Crime scenes associated with child sexual exploitation and trafficking in child pornography were once limited to physical locations such as school playgrounds, church vestibules, trusted neighbors' homes, camping trips and seedy darkly lit back rooms of adult bookstores. The explosion of Internet use has created a virtual hunting ground for sexual predators and has fueled a brisk, multi-billion dollar trade in the associated illicit material. Approximately half of the caseload in computer crimes units involves the computer assisted sexual exploitation of children. Despite the scale of this problem, or perhaps because of it, there are no published resources that bring together the complex mingling of disciplines and expertise required to put together a computer assisted child exploitation case.
This work fills this void, providing police, prosecutors and forensic examiners with the historical, legal, technical, and social background for the laws prohibiting child exploitation, in particular, child pornography. The book will become an indispensable resource for those involved in the investigation, prosecution and study of computer-assisted child sexual exploitation.
The book provides a history of child exploitation cases and studies, outlining the roles of technology in this type of crime and the evidence they can contain, and documenting new research performed by the authors. It details how successful undercover Internet operations are conducted, how the associated evidence is collected, and how to use the evidence to locate and apprehend the offender. The heart of this work is a legal section, detailing all of the legal issues that arise in Internet child exploitation cases. A forensic examination section presents evidentiary issues from a technical perspective and describes how to conduct a forensic examination of digital evidence gathered in the investigative and probative stages of a child exploitation case.
Citations to related documents are provided for readers who want to learn more about certain issues. Actual case examples from computer assisted child exploitation cases are explored, at all times protecting the privacy of the victims while providing enough detail to educate the reader.
In addition to providing guidance on the technical and legal aspects of child exploitation investigations, this work identifies and analyzes trends in this type of crime and helps readers understand the similarities and differences between child predators who take to the Internet and predators who do not. Data from the thirty Internet Crimes Against Children (ICAC) Task Forces are compiled and reported to provide a deeper understanding of the types of cases, types of offenders and the level of danger they pose to themselves, their victims, and investigating officers. Also, sex offender data from the Offices of Attorneys General in the United States and similar offices in foreign countries are gathered to increase the study sample size, establish controls, and expand the scope of the research to outside of the United States.
- The first comprehensive title in this subject area
- It will use real cases and examples of criminal behavior and the means to detect it.
- Provides guidelines for developing a Field Manual and a Checklist to supplement the investigation and legal process
- Establishes a reliable system and legal, procedural-backed protocol by which to conduct an online sexual investigation and collect evidence

Effective police organizations are run with sound leadership and management strategies that take into account the myriad of challenges that confront today's law enforcement professionals. Principles of Leadership and Management in Law Enforcement is a comprehensive and accessible textbook exploring critical issues of leadership within police agencies. Every chapter includes key concepts, definitions, chapter objectives, and review questions. Organized in logical fashion, each new chapter builds on previous material for quick assimilation. Topics include: The evolution of the modern police department Leadership approaches and management theories Organizational structure of a police department Strategic short- and long-term planning Business approaches, including Six Sigma and COMPSTAT New technology such as computer-aided dispatch, vehicle monitoring, and crime mapping Managing police stress and the work environment Recruitment and training Legislative issues impacting police, including Title VII Policing in an era of advanced homeland security Ethical issues Suitable for a one-semester course, the book's easy reading style minimizes the need for memorization and reinforces salient points through boxed highlighted areas. Written by three renowned criminal justice experts, this volume encourages readers to think expansively and develop new insights into the future direction of police leadership and management.

Author Biography:
Kenneth Bolton is Assistant Professor of Criminal Justice at Southeastern Louisiana University.

Joe Feagin is Professor of Sociology at the University of Florida, Gainesville. He is a past president of the American Sociological Association. He has published over 40 books.

Policing in the US and many western nations is in an era of crisis, facing extensive calls for reformation and change. This edited book outlines the major challenges and changes needed to achieve a more stable future for the policing profession and police organizations. The chapters come from innovative police leaders and officers as well as academics with subject matter expertise, to provide insight into how reform can be done with the police. It focusses on how leaders should understand and approach their role during times of instability and uncertainty. It starts with an examination of how policing reached this state of crisis and discusses some interviews conducted with police leaders, particularly chiefs as agents of change and reform. This is followed by chapters from several veteran police leaders and personnel describing some of the factors that brought policing to this critical time of change and reform, how has policing evolved in the late 20th and early 21st centuries, and how that impacts the current environment, and some potential strategies to create meaningful change while considering unintended consequences. The following chapters from academics seek to define paths that policing can take toward needed changes that will increase legitimacy, trust, and equality of policing services. It speaks to students, academics and professionals interested in police organization and administration, police leadership, and contemporary issues in policing and criminal justice.

Stress in policing remains a serious concern for individual officers, their families, their organizations and society at large. As an editor of the Psychological and Behavioural Aspects of Risk series, Ronald J. Burke brings together the latest research findings and intervention strategies, shown to be effective, by an international group of experts. The contributors comprise of a group of high profile researchers and writers who are experts in their respective fields. This edited collection addresses such issues as: The increased risk of international terrorism Racial profiling Police Culture Police integrity Police suicide Inadequate police training The work of police officers exposes them to sources of stress that increase several risks in terms of their psychological and physical health, their family relationships, physical injuries, emotional trauma, ambiguity about their roles in society. Shift work, and undercover work add additional burdens to officers and their families. Police work also places risks on the communities in which officers serve in terms of officers being inadequately trained to deal with mentally ill citizens.

The Sensation of Security explores how private security guards are a permanent, conspicuous fixture of everyday life in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro. Drawing on long term ethnographic research with security laborers, managers, company owners, and elite global consultants, Erika Robb Larkins examines the provision of security in Rio from the perspective of security personnel, providing an analysis of the racialized logics that underpin the ongoing work of securing the city. Larkins shows how guards communicate a sensacao de seguranca (a sensation of security) to clients and customers who have the capital to pay for it. Cultivated through performances by security laborers, the sensation of security is a set of culturally shaped racialized and gendered impressions related to safety, order, well-being, and cleanliness. While the sensacao de seguranca indexes an outward facing task of allaying fear of crime and maintaining order in elite spaces, it also refers to the emotional labor and embodied worlds that security workers navigate.

Every police force in England and Wales uses the same national application form and assessment centre. This book tells you not just about the process, but what you need to do to impress the assessors. Now in a revised new edition to reflect the recent changes in the six core skills by which all police applicants are assessed, it provides:

This book adds to knowledge about chief police officers in England and Wales by exploring their understandings of the right of police to exercise power. Their beliefs, motivations, backgrounds, and cultures are examined. Light is cast on how they perceive power, coercion, control, policing purpose, gendered understandings, protecting people, vulnerability, policing by consent, discretion, operational independence, law and the oversight and political direction (or governance), and accountability of police. Chief officers used three legitimating narratives based on: protecting people - particularly the most vulnerable - policing by consent, and law and the oversight and political direction of police. These accounts are assessed. Damaged processes of police governance that risk undermining police leadership and legitimacy are revealed. Critically, chief officers' understandings of legitimacy are found to be confused, conflicted, and, above all, convenient in supporting them in asserting a privileged position from which they can pursue their preferences for the use of power.

Designed to enable practitioners and students to evaluate a variety of real-life emergencies from every angle, this new edition of Case Studies in Disaster Response and Emergency Management provides clear, thorough, step-by-step descriptions of more than 50 major disasters or emergencies. Arranged chronologically, the case studies involve incidents from around the globe, with topics including natural disasters, industrial accidents, epidemics, and terrorist attacks. A series of questions throughout each case study encourages the reader to think critically about the problem at hand, to select a course of action, and to then see the results of the decisions that were made. This hands-on approach invites practitioners and students to apply learned theoretical emergency management techniques in a safe test environment. Case Studies in Disaster Response and Emergency Management, 2e provides readers with the most modern and current case studies in disaster response and emergency management and can be used in group project settings, as individual homework assignments in training courses for first responders, law enforcement, and government employees, or to complement existing emergency management textbooks in Public Administration, Public Management, and Public Affairs programs.

Provides a critical understanding and evaluation of police tactics and the use of force Police violence has historically played an important role in shaping public attitudes toward the government. Community trust and confidence in policing have been undermined by the perception that officers are using force unnecessarily, too frequently, or in problematic ways. The use of force, or harm suffered by a community as a result of such force, can also serve as a flashpoint, a spark that ignites long-simmering community hostility. In Evaluating Police Uses of Force, legal scholar Seth W. Stoughton, former deputy chief of police Jeffrey J. Noble, and distinguished criminologist Geoffrey P. Alpert explore a critical but largely overlooked facet of the difficult and controversial issues of police violence and accountability: how does society evaluate use-of-force incidents? By leading readers through answers to this question from four different perspectives-constitutional law, state law, administrative regulation, and community expectations-and by providing critical information about police tactics and force options that are implicated within those frameworks, Evaluating Police Uses of Force helps situate readers within broader conversations about governmental accountability, the role that police play in modern society, and how officers should go about fulfilling their duties.

Remarkably little has been written about the theory and practice of applied police research, despite growing demand for evidence in crime prevention. Designed to fill this gap, this book offers a valuable new resource. It contains a carefully curated selection of contributions from some of the world's leading applied police researchers. Together, the authors have almost 300 years of relevant experience across three continents. The volume contains both practical everyday advice and calls for more fundamental change in how police research is created, consumed and applied. It covers diverse topics, including the art of effective collaborations, the interaction between policing, academia and policy, the interplay between theory and practice and managing ethical dilemmas. This book will interest a broad and international audience from academics and students, to police management, officers and trainees, to policymakers and research funders.

This book examines the major theoretical foundations of ethics, before zooming in on definitions of professional practice and applied professional ethics, as distinct from private morals, in general and then focusing on professional ethics for translators and interpreters in police and legal settings. The book concludes with a chapter that offers a model for ethical decision making in the profession.

The shift in the care of people with serious mental illness to community-based care has been the subject of intense policy, educational and research activity, yet the provision of effective services remains problematic. This book brings together experts from a range of disciplines to provide a comprehensive and contemporary account of community services. Section I: Contemporary Issues in Community Health Care Services provides an informed and critical overview of the effect of policy framework, organizational structures, economic issues and the principles of 'good' practice in the provision of community services for people with serious mental health problems. Section II: Specific Intervention strategies summarises much of the work to date on working effectively with people who have serious mental health problems. It combines research evidence and practical illustrations of approaches and interventions with informed comment on their efficacy and implementation in routine clinical practice. Chapters include key points, case studies, questions for reflection and discussion and suggested further reading. Relevant research and evidence is cited throughout and the need for further research in this area are emphasised. All students and practitioners involved in planning, providing and evaluating services for people who have serious mental health problems will find this book an invaluable source of information for developing and delivering effective services.Leading editors and contributors Multidisciplinary perspectives, includes contributions from nurses, social workers, OTs and clinical psychologistsEvidence-based First book to provide a comprehensive and practical overview of strategies for working in this areaFocuses on practice through case-studies

This book will provide a clear and practical guide to implementing clinical audit in practice. Divided into three parts, it introduces and contextualises what clinical audit is and how it fits in with other strategies such as evidence-based practice. The second part consists of a step-by step guide to conducting a clinical audit project in practice and part three sets out the issues which need to be considered when implementing a clinical audit programme and disseminating the results. By working through the manual, readers will be equipped to design, plan and implement a clinical audit project in order to develop patient care in line with the latest available evidence.Clearly written, practical handbook. RCN-Linked. Multi-disciplinary approach. Extensive use of case studies and exercises.Leading Authors in their field.

This brief discusses a series of empirical studies on policing in Cyprus, applying research to practice. It discusses police culture and tactics, and addresses politicized policing. Using primary data based on both quantitative and qualitative studies on the day-to-day issues of front-line policing in Cyprus, this volume will be of interest to academics, researchers and practitioners interested in comparative international policing, evidence-based policing, and contextualization of policing in Cyprus.

The inspiring true story of Josephine Reynolds, Britain's first full-time female firefighter. When Josephine Reynolds signed up with the Norfolk Fire Service in July 1982 at just seventeen years old, there was no such thing as a firefighter - only fire men. Set against the slate-grey backdrop of early 1980s Britain, Fire Woman is the story of how a young woman brought up in rural Wales coped in the testosterone-fuelled world of the fire brigade, where even today 96 per cent of all staff are male. In a life packed with incident - where lethal forest fires, escaped zoo animals and unexploded bombs formed a background to the everyday toll of death and disaster - Josephine experienced both triumph and heartbreaking personal tragedy. Fire Woman also provides a unique insight into the camaraderie that comes with risking your life on a daily basis and stands as the inspiring true story of an extraordinary young woman who took on a man's world and won, becoming Britain's first full-time firefighter.

The COVID-19 pandemic, Brexit and the US-China trade dispute have heightened interest in the geopolitics and security of modern ports. Ports are where contemporary societal dilemmas converge: the (de)regulation of international flows; the (in)visible impact of globalization; the perennial tension between trade and security; and the thin line between legitimate, illicit and illegal. Applying a multidisciplinary lens to the political economy of port security, this book presents a unique outlook on the social, economic and political factors that shape organized crime and governance. Advancing the research agenda, this text bridges the divide between global and local, and theory and practice.

An up-close account of policing during the Ferguson protests, providing insights from both police officers and members of the community Policing Unrest presents the frontline experiences of police officers during the intense three weeks of protest, vigils, looting, violence, and large civil demonstrations in and around Ferguson, Missouri, following the fatal shooting of Michael Brown by a police officer. Looking closely at the lived experiences of police officers and community residents, Tammy Rinehart Kochel raises important questions about police-community relations and the role of police as peacekeepers in support of social justice. Drawing on interviews with dozens of police personnel who policed the protests, Kochel offers insight into their shared experiences and provides compelling personal accounts of how they performed their jobs during the protest. The book covers a range of topics such as police-community relationships and community policing principles; how factors such as police subculture and organizational culture stacked up against social identity during this crisis; the role of an officer's characteristics, especially an officer's race, play in an officer's self-legitimacy; and the implications for police recruitment and training. Kochel's unique access allowed her to provide a balanced perspective on police officers' cynicism and public protests against police that were rampant in the year following Ferguson against the need to restore police-community relations and police legitimacy through increased transparency, accountability, and procedural justice. Policing Unrest explains how the Ferguson protests ushered in an era of police reform and reveals what it is like being a police officer facing public unrest, particularly in the wake of widely publicized incidents of police brutality around the country.

At the beginning of Jenny Hilton's 34 years in the Metropolitan Police, women constituted less than 1% of the force. Her entertaining and insightful memoir highlights some of the major social changes over the past 60 years and the difficulties experienced by a woman in a man's world. The book paints a vivid picture of London of the 1950s and 1960s, of changing attitudes to class and gender in society and the problems of racism, corruption and heavy drinking which were rife among colleagues. During her early years, policewomen were largely a specialist branch and were relied upon by the men to deal with prostitutes, teenagers and neglected children. It was only after the introduction of equal opportunities legislation and the loss of their specialist status that she became conscious of sexism and resentment in the force. Hilton progressed through the ranks to the rank of commander and by 1986 she was one of only two senior policewomen in the Met, at a time when pro-rata there should have been twenty-five. Upon retiring from the force, she was appointed a life peer in the House of Lords.

This book is concerned with the place of communication in the troubled relations between the police and young people. Ian Loader presents a forceful critique of managerialism and, from the perspective of critical theory, outlines an alternative way of thinking about policing. This is then employed to make sense of recent research with young people and police officers. Loader concludes by suggesting how a principle of 'discursive policing' can improve police-youth relations and make the police more democratically accountable.

Blackstone's Police Manuals 2022, endorsed by the College of Policing, are the only official study guides for the NPPF Step Two Legal Examination.Straightforward and accessible, Blackstone's Police Manuals are the only resource used by question writers when preparing a NPPF Step Two Legal Examination and each of the four volumes forms part of the only comprehensive version of the 2022 syllabus. Blackstone's Police Manual Volume 4: General Police Duties 2022 covers areas including Terrorism and Associated Offences, Complaints and Misconduct, and Public Disorder, as well as PACE Codes A, B, and G. For complex or commonly misunderstood areas, there are handy Keynote boxes, which point to relevant case law or provide an example of how material is used in a practical sense, helping you to establish the connections between legislation and police procedure. The 2022 edition has been updated to incorporate all recent legislative developments and case law. Also available in the series are: Volume 1: Crime 2022, Volume 2: Evidence and Procedure 2022, and Volume 3: Road Policing 2022. Blackstone's Police Manuals are also available as part of our online Blackstone's Police Manuals and Q&As service: http://www.blackstonespoliceservice.com

The study of surveillance is more relevant than ever before. The fast growth of the field of surveillance studies reflects both the urgency of civil liberties and privacy questions in the war on terror era and the classical social science debates over the power of watching and classification, from Bentham to Foucault and beyond. In this overview, David Lyon, one of the pioneers of surveillance studies, fuses with aplomb classical debates and contemporary examples to provide the most accessible and up-to-date introduction to surveillance available.
The book takes in surveillance studies in all its breadth, from local face-to-face oversight through technical developments in closed-circuit TV, radio frequency identification and biometrics to global trends that integrate surveillance systems internationally. Surveillance is understood in its ambiguity, from caring to controlling, and the role of visibility of the surveilled is taken as seriously as the powers of observing, classifying and judging. The book draws on international examples and on the insights of several disciplines; sociologists, political scientists and geographers will recognize key issues from their work here, but so will people from media, culture, organization, technology and policy studies. This illustrates the diverse strands of thought and critique available, while at the same time the book makes its own distinct contribution and offers tools for evaluating both surveillance trends and the theories that explain them.
This book is the perfect introduction for anyone wanting to understand surveillance as a phenomenon and the tools for analysing it further, and will be essential reading for students andscholars alike.

"Professor Burns has captured the essence of transportation security, one of today's most pressing concerns. As the rate of globalization and world trade increases, security and supply chain resilience are at the core of one's global transportation network. This is a timely and well written contribution to the industry." -John A. Moseley, Senior Director of Trade Development, Port of Houston Authority "...a clear and concise book detailing the issues of security in today's post-9/11 era. An invaluable read for those working within the transport and security industries." -Steven Neuendorff, Head of Americas, HANSA HEAVY LIFT Americas, Inc. Examining sea, land, and air transportation systems and linkages, Logistics and Transportation Security: A Strategic, Tactical, and Operational Guide to Resilience provides thorough coverage of transportation security. Its topics include hazardous material handling, securing transportation networks, logistics essentials, supply chain security, risk assessment, the regulatory framework, strategic planning, and innovation through technology. This book is not a prescriptive how-to manual. It begins with a discussion of the differences between safety and security before advancing through a developmental learning curve encompassing a wide range of subjects. It discusses global threats such as terrorism and piracy as well as current regulatory mandates and technological applications, including the latest threat to logistics security, cyber-attack. The book also examines the benefits of synergy between the public and private sectors, using a number of case studies and interviews to illustrate increasing collaboration and benefits. It assists a broad range of transportation professionals, security professionals, logistics outfits, and policy makers with assessing the benefits of proactive security measures and with verifying security-associated risks and consequences.