New Techniques for Studying Biomembranes describes some of the latest methods used to investigate the dynamic distribution of specific lipids in membranes and their effects on other membrane components. The contributors present important discoveries with respect to lipid analysis and lipid interactions with membrane proteins. Various methods, which have been used to study lipid bilayer structure and lipid organization in membranes, include both in vitro and in vivo membrane systems, and study membrane proteins in various membrane systems. Key Features: Reviews both in vivo and in vitro analytical technologies and methods for studying membrane structure and function Explores how lipid bilayers and membrane proteins interact Includes contributions from an international team of researchers actively studying membrane structure and function Identifies various diseases whose causes are related to membrane proteins Related Titles: Christopher R. Jacobs, Hayden Huang, and Ronald Y. Kwon. Introduction to Cell Mechanics and Mechanobiology (ISBN 978-0-8153-4425-4) Wendell Lim and Bruce Mayer. Cell Signaling: Principles and Mechanisms (ISBN 978-0-8153-4244-1) Stephen Rothman. Proteins Crossing Membranes: A Scientist's Memoir (978-0-3670-7449-4)

International experts from world-renowned medical schools comprehensively review for practicing clinicians and scientists alike the latest understanding of the epidemiology, causation, and consequences of diabetes and obesity. The authors discuss in detail their diagnosis, clinical manifestations, complications, and best practices for diagnosis and treatment. They also review the history and epidemiology of these conditions, explain their genetics and pathophysiology, and illuminate their known mechanisms and interactions. State-of-the-art survey-chapters critique current approaches (lifestyle and pharmacological) to the treatment of these conditions.

Sleep has recently been recognized as a critical determinant of energy balance regulating, restoration and repair of many of the physiologic and psychologic processes involved in modulating energy intake and utilization. In addition to having an impact on obesity, sleep abnormalities, both quantitative and qualitative, have now been shown to have significant effects on obesity associated comorbidities, including metabolic syndrome, premalignant lesions and cancer. Sleep problems and fatigue also constitute a significant challenge for the ever expanding group of cancer survivors. Moreover, circadian misalignment, such as that experienced by "shift workers" has been shown to be associated with an increased incidence of several malignancies including, breast, colorectal and prostate cancer, consistent with the increasing recognition of the role of clock genes in the metabolic processes. Of increasing concern is the accelerating incidence of sleep disorders in childhood, their association with childhood obesity and associated abnormalities of circulating cytokines, adipokines and metabolic factors, many of which are implicated as etiologic mediators of the connection between obesity and cancer. Extensive studies have now been initiated to investigate the mechanisms by which disturbances in sleep duration, sleep continuity and sleep related breathing affect circadian rhythm, central and peripheral tissue oxygenation and metabolism, quality and quantity of dietary intake and circulating inflammatory cytokines and regulatory hormones. This volume aims to present the latest research on sleep, sleep disturbance and its correlation to obesity and cancer.

Over the past two decades, type 2 diabetes has emerged as a leading threat to global health, and the considerable overlap in obesity and diabetes trends are likely no coincidence. While the underpinnings for both etiologies are linked to lifestyles, particularly dietary and physical activity patterns, determining optimal approaches for preventing and managing type 2 diabetes using dietary composition remains a challenge. Nutrition and Type 2 Diabetes: Etiology and Prevention rigorously examines various perspectives on diet and type 2 diabetes. The book presents a comprehensive description and evaluation of the central research to date, primarily in humans, on the macronutrients and their subclasses, micronutrients, foods, beverages, and overall dietary patterns with respect to the risk of type 2 diabetes. It addresses the mediating/mechanistic role of obesity and body composition throughout the text where appropriate. The chapter authors, all leading researchers in the field, discuss fundamental nutritional principles applied to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes as well as applied behavioral studies on nutrition and diabetes for each subject area. The depth and breadth of this book includes aspects of the "food synergy" model for understanding the complicated pathways between nutrition, dietary habits, and risk for type 2 diabetes. It also examines the effects of artificially sweetened beverages and coffee. This reference provides a review of the science on the potential impact of many components of dietary behavior and nutritional properties on etiology and risk for this disease, knowledge that is essential for formulating informed approaches to public health progress in this area.

This book is designed to capture and clinically review the comprehensive database of clinical research articles that support and do not support the utilization of a variety of dietary supplements and other complementary medicines that physicians are exposed to in their daily practice. The growing list of CAM products that could interfere with surgery (anesthesia, bleeding, outcomes...) and/or conventional medicines is very large and is provided in each section of the book. Additionally, the list of dietary supplements that could be utilized to improve quality of life for breast cancer patients is also emphasized. The various sub-specialty groups in breast are adequately represented, which allows for a physician to rapidly and thoroughly investigate their topic of interest regardless of whether the topic is prevention, treatment, or a specific side effect of treatment. The practical nature of Integrative Medicine for Breast Cancer: An Evidence-Based Assessment cannot be overstated. Chapters include a general overview of the CAM agent, whether or not it has data in medicine and oncology, and a list of potential drug interactions and specific clinical scenarios where it can be utilized or discouraged in the specialty. Thus, this book will become the gold standard evidence based text for use in teaching, not only for the students interested in oncology and breast cancer, but for all current oncology health providers.

This volume presents the evolution of the authors' ideas about estrogen action and its modulation by a new group of drugs called SERMs (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators). The pioneering SERMs - tamoxifen and raloxifene - are known to have saved the lives of millions of women around the world and improved the health of millions more. Estrogen is the central hormone of women's health and reproduction. The book is a journey through 40 years of discovery and success in advancing women's health, with the prospect of improved innovation through medicinal chemistry for the future.

An unprecedented compilation of state-of-the-art advances in clinical research on diabetes and obesity by premier clinical scientists around the world. This volume critically reviews the limitations and strengths of today's major techniques in clinical diabetes research, and then reviews how those methods have been used to carry out cutting-edge studies of carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism in the disease.

Key features include: Details the role of plants for the treatment and management of cancer and diabetes Discusses the role of phytocompounds as ligands for cancer and diabetic targets Reviews plants and the potential of phytochemicals as antidiabetic and anticancer drugs Explores the green biosynthesis of nanoparticles and their treatment efficiency

Encyclopedia of Endocrine Diseases, Second Edition, Five Volume Set comprehensively reviews the extensive spectrum of diseases and disorders that can occur within the endocrine system. It serves as a useful and comprehensive source of information spanning the many and varied aspects of the endocrine end metabolic system. Students will find a concise description of the physiology and pathophysiology of endocrine and metabolic functions, as well as their diseases. Each article provides a comprehensive overview of the selected topic to inform a broad spectrum of readers, from advanced undergraduate students, to research professionals. Chapters explore the latest advances and hot topics that have emerged in recent years, such as the molecular basis of endocrine and metabolic diseases (mutations, epigenetics, signaling), the pathogenesis and therapy of common endocrine diseases (e.g. diabetes and endocrine malignancies), new technologies in endocrine research, new methods of treatment, and endocrine toxicology/disruptors.

The book aims to cover basic physiologic functions of melatonin, and its therapeutic applications in humans for a variety of clinically relevant disorders. This book contains chapters on the recent aspects of melatonin physiology, its receptors and their role in mitochondrial function, its immunomodulatory role and importance in seasonal dependent diseases, role in human reproduction, role in sleep, circadian rhythm and sleep disorders, role in neurologic disorders such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, melatonin's therapeutic use in neurobehavioral disorders in children, migraine and tension headache is also covered in this book. Melatonin's antioxidant role in Duchenne's muscular dystrophy and in glaucoma have also been discussed in short chapters. Two major melatonin agonists, ramelteon and agomelatine are discussed extensively on their current clinical application and ongoing research. Two chapters on agomelatonin and its role in mood disorders, particularly depressive disorders, are an important feature of this book. The chapters are written by experts from the global academia recognized for their original research and published work in the field of melatonin science.

This volume is the proceedings of the International Conference on Inhibin, Activin: Recent Advances and Future Views held in Tokushima, Japan from November 9-10, 1996. The Internationally recognized faculty present the latest research in the exploration of inhibin, activin and follistatin mechanisms of action.

This book provides a comprehensive guide for all healthcare professionals managing diabetic foot problems including general practitioners, nurses, podiatrists, orthopaedic surgeons, vascular surgeons and endocrinologists. It is also written in an easy to read fashion so that patients and caregivers will also find it useful.It covers a wide range of topics on the Diabetic Foot starting with an Introductory Section on "Overview of Diabetes". Topics include 'What is Diabetes?', 'Complications of Diabetes' and 'Management of Diabetes'. The section on "Basic Science of Diabetic Foot" covers Anatomy, Biomechanics and Pathogenesis: the Diabetes Foot Triad of Neuropathy, Vasculopathy and Immunopathy. Other Sections include Classification, Clinical Presentation and Treatment.A highlight of the book is the large "Guide to Operative Surgery" section. This section covers Major Amputations, Minor Amputation and other Diabetic Foot Surgeries. The latter details Surgical Debridement and Split Skin Grafting - two of the commonest operations performed. This operative manual is also useful to residents and registrars.The section on Wound Care has also been carefully assembled to meet the needs of nurses, podiatrists and general practitioners, performing day to day dressing of diabetic wounds. It focuses on the use of New Generation Dressings including Silver and Iodine Dressings and Advances in Wound Healing. Patients and Care-givers will also find this useful.The last section "A Patient's Guide" is especially written to benefit patients and care-givers. It includes 'Care of Diabetes', 'Care of the Foot', 'Choosing your own Footwear', 'Doing your own Dressing' and 'Rehabilitating your Below Knee Amputation'.Finally, the Appendix includes details of the formation of NUH Diabetic Foot Team, Asia Pacific Association of Diabetic Limb Problems and the ASEAN Plus Expert Group Forum on the Management of Diabetic Foot Wounds.

This book provides a concise, state-of-the art review of the surgical treatment of metabolic syndrome and diabetes mellitus. The volume reviews what current practices in surgery and metabolic syndrome and diabetes including the biohormonal effects of the different surgeries. Isolating the effects of the different procedures is critical to the decision tree for type of procedure selected for an individual patient. Specifically for diabetes, this textbook will provide a guide for practitioners to a tailored approach to the treatment. Areas of ongoing research that highlight the minimally invasive approach as well as incorporating what we know of the biochemical results of surgery are presented. Results of established weight loss procedures and ongoing trials are juxtaposed against some of the more novel techniques to ascertain a best practice. Metabolic Surgery and the Surgical Treatment of Diabetes serves as a very useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with, and interested in, this rising epidemic of metabolic syndrome and diabetes. It provides a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts.

In recent years, the clinical evolution of thyroid diseases has been studied exhaustively as new discoveries have been made about thyroid malfunction and the effective management of patients. Thyroid Diseases presents a comprehensive exposition of a range of disorders caused by thyroid dysfunction. With contributions by well-known experts in the field, the book is the first compendium in several decades to assemble a vast amount of data and research into one volume.

Following a methodological format, each chapter explores a different malady or condition. After defining the dysfunction or disease, the text presents the epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, clinical features, first and second level tests for diagnosis, first and second line therapies, prognosis, and recommendations for follow-up.

Highlighted topics include:

• Transient forms of hyper- and hypothyroidism
• Subclinical hyper- and hypothyroidism
• Thyroid dysfunction during gestation and postpartum
• The influence of iodine on the thyroid during pregnancy
• The importance of drugs that modify thyroid function
• Thyroid disrupters that affect thyroid homeostasis
• The bimodal and/or transient development of some thyroid diseases
• The evolution of diagnosis, priorities of therapies, and lifelong monitoring of patients

All of the contributors to this text pursued long periods of training in elite research laboratories. They are active investigators and well known in the international arena. The information presented in this volume is invaluable for practicing clinicians and those training in internal medicine, endocrinology, surgery, and other areas of medicine.

The prevalence of obesity in the United States and the rest of the industrialized world has skyrocketed in the past 20 years. Linked to heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, and metabolic syndrome, it is also the leading cause of osteoarthritis and the second leading cause of cancer. With contributions from leading experts in the field, Obesity: Prevention and Treatment bridges the gap between emerging understanding of the pathophysiology of obesity with concrete clinical applications for physicians and other healthcare workers in all disciplines of medicine. Following an overview of issues related to the prevention and management of obesity, the book discusses: Energy balance, the metabolic predictors of weight gain, and the role of adipokines, genetics, and the environment on obesity The epidemiology of obesity The identification and evaluation of the overweight patient as a guide to the selection of treatment Nutritional aspects of obesity treatment and management Exercise risks to which the obese patient may be more prone and steps that can be taken to mitigate these risks Behavior modification strategies for the obese patient The definition, assessment, consequences, and treatment of childhood obesity Drugs and surgical options for treatment The implications of public policy on the problem of obesity The significance of intra-abdominal and ectopic fat deposition in endocrine aspects of obesity Currently, over two thirds of the adult population in the United States is either overweight or obese. With these grim statistics, it is critically important that clinicians from all branches of medicine play an active role in diagnosing and treating obesity and its related conditions. This volume arms clinicians with the information they need to create an appropriate prevention and treatment program for their patients.

This is a comprehensive and novel text that examines key features that predispose individuals to autoimmune diseases. The first section details the basic mechanism of autoimmunity and examines immunogenetic and environmental factors in autoimmunity. The next section examines autoimmune thyroid disease. The third section takes a look at Type 1 diabetes mellitus. In the final section, authors explain other autoimmune endocrinopathies.

Spermatogenesis involves the coordination of a number of signaling pathways, which culminate into production of sperm. Its failure results in male factor infertility, which can be due to hormonal, environmental, genetic or other unknown factors. This book includes chapters on most of the signaling pathways known to contribute to spermatogenesis. Latest research in germ cell signaling like the role of small RNAs in spermatogenesis is also discussed. This book aims to serve as a reference for both clinicians and researchers, explaining possible causes of infertility and exploring various treatment methods for management through the basic understanding of the role of molecular signaling. Key Features Discusses the signaling pathways that contribute to successful spermatogenesis Covers comprehensive information about Spermatogenesis at one place Explores the vital aspects of male fertility and infertility Explains the epigenetic regulation of germ cell development and fertility Highlights the translational opportunities in molecular signaling in testis

This new volume provides a plethora of new information about potential medicinal herbs and their usefulness in treating diabetes and neurological diseases. Most large multinational companies are interested and engaged in the commercialization of herb-based formulations, and consumers continue to seek natural-based therapies. Herbs for Diabetes and Neurological Disease Management provides insight into plant-based novel molecules targeted for diabetes and neurological disorders. It looks at a selection of herbs that have proven effective in the management of diabetes and neurological disorders, including migraine, epilepsy, memory disorders, depression, and more. Divided into ten chapters focusing on diabetes and its macro- and microvascular complications (migraine, epilepsy, memory disorders, depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders), this book is structured to provide a source of reliable information and enrich the knowledge of readers. Each chapter briefly explains the epidemiology and pathophysiology of the disease state and the possible role of herbal drugs in the prevention of the particular disease. The reported pharmacological activities and possible mechanism of action of herbal drugs are also discussed in detail, which makes this book informative and unique. This new volume will be a reliable reference complementing the substantial information on the use of herbal drugs in diabetes and neurological disorders that serve as the pillars of drug discovery and development.

This book covers all one needs to know about the utility of endomicroscopy in the diagnosis and management of gastrointestinal diseases. It provides a comprehensive description of the latest in diagnostic criteria and advances in the basic science pertaining to endomicroscopy of the gastrointestinal system. Each chapter introduces the key histologic, endoscopic, and endomicroscopic features of common gastrointestinal conditions, with generous illustration using typical images. The book will provide the practicing physicians with the principles of practice, and procedural techniques of endomicroscopy, as well as demonstrate the bench-to-bedside translational potential of endomicrosocpy in helping endoscopists manage their patients' gastrointestinal conditions. This book fills an enormous gap in providing a much needed atlas in GI endomicroscopic diagnosis. Readers can learn the diagnostic criteria of various gastrointestinal conditions as illustrated by high quality endoscopic, endomicroscopic and histology images. It contains the most extensive review of currently published studies of endomicroscopy in gastrointestinal conditions. It has numerous high quality endomicroscopic images along with high definition endoscopy and histology images illustrating the common gastrointestinal diseases. It will provide a platform for standardizing endomicroscopic practice and learning.

Control pre-diabetes with these 200 easy-to-follow, nutritious recipes that take 30 minutes or less and leave you feeling full, satisfied, and one step closer to a healthier life. A pre-diabetes diagnosis can be concerning, but taking action and incorporating a better diet and more activity at an early stage can help you avoid type-2 diabetes altogether. And The Everything Pre-Diabetes Cookbook is here to help on your health journey. This cookbook includes 200 healthy and easy recipes that will help you manage your pre-diabetes. You will enjoy meals like a savory stir fry, chili, pasta, and even sweet baked goods like doughnuts, all while creating positive change and improving your health. In 30 minutes or less you can devour these easy-to-make recipes that you're sure to enjoy. The first step toward a healthier life starts right here!

Melatonin is a powerful hormone and antioxidant with numerous effects on the metabolism and the health of humans. Available as a dietary supplement in the United States since 1993, it is one of the most popular over-the-counter alternative remedies available. Comprising contributions from researchers who have studied the role of melatonin in various disease and physiological states, Melatonin in the Promotion of Health, Second Edition provides a wide variety of expert reviews on the biology of melatonin relevant to health. Beginning with a history of melatonin and its relation to circadian rhythms, the book examines its use in a host of applications, including: Gut motility and gastrointestinal diseases Anesthesia and surgery Bone health Breast cancer Cardiovascular diseases Diabetes Age-related macular degeneration and uveitis Melanoma, solar skin damage, and collagen synthesis The prevention of DNA damage Mental disorders, sleep, and issues related to jet lag and shift work The data gathered from a large number of carefully controlled animal and human studies have clearly implicated melatonin in the control mechanisms of a wide variety of physiological and psychological activities, making it a potent candidate for therapeutic use in the treatment of a diverse range of diseases. This volume demonstrates that continued studies of this molecule raise the exciting prospect of providing new avenues of treating numerous diseases more effectively and with less side-effects than those found in conventional treatment modalities.

This is an optimistic and empowering approach to the daunting task of teaching diabetes patients to care for themselves. Written by a highly respected diabetes educator who has suffered with diabetes for 25 years, the guide provides the clinical and personal expertise that will help nurses and other health professionals to successfully teach diabetes self-management and compliance to adults, children, adolescents, and parents.

The book contains a vast reservoir of information ranging from a thorough overview of diabetes and the physical and emotional toll of living with the disease to number of teaching and motivating strategies that health care professionals can use to create individualized approaches to teaching self-management skills. The guide provides up-to-date information on drug therapies, nutrition management, exercise, chronic complications, glycemic control, diabetes in children, adolescents, and adults, diabetes in adults with special needs or mental illness, and diabetes noncompliance. Addressing the most important and current topics necessary for successful self-regulation and maintenance of diabetes, this innovative desk reference provides a quick guide and instructional tool for nurses and other health professionals who interact with diabetics. This new edition provides:

Clinical guidance and expertise to successfully teach diabetes self-management to adults, adolescents, and children The clinical expertise of a leading diabetes educator and the hard-earned personal wisdom of an author who has suffered with diabetes for 25 years A new chapter on chronic complications that describes a multitude of helpful new treatments A greatly expanded section on nutrition and exercise Thoroughly updated chapters A "must read" chapter on noncompliance, including why this occurs and how to prevent it

If you or a loved one has been diagnosed with a thyroid condition, you've probably found out at least a little about this mysterious gland-just enough to want to look for answers to the many questions that keep popping up in your mind. What causes this condition? How is it treated? What can you do to get healthy again? Thyroid for Dummies, 2nd Edition gives you the detailed information you're looking for on new methods for detecting thyroid disease in both adults and children, alternative treatments, pros and cons of powerful new drugs now on the market, advice for managing the disease through changes in exercise and diet, and much more. You're discover: * What the thyroid does * How to identify a sick thyroid and recognize who's at risk * Ways to find the right thyroid doctor * How to cope with hypothyroidism in children * The hereditary connection to thyroid disease * How thyroid disease affects the elderly * The effects of hyperthyroidism during pregnancy * How to decide if surgery is necessary * Ten myths about thyroid health Updated to address advances made since the first edition, including the latest thinking on understanding thyroid disease's connection to depression and mania, Thyroid for Dummies, 2nd Edition will tell you everything you need to know about how the thyroid functions, what makes it malfunction, and what to do when a problem occurs.