thoracic disease and injuries, and each chapter includes algorithms that lead readers through the process of identifying and treating many common and some uncommon thoracic pathologies. The international team of authors provides readers with a unique and diverse approach to the operative and non-operative challenges encountered by ACS surgeons. The large number of figures offers readers insights into what they can expect to see when caring for these patients. The editors understand that the management of adults and children differ and have included a specific chapter on pediatrics. Given the broad audience and diverse settings in which the text can be used, the authors also provide details of care in limited-resource environments. The volume is a valuable tool for professionals interested in thoracic surgery and acute care surgery.

Biomechanics is often overlooked when dealing with orthopedic injuries, whether regarding prevention or treatment, and practicing surgeons and surgeons-in-training may feel overwhelmed when referring to a book with a more complicated basic science approach. In order to make the subject clinically relevant to orthopedic trauma surgery, this unique text presents numerous clinical case examples to demonstrate clearly and effectively the principles biomechanics of injury, fixation and fracture healing. Divided into five sections, the opening chapters cover the essentials of stress and strain relevant to bone and joints and how this relates to fractures and their healing, complete with illustrative case material. This case-based approach is carried throughout the book, with part two discussing biomechanical principles of external fixation for diaphyseal and periarticular fractures, limb lengthening and deformity correction. Tension band wiring for both olecranon and patella fractures are covered in part three, and both locking and nonlocking plates are illustrated in part four. The final section describes biomechanical principles of intramedullary nails for a variety of fractures and nonunions, as well as arthrodesis and lengthening. Generous radiological images and intraoperative photos provide a helpful visual enhancement for the clinical material. Making the sometimes esoteric topic of biomechanics more clinically relevant to the practicing clinician, Essential Biomechanics for Orthopedic Trauma will be an excellent resource not only for orthopedic surgeons, sports medicine specialists and trauma surgeons, but also medical and biomedical engineering students and residents.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of the medical and operational management of blast and explosive incidents affecting civilian populations. It incorporates global lessons learned from first responders, emergency medicine providers, surgeons, intensivists, and military specialists with deep experience in handling blast injuries from point of injury through rehabilitation. The book begins with background and introductory information on blast physics, explosion types, frequency, and perspectives from the military. This is followed by a section on prehospital management focusing on medical and trauma responses, triage, psychological consequences, and operational considerations. It then examines the roles of the emergency department and ICU with chapters on planning and training, surge capacity, resilience, management of common injury types, contamination, and ventilator strategies. The next section covers surgical treatment of a variety of blast injuries such as thoracoabdominal, extremity and vascular, and orthopedic injuries. The book then discusses medical treatment of various injury patterns including lung, abdominal, extremity, and traumatic brain injury. The final section of the book covers post-hospital considerations such as rehabilitation, mental health, and community resilience. Throughout, case studies of recent incidents provide real-life examples of operational and medical management. Operational and Medical Management of Explosive and Blast Incidents is an essential resource for physicians and related professionals, residents, nurses, and medical students in emergency medicine, traumatic surgery, intensive care medicine, and public health as well as civilian and military EMS providers.

This text provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this field, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers with an interest in surgical critical care. The book reviews up to date data regarding the management of common problems that arise in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit. The protocols, care bundles, guidelines and checklists that have been shown to improve process measures, and in certain circumstances, are discussed in detail. The text also discusses several well designed randomized prospective trials conducted recently that have altered the way we care for surgical patients with traumatic brain injury, hemorrhagic shock, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and sepsis. This book provides the practicing physician with a clinically oriented practical approach to handle basic and complex issues in the Surgical Intensive Care Unit. This text will serve as a very useful resource for physicians dealing with critically ill surgical patients. It provides a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts. All chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific and clinical information. This text will become an invaluable resource for all graduating fellows and practicing physicians who are taking the surgical critical care board examinations.

Prepare with confidence for the FFICM and EDIC with this dedicated guide featuring 300 original multiple choice (MCQ) and single best answer questions (SBAs) covering the whole FICM curricula. Organized into ten practice papers so readers can practice the style and format of the real exam, questions cover a broad range of intensive care topics for postgraduate exams. Each answer includes a full explanation, up-to-date evidence-based guidelines and sources for further reading to ensure high-quality self-assessment. Written by a team of consultants, these original and high-quality questions have been developed over years of clinical experience. This invaluable resource provides intensive care medicine trainees with an ideal companion for the FFICM and EDIC and other postgraduate critical care exams.

This text provides a high level, comprehensive but concise review of adult surgical critical care. It can be used to review complex topics of critical illness in surgical patients, as a reference tool, or as preparation for a board examination. It is focused on the surgical patient including high yield facts, evidence-based guidelines, and critical care principles. To remain succinct, it concentrates on surgically relevant care. Further, the text is written with an expectation that reader already possesses a basic understanding of critical care pathophysiology and clinical practices such as those acquired during residency. Organized by organ system, each section contains several chapters addressing relevant disorders, monitoring and treatment modalities, and outcomes. Principles of Adult Surgical Critical Care will be of use to intensivists caring for surgical patients regardless of parent training domain. Additionally, this work is intended to be used by surgical critical care fellowship trainees as well as other advanced practice providers such as nurse practitioners and physician assistants who provide care in ICUs and emergency departments alike.

Don t miss it The second, completely revised and expanded edition of the successful surgical manual on minimally invasive spine surgery includes 51 chapters (including more than 20 new chapters) covering all current minimally invasive techniques in spine surgery. A complete survey of all microsurgical and endoscopic techniques with a special focus on semi-invasive injection techniques for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in low back pain is given. The clear chapter structure with terminology, history, surgical principles, advantages/disadvantages, indications, access principles, complications, and results facilitates navigation through the manual. Topics include the principles of microsurgical and endoscopic treatment, spinal navigation and computer-assisted surgery, minimally invasive reconstruction, fusion, dynamic stabilization in fractures, degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, low back pain and deformities. The didactic presentation of surgical steps makes the reader familiar with all types of new minimally invasive techniques in clinical use or still in ongoing clinical trials such as minimally invasive spine arthroplasty."

A definitive summary of novel techniques, this volume details the most current and multidisciplinary approach to new technologies used in general plastic surgery, hand surgery, peripheral nerve surgery, microsurgery, breast surgery, esthetic surgery, and trauma surgery. It also gives an overview of the most important and clinically relevant plastic surgery research. The aim is to stimulate the reader to look at future advances and applications of research and their relevance to daily clinical practice in plastic surgery. Appropriate for different sub-specialties not only in plastic surgery (breast, face, esthetic, hand, microsurgery chapters) but also in orthopedics (hand, microsurgery, nerve chapters) and neurosurgery (peripheral nerve chapter), this book will also be of great interest to trainee surgeons.

Peripheral Nerve Injuries: A Clinical Guide is a fully illustrated and informative reference on injuries within the peripheral nervous system. It incorporates new knowledge in molecular and cellular events which underlie the response of nerves to injury, regeneration and neuropathic pain. Written by a leading expert in the field, Peripheral Nerve Injuries: A Clinical Guide, is a valuable resource for surgeons in residence and training.

It has by now been established that carpal ligamentary lesions may lead to instability and ultimately to carpal arthritis. However, the variety of anatomopathological classifications and the multiplicity of surgical repair techniques reflect the difficulty of grasping this ligamentary pathology. Clinical analysis and traditional investigation techniques must successfully address the complexity of the wrist, which is largely due to the number of synchronized bones involved in every movement of the hand. The clinical analysis of the wrist is insufficient to precisely measure the mobility of each carpal bone, making paraclinical examinations also significant for clinical diagnosis. The tools available today range from X-rays to arthroscopy, including arthroCTscans and soon MRI. As for repair techniques, their diversity must not hide the fact that a biomechanical and physiological principle is involved and must be identified. This book presents the findings of an expert group in the field of wrist pathology. It seeks to analyze, understand, explain and make comprehensible, if not obvious, the reflections that each practitioner should employ during the diagnosis and treatment of carpal ligamentary lesions. The focus is consciously not on degenerative carpal pathology, which usually enjoys more visibility. We hope that readers will benefit from the fact that fragmented pieces of knowledge are gathered in a single work, that they will find in this initial synthesis an inspiration to rethink a difficult and sometimes thankless surgery and to further the surgical advances of the 21st century.

Over the past three decades, the flexible intramedullary nailing (FIN) technique that originated in the University of Nancy in France has evolved to the point where it is becoming the gold standard for the treatment of many fractures in children. This comprehensive textbook on FIN is written by Pierre Lascombes and his colleagues from the University of Nancy and covers all its potential applications. The book is divided into three parts. The first part focuses on general considerations such as biomechanics, choice of implant, basic principles of surgical technique, and rehabilitation. The second part describes in detail the techniques developed for each particular fracture type with the aid of numerous high-quality illustrations. In the final part, a range of further indications for FIN in children are discussed. By clearly explaining the basic principles and various uses of FIN, this book will prove of value to both novice and experienced traumatologists and orthopedic surgeons.

Femoral neck fractures occur primarily in the elderly population, and nowadays arthroplasty is chosen most frequently as a treatment solution. This illustrated atlas provides a comprehensive monograph of femoral neck fractures. It has more than 800 representative figures, x-rays and drawings, and describes in detail non-invasive internal fixation. By means of presenting minimally invasive technique step-by-step, and their own results, the aim is to persuade the reader that the ratio of complications can be remarkably diminished by urgent surgery, based on selective indication criteria.

This book on post-injury multiple organ failure (MOF) offers a comprehensive overview and clinically focused practical guide to treating the condition. MOF is arguably the most difficult complication to manage in polytrauma patients and is responsible for the majority of trauma deaths among patients who survived the first 24 hours after injury. Beyond mortality, it has a major impact on healthcare resource utilization and a persistent negative effect on patients' long-term reported outcomes. This book is edited by surgeons who are passionate about the topic, and about optimizing the outcomes for polytrauma patients. Grasping the fascinating pathophysiology of MOF is essential for providing patients with quality early care. Each chapter highlights key learning objectives, historical perspectives, diagnostic and therapeutic pearls, and includes a must-know summary, additional reading suggestions and future research directions. Flowcharts, decision-making guides, summary tables, graphics and clinical photographs help to maximize the learning experience and to ensure readers retain what they've learned. The book fills a unique niche area for many specialties dedicated to critical care of polytrauma patients and to their management before and beyond intensive care.

This illustrated textbook is an essential and invaluable guide to young clinicians and researchers of Trauma and Orthopaedics, reporting all classification systems which are currently utilised in the clinical setting. It includes classifications relevant to both Elective Orthopaedic Practice and Orthopaedic Trauma. Clear graphic illustrations accompany the description of all different classification schemes in a comprehensive manner, together with a structured presentation of existing clinical evidence. In this manner each chapter of the different anatomical sites and pathologies assists the decision making of the readers regarding treatment strategy as well as informed consent of their patients. It is envisaged that this textbook will be a point of reference not only to the surgeons in training (residents) but also to senior surgeons and academic clinicians.

This book by Madbak and Dangleben has collated lot of information that has been presented and published in many disparate arenas into a single easy to read source. In an area where there is more experience and "favorite techniques" than true evidence based answers, they provide a wealth of information along with outstanding photographic support that makes this an excellent resource for all surgeons caring for this population. Similar to many things in life, when treating patients with the open abdomen one size or methodology does not fit all and this book will assuredly contain at least one possible answer to your patient's problem. Although the numbers of "open abdomens" are decreasing due to changes in resuscitation and transfusion practices, it still represents a complex complication that can be challenging to deal with. This ambitious textbook on the management of the open abdomen provides a practical approach for addressing this complex problem. One of the more unique aspects of this textbook is its detailed "How to" approach for the wide variety of techniques utilized in the management of the open abdomen. While there may be no consensus as to what constitutes the optimal management of the open abdomen, this book articulates a number of options and their advantages. Most importantly, it provides high quality photographs that enhance the step by step "How to" approach of the text. More recent developments including using biologic mesh, implementing complex abdominal wall reconstruction and utilizing minimally invasive endoscopic techniques are described. This book is not only appropriate for all practicing surgeons that deal with this complex issue, but is also relevant for residents and fellows who are just getting their first exposure to open abdomens.

The definitive interdisciplinary reference work for wound ballistics Fundamentals in Physics, arms and ammunition, ballistics Simulating gunshot wounds: Virtopsy - a virtual autopsy method, combining CT, MRT and surface scanning and Materials that reproduce the interaction of soft tissue, bone and blood vessels with a bullet that penetrates the body. Wound ballistics for Short-range and long-range weapons, fragments, such as those from bombs and hand grenades, gas jets from blanks, gas weapons, etc., "Non-lethal" weapons as used by the police, in military operations or in urban settings Specialist knowledge and reference detailed tables: ballistic tables for typical ammunition, ballistic values for numerous types of ammunition, including older types, materials properties, plus additional, hard-to-find data. Most tables are in both metric and U.S. units., an extensive trilingual glossary of specialized terminology in German, English and French NEW: the latest diagnostic / simulation methods and the latest types of ammunition The practice and application of wound ballistics in: forensic medicine, surgery - especially emergency and war surgery and international conventions Globalized conflict zones, terrorism and crime - these issues affect a wider circle than just the armed forces and medical services abroad. Police officers, surgeons, forensics specialists and criminalists also need to be familiar with ballistics and gunshot wounds and must be able to assess the complex factors involved. The practice and application of wound ballistics in forensic medicine. surgery - especially emergency and war surgery and International conventions. Globalized conflict zones, terrorism and crime - these issues affect a wider circle than just the armed forces and medical services abroad. Police officers, surgeons, forensics specialists and criminalists also need to be familiar with ballistics and gunshot wounds and must be able to assess the complex factors involved.

This volume is a complete manual of operative techniques for battling a severe liver injury. It provides an easy pre-operative and intra-operative reference with clear illustrations, line drawings as well as actual intra-operative color pictures, supplemented by online video segments. The early sections of the book deal with the fundamentals of surgical anatomy and critical maneuvers in the resuscitation of the patient in extremis. The various technical maneuvers for manual control of hemorrhage, debridement-resection as well as formal lobectomy of the liver, the identification of biliary tract injuries and other miscellaneous techniques, such as balloon tamponade of missile tracts, are discussed in complete detail. The book also sketches the role of liver transplantation surgeons in the acute trauma setting. The final chapters focus on the urgent problem of teaching operative techniques to young trauma surgeons in an era of dwindling surgical experience. Written by authors who are world- renowned experts in trauma management, often termed "master-surgeons," Operative Techniques for Severe Liver Injury is required preparation for all surgeons who are likely to face a massive crush injury of the liver.

Whether switching on the TV, picking up a newspaper or simply logging on to the internet, one is constantly faced with images of natural disasters, conflict and human suffering. Humanity has experienced these problems throughout time and we have evolved methods and mechanisms for alleviating suffering, from trauma care following a traffic accident to international pacts and the Millennium Development Goals. In exploring such diverse cases of aid intervention, Disaster Medicine: A Case Based Approach provides interesting, easily accessible content and context for understanding disaster medicine and global health. In each case the reader will be put in the position of the decision maker and as in real life some of the cases will portray success and some will show failure. It is hoped the reader will consider the issues and problems for themselves and perhaps consider things they would choose to do differently. Written by a team of experts with extensive experience in the field and a progressive perspective Disaster Medicine: A Case Based Approach is a valuable text for students and professionals of disaster medicine.